Name Registration Number Learning Center Name TRAINING PVT. LTD.

Learning Center Code Course Semester Subject IV

SUJAY NANDKISHOR CHAVAN. 521128626 HALO TECHNOLOGIES &

02835 MBA

ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (MI0038) -

Set No.

Date of Submission at Learning Center Marks Awarded

Directorate of Distance Learning Sikkim Manipal University II Floor, Syndicate Building Manipal 576 104

Signature of the Coordinator

Signature of the LC

Signature of Evaluator

Halo Technologies and Training Pvt. Ltd. || 65260303 || 9870050750 || academics@halo.co.in

Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 4 MI0038 Enterprise Resource Planning-4 Credits (Book ID:B1324) Assignment Set -1 (60 marks) Note: Answer all questions (with 300 to 400 words each) must be written within 6-8 pages. Each Question carries 10 marks

Q1. What is web ERP? What are its benefits? List out the different modules under ERP Inventory management.

Ans.: Web ERP has become a necessity for businessmen to be aware of their stock and inventory from anywhere, at anytime. Web ERP is an absolute web-based ERP system that requires only a web browser and PDF reader. It has now become an open source application and is offered as a free download. Web ERP systems are gaining popularity than ever. It allows businessmen to update their systems in large organisations without the need of installing updates at any remote locations, almost immediately. It provides real time information about finance, inventory, employee management, etc by providing advanced levels of service to consumers and suppliers Web ERP is developed using PHP as a web development language. These scripts are developed with stability and ease so that the application becomes readable with a minimum knowledge of scripting in PHP and the structure of ERP. The logic is made as clear and simple as possible in order to remove any generalization from the code, and to make it readable for all kinds of employees. It can also be configured easily on any operating system and the processing constraints required are also economical. ERP Inventory management module takes care of transactional workflow in an organisation in sequential order. ERP Inventory module is subdivided into different modules such as: Inventory requisition: The function of inventory requisition is to take the inventory constraints from various departments of an organisation. This is achieved when various departments fill the inventory requisition form. On filling the form, the head of the department fills up the quantity/quality of the inventory required, considering the minimum inventory required, maximum inventory required, and the current inventory available. Inventory order assessment: Once the form is filled, inputs are taken from the form and processed. The inventory wanted by the various departments is compared Page | 2

with the minimum inventory required. Once the comparison is done, the final requirement for various departments is fixed and a list of suppliers for the inventory is then formulated Inventory placing: Once the supplier is chosen, an order is placed by filling the order form Supplier Performa: In this sub module, the supplier provides quotation for further transactions Order received: In this sub module, a comparison between order placed and order received is recorded i.e. a comparison is done between Date of placing order with Date of receiving order, and Quality with Quantity of order placed. Once the comparison is done, the amount to be paid to the supplier and the mode of payment is decided. Quality checks: It is necessary to check if the deliverables have met the expected outcome. Therefore, quality check becomes an important phase where Research and Development(R &D) department performs a check and the department head acknowledges it by filling up a quality assessment form. Inventory bills and challans : In order to ensure safe payment, bills and challans are chosen to represent the amount paid, payment mode along with the ID of supplier and Receipt ID. Minimum inventory assessment: Minimum inventory assessment aims at assessing minimum inventory inputs or requirements from various departments of an organisation. The assessment is done by preparing a Performa which is circulated to various departments and they are expected to fill up their minimum inventory requirements. This assessment is done, considering various factors such as costumers order received, inventory in hand and scrap. Minimum inventory requirement : Minimum inventory requirement is the amount of inventory less than which employees cannot work i.e. it is that minimum amount of inventory required to perform any task. Maximum inventory assessment: In this sub module an assessment is done for maximum amount of requirements. This information is gathered from various departments to guarantee that no wastage happens. The assessment is done by considering factors such as customers order received, inventory in hand, etc. Maximum inventory requirement : It is the amount of inventory which is sufficient to perform any task. Q2. Briefly explain the functionalities of CRM sub modules. List out the benefits of CRM Systems. Ans.: A supply chain can be defined as a network of facilities and distribution options that performs the function of procurement of materials, transformation of these materials into intermediate and finished products, and the distribution of these finished products to customers. Both in service and manufacturing organisations Page | 3

