Introduction

The economy of Bangladesh is a rapidly developing market-based economy. According to the International Monetary Fund, Bangladesh ranked as the 44th largest economy in the world in 2011 in PPP terms and 57th largest in nominal terms, among the Next Eleven or N-11 of Goldman Sachs and D-8 economies, with a gross domestic product of US$269.3 billion in PPP terms and US$104.9 billion in nominal terms. The economy has grown at the rate of 6-7% per annum over the past few years. More than half of the GDP is generated by the service sector; while nearly half of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector. Other goods produced are textiles, jute, fish, vegetables, fruit, leather and leather goods, ceramics, ready-made goods. Remittances from Bangladeshis working overseas, mainly in the Middle East, are the major source of foreign exchange earnings; exports of garments and textiles are the other main sources of foreign exchange earnings. Ship building and cane cultivation have become a major force of growth. GDP's rapid growths due to sound financial control and regulations have also contributed to its growth; however, foreign direct investment is yet to rise significantly. Bangladesh has made major strides in its human development index. The land is devoted mainly to rice and jute cultivation as well as fruits and other produce, although wheat production has increased in recent years; the country is largely self-sufficient in rice production. Bangladesh's growth of its agricultural industries is due to its fertile deltaic land that depends on its six seasons and multiple harvests. Transportation, communication, water distribution, and energy infrastructure are rapidly developing. Bangladesh is limited in its reserves of oil, but recently there has been huge development in gas and coal mining. The service sector has expanded rapidly during last two decades and the country's industrial base remains very positive. The country's main endowments include its vast human resource base, rich agricultural land, relatively abundant water, and substantial reserves of natural gas, with the blessing of possessing the worlds only natural sea ports in Mongla and Chittagong, in addition to being the only central port linking two large burgeoning economic hub groups SAARC and ASEAN.

Economic overview of Bangladesh

In real terms Bangladesh's economy has grown 5.8% per year since 1996 despite political instability, poor infrastructure, corruption, insufficient power supplies, and slow implementation of economic reforms. Bangladesh remains a poor, overpopulated, and inefficiently-governed nation. Although more than half of GDP is generated through the service sector, 45% of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector with rice as the single-most-important product. Bangladesh's growth was resilient during the 2008-09 global financial crisis and recession. Garment exports, totaling $12.3 billion in FY09 and remittances from overseas Bangladeshis, totaling $11 billion in FY10, accounted for almost 12% of GDP.

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Economy of Bangladesh at a Glance

GDP $112 billion (nominal; 2011 est.) $283.5 billion (PPP; 2011 est.) GDP growth 6.3% (2012 est.) GDP per capita $1,900 (PPP; 2011 est.) GDP by sector agriculture: 18.4%, industry: 28.6%, services: 53% (2011 est.) Inflation (CPI): 8.69% (2011-2012 Population below poverty line : 31.5% (2012 est.) Gini coefficient : 33.2 (2005) Labour force: 75.42 million (2012) Labour forceby occupation Agriculture: 45%, Industry: 30%, Services: 25% (2008) Unemployment: 5% (2012 est.) Main industries: textiles and apparel, jute, tea, leather, telecommunications, pharmaceuticals, cement, ceramics, shipbuilding, fertilizer, food processing, paper newsprint, light engineering, sugar , fisheries , rubber , ship repairing , agriculture Ease of Doing Business Rank 122nd Exports $24.28 billion (2012 est.) Export goods apparel, ships, jute and jute products, frozen fish and seafood, leather and leather products, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, cement, processed food, fertilizer. Main export partners US 19, 7%, Germany 16, 1%, UK 9, 5%, France 7, 2%, Netherlands 4, 3% (2012)
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Imports $30 billion (2012 est.) Import goods machinery and equipment, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles, foodstuffs, petroleum products, cement Main import partners China 18.9%, India 12.7%, Singapore 6%, Malaysia 4.7%, Japan 4% (2010) Gross external debt $24.6 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Public debt 36.7% of GDP (2012 est.) Revenues $12.67 billion (2012 est.) Expenses $17.15 billion (2012 est.) Economic aid $0.957 billion (2011 est.) Credit rating BB - (domestic) BB - (foreign) BB -(T&C assessment) (Standard & Poor's) Foreign reserves $13.53 billion (January 2013)

GDP Analysis
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Current Prices
The information given in the below table reveals the picture about the GDP, GNI and per-cpaita income at current Market process for the last 10 fiscal years. in here it has been seen that the value of GDP at current market prices in FY 2001-02 was TK 273201 crore which is reached at TK. 7,87,495 crore in FY2010-11, which was 13.42 percent higher than the GDP of previous year (Tk.6, 94,324 crore). In FY 2001-02 the per capita GDP was TK 20,754 crore and in FY 2010-11, the per capita GDP was estimated

at TK. 53,236 which was 11.99 percent higher than the per capita GDP of Tk. 47,536 a year
earlier. On the other hand, per capita national income stood at Tk. 57,652 in FY2010-11, which was Tk.

51,959 in the previous fiscal year and which was TK 21,707 crore in FY 2001-02. In dollar terms, per capita GNI and per capita GDP stood at US$818 and US$ 755 respectively, which was US$ 751 and US$ 687 respectively a year earlier Table 2.1represents GDP, GNI, per capita GDP and national income and table 2.2 represents the sectoral GDP at current market prices over the last couple of years.

