UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO MISSISSAUGA Department of Political Science POL 208Y5 Y Introduction to International Relations (Summer 2012)

Instructor: Dr. Mark Yaniszewski Class Time: Mon. and Wed. 2-4 pm Classroom: IB 245 Office: DV 3249 Office Hours: Mon. + Wed. 1-2 pm (or by appointment)

E-mail: mark.yaniszewski@utoronto.ca You MUST use your official UTM e-mail account to send to this account. Unfortunately, other accounts (e.g., Hotmail and Gmail) are frequently blocked by the UTM spam filter causing messages to be undelivered. Overview What causes war? How can peace be achieved and sustained? What is the nature of international society and order? What trends are emerging in international affairs as we begin a new century? The main purpose of this course is to provide the conceptual and theoretical tools to understand and study world affairs in order to address these questions. This course will critically access the nature and role of actors, institutions, and political and economic forces in shaping world events. This course consists of lectures and separate tutorial sessions (the latter run by a teaching assistant). Students will be marked separately on their tutorial participation. Distribution of Marks Students will be graded on the basis of the following requirements: two in-class tests (15% each), tutorials (20%), a scholarly research essay (25%), and a final examination (25%). [Note: The teaching assistant(s) are responsible for determining how grades will be awarded in the tutorials and will communicate their methodology to their students.] Writing Assignment A detailed list of assigned topics and other requirements for the writing assignment will be handed out as a separate handout in class. This assignment MUST be handed in directly to the instructor or teaching assistant(s) during class, tutorials, or during office hours on or before Wednesday July 25 th. No other arrangements are permitted (e.g., the assignment may not be submitted by e-mail nor may it be slipped under a door nor are assignments to be dropped in the essay drop box). Late papers will be penalized by 15% and papers handed in after Monday July 30 th

will receive an automatic grade of 0%. Due Date: On or Before Wednesday July 25th (No Late Penalty) Late Papers: Accepted Until Monday July 30th (15% Penalty) No Longer Accepted Papers: After July 30th (Automatic Grade of 0%) Note: The late penalty is a flat rate penalty . Papers five minutes late, one day late, five days late, or any variation therein receive the same 15% penalty. Late penalties will only be waived in the case of illness (or similar serious circumstances) and will require proper documentation (e.g., a doctor's note). Otherwise, extensions will not normally be granted (e.g., forgetting to buy a new ink cartridge or letting the dog eat your homework do not constitute a legitimate excuse for not completing the assignment on time). Important Notices (i) Use of Electronic Devices University is a place to do work. And work time is not the time to play games, chat, listen to music, send text messages, or participate in similar recreational activities. Consequently, as a courtesy to the instructor, the teaching assistants, and other students, the use of cell phones, iPods, PDAs, and other electronic devices for recreational purposes during lectures and tutorials is strictly forbidden. Students violating this rule will be subject to sanctions including, but not limited to, being asked to leave the classroom. Only in exceptional circumstances (e.g., world renowned brain surgeons on call at the emergency room of a local hospital) will this policy be waived. (ii) Written Assignments All students should also keep a duplicate copy of their assignments. Students must also note that it is a serious academic offense to hand in the same assignment to two or more courses or to pass off another person's work as their own (i.e., plagiarism). At the discretion of the instructor, students may be required to pass a brief oral examination on their assignment and/or show their rough work before a final assignment grade is determined. A detailed statement on plagiarism what it is and how to avoid it is attached to the end of this handout. (iii) Failure to Complete Course Requirements Students must complete all course requirements. Failure to do so (e.g., missing an examination without cause) will subject the student to the relevant Departmental and University regulations (e.g., possibly failing the course.) (iv) Make-Up Tests (Excluding Final Exams) As stated in the UTM Academic Calendar, students who miss a term test for reasons entirely beyond their control may, within one week of the missed test, submit to the instructor a written request for special consideration explaining the reason for missing the test, and attaching appropriate documentation, such as a medical certificate. If a written request with documentation cannot be submitted within one week, the instructor may consider a request to extend the time limit. No student is automatically