supply chains system exist. However, the complexity of the chain may vary greatly from industry to industry and firm to firm. Traditionally, the departments like the marketing, distribution, planning, manufacturing, and purchasing of an organisation operated independently along the supply chain. This kind of traditional organisations each departments had their own objectives, which often conflict with other departments objectives. This resulted in chaos and there was not a single, integrated plan for the organisation there were plans as many as services the company offered. This clearly demanded a need for a mechanism through which these different functions can be integrated together. Supply chain management is a strategy through which such integration can be achieved. If the SCM has to be successful there must be a change from managing individual functions to integrating activities into key supply chain processes. An organisations supply chain or logistics network is affected because of supply chain sustainability. This is a major business issue and is frequently quantified by comparison with SECH ratings like social, ethical, cultural and health records. Today consumers have become aware of the environmental impact of their purchases and companys SECH ratings. Along with this nongovernmental organisations ([NGO]s), are setting the agendas for focusing on transitions to organically-grown foods, antisweatshop labor codes, and locally-produced goods that will support independent and small business groups. Because supply chains frequently account for over 75% of a companys carbon footprint many organisations are exploring how they can reduce this and thus improve their SECH rating. Oracle Supply Chain Management Applications simplify supply-chain processes by providing a single, integrated environment for managing the extended enterprise. Oracle enables effective trading partner collaboration and supply-chain optimisation capabilities that are essential to gain and sustain competitive advantage. Oracle Supply Chain Management Applications help in increasing market share while improving customer service. It also helps the company in minimising the costs across the networked supply chain system. Q3. Illustrate the role of ERP systems in Human Resources. List out the benefits of Human Resource management systems.

Ans.: The achievement of outstanding performance demands delivery of quality

products expeditiously and economically. Organisations simply cannot achieve excellence with unreliable equipment. The approach towards maintenance management has changed as a result of quick response manufacturing. Just-in-Time (JIT) reduction of work in process inventory and the elimination of wasteful manufacturing practices. Before breakdown in machine and idle time for repair was once an accepted practice. Times have changed. Today, when there is a break down in a machine, it can shut down the production line and the customers entire plant. The Preventive Maintenance (PM) module provides an integrated solution for supporting the operational needs of an enterprise-wide system. The Plant Maintenance module includes an entire family of product; covering all aspects of

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plant/equipment maintenance. It becomes vital to the achievement of process improvement. The major subsystems of a Plant Maintenance module are: Preventive Maintenance Control Equipment Tracking Component Tracking Plant Maintenance Calibration Tracking Plant Maintenance Warranty Claims Tracking

Preventive Maintenance Control Preventive Maintenance Control (PMC) provides planning, scheduling, and control of facilities and equipment. Equipment lubrication, component replacement and safety inspection can be planned, scheduled, and monitored. Maintenance tasks can be tracked for each piece of equipment or machine, by two user-defined modes, as well as calendar day frequency. These modes include tracking by hours of operation, units of production produced, gallons of fuel consumed, or the number of days in operation since the last service interval. Preventive Maintenance Control enables organisations to lower repair costs by avoiding downtime, machine breakage, and process variability. Companies achieve higher machine utilization and improved machine reliability and tolerance control, along with higher production yields. Equipment Tracking Equipment are an asset that needs to be protected and monitored. In many situations, costs of equipment maintenance constitute the single largest controllable expenditure of an organisation. All facets of plant location history and utilization history are described and tracked. This history includes acquisition of disposition information and associations between different pieces of equipment to pinpoint operational dependencies. Running totals for operation units to date (miles, hours, days, units of production, and so on.) are also provided. Each piece of equipment is defined by, a serial number and model. User-defined data sheets are developed, which allow for the grouping of user data into formats that can be linked to equipment records. All of this information can be used to create equipment stipulation, which provide detailed information for technical specialists working in equipment operations, maintenance, and transportation control. Component Tracking Components are subsets of larger equipment and deserve the same amount of cost controlling scrutiny. Component Tracking helps equipment managers to; identify components with chronic repair problems. They can determine if either repair or replacement must be covered by warranty. Planning component replacements, rather than waiting for component failures to occur, reduces unscheduled equipment Page | 5