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Table 01: GDP, GNI, per capita GDP and GNI at current Market prices
Item GDP (In Crore TK) GNI (In Crore TK) Population (In Crore) Per Capita GDP (In TK) Per capita GNI (In Tk) Per Capita GDP (In US $) Per Capita GNI (In US $) 2001-02 273201 285743 13.16 20754 2002-03 300580 317163 13.34 22530 2003-04 332973 350526 13.52 24628 2004-05 370707 389635 13.70 27061 2005-06 415728 442935 13.88 29955 2006-07 472477 507752 14.06 33607 2007-08 545822 594212 14.24 38330 2008-09 614795 670696 14.42 42628 2009-10 694324 758928 14.61 47536 2010-11 787495 852822 14.79 53236

21707 361

23773 389

25926 418

28443 441

31915 447

36116 487

41728 559

46504 620

51959 687

57652 755

378

411

440

463

476

523

608

676

751

818

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

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Table 02: Sector-wise Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Current market Price.
Sector/Sub-sector 1. Agriculture & Forestry a. Crops & horticulture b. animal farming c. Forest and related services 2. Fishery 3. Mining & Quarrying a. Natural gas & crude petroleum b. Others mineral Resources. 4. Industry (Manufacturing) a. Large & mediumscale. b. Small- Scale. 5. Electricity, Gas & Water a. Electricity b. Gas c. Water. 6. Construction 2001-02 46603 33896 7118 4989 13897 2996 2002-03 48798 39024 7474 5300 14259 3309 2003-04 52419 39024 7915 5620 14783 3644 2004-05 56167 41482 8680 6006 15856 4041 2005-06 62223 46118 9682 6423 16317 4643 2006-07 67830 50139 10828 6873 17783 5322

(In Crore taka)

2007-08 80201 60578 12118 7505 19790 6152 2008-09 89426 67247 14002 8177 21860 7091 2009-10 100588 75339 16219 9878 24223 8114 2010-11 113582 85238 18470 9878 26996 9063

1733 1264 41805 29596

1900 1409 45813 32377

2085 1558 52527 36364

2295 1746 58975 41535

2568 2075 68923 48974

2845 2476 81178 57688

3164 2988 93901 66759

3590 3501 106445 75610

4039 4075 120108 84899

4262 4801 135551 97121

12209 3640 3053 399 188 21159

13435 3989 3318 438 233 23016

15163 4424 3683 480 261 25397

17260 4909 4065 532 312 29061

19949 5392 4455 594 342 32797

23490 5590 4567 651 372 37543

27142 6070 4955 716 399 43854

30835 6542 5311 793 438 50125

35209 7194 5840 876 479 55658

38430 8211 6775 908 528 63892

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7. Wholesale & Retail Trade 8. Hotel & Restaurant 9. Transport, Storage & Communication. a. Surface transport b. Water transport c. Air transport. d. Support transport services, storage. e. Post & telecommunication 1740 25524 1944 31112 2202 34444 2512 38289

56984

66011

78220

88276

100295

113902

2853 43206

3289 48908

3889 56907

4460 64280

5150 71880

5998 85465

18869 2725 413 992 2525

24096 2792 420 1036 2768

26860 2886 438 1070 3190

29374 2994 467 1171 4283

32841 3137 500 1260 5467

36853 3307 509 1420 6820

42857 3621 546 1569 8314

48365 3923 589 1758 9643

54159 4214 649 1938 10920

66088 4532 722 2070 12053

10. Financial Intermediations. a. Bank. b. Insurance. c. Others.

4207 3179 861 167

4718 3540 999 180 25678

5197 3889 1111 198 27601

5934 4451 1259 225 29744

6684 4995 1430 260 32157

7744 5797 1640 307 34929

8955 6656 1930 368 38058

8955 6656 1930 368 416616

12300 9063 2702 535 45683

14484 10621 3231 632 50337

11. Real Estate, Renting 23995 & others Business Activities. 12. Public 7117 Administration and Defense. 13. Education 6352

7783

8624

9637

11036

12743

14427

16360

18757

22381

7064

7873

8788

9935

11767

13531

15494

17908

21308

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14. Health and Social Work 15. Community, Social and Personal Services. 16.GDP at Current Market Price Growth Rate (%)

6079

6601

7197

8104

9022

10307

11819

13391

15142

17582

23698 273201 7.75

26685 300580 10.02

30028 332973 10.08

33876 370707 11.33

38283 415728 12.14

43568 47247 13.65

50200 545822 15.52

58364 614795 12.64

68466 694324 12.94

22381 796704 14.75

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

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Sector wise Growth of GDP

The estimation of production based GDP comprises 15 sectors. Some sectors are further divided into various sub sectors. All the 15 sectors are grouped into three broad sectors viz- agriculture, industry and service. The broad agriculture sector includes two sectors namely, (i) agriculture and forestry and (ii) fishing. The broad industry sector comprises (i) mining and quarrying, (ii) manufacturing, (iii) electricity, gas and water supply and (iv) construction sector. The broad service sector consists of the collective outputs of the, (i) wholesale and retail trade, (ii) hotels and restaurants, (iii) transport, storage and communication, (iv) financial intermediations, (v) real estate renting and business activities, (vi) public administration and defense, (vii) education, (viii) health and social work and (ix) community, social and personal services. Table 03 and graph 01 show the sector wise growth rates of GDP at constant prices since FY 2001 to FY2011.

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Table 03: Sector-wise Share of Gross domestic product (GDP) at Constant Price Base Year (1995-1996) (in percentage)

Sector/Sub-sector 1. Agriculture & Forestry a. Crops & horticulture b. animal farming c. Forest and related services 2. Fishery 3. Mining & Quarrying a. Natural gas & crude petroleum b. Others mineral resources.

2001-02 18.58 13.75 2.96 1.88 5.40 1.07

2002-03 18.22 13.43 2.93 1.83 5.25 1.09

2003-04 17.97 13.23 2.91 1.83 5.11 1.11

2004-05 17.27 15.51 2.95 1.82 5.00 1.14

2005-06 16.98 12.28 2.92 1.79 4.86 1.16

2006-07 16.38 11.72 2.90 1.76 4.73 1.18

2007-08 16.18 11.64 2.79 1.75 4.65 1.21

2008-09 15.91 11.43 2.73 1.75 4.58 1.25

2009-10 15.81 11.42 2.65 1.73 4.49 1.29

2010-11 15.52 11.24 2.57 1.71 4.43 1.26

0.63

0.66

0.68

0.69

0.71

0.72

0.74

0.76

0.77

0.73

4. Industry (Manufacturing) a. Large & mediumscale. b. Small- Scale.

0.44 15.76

0.44 15.97

0.43 16.16

0.44 16.51

0.45 17.08

0.46 17.55

0.47 17.77

0.50 17.90

0.51 17.94

0.53 18.41

11.16 4.60

11.29 4.68

11.41 4.78

11.66 4.85

12.14 4.94

12.47 5.08

12.63 5.14

12.71 5.18

12.68 5.26

13.12 5.29

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5. Electricity, Gas & Water a. Electricity b. Gas c. Water. 6. Construction 7. Wholesale & Retail Trade 8. Hotel & Restaurant 9. Transport, Storage & Communication. a. Surface transport b. Water transport c. Air transport. d. Support transport services, storage. e. Post & telecommunication.