entitled to a second makeup test. (v) Notice of Collection (e.g., Privacy) The University of Toronto respects your privacy. The information on medical certificates is collected pursuant to section 2(14) of the University of Toronto Act, 1971. It is collected for the purpose of administering accommodations for academic purposes based on medical grounds. The department will maintain a record of all medical certificates received. At all times it will be protected in accordance with the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act. If you have questions, please refer to www.utoronto.ca/privacy or contact the Universitys Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Office at 416-946-5835. Address: Room 201, McMurrich Bldg., 12 Queens Park Crescent, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1. (vi) Final Exams Final examinations will be held during the regular examination period as set by the Registrars Office. Except in the case of serious medical (or similar) problems, substitute examinations will normally not be given. (vii) Accessibility Students with diverse learning styles and needs are welcome in this course. In particular, if you have a disability/health consideration that may require accommodations, please feel free to approach the Instructor and/or the AccessAbility Resource Centre as soon as possible. AccessAbility staff (located in Rm 2047, South Building) are available by appointment to assess specific needs, provide referrals and arrange appropriate accommodations. Please call 905-569-4699 or email access.utm@utoronto.ca. The sooner you let us know your needs the quicker we can assist you in achieving your learning goals in this course. Required Text There is no textbook for this course. Most course readings are available as e-journal or ebook downloads from the UTM library collection or they are available on-line direct from the publisher. If you have never accessed e-journals or e-books before, the instructor, TAs, or any reference librarian can show you how. A small number of additional readings are available as paper copies at the Librarys Reserve Desk. Note that in the case of Reserve Desk materials, only one copy may be placed on reserve due to Canadian copyright restrictions. To avoid disappointment, students are encouraged not to wait until the last moment to access these materials. Lecture Schedule This lecture schedule is approximate and classes may at times be slightly ahead or behind this schedule. The date and time of the tests will not, however, change.

Part I: General Theoretical Perspectives Lecture 1: May 7 Course Overview / Realism No additional readings. Lecture 2: May 9 Realism Martin Griffiths, Steven C. Roach, and M. Scott Solomon, Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations, 2nd ed. (London: Routledge, 2009), pp. 9-16, 30-36, and 50-64. [E-Book] Lecture 3: May 14 Liberalism Martin Griffiths, Steven C. Roach, and M. Scott Solomon, Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations, 2nd ed. (London: Routledge, 2009), pp. 73-81 and 105114. [E-Book] Lecture 4: May 16 Liberalism / Additional Theoretical Perspectives Martin Griffiths, Steven C. Roach, and M. Scott Solomon, Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations, 2nd ed. (London: Routledge, 2009), pp. 171-178, 287294, and 302-307. [E-Book] (No lecture or tutorials Monday May 21st due to the Victoria Day Long Weekend) Lecture 5: May 23 Additional Theoretical Perspectives Martin Griffiths, Steven C. Roach, and M. Scott Solomon, Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations, 2nd ed. (London: Routledge, 2009), pp. 186-193 and 265272. [E-Book] Part II: Contemporary Issues in Political Economy Lecture 6: May 28 The Mixed Legacy of Foreign Aid (I) Michael A. Clemens and Todd J. Moss, Ghost of 0.7%: Origins and Relevance of the International Aid Target, Working Paper no. 68 (Washington: Centre for Global Development, 2005). <http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/3822> Tutorial No. 1 Theme: Introductory Session The specific organization of future sessions, expectations, grading format, and so forth will be covered by Teaching Assistant(s). Lecture 7: May 30 The Mixed Legacy of Foreign Aid (II) Commitment to Development Index: 2010 [Brief] (Washington: Centre for Global Development, 2010). <http://www.cgdev.org/section/initiatives/_active/cdi/inside> For a more detailed description of the various factors that go into the

