REFERENTS A referent is the person, thing, or idea that a WORD or EXPRESSION stands for (represents).

Referents are used to avoid repetition. Typical referents in English are: -Personal Pronouns -Object Pronouns -Possessive Adjectives -Demonstratives Personal Pronoun I YOU HE SHE IT WE THEY Possessive Adjective MY YOUR HIS HER ITS OUR THEIR Object Pronoun ME YOU HIM HER IT US THEM

Examples: Jane is my sister. She is 30 years old. Her car is white. Im going to call her Jane is my sister ------> JANE (person) SHE is 30 years old ------> SHE: personal pronoun referring to JANE HER car s white ------> HER: possessive adjective referring to the car of JANE Im going to call HER ------> HER: object pronoun referring to JANE. Im going to call Jane (Jane will receive my phone call) Exercises: I. Personal Pronouns - Subject Replace the words in brackets by the correct personal pronouns. My mum's name is Angie. (Angie) Bob is my dad. (My dad) is from Germany. is a waiter. is my brother.

On the left you can see Simon. (Simon) (Sue and Simon) are twins.

Our dog is a girl, Judy. (Judy) (Sue, Simon, Angie and Bob) (Canterbury)

is two years old. live in Canterbury.

is not far from London. often come and see us.

My grandparents live in London. (My grandparents) II. Object Pronouns Fill in the correct object pronouns. My children like Disney films. The video is for (they)

. .

My brother Matt collects picture postcards. These postcards are for (he) My parents like Latin music. The CD is for (they) I like watches. This nice watch is for (I) . . .

My wife and I love sweets. These sweets are for (we)

My nephew likes cars. The toy truck is for (he)

. .

My neighbour wants to go to California next year. The guide book is for (she) Here is another souvenir. I don't know what to do with (it) You know what? - It's for (you) III. Possessive Adjectives Replace the personal pronouns by possessive adjectives. Here is a postcard from (I) friend Peggy. family. .

She lives in Australia now with (she) (She) (He) (They) (I) husband works in Newcastle. company builds ships.

children go to school in Newcastle. husband and I want to go to Australia, too. family next winter.

We want to see Peggy and (she) (We) winter! summer.

Because it is (they)

Demonstratives can be used as pronouns or adjectives. They are sometimes referred to as demonstrative adjectives or demonstrative pronouns. When they are used as adjectives they modify the noun. Demonstratives in English are the following: HERE THERE Singular: Plural: THIS THESE THAT THOSE

Exercises: IV. Demonstratives Complete the sentences using THIS, THAT, THESE or THOSE He can't finish _________ chocolate. Would you like some? Hello, ___________is Rachel speaking. ' Hello. How are you, Rachel? Hey, Jillian, is ____________ your ring? I've just found it on the floor. Look at _____________ woman over there. She's a Spanish teacher Kate! ____________ is my friend Joe. Hello, nice to meet you. Look at _____________ painting over there. What fabulous colors! Listen! ____________ awful dogs next door are barking again. Mmm. I love ______________pancakes. They're home-made, aren't they?