1.54 1.27 0.17 0.07 8.41 13.77 0.66 9.62 6.86 1.08 0.14 0.37

1.59 1.30 0.17 0.07 8.63 13.87 0.67 9.76 6.95 1.03 0.13 0.35

1.64 1.34 0.18 0.08 8.83 13.97 0.68 9.79 6.96 0.97 0.12 0.33

1.65 1.37 0.18 0.08 9.03 14.92 0.68 9.98 6.85 0.93 0.12 0.32

1.63 1.38 0.09 0.08 9.14 14.08 0.69 10.07 6.67 0.89 0.12 0.32

1.57 1.30 0.19 0.09 9.15 14.24 0.70 10.18 6.50 0.85 0.11 0.32

1.59 1.31 0.19 0.09 9.13 14.37 0.70 10.44 6.42 0.82 0.11 0.32

1.59 1.31 0.19 0.09 9.12 14.41 0.71 10.65 6.38 0.79 0.12 0.34

1.60 1.32 0.20 0.09 9.10 14.36 0.72 10.79 6.21 0.72 0.12 0.34

1.59 1.31 0.19 0.09 9.07 14.27 0.73 10.91 6.21 0.72 0.12 0.34

1.16 10. Financial Intermediations. a. Bank. b. Insurance. c. Others.

1.16

1.41

1.76

2.08

2.40

2.40

3.02

3.31

3.31

1.61 1.22 0.33 0.06 8.63

1.63 1.22 0.34 0.06 8.48

1.65 1.27 0.36 0.06 8.30

1.69 1.27 0.36 0.06 8.12

1.72 1.28 0.37 0.07 7.87

1.76 1.31 0.37 0.07 7.65

1.81 1.34 0.39 0.07 7.49

1.86 1.38 0.40 0.08 7.34

1.95 1.44 0.43 0.08 7.18

2.00 1.47 0.45 0.09 6.99

11. Real Estate, Renting & others Business Activities. 12. Public Administration 2.60 and Defense.
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2.60

2.63

2.68

2.71

2.75

2.76

2.78

2.84

2.92

13. Education 14. Health and Social Work 15. Community, Social and Personal Services. 16.GDP

2.31 2.21 7.87 100

2.36 2.21 7.72 100

2.40 2.22 7.59 100

2.44 2.25 7.45 100

2.49 2.27 7.25 100

2.54 2.29 7.09 100

2.58 2.31 7.01 100

2.64 2.34 6.93 100

2.71 2.38 6.83 100

2.78 2.41 6.70 100

Source: Economic Review of Bangladesh Table 4: Sector- wise GDP at Constant Price Base Year (1995-1996)

Sector/Sub-sector 1. Agriculture & Forestry a. Crops & horticulture b. animal farming c. Forest and related services

2001-02 40300 29829 6412 4070

2002-03 41627 30673 6701 4250

2003-04 43459 31988 7035 4427

2004-05 44230 32034 7534 4653

2005-06 46545 33644 8008 4894

2006-07 48730 35133 8447 5150

2007-08 50157 36072 8653 5232

2008-09 52215 37520 8954 5741

2009-10 55117 38919 9257 6041

2010-11 57923 42067 9579 6277

2. Fishery. 3. Mining & Quarrying a. Natural gas & crude petroleum b. Others mineral resources
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11713 2326

11986 2493

12356 2684

12807 2909

13308 3178

13850 3443

14429 3751

15029 4120

15652 4482

16474 4698

1357

1498

1633

1780

1949

2106

2280

2488

2690

2719

4. Industry (Manufacturing) a. Large & mediumscale. b. Small- Scale. 5. Electricity, Gas & Water a. Electricity b. Gas c. Water. 6. Construction 7. Wholesale & Retail Trade 8. Hotel & Restaurant 9. Transport, Storage & Communication. a. Surface transport b. Water transport c. Air transport. d. Support transport services, storage. e. Post & telecommunication.

951 34174 24194

995 36481 25781

1051 39069 27572

1129 42269 29861

1229 46801 33268

2476 51372 36507

1471 55077 39157

1632 58784 41735

1792 62571 44230

1979 68482 49070

9980 46801 33268

10700 3529 2962 392 175 19791 31687 1527 22292

11497 3849 3234 426 189 21347 33770 1635 23676

12409 4192 3511 464 216 23120 36155 1751 25552

13552 4513 3773 508 233 25042 38595 1881 27592

14865 4608 3813 545 249 26796 41700 2023 29809

15920 4919 4068 587 264 28318 44543 2176 32357

17019 5210 4287 637 286 29931 47309 2341 34949

18341 5589 4596 684 309 31730 50088 2519 37637

19412 5960 4934 690 336 33795 53249 2709 39778

13552 18243 29868 1427 20863

14886 2340 303 809 2525

15874 2342 299 800 2977

16830 23246 302 789 3411

17545 2392 309 812 4495

18272 2432 325 862 5695

36853 3307 509 1420 6820

19901 2544 352 1318 8542

20931 2606 378 1116 9917

22183 2633 413 1207 11201

23100 2660 447 1249 13461

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10. Financial Intermediations. a. Bank. b. Insurance. c. Others. 11. Real Estate, Renting & othera Business Activities. 12. Public Administration and Defense. 13. Education 14. Health and Social Work 15. Community, Social and Personal Services. 16.GDP at Constant Price Growth Rate (%)