Commitment to Development Index, you may wish to skim the following: David Roodman et al, Commitment to Development Index: 2010 Edition [Technical Paper] (Washington: Centre for Global Development, 2010). <http://www.cgdev.org/section/initiatives/_active/cdi/inside> Tutorial No. 2 Theme: Writing the Perfect Essay No regular tutorials on this day. Instead, for this day only both tutorial sections will meet from 12:45 to 2:00. The location of this combined tutorial session will likely be the classroom although this may change depending on room availability. (Any changes will be announced in class.) Lecture 8: June 4 The IMF and the World Bank: Good, Bad, or Indifferent? Graham Bird, IMF programs: Do They Work? Can They be Made to Work Better? World Development, Vol. 29, No. 11 (November 2001), pp. 1849-1865. [E-Journal] Kenneth Rogoff, The IMF Strikes Back, Foreign Policy, No. 134 (JanuaryFebruary 2003), pp. 38-47. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 3 Theme: Does Foreign Aid Need to Be Fixed? Can It be Fixed? Charles Kenny, Why Are We Worried About Income? Nearly Everything that Matters is Converging, World Development, Vol. 33, No. 1 (January 2005), pp. 1-19. (E-Journal) William Easterly and Tobias Pfutze, Where Does the Money Go? Best and Worst Practices in Foreign Aid, Global Economy & Development Working Paper No. 21 (Washington: The Brookings Institution, 2008). <http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/papers/2008/06_foreign_aid_easterly/ 06_foreign_aid_easterly.pdf> Lecture 9: June 6 Test No. 1

Tutorial No tutorials due to test. Lecture 10: June 11 Economic Sanctions Robert A. Pape, Why Economic Sanctions Do Not Work, International Security, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Fall 1997), pp. 90-136. [E-Journal] Focus on main article and skim the lengthy appendix. Andrew Mack and Asif Khan, The Efficacy of UN Sanctions, Security Dialogue, Vol. 31, No. 3 (September 2000), pp. 279-292. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 4

Theme: The IMF and the World Bank: Good, Bad, or Indifferent? See Lecture 8. No additional readings. Part III: International Law Lecture 11: June 13 Waging War: Legal and Moral Issues Paul Christopher, The Ethics of War & Peace: An Introduction to Legal and Moral Issues, 2nd ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1999), pp. 81-103. (Reserve Desk) Tutorial No. 5 Theme: Can Economic Sanctions Work? Kimberly Ann Elliot, The Sanctions Glass: Half Full or Completely Empty? International Security, Vol. 23, No. 1 (Summer 1998), pp. 50-65. [E-Journal] Robert A. Pape, Why Economic Sanctions Still Do Not Work, International Security, Vol. 23, No. 1 (Summer 1998), pp. 66-77. [E-Journal] Lecture 12: June 18 The International Criminal Court Susie Linfield, Trading Truth for Justice, Boston Review [On-Line Edition] (Summer 2000), pp. 1-14. < http://bostonreview.net/BR25.3/linfield.html> Tutorial No. 6 Theme: Why is the World Becoming More Peaceful? Human Security Report Project, Human Security Report 2009/10: The Causes of Peace and the Shrinking Costs of War , Ed. Andrew Mack (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), pp. 21-34. < http://www.hsrgroup.org/human-security-reports/20092010/text.aspx> (Study Break June 19-July 8. No lectures. No tutorials.) Lecture 13: July 9 Unconventional War: Terrorism Human Security Report Project, Human Security Brief 2007, Ed. Andrew Mack (Vancouver: Simon Fraser University, 2008), pp. 8-21. < http://www.hsrgroup.org/human-security-reports/2007/overview.aspx> Tutorial No. 7 Theme: Truth and Reconciliation vs. International Tribunals Lyn S. Graybill, Pardon, Punishment, and Amnesia: Three African Post-Conflict Methods, Third World Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 6 (September 2004), pp. 11171130. [E-Journal] Benjamin Schiff, The ICCs Potential for Doing Bad When Pursuing Good, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 26, No. 1 (Spring 2012), pp. 73-81. [EJournal] Part IV: Contemporary Issues of War and Peace

