Intelligent Buildings - a short overview

Kjeld Svidt November 2002

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

What ?
Example http://www.letsautomate.com/

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

What is an intelligent building?

Intelligent buildings are buildings that through their physical design and IT installations are responsive, flexible and adaptive to changing needs from its users and the organisations that inhabit the building during it's life time. The building will supply services for its inhabitants, its administration and operation & maintenance. The intelligent building will accomplish transparent 'intelligent' behaviour, have state memory, support human and installation systems communication, and be equipped with sensors and actuators.
Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent building characteristics (1)

1. be flexible and responsive to different usage and environmental contexts such as office, home, hotel, and industry invoking different kinds of loads from nature, people, and building systems, 2. be able to change states (clearly defined) with respect to functions and user demands over time and building spaces (easy to program and re-program during use) 3. support human communication (between individuals and groups) 4. provide transparent intelligence and be simple and understandable to the users (support ubiquitous computers and networks)
Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent building characteristics (2)

5. have a distributed long term and short term memory

6. contain tenant, O&M, and administration service systems

7. support introduction of new (sometimes not yet defined) services 8. be equipped with sensors (stationary and mobile) for direct or indirect input and manipulation of signals from users, systems and the building structure 9. be equipped with actuators for direct or indirect manipulation installations and the building structure

Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent building characteristics (3)

10.accomplish 'intelligent' behaviour (self diagnosis, trigger actions on certain events and even learn from use) 11.integrate different IBI systems to form complex systems 12.contain IBI life time standardized solutions as far as possible 13.be well documented (in 3D with functional descriptions) available in Virtual Reality with physical structure overlay

Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent building characteristics (4)

14.provide canalization (information roads) that shall house 'wires' carrying new services 15.be able to handle high band width information transfer. 16.provide dynamic secure information domains (i.e not based on a non-routed Ethernet in a residential block)

17.be open to efficient communication between applications based on for example XML implementations (Christiansson 1998), and platform independent solutions as Jini on Java Virtual Machines, (see http://www.sun.com/jini)

Per Christiansson (2000)

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent Building history (1)

1980
Yoneji Masuda writes the book 'Information Sociey' about changes in society, infornation and knowledge industries, participatory democracy, examples from Japan.

1982
AT&T establish the concept "INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS" due to marketing reasons. The INFORMART building is erected in Dallas

1984-85
The Smart House Development USA (NAtional Association of Home Builders, NAHB). 'Automated Buildings', 'High Tech. Buildings', 'Smart Houses'. STS, Shared Tenants Services (using PABX, private automatic branch exchange, is an automatic telephone switching system within a private enterprise)---> CSM, Communication Service Management.

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent Building history (2)

1986: Seminar in Lund man/machine environment poor lack of knowledge information vulnerability flexibility requirements no holistic problems view coordination and procurement forms not adequate lack of standards

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Intelligent Building history (3)

1987 N.Y. Times "I.B. is a dumb idea". 1990 LonWorks technology work starts

1999 Bluetooth wireless communication LonWorks use

Home Automation, 15% Industry Automation, 35% Building Automation, 35% Transport, etc.., 15%

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Systems
Traditional systems
proprietary systems complex cabling

Fieldbus systems
reduced cabling standardisation higher accuracy

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Fieldbus examples
LON CAN Profibus Fieldbus Foundation P-net ASI Interbus
Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

Major IBI systems in DK

LON (Local Operating Network) EIB (European Installation Bus) IHC (Intelligent House Control) Other systems BAC-net (Building Automation and Control Network TCP/IP

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

LON Technology
LonTalk protocol
optimised for control networks

Neuron Chip
microprocessor with integrated network support

Other
network transceivers routers software
Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

The LON Neuron

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

The LON House

Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002

LONWorks Advantages
Scalable system
Plug and play devices

Distributed intelligence Peer to peer communication Many physical transmission media supported Free topology (Ref: Hertel 2002)
Kjeld Svidt, Aalborg University 29.11.2002