3489

3722

3983

4338

4707

5139

5596

6099

6809

7466

2636 714 139 18715

2792 788 142 19374

2980 851 152 20068

3251 922 165 20801

3517 1007 183 21569

3846 1089 204 22381

4168 1199 229 23221

4545 1299 255 24106

5021 1493 296 25045

5475 1666 325 26037

5637

5932

6351

6860

7420

8044

8543

9142

9906

10864

5004 4789 17073 225261 4.42

5384 5059 17640 237101 5.26

5798 5371 18340 251968 6.27

6256 5768 19082 266974 6.63

6822 6217 19863 284673 6.43

7433 6693 20773 302971 6.19

8013 7163 21731 321726 5.74

8658 7678 22753 340197 6.07

9458 8300 23827 360845 6.71

10343 8993 24947 385050 6.32

Source: Economic Review 2012

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Table 4: Sector Wise GDP Growth Rate at Constant Prices (Base Year- 1995-96)
Sector/Sub-sector 1. Agriculture & Forestry a. Crops & horticulture b. Animal farming c. Forest and related service 2001-02 -0.62 -2.39 4.70 4.91 2.22 4.53 2002-03 3.29 2.88 4.51 4.43 2.23 7.17 2003-04 4.38 4.27 4.98 4.18 3.09 7.66 2004-05 1.80 0.15 7.23 5.09 3.65 8.83 2005-06 5.23 5.03 6.15 5.18 3.91 9.26 2006-07 4.69 4.43 5.49 5.24 4.07 8.33 2007-08 2.93 2.67 2.44 5.46 4.18 8.94 2008-09 4.10 4.02 3.48 5.69 4.16 9.84 2009-10 5.56 6.13 3.38 5.23 4.15 8.80 3.48 3.90 5.25 4.80 2010-11
4.82

5.65

2. Fishery. 3. Mining & Quarrying a. Natural gas & crude petroleum b. Others mineral resources

4.93

8.91

8.98

9.02

9.52

8.03

8.26

9.15

8.12

1.05

4. Industry (Manufacturing) a. Large & medium-scale. b. Small- Scale.

3.96 5.48 4.60

4.66 6.75 6.56

5.68 7.10 6.95

7.40 8.19 8.30

8.84 10.77 11.41

8.80 9.72 9.74

10.01 7.21 7.26

10.90 6.68 6.58

9.84 6.50 5.98

10.43 9.45 10.94

5. Electricity, Gas & Water a. Electricity b. Gas c. Water. 6. Construction 7. Wholesale & Retail Trade 8. Hotel & Restaurant
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7.69 7.63 7.78 6.53 7.52 8.61 6.59 6.92

7.21 8.02 7.29 8.77 20.01 8.09 6.09 7.00

7.45 9.09 9.19 8.81 8.00 8.25 6.57 7.05

7.93 8.90 8.58 8.87 14.44 8.31 7.06 7.12

9.21 7.67 7.45 9.37 7.55 8.31 6.75 7.45

9.69 2.10 1.08 7.37 7.08 7.01 8.04 7.52

7.10 6.77 6.68 7.72 6.00 5.68 6.82 7.55

6.90 5.91 5.39 8.42 8.39 5.70 6.21 7.58

7.77 7.28 7.21 7.51 7.77 6.01 5.87 7.61

5.84 6.63 7.33 0.82 8.99 6.51 6.31 7.55

9. Transport, Storage & Communication. a. Surface transport b. Water transport c. Air transport. d. Support transport services, storage. e. Post & telecommunication.

6.56

6.85

6.21

7.97

7.98

8.03

8.55

8.01

7.69

5.96

6.73 0.34 -16.84 -4.62 20.93

6.64 0.07 -1.35 -1.17 17.89

6.02 0.16 0.84 -1.35 14.56

4.25 1.95 2.49 2.92 31.79

4.14 1.95 5.25 6.13 26.70

4.18 1.73 2.01 8.93 23.29

4.58 2.58 6.20 8.45 21.64

5.17 2.46 7.38 9.64 16.11

5.98 1.01 9.13 8.15 12.95

4.13 1.05 8.26 3.50 10.01

10. Financial Intermediations. a. Bank. b. Insurance. c. Others. 11. Real Estate, Renting & others Business Activities. 12. Public Administration and Defense. 13. Education 14. Health and Social Work 15. Community, Social and Personal Services. 16. GDP Growth Rate (%)

6.70

6.67

7.02

8.92

8.50

9.18

8.89

8.99

11.64

9.64

5.42 12.35 2.05 3.42 5.92 7.58 5.30 3.24 4.42

5.91 10.29 2.32 3.52 5.24 7.60 5.63 3.32 5.26

6.73 8.06 8.51 3.58 7.06 7.69 6.17 3.97 6.27

9.11 8.34 8.51 3.65 8.02 7.90 7.40 4.05 6.63

8.19 9.16 10.94 3.69 8.15 9.05 7.79 4.09 6.43

9.34 8.21 11.62 3.76 8.41 8.96 7.64 4.58 6.19

8.38 10.03 12.47 3.75 6.21 7.80 7.02 4.62 5.74

9.05 8.38 11.13 3.81 7.01 8.05 7.20 4.70 6.07

10.47 14.88 16.10 3.89 8.35 9.24 8.10 4.72 6.71

9.04 11.58 10.08 3.96 9.67 9.36 8.35 4.70 6.32

Source: Economic Review 2012

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The Main three sectors contribution to the GDP

Agriculture Sector
The growth rate of the agriculture sector in FY 2010-11 was provisionally estimated at 4.82 percent, this was 5.56 percent in FY2009-10 and was -.62 in FY 2001-02 which was stated that the condition of this sector was not good and nor good for the economy at that time. According to the provisional estimate, the crops and horticulture sub-sector of the agriculture sector is likely to grow by 5.04 percent in FY2010-11 compared to the growth of the previous fiscal year like in FY 2001-02, 2002-03,2003-04,2004-05 but it gained its high leve in FY 2009-10This growth was mainly attributed to increased Aus, Aman, Boro,Potato and Jute production. Total cereals (Aus, Aman, Boro and wheat) production was provisionally estimated at 347.96 lakh metric tones in FY2010-11, which were 332.26 lakh metric tones a year earlier. Production of potato has increased from 81.68 lakh metric tones in FY2009-10 to 83.26 lakh metrictonnes in FY201011, according to the provisional estimates. Jute production has also increased significantly from 50.90 lakh bales in FY2009-10 to 83.96 lakh bales in FY2010-11. The production of minor crops, which include pulses, spices, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables and tobacco, were expected to significant growth that of the preceding years levels. These minor crops contributed about 30 percent of the total output of the crop sub-sector. Among the non-crop agriculture sub-sectors, animal farming sub-sector was estimated to grow by 3.54percent in FY2010-11 which was 3.38 percent in the previous fiscal year. In addition, the expected growth rate of the forestry subsector was 5.35 percent in FY 2010-11 compared to 5.23 percent in the FY 2009-10. Total inland and marine catches in FY 2010-11 as estimated by the Directorate of Fisheries (DOF) was 3.00 million metric tones which was 6.61 percent higher than that of the previous fiscal year. The fishing sector was likely to grow by 4.44 percent in FY 2010-11 compared to the growth of 4.15 percent in FY 2009-10.