Lecture 14: July 11 Nuclear Weapons (I) Peter Gizewski, From Winning Weapon to Destroyer of Worlds: The Nuclear Taboo in International Politics, International Journal, Vol. LI, No. 3 (Summer 1996), pp. 397-419. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 8 Theme: Does Terrorism Work? Max Abrahms, Why Terrorism Does Not Work, International Security, Vol. 31, No. 2 (Fall 2006), pp. 42-78. [E-Journal] William Rose and Rysia Murphy plus Max Abrahms, Does Terrorism Ever Work? The 2004 Madrid Train Bombings [Correspondence], International Security, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Summer 2007), pp. 185-192. [E-Journal] Lecture 15: July 16 Nuclear Weapons (II) Nina Tannerwald, Stigmatizing the Bomb: Origins of the Nuclear Taboo, International Security, Vol. 29, No. 4 (Spring 2005), pp. 5-49. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 9 Theme: Will More States Acquire Nuclear Weapons? Should We Care? Scott D. Sagan, The Causes of Nuclear Weapons Proliferation, Annual Review of Political Science, Vol. 14 (June 2011), pp. 225-244. [E-Journal] Kenneth N. Waltz, More May Be Better, in The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: A Debate Renewed, eds. Scott D. Sagan and Kenneth N. Waltz (New York: W.W. Norton, 2003), pp. 3-45. [Reserve Desk] Lecture 16: July 18 Test No. 2 Tutorial No tutorials due to test. Lecture 17: July 23 The History and Evolution of UN Peacekeeping (I) Jocelyn Coulon and Michel Liegeois, Whatever Happened to Peacekeeping? The Future of a Tradition (Calgary: Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute, 2010), pp. 1-18. <http://www.cdfai.org/PDF/Whatever%20Happened%20to%20Peacekeeping %20The%20Future%20of%20a%20Tradition%20-%20English.pdf> A. Walter Dorn, Canadian Peacekeeping: Proud Tradition, Strong Future? Canadian Foreign Policy, Vol. 12, No. 2 (Fall 2005), pp. 7-32. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 10 Theme: Will Iran Get the Bomb? Does It Matter? Vali Nasr and Ray Takeyh, The Costs of Containing Iran: Washington's Misguided New Middle East Policy, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87, No. 1 (January-

February 2008), pp. 85-94. [E-Journal] Jeffrey Goldberg, The Point of No Return, Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 306, No. 2 (September 2010), pp. 56-69. [E-Journal] Lecture 18: July 25 The History and Evolution of UN Peacekeeping (II) No additional Readings. Tutorial No tutorials (essay due date). Lecture 19: July 30 When Peacekeeping Goes Wrong Romeo Dallaire (with Brent Beardsley), Shake Hands with the Devil: The Failure of Humanity in Rwanda (Toronto: Random House Canada, 2003), pp. 510-522. [Reserve Desk] Peter Uvin, Reading the Rwandan Genocide, International Studies Review, Vol. 3, No. 3 (Fall 2001), pp. 75-99. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 11 Theme: Should Conflicts be Allowed to Burn Themselves Out? Edward N. Luttwak, Give War a Chance, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 78, No. 4 (JulyAugust 1999), pp. 36-44. [E-Journal] Lecture 20: August 1 Is Canada a Peacekeeping Nation? J.L. Granatstein, Fatal Distraction: Lester Pearson and the Unwarranted Primacy of Peacekeeping [Book Excerpt], Policy Options, Vol. 25, No. 5 (May 2004), pp. 67-73. [E-Journal] Alistair D. Edga, Canadas Changing Participation in International Peacekeeping and Peace Enforcement: What, If Anything, Does It Mean? Canadian Foreign Policy, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Fall 2002), pp. 107-157. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 12 Theme: Should the UN Hire Its Own Army as Peacekeepers? Damian Lilly, The Privatization of Peacekeeping: Prospects and Realities, Disarmament Forum, No. 3 (2000), pp. 53-62. [E-Journal] (Also available at http://unidir.org/pdf/articles/pdf-art135.pdf) David Shearer, Outsourcing War, Foreign Policy, No. 112 (Fall 1998), pp. 6881. [E-Journal] (Civic Holiday August 6th. No lectures. No tutorials.) Lecture 21: August 8 Fighting Under the UN Banner (I) Denis Stairs, The United Nations and the Politics of the Korean War,

