NA Science (Chemistry) Chp 13a: Oxides (Notes)

Oxides Chapter 13a

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There are 4 types of oxides.

1. acidic oxides

2. basic oxides

3. amphoteric oxides

4. neutral oxides

Acidic Oxides

Acidic oxides are oxides of non-metals.

Most acidic oxides dissolve in water to form acids.

non-metallic formula of dissolve in water formula of

acidic oxide
element oxide to form acid acid

S sulphur dioxide SO2 sulphurous acid H2SO3

C carbon dioxide CO2 carbonic acid H2CO3

P phosphorus (V) oxide P4O10 phosphoric acid H3PO4

N nitrogen dioxide NO2 nitric acid HNO3

S sulphur trioxide SO3 sulphuric acid H2SO4

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NA Science (Chemistry) Chp 13a: Oxides (Notes)

Basic Oxides

 Basic oxides are oxides of metals.

 They react with acids to form salt and water.

 Most basic oxides are insoluble in water.

 A few basic oxides dissolve in water to form alkalis.

E.g.: dissolving sodium oxide in water

word equation: sodium oxide + water sodium hydroxide

chemical equation: NaOH(s) + H2O(l) 2NaOH(aq)

 Basic oxides react with acids to form salt and water.

E.g.: reacting calcium oxide with dilute hydrochloric acid

word equation: calcium oxide + hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + water

chemical equation: CaO(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l)

metallic formula of solubility in

basic oxide alkali formed
element oxide water

Cu copper (II) oxide CaO no --

Mg magnesium oxide MgO sparingly magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2

Ca calcium oxide CaO sparingly calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2

Na sodium oxide Na2O yes sodium hydroxide NaOH

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NA Science (Chemistry) Chp 13a: Oxides (Notes)

Amphoteric Oxides

 Amphoteric oxides are oxides of the following metals: aluminium, zinc and lead.

 Amphoteric oxides can behave as an acidic oxide or basic oxide. Both reactions produce salt and

water.

formula of
amphoteric oxide salt produced in HCl salt produced in NaOH
oxide

aluminium oxide Al2O3 aluminium chloride AlCl3 sodium aluminate

zinc oxide ZnO zinc chloride ZnCl2 sodium zincate

lead (II) oxide PbO lead (II) chloride PbCl2 sodium plumbate(II)

Neutral Oxides

 Neutral oxides are oxides of non-metals.

 Neutral oxides do not react with both acids and alkalis. They do not form salts.

neutral oxide formula of oxide

water H2O

carbon monoxide CO

nitrogen monoxide NO

Summary

Types of
oxides

metals non-metals

basic oxides amphoteric acidic oxides neutral

oxides oxides

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