Industry sector
The broad industry sector was estimated to grow by 8.16 percent in FY2010-11 compared to the growth of 6.49 percent in FY2009-10. Within the broad industry sector, mining and quarrying sector was projected to grow at the rate of 4.85 percent in FY2010-11, which grew at 8.80 percent in FY2009-10.
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Among these sub-sectors, natural gas and crude petroleum and other mining sub-sectors would grow by 1.04 percent and 10.56 percent respectively in FY 2010-11 compared to the growth rates of 8.12 percent and 9.84 percent in the previous fiscal year which are relatively fair enough from the previous FY like FY 2001-02, 2002-03, 2003-04 but in FY 2008-09 it was increased at 10.90 percent. According to the Quantum Index of Industrial Production (QIP) of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, the growth rate of the production of large and medium scale manufacturing industries was in a good condition while we see that in FY 2001-02 4.16 and 10.69 percent in FY 2010-11. Production in these sectors, especially those relating to food items, industrial chemicals, other chemical products, petroleum refinery, other non-metallic mineral products and iron and steel industry showed moderate growth in the first six months of FY2010-11. Ready-made garments and knitwear showed remarkable growth in FY2010-11. Performance of other industries registered insignificant growth except sugar, carpet and rugs, paper and paper products, electrical machinery etc. which show a downward growth. Small and cottage industries showed a decreasing trend in production during the first half of FY2010-11 compared to the level of production of the same period of the previous fiscal year. It was expected that the small scale industries would achieve 7.34 percent growth in FY 2010-11 compared to 7.77 percent growth in FY 2009-10. The overall growth rate of manufacturing sector was estimated to be 9.51 percent in FY 2010-11. The overall growth rate of the power, gas and water supply sector is likely to be 5.96 percent in FY 2010-11 as compared to 7.28 percent in FY 2009-10. The growth rate of this sector declined due to decreased Production of natural gas. The overall construction sector was expected to achieve higher growth due to increased construction activities including public sector construction. The construction sector was estimated to grow by 6.37 percent during FY2010-11 against 6.01 percent growth in FY 2009-10.

Service Sector
The growth in service sector during FY2000-01 was broad-based and almost all the sectors within the broad service sector were estimated to grow moderately compared to the growth of the previous fiscal year. Higher growth in agriculture and industry and expansion of trade related activities helped maintain satisfactory growth in this sector. Among the sectors, the output of the wholesale and retail trade was expected to grow at 6.06 percent in FY2010-11
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compared to 5.87 percent growth in the previous fiscal year. This happened due to increased industrial production and imported commodities during the fiscal year. The transport, storage and communication sector was expected to achieve a growth rate of 7.93percent in FY 2010-11 while the growth rate of this sector was 7.69 percent in FY 2009-10. Post and telecommunication sub-sector are at the forefront with a growth of 17.63 percent in FY 2010-11. The growth rate in the real estate, ranting and business activities sector was provisionally estimated at 3.96 percent in FY 2010-11 compared to 3.89 percent growth in FY 2009-10. Among the other services sectors, the growth rate of public administration and defense, education, and health and social services were expected to grow at the rate of 9.56 percent, 9.47 percent and 8.30 percent respectively in FY 2010-11. Furthermore, in FY 2010-11, community, social and personal service sector was estimated to grow by4.75 percent, slightly higher than the growth rate of the previous fiscal year.

GDP growth rate at constant price

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Figure 01: GDP growth rate at constant price

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18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 gdp at constant price gdp at current price

Figure 02: GDP trends in both Current & Constant Price In here we see that the trends of GDP growth rate in Bangladesh. What we see is that the trends of GDP in constant price are in a condition of increased way but it was also decreased at certain FY 2008 and FY 2009 but then it was started to increase.

GNI per capita Income

GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. This page includes a historical data chart, news and forecasts for GNI per capita; Atlas method (US dollar) in Bangladesh.

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Table 08: GNI per Capita Income of Bangladesh (Current US$) Year Value 2000 380.00 2001 380.00 2002 380.00 2003 400.00 2004 440.00 2005 480.00 2006 500.00 2007 520.00 2008 570.00 2009 640.00 2010 700.00 Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Table 09: GNI per capita Income of Bangladesh (Constant US$) Year Value 2000 377.00 2001 390.71 2002 396.53 2003 406.84 2004 426.74 2005 446.71 2006 463.80 2007 483.52 2008 502.27 2009 523.98 2010 548.15 Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Table 10: GNI per capita growth (annual %) Year Value 2000 3.75 2001 3.64 2002 1.49 2003 2.60 2004 4.89 2005 4.68 2006 3.83 2007 4.25 2008 3.88 2009 4.32 2010 4.61 Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
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GNI per capita growth (annual %)

6 p e r c e n t a g e 5 4 3 2 1 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 year

Figure 06: GNI per capita growth In this figure what we see that the GNI per capita income of Bangladesh was existed in an averagely increased level. In FY 2000 it was 3.75 % which can be said well for that time being but after that it has decreased in the next three years in FY 2001, FY 2002 and FY 2003. But after these years the rate has again increased in a good way like 4.89 and 4.68 in FY 2004 and in FY 2005 respectively. Now the condition if this rate is can be said that average not in increase way nor in decrease but it might be increased as the per capita income of Bangladeshi people are increasing day by day.