International Journal, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Spring 1970), pp. 302-320. [E-Journal] Eric Grove, UN Armed Forces and the Military Staff Committee: A Look Back, International Security, Vol. 17, No. 4 (Spring 1993), pp. 172-182. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 13 Theme: Could the International Community have Saved Rwanda? Alan J. Kuperman, Rwanda in Retrospect, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 79, No. 1 (January-February 2000), pp. 94-118. [E-Journal] Samantha Power, Bystanders to Genocide: Why the United States Let the Rwandan Tragedy Happen, Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 288, No. 2 (September 2001), pp. 84-107. [E-Journal] Lecture 22: August 13 No additional readings. Fighting Under the UN Banner (II)

Tutorial No. 14 Theme: The War in Kosovo. Was It Legal? Was It Moral? John M. Fraser, The Kosovo Quagmire. What are the Issues? Should We Care? International Journal, Vol. LIII, No. 4 (Autumn 1998), pp. 601-608. [E-Journal] Paul Heinbecker, Human Security, Canadian Foreign Policy, Vol. 7, No. 1 (Fall 1999), pp. 19-25. [E-Journal] Albert Legault, NATO Intervention in Kosovo: The Legal Context, Canadian Military Journal, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring 2000), pp. 63-66. [E-Journal] Lecture 23: August 15 Humanitarian Interventions (I) Gareth Evans and Mohamed Sahnoun The Responsibility to Protect, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 81, No. 6 (November-December 2001), pp. 99-110. [E-Journal] Tutorial No. 15 Theme: Is It Time to End the War in Afghanistan? Richard W. Miller, The Ethics of Americas Afghan War, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Summer 2011), pp. 103-131. [E-Journal] Fernando R. Tesn, Enabling Monsters: A Reply to Professor Miller, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Summer 2011), pp. 165-182. [E-Journal] Lecture 24: August 20 No additional readings. Humanitarian Interventions (II)

Tutorial No. 16 Theme: Was Overthrowing the Libyan Regime the Right Thing to Do? Ian Hurd, Is Humanitarian Intervention Legal? The Rule of Law in an Incoherent

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World, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 3 (Fall 2011), pp. 293-313. [E-Journal] Michael Walzer, The Case Against Our Attacks on Libya, New Republic [OnLine Edition] (March 20, 2011). <http://www.tnr.com/article/world/85509/the-case-against-our-attack-libya> Saskia van Genugten, Libya After Gadhafi, Survival, Vol. 53, No. 3 (June-July 2011), pp. 61-74. [E-Journal] ***

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A WARNING ABOUT PLAGIARISM

Plagiarism is an academic offence with a severe penalty. It is essential that you understand what plagiarism is and that you do not commit it. In essence, it is the theft of the thoughts or words of others, without giving proper credit. You must put others words in quotation marks and cite your source(s). You must give citations when using others ideas, even if those ideas are paraphrased in your own words. Plagiarism is unacceptable in a university. The University of Toronto provides a process that faculty members must initiate when they suspect a case of plagiarism. In the Department of Political Science, suspected evidence of plagiarism must be reported to the Chairman. A faculty member may not mark an assignment or assess a penalty if he or she finds evidence of plagiarism the matter must be reported. The Chairman, or Dean, will assess the penalty. The following are some examples of plagiarism: 1. Submitting as your own an assignment written by someone else. 2. Quoting an author without indicating the source of the words. 3. Using words, sentences, or paragraphs written by someone else and failing to place quotation marks around the material and reference the source and author. Using either quotation marks or reference alone is not sufficient. Both must be used! 4. Adapting an authors ideas or theme and using it as your own without referencing the original source. 5. Seeking assistance from a friend or family member in respect to work you claim as your own. If you are not sure whether you have committed plagiarism, it is better to ask a faculty member than risk discovery and be forced to accept an academic penalty. Plagiarism is cheating. It is considered a serious offence against intellectual honesty and intellectual property. Penalties for an undergraduate can be severe. At a minimum, a student is likely to receive a 0 mark for the assignment or test in question. But a further penalty is often assessed, such as a further reduction from the course mark or placing a permanent notation of the incident on an academic record. Some website listed below on avoiding plagiarism: How to Use Sources and Avoid Plagiarism - available at: http://www.utoronto.ca/writing/plagsep.html and http://www.utoronto.ca/writing/document.html

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Other Advisory Material available at: www.utoronto.ca/writing