downtime. Component tracking includes repair/exchange history and component service life. Plant Maintenance Calibration Tracking Plant Maintenance Calibration Tracking (PMCT) allows organisations to leverage their investment in the Plant Maintenance module by, providing for the tracking of equipment calibration in support of ISO 9000 requirements. Plant Maintenance Warranty Claims Tracking Plant Maintenance Warranty Claims Tracking (PMWCT) is an administrative system designed to, provide control of all items covered by manufacturer and vendor warranties. It helps plant management to recover all of the warranty; reimbursements to which they are entitled but have not been able to recover in the past. Features include the ability to establish the length and type of warranty. Quality Management Basics and Overviews About Quality Management includes many links about basics and overviews of quality management. Benchmarking is the use of standard measurements in a service or industry for comparison to other organizations in order to gain perspective on organizational performance. Continuous Improvement, in regard to organizational quality and performance, focuses on improving customer satisfaction through continuous and incremental improvements to processes, including by removing unnecessary activities and variations. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis is an approach that helps identify and prioritize potential equipment and process failures. ISO9000 is an internationally recognized standard of quality, and includes guidelines to accomplish the ISO9000 quality standard. Organizations can be optionally audited to earn ISO9000 certification. Lean Management is a process of maximizing customer value while reducing waste. Any activity or process that consumes resources, adds cost or time without creating value becomes the target for elimination. Total Quality Improvement (TQM) is a set of management practices throughout the organization, geared to ensure the organization consistently meets or exceeds customer requirements. TQM places strong focus on process measurement and controls as means of continuous improvement. Six Sigma is a quality management initiative that takes a very data-driven, methodological approach to eliminating defects with the aim to reach six standard deviations from the desired target of quality. Six standard deviations means 3.4 defects per million. Q4. Describe how you would go about the different phases of the ERP implementation lifecycle, if it were being done in your company. Page | 6

Ans.: PeopleSoft country head Mr. Thiru Vengadam says1 Phased implementation
is the right way as the risks are controllable. It is a good management practice to build a roadmap for the overall project, but break them into logical phases. Take one logical phase at a time, give it the right focus and ensure the success of that phase before taking up on the next. It is also critical to have a high level of design of the overall system is done upfront, such that even when the project is driven in phases, there is a frame of reference ensuring an integrated system at the end of the overall project,. The different phases of the ERP implementation are given below: o o o o o o o o o o o Pre-evaluation Screening Package Evaluation Project Planning Phase Gap Analysis Reengineering Configuration Implementation Team Training Testing Going Live End-user Training Post-implementation

These phases seem very linear and distinct from each other. But in reality, throughout an actual implementation process, the phases are in fact quite flexible. In many cases, companies go through many implementations in different modules, business units, or manufacturing locations. So at any given time, more than one of the phases may be operational. Some companies choose for the one and only 'Big Bang' i.e. implement in one stretch and change the entire system, while other companies favour sequential rollouts i.e. implement in phased approach module after module. Pre-Evaluation Screening Once the company has decided to go in for the ERP system; the search for the perfect package starts. But there are hundreds of ERP vendors of all shapes and sizes, all claiming to have the solution that is ideal. Package Evaluation The evaluation/selection process is one of the most important phases of the ERP implementation. Since, the package that you select will decide the success or failure of the project. ERP systems involve huge investments, once a package is purchased, it is not an easy task to switch to another one. Project Planning Phase This is the phase that designs the process of ERP implementation. In this phase the particulars of how to go about the implementation process are decided. The time schedules, deadlines, and so on for the project are formulated. The project plan is developed. Roles are identified and responsibilities are assigned. Page | 7

Gap Analysis This stage helps the company to find the gaps that has to be bridged, so that the companys practice becomes akin to ERP environment. This procedure has been reported as an expensive but it is inevitable. Business Process Reengineering Modification in employee rolls, business process and technical details find place in this phase of restructuring most popularly referred as business process engineering. Designing the System This step requires very careful planning and deliberate action. This step assists the company to decide and conclude the areas where restructuring have to be carried on. A choice is to be made from ERP implementation models. In-House Guidance This is regarded as a vital step in ERP implementation. The employees in the company are trained to tackle crisis and make minor corrections as well because the company can neither be at liberty nor afford the bounty to avail the services of an ERP vendor at all times. Checking This stage observes and tests the authenticity of the use. The system is subjected to the extreme tests possible so that it ensures proper usage and justifies the costs incurred. This is seen as a test for ERP implementation. The Real Test At this stage the replacement takes place through the new mechanism of operation and administration takes over the older one. Preparing the Employees to use ERP The employees in the organisation will be taught to make use of the system in the day to day and regular basis. This makes sure that it becomes a part of the system in the organisation. Post Implementation The process of implementation will be significant only when there is regular follow up and proper instruction flow thereafter and through the lifetime of ERP. This consists of all the efforts and steps taken to update and attain better benefits once the system is implemented. Hence an organisation has to perform ERP implementation safely and correctly. Q.5. Discuss briefly about JD Edwards and PeopleSofts applications and their various modules. Ans.: JD Edwards World Solutions Company 1977 Denver, Colorado, three men left the accounting world to form a software company that would specialise in midrange computing solutions. Each of the three Page | 8