Export and Import performance of Bangladesh Export

Table 17: Export performance of Bangladesh during FY 2000-01 to 2010-2011 (US$ millions)

Fiscal Year
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
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Export Target
5940 6405 7439 8565 10159 12500

Actual Export
5986.09 6548.44 7602.99 8654.52 10526.16 12177.86

2007-08 14500 2008-09 16298 2009-10 17600 2010-11 18500 Source: Export Promotion Bureau

14110.80 15565.19 16204.65 22924.38

Country-wise Export Earnings

An analysis of country-wise export earnings shows that USA is the main destination of our export. Table 6.4 shows that USA secured the top position in respect of importing commodities from Bangladesh in FY2010-11 followed by Germany (15.00%), UK (9.01 %) and France (6.71 %). During the period under report, goods valued at US$ 5107.52 million were exported to USA, which was 22.28 percent of the total Export earnings of the country. The major commodities exported to USA are woven garments, knitwear, Frozen food, cap, home textile etc. The countrywise export earnings are shown in Table 18. Table 18: Country wise Export Income Fiscal USA Germany UK year 598.18 FY01 2500.42 789.88 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10
2218.79 681.44 2155.00 820.72 1966.58 1298.54 2412.05 1353.80 3030.20 1764.11 3441.02 1955.38 3590.56 2174.81 4052.00 2269.70 3950.47 2187.35 647.96 778.25 898.21 943.17

(US millions) Netherlands Canada Japan Others total

125.66 109.85 170.26 284.33 335.25 406.15 457.21 532.90 663.20 648.19 107.58 96.13 108.03 118.16 122.41 137.78 147.47 172.56 202.60 330.55 1101.69 6467.00 1061.08 5986.00 1270.81 6548.00 1550.90 7603.00 1875.12 8654.52 2349.45 10526.16 2860.58 12177.86 3591.31 14110.80 3849.33 15565.19 4522.33 16204.65

France Belgium Italy

365.99 413.69 418.51 552.96 626.17 253.91 211.39 289.48 326.95 325.43 359.20 435.82 488.39

295.73 327.96 262.31 283.36 258.99 277.95 315.93 290.44 369.18 291.94 425.75 327.40 515.66 459.01 579.23 653.88 615.51 970.80 623.92 1016.88

1048.62 677.50 1173.95 731.76 1374.03 953.13

1501.20 1031.05 409.80 1508.54 1025.88 390.54

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FY11

5107.52 3438.70

2065.38 1537.98 666.24

866.42 1107.13

944.67

434.12

6756.22 22924.38

Source: Export Promotion Bureau Import

In terms of the value of total imported commodities, China secured the top position in FY 2010-11.During this period, 17.58 percent of the total imported commodities came from China. India was the second largest source of import (13.57 percent of total import) while Malaysia, Japan and Singapore held the third, fourth and fifth position (5.23, 3.89 and 3.84 percent to total import) respectively. In FY2010-11, the total import payment rose to US$ 33,658 million from US$ 23,738 million in the previous year. Table 20 shows the country-wise import payments during FY 2000-01 to FY2010-11.

Table 19: Import performance of Bangladesh

Fiscal Year 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-09 2009-10 2010-11 Source: Export Bureau Promotion Table 20: Annual Growth of Import 9335 8540 9658 10903 13147 14746 17157 21629 22507 23738 33658 Import

Year 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05

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Annual Growth of Import 11.50 -8.50 13.10 12.90 20.60

2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-20

12.20 8.30 27.56 4.10 5.50 (In Million US$)

South Korea 411 USA Malaysia Others Totals

Table 20: Country-wise Import Payments

Fiscal Year 2000-01 China India Singapor Japa e n 824 846 Hong Kong 478 Taiwa n 412

709

1184

248

148

4075

9335

2001-02

878

1019

871

655

441

312

346

261

145

3612

8540

2002-03

938

1358

1000

605

433

328

333

223

169

4271

9658

2003-04

1198

1602

911

552

433

377

420

226

255

4929

10903

2004-05

1642

2030

888

559

565

439

426

329

276

276

13147

2005-06

2079

1868

849

651

626

473

489

345

302

7064

14746

2006-07

2571

2268

1035

690

747

473

553

380

334

8106

17157

2007-08

3137

3393

1273

832

821

478

620

490

451

10134

21629

2008-09

3452

2864

1768

1015

851

498

864

461

703

10031

22507

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2009-10

3819

3214

1550

1046

788

542

839

469

1232

10239

23738

2010-11

5918

4569

1294

1308

777

731

1124

677

1760

15500

33658

Source: Bangladesh Bank.

The import payments as well as the export earnings slightly decreased due to global recession in the first quarter of FY 2009-10 but the foreign exchange reserve remained adequate because of remittance sent by the expatriate Bangladeshis. Besides, the growth- oriented policies, efficient management of the monetary policy tools (repo, reverse repo etc.) by the government and timely interference in the money market by Bangladesh Bank made the exchange rate clam. In FY201011, the demand for foreign currency increased due to decline in the remittance inflow and growing import payments which resulted in slight depreciation of taka against dollar. The weighted average exchange rate stood at Taka 73.88 per Dollar in FY2010-11, which was Taka 69.43 per Dollar in FY2009-10. The weighted average exchange rate during FY2001-02 to FY2010-11 is showing Table 21 below.

Table 21: Average Exchange Rate (Taka per US$)

Year Average Exchange Rate FY02 57.43 FY03 57.90 FY04 58.94 FY05 61.39 FY06 67.08 FY07 69.03 FY08 68.60 FY09 68.80 FY10 69.43 FY11 73.88

Exchange rate and inflation Exchange rate

Consumer Price Index and Inflation Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) computes National Consumer Price Index (CPI) using food and non-food commodities and services consumed by the consumers in their day-to-day life. The current CPI has been constructed using 1995-96 as the base year. In order to construct the price index, the commodity and weight of the index basket from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), 1995-96 are used. All rural and urban price indices were compiled using the lists of consumer goods of rural and urban households based on the survey. And finally, the national price index has been computed by taking into account the weighted average of consumption expenditures of the two areas. All indices are shown separately in food and non25 | P a g e

food groups which are again divided into a number of sub groups. Consumer Price Index and inflation during FY 2001-02 to FY 2010-11 are shown in Table 05

Table 05: Consumer price index and Inflation

Index General (% Change ) Food (% Change) Non-food (% Change) 2001-02 130.26 (2.79) 132.43 (1.63) 127.89 (4.61) 2002-03 135.97 (4.38) 137.01 (3.46) 135.13 (5.66) 2003-04 143.90 (5.83) 146.50 (6.93) 141.03 (4.37) 2004-05 153.23 (6.48) 158.08 (7.91) 147.14 (4.33) 200506 164.21 (7.17) 170.34 (7.76) 156.56 (6.40) 200607 176.06 (7.22) 184.18 (8.12) 165.79 (5.90) 200708 193.54 (9.93) 206.79 (12.28) 176.26 (6.32) 200809 206.43 (6.66) 221.64 (7.18) 186.67 (5.91) 2009-10 221.53 (7.31) 240.55 (8.53) 196.84 (5.45) 2010-11 241.02 (8.80) 267.83 (11.34) 205.01 (4.15)

