Practice Exercises in Morphology Linguistics 201 January 30, 2009 Free and Bound Morphemes List the morphemes

in each word below, and state whether each morpheme is free (F) or bound (B). 1. creating 2. seaward 3. wastage 4. waiter 5. modernize Derivational and Inflectional Affixes For each word below, indicate whether the word is morphologically simple (S), includes an inflectional affix (I), or includes a derivational affix (D). 1. rider 2. colder 3. silver 4. lens 5. legs Word Trees For each word below, draw a word tree. Then state whether it has inflectional affixes, derivational affixes, or both. 1. shipper 2. disobey 3. resettlement 4. anticlimaxes 5. unemployed 5. simply 6. jumping 7. rationalizing 8. activated 10. instituionalizations 6. reader 7 .redder 8. radish 9. redness 10. rotation 6. unhealthy 7. inept 8. implant 9. keys 10. morphology

Esperanto Esperanto is an artificial language that was invented by Ludwig Zamenhof in 1887. It was designed to be easy to learn and is based largely on the languages of western Europe. It is now primarily spoken in France, although it may also be found in eastern Asia,

South America and eastern Europe. There are now between 200-2,000 native speakers and about 2,000,000 people worldwide speak it as a second language. Examine the following data from Esperanto and then answer the questions below: 1. bono goodness 2. instrua instructive 3. malfacila difficult 4. patrino mother 5. instruisto teacher 6. portito carry 7. facila easy 8. patro father 9. portisto porter 10. instrui to instruct 11. portistino female porter 12. pura pure 13. malbone badly 14. facile easily 15. bona good 16. malgranda small 17. bone well 18. facilo easiness 19. granda big 20. instruo instruction

A. What are the morphemes that correspond to the following lexical categories and concepts? i. ii. iii. Nouns Verbs Adjectives iv. Adverbs v. Feminine vi. The opposite (not)

B. Translate the following English words and phrases into Esperanto. i. ii. iii. purity bad female teacher

From the following data sets, identify the strings of sounds which correspond to the morphemes in each language. Swahili Swahili is a Bantu language which is spoken primarily in East Africa. There are approximately 800,000 native speakers of Swahili, and some 30,000,000 people (!) worldwide speak Swahili as a second language. anapenda atapenda alipenda amependa alinipenda alikupenda alimpenda alitupenda aliwapenda Pronouns he: me: you: him: us: them: 'he likes' 'he will like' 'he liked' 'he has liked' 'he liked me' 'he liked you' 'he likes him' 'he liked us' 'he liked them' Tenses [present]: [future]: [past]: [past part.]: alimona alimsaidia alimpiga alimchukua alimua ananitazama atakusikia alitupanya Verbs see: help: hit: carry: kill: look: hear: cure: like: 'he saw him' 'he helped him' 'he hit him' 'he carried him' 'he killed him' 'he looks at me' 'he will hear you' 'he cured us'

Translate the following English sentences into Swahili: i. He will look at you. ii. He has hit me. iii. He helps us.

Cree Cree is an Algonquian language which is spoken primarily in Canada. There are approximately 100,000 native speakers, who can be found from the Rocky Mountains in Alberta all the way to James Bay in northern Quebec. niwapahten kimachishen nitapinan kiwapahten nimachishenan kitapinawaw Pronouns I: You: We: You (pl.): 'I see' 'You cut' 'We sit' 'You see' 'We cut' 'You (pl.) sit' Verbs see: cut: sit: niwapahtenan kimachishenawaw nitapin kiwapahtenawaw nimachishen kitapin 'We see' 'You (pl.) cut' 'I sit' 'You (pl.) see' 'I cut' 'You sit'