founders Jack Thompson, Dan Gregory and Ed McVaney lent a small portion of his name for the company name. On March 17, JD Edwards was formed. In the early years, JD Edwards designed software for several small and medium-sized computers. They eventually started focusing on the IBM System/38 in the early 1980s. It was in this effort that JD Edwards pioneered the Computer-Aided Systems Engineering (CASE) software development and design tool. This lend for consistency across the broad range of JD Edwards' integrated applications. Product and Technology JD Edwards offers its solutions primarily for the AS/400 platform. JD\ Edwards's has two application suites, OneWorld and WorldSoftware. WorldVision, provide comprehensive supply chain management functionality across the wide range of technology. Both can run parallel on the same the AS/400 platform, share data and interact with each other as a unified solution. 13.7.1.1 OneWorld JD Edwards OneWorld is flexible enough to support an extended solution by integrating with existing, best-of-breed and other company products. This can be achieved without sacrificing the security, integrity, or consistency of the existing systems or data. OneWorld's own Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) , as well as such industry standards as CORBA, ODBC and other packaged integration solutions ensure that you won't be locked into limited functionality, and any of the future opportunities. OneWorld embraces change with its modular architectural foundation. The information processing is segmented into five functional elements. They are database, data warehouse, business objects, reporting, and GUI. The customer has the option to choose the data warehousing solution that he wants. With OneWorld, you can distribute your enterprise applications to employees, business partners, and customers using web-based technology, without rewriting your applications. OneWorld software version supports client/server and Internet modes. This results in an extended enterprise that works together to support the same business tasks. No matter how well your applications fit, they probably need a little modification to fit precisely to the needs of your organisation. With OneWorld, you get a powerful set of tools to make those alterations. OneWorld's toolset uses business logic, not symbols and syntax, to drive the modification process. OneWorld allows you to build highly flexible workflow solutions and execute, predefined, and unplanned processes in your organisation. With OneWorld, your ability to learn, implement, and maintain workflow at all levels of your organisation is simplified. WorldSoftware and WorldVision In the age of technology change, the popularity of many enterprise software solutions is fleeting. The resulting obsolescence is frustrating and costly. It is better to have a system that has the necessary functionality with built-in longevity. More than 4,000 customers have found this staying power in JD Edwards WorldSoftware. On its strength and the reliability of its host-centric. IBM AS/400 foundation, WorldSoftware's global popularity has endured in the ERP

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marketplace for over a decade.Inherently flexible and easy to use, WorldSoftware readily adapts to yoursituation, letting you: o Selectively mix, match and integrate software applications from among its diverse industry product suites. o Easily modify it to ongoing business, local and organisation-specific requirements. o Add WorldVision, its advanced graphical user interface, to gain client/server benefits. o Optionally run it alongside OneWorld, JD Edwards' network-centric solution, to gradually incorporate other computing platforms into your network. Modules The different product modules available from JD Edwards are: o Foundation Suite o Financial Suite o Logistics/Distribution Suite o Management o Services Suite o Manufacturing Suite o Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Mining and Real Estate Suite o Energy and Chemical Suite o Government, Education, and Not-for-Profit Solutions o Utility and Energy Solutions JD Edwards offers customers the means of achieving greater ongoing control of their businesses. It is enabled by their ability to define and redefine the way they do business as markets, customers and competitive conditions change. At the same time learning the problems and requirements of their industry and developing solutions accordingly. By emphasizing solutions, relationships, and value, JD Edwards maintains its focus on what truly matters to its customers. Q.6. What is BAPI? Why BIAP is considered as commanding tool in the SAP consultants toolkit? Ans.: Business Application Programming Interface (BAPI) BAPI (Business Application Programming Interface) is a set of interfaces to objectoriented programming methods that enable a programmer to integrate third-party software into the proprietary R/3 product from SAP. For specific business tasks such as uploading transactional data, BAPIs are implemented and stored in the R/3 system as remote function call (RFC) modules.2 BAPI is the most dominant tool in the SAP consultants toolkit. It is one of a set of tools for interfacing with an SAP R/3 system. The priority of BAPI is calling data in and out of SAP. For the SAP consultant, BAPIs are the small, powerful ships that keep these barges of data moving. SAP's R/3 system is now open by releasing the specifications for some 170 business application programming interfaces (BAPIs). This helped third-party applications interact with R/3 directly. BAPIs can be called as sets of methods that allow external applications to collaborate with specific R/3 business objects such as customers, accounts, or employees. As R/3 data is addressable through callable methods, BAPIs gives flexibility to the third party application vendors to build supporting applications for the R/3 system. In similar way, Baan offers OrgWare which is based on integrated business modelling tool, Page | 10

combined with business-specific templates that automate the configuration of the software to suit specific operational needs. Baan is in the process of advancing this tool with new setup wizards to accelerate software implementation on the Windows NT platform.

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