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

Rate of Inflaiton (Naitonal)

14 12 10 Axis Title 8 6 4 2 0 general food non-food

Figure 03: Rate of Inflation (National) The rate of inflation (national) in FY 2010-11 stood at 8.80 percent which was 7.31 percent in the previous fiscal year. From the above table and graph, it is observed that there has been an increasing trend of inflation from FY 2001-02 to FY 2007-08. In FY 2008-09 the rate of inflation came down but in FY 2009-10 the rate increased again and continued in 2010-11. During 201011 food inflation was higher than non-food inflation. It is to be noted that the weight of food and

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non-food item in the urban-CPI are 48.8 percent and 51.2 percent and that in rural-CPI 62.96 percent and 37.04 percent respectively. The rate of inflation at the national level in July, 2010 was 7.26 percent on a point-to -point basis. After assumption of office, the present government has taken initiatives to lower the price level and to keep the prices of essential commodities such as rice, edible oil, pulse etc. stable. Despite that, due to the price hike of essential consumer goods in the international market the rate of inflation stood at 10.17 percent in June, 2011. During this period, food inflation rose to 12.51 percent in June from 8.72 percent in July showing a sharp increase.

Table 06: Trends of inflation rate in Bangladesh

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Inflation, average
2.483 1.908 3.719 5.361 6.103 7.04 6.77 9.109 8.9 5.426 8.126

consumer prices

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Trends of inflation rate in Bangladesh in last 10 years

Trends of inflaiton rate

10 p e r c e n t a g e 8 6 4 2 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Figure 04: Trends of inflation rate over 10 years

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Inflation Rate in Bangladesh is reported by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. In this context Bangladesh Inflation Rate averaged 2.483 in FY2000 and 8.126 percent in 2010 Percent in Bangladesh; the inflation rate measures a broad rise or fall in prices that consumers pay for a standard basket of goods. This page includes a chart with historical data for Bangladesh Inflation Rate. The rate of inflation in is increasing mood because as we see from the table 06 that in FY2000, FY 2001 and FY 2002 the inflation rate was not so high it was in a control mood but after that it became increased over 5 and started to grow gradually year by year which is not good for the country like Bangladesh. But in FY 2009 it was decreased at certain point but again started to increase later.

Exchange Rate
The USDBDT spot exchange rate specifies how much one currency, the USD, is currently worth in terms of the other, the BDT. While the USDBDT spot exchange rate is quoted and exchanged in the same day, the USDBDT forward rate is quoted today but for delivery and payment on a specific future date. This page includes a chart with historical data for USDBDT - Bangladeshi Taka Exchange rate. More than a decade Bangladesh pursued a flexible exchange rate policy. Beforehand, the exchange rate of Taka used to be attuned from time to time to keep it competitive based on the rate of inflation and movement of exchange rates as well as trade weights with partner countries. Introduction of free float exchange rate since May 2003 did not fetch in any major instability in the economy so far. Although, the US dollar linger stronger against Taka during the period of late 2003 through April 2004 but the situation after that did not aggravate and the value of Taka remained stable between May 2004 to August 2004. Since August 2004 Taka showed stability and from August 2004 to March 2005 Taka showed some resilience against US Dollar. Despite the rapid development of private sector with increasing credit flow; much higher growth in import of capital machinery and primary goods due to devastating flood and hike of the oil price in international market were mainly responsible for the fluctuation of exchange rate. Due to constant monitor and supervision by the central bank of Bangladesh and booster of greenback into foreign exchange market the exchange rate remained stable. On June 30, 2004 the official and interbank market exchange rate of Taka-Dollar remained firm, whereas, the value of Taka was 59.30 and 61.50 correspondingly. Even though, in open market the dollar was charged comparatively more than interbank market exchange rate. However, on June 30, 2004 the exchange rate of dollar was moving upward slightly from Tk. 61.00 to 62.20 in this market. The exchange rates of Taka per US Dollar during the last decade is presented in the graph.

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Table 07: Exchange Rate Year

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

Exchange Rate (Equal to 1$)

53.9592 57.4347 57.9000 58.9353 61.3939 67.0797 69.0318 68.6019 68.8012 69.1848 71.1719 77.7200

Source: Bangladesh Bank

Exchange Rate
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 t 10 o 0 E q u a l 1 $

Exchange rate

Year

Figure 05: Exchange Rate In this particular figure we see that the exchange rate of Bangladeshi money (BD TK) change several times the value of USD is increasing day by day in Bangladesh. In FY 2000-01 the exchange rate of USD in BD taka was around 53 and gradually It was started to increase and still now it is in a mood of getting up and down.

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FDI in Bangladesh
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is considered as one of the crucial ingredients for fostering economic development of a developing country. Countries that are lagging behind to attract FDI are formulating and implementing new policies for attracting more investment. Even compared to other South Asian countries, FDI inflow to Bangladesh has traditionally been lower. The future outlook of FDI is grim. Based on the recent years performance, it is predictable that the share of FDI as percentage of GDP may decline by widening gaps between the projected medium term targets by the government and the actual receipts of the inflow. The FDI inflows as percentage of total investment may decline further. Table 11: Foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$) Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Source: Bangladesh Bank Table 12: Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (BoP current US$) Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Value $280,384,600.00 $78,527,040.00 $52,339,470.00 $268,285,200.00 $448,905,400.00 $813,322,000.00 $697,206,300.00 $652,818,700.00 $1,009,623,000.00 $713,383,100.00 $916,907,200.00 Value $280,384,600.00 $78,527,040.00 $49,662,440.00 $265,507,400.00 $444,836,600.00 $811,382,100.00 $697,206,300.00 $652,818,700.00 $1,009,623,000.00 $713,383,100.00 $916,648,500.00

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Table 13: Recent trends in FDI in Bangladesh (US$ millions) FY 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 Source: Bangladesh Bank
1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

Value 385.2 393.8 393.8 284.1 803.8 744.6 792.8 768.7 960.6 342.2

Figure 07: Recent trends in FDI in Bangladesh (US$ millions)

