ST.

GABRIELS SECONDARY SCHOOL

SECONDARY 4E ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS
WORKSHEET 3B : ADDITION & SUBTRACTION OF MATRICES
Name : _______________________(

Class : Sec ______

Date : __________

Matrix addition
In order to perform matrix addition, the matrices must be of the _________________________.
(i)

8 9
+ =
5 1

(ii)

0 9 8 1

+
=
2 6 2 7

8 7 9
(iii) +
is _________________________
5 2 6

(iv)

1 12 6 2 0 0

3 9 1 + 5 0 2 =
6 3 4 0 4 1

__________________________________________________________________________________
Matrix Subtraction
The resultant matrix in a subtraction operation has the _________________________ as the matrices
being operated on.
(i)

8 9
=
5 1

(ii)

0 9 8 1

=
2 6 2 7

8 7 9
(iii)
is _________________________
5 2 6

(iv)

1 12 6 1 2 0

3 9 1 2 0 1 =
6 3 4 1 1 1

__________________________________________________________________________________
a b
e
Let P =
and Q =
c d
g
a b
e
P + Q =
+
c d
g

h
a b
e
P Q =

c d
g

Perform the following additions and subtractions of matrices.

(a)

1 2 7 9

+
=
5 9 7 8

(b)

8 9

15 2 =
1 5

4 4
Evaluate the following if A =
, B =
2 7
(a)

A+B =

(c)

ABC =

(c)

4 8 9

5 + 7 + 2 =
6 1 3




0 2 7

(d)

8 6 4 1

+
=
5 7 2 5

1 2

and C =
1 3

(b)

1 4

.
3 5

BA =

In each of the following, find the matrix A which satisfies the given relationship
(a)

3
A+ =
4

4

3

A=

(b)

1 2

3 4 A =
6 7

A=

1 7

4 5
8 9

Scalar Multiplication of Matrices

(i)

1 2
2
=
3 4

(iii)

1 0
4
=
3 4

(ii)

3
1
6 =
3

9

(iv)

2
35

2
2

a b
In general, given the matrix A =
and the scalar k,
c d
a b

kA = k
=
c d

1 2
5 7
Evaluate the following if A =
and B =
.
3 4
1 3
(a)

2A + 3B =

(b)

B 2A =

1
2

7
=
8