CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS SOLUBILITY

Insoluble in water Insoluble in ordinary solvents

Readily dissolve in chloroform, benzene, ether, boiling alcohol and other organic solvents

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS FORMATION OF TRANSLUCENT SPOT

Lipids have a characteristic greasy feel When brought in contact with a substance like paper, penetrate through it producing a translucent spot
Fats are non-volatile In RT, the spot of water can absorb enough heat from the air and evaporized But the spot of grease can never absorb enough heat to evaporized When the liquid is inside the sheet of paper, it diffracts light TRANSLUCENT PHENOMENON

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS REACTION OF FATS

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids and are therefore weak acids For fatty acids, the value of pKa is around 4.5. Therefore, generally speaking, fatty acids are neutral below pH 4.5 and charged above pH 4.5
Fats containing high unsaturated fatty acids are neutral in reaction, but when exposed to air become acidic due to hydrolysis which results from the liberation of volatile fatty acids

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS ACROLEIN FORMATION - 2H2O Glycerol Acrolein (acrid odor) dehydrating agent (potassium bisulfate)

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS EMULSIFICATION OF FATS

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS EMULSION

Is a mixture of two or more materials that are ordinarily immiscible Droplets of the dispersed component rapidly coalesce to form a separate layer Emulsifying agent must be present to stabilize the emulsion
Lecithin in the egg will serve as emulsifier

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS SAPONIFICATION OF LARD

Alcoholic Potash
KOH dissolved in ethanol To neutralized fatty acids in the lard

A metallic salt of fatty acid is formed Hydrophobic tails extend into the greasy droplets whereas the polar heads of the soap molecules face toward the water

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS SAPONIFICATION OF LARD

Sodium Carbonate to produce hard soap

Palmitin

Palmitate + Glycerol Soap

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS SEPARATION OF CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDES

Precipitate = cholesterol digitonide after digitonin precipitation Supernatant = triglycerides
PRECIPITATE tested for Salkowski Test and Liebermann-Burchard Test
Test for cholesterol

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS SALKOWSKI TEST

The presence of a double bond in one cholesterol rings is responsible for its ability to form color products in the presence of concentrated inorganic acids Sulfuric acid
Results in dehydration of cholesterol molecule with a formation of a red bicholestadien disulphonate

Bluish color between the 1st layer (chloroform) and 2nd layer (H2SO4)

CHARACERIZATION OF LIPIDS LIEBERMAN-BURCHARD TEST

Deep green color (+) due to the hydroxyl group (-OH) of cholesterol reacting with the reagents (acetic anhydride and concentrated sulfuric acid) and increasing the conjugation of the un-saturation in the adjacent fused ring

TRANSITIONAL PAGE