There is n regular trend in the flow of FDI. The flow of FDI increased at staggering rate 47.16 and 182.86 in FY 2000-01 and FY 2004-05 respectively than that of FY 1996-97, 1999-00 and FY 2003-04. The flow of FDI totals at USD 563.93 million and 803.78 million in FY 2001-02 and in FY 2004-05 respectively. After FY 2004-05 the flow of FDI declined in the next three fiscal years. The country received and amount of USD 960.59 million in FY 2008-09 but witnessed a fall in flow of FDI in next fiscal years. It is to be noted that the flow of FDI in Bangladesh has traditionally been lower, even comparing with the other south Asian countries. Considering FY 1996-97 as the base year the statistics
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shows that FY 2011-12 might be a net FDI receipt of USD 806.52 million. If the current trends of FDI persist, the country might receive USD 888.96 million in FY 2014-15 and the growth of FDI might be only 3.19 percent. There was a significant jump of from FY 2003-04 and 2004-05 but after that the incremental growth is neither significant nor adequate.

Balance of Payments
Trade balance recorded a deficit of US$ 7328 million in FY2010-11 as compared to the deficit of US$ 5155 million in FY2009-10. In this period, growth rates of exports and imports were 41.74 percent and 41.84 percent respectively, but the trade deficit increased due to larger base of imports though the growth rates are very proximate. The current account balance stands at US$ 995 million while it was US$ 3724 million in the previous fiscal year. Services, trade faced set back during this period as deficits increased 94.48 percent, 42.15 percent and the deficit of income decreased 9 percent while the growth of current transfers was 4.13 percent . As a result, current account surplus shrank drastically. During this period, the overall balance had a deficit of US$ 635 million whereas there was surplus of US$ 2865 million in the last fiscal year. Balance of payments of the fiscal years between 2001 and 2011 is shown in the table.

Table 14: Balance Of payments in Current account US$

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Source: Bangladesh Bank Value ($305,831,600.00) ($535,424,700.00) $739,250,300.00 $131,637,600.00 ($278,679,400.00) ($176,224,700.00) $1,196,063,000.00 $856,879,600.00 $926,185,400.00 $3,556,126,000.00 $2,108,503,000.00

Table 15: Balance of payments in Current account (% GDP) Year 2000 2001
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Value -0.65 -1.14

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Source: Bangladesh Bank

1.55 0.25 -0.49 -0.29 1.93 1.25 1.16 3.98 2.10

Balance of payments in Current account (% GDP)

5 p 4 e r 3 c 2 e 1 n 0 t -1 a g -2 e

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005 year

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Figure 08: Balance of payments in Current account (% GDP)

Balance of trade
Bangladesh recorded a trade deficit of 814.10 USD Million in January of 2013. Balance of Trade in Bangladesh is reported by the Bangladesh Bank. Historically, from 1995 until 2013, Bangladesh Balance of Trade averaged -1189.48 USD Million reaching an all time high of 56.40 USD Million in August of 2009 and a record low of -5370.60 USD Million in June of 2008. Bangladesh exports mainly ready made garments including knit wear and hosiery (75% of exports revenue). Others include: Shrimps, jute goods (including Carpet), leather goods and tea. Bangladesh main exports partners are United States (23% of total), Germany, United Kingdom, France, Japan and India. Bangladesh imports mostly petroleum product and oil, machinery and parts, soyabean and palm oil, raw cotton, iron and steel and wheat. Bangladesh main imports partners are China (17% of total), India, Indonesia, Singapore and Japan. This page includes a chart with historical data for Bangladesh Balance of Trade.
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Table 16: Balance of Trade

Year
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Source: Bangladesh Bank

Value
-1784.4 -1934.2 -1699.9 -2143.4 -2209.9 -3177.6 -2745.5 -3263.1 -5370.6 -4726.2 -880.2 -1550

Balance of Trade
3000 2000 1000 0 -1000 -2000 -3000 -4000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Figure 09: Balance of Trade of Bangladesh since 2000-2011 Conclusion

Bangladesh is a developing country. Its economic growth is in a good condition to improve in future but that would need the proper utilization of the macroeconomic factors of Bangladesh. Because one country particularly depends on its macroeconomic factors like GDP,GNP,Per capita income, saving and investment, inflation, exchange rate, foreign reserve etc so when ever this factor are in a highly developed position then the economic growth is seems to be vey much possible. As Bangladesh is a developing country this factory also increasing but sometime faces the difficult to increase which has a huge on the national economy like political turmoil, climate. But in an overall view Bangladesh is not in a bad position. And it has much opportunity for being developed country.

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References:
Economic review of Bangladesh 2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2005 (12.03.2013/15.03.2013/18.03.2013) (12.03.2013;12.40 am) www.bdresearch.org.bd/home/attachments/.../MEU_Feb_2012.pdf www.ierb-bd.org/wp.../10/FDI-Arif-billah-Revised-08-03-2012.pdf www.scribd.com Research Business & Economics http://sonjibtalukder.wordpress.com/2011/08/11/%E2%80%9Cproblems-andprospects-of-foreign-direct-investment-in-bangladesh/ www.tradingeconomics.com/bangladesh/balance-of-trade http://www.scribd.com/doc/102662960/International-Business-AssignmentBalance-of-Trade-and-Balance-of-Payment-With-Special-Reference-ofBangladesh http://www.boi.gov.bd/index.php/about-bangladesh/bangladesh-at-a-glance (28.03.2013 ;1.35 pm) http://www.unnayan.org/reports/meu/nov_12/MEU%20Nov%202012.pdf(19.0 3.2013;9.31pm) http://www.mof.gov.bd/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=72 (21.03.2013;9.42am) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh(28.03.2013; 1.30am) http://www.tradingeconomics.com/bangladesh/gdp-growth(22.03.2013;3.10 pm) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Bureau_of_Statistics(25.03.2013;1.1 0am) http://www.bbs.gov.bd/home.aspx(15.03.2013;12.35 am) http://www.bangladesh-bank.org/(16.03.201310.35pm) www.indexmundi.com ... Countries Bangladesh Economy http://cpd.org.bd/html/Research_IRBD.asp http://www.academia.edu/721976/A_case_study_of_Bangladesh_Inflation_Unemployment_Growth_Trend www.unnayan.org/reports/beu_July_10.pdf

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