Patrick Cao Lab # 3: Operation Amplifier Circuits

5.1

Open Loop Response

8.00E+00 6.00E+00 4.00E+00 Output Voltage 2.00E+00 Op Amp Response 5.00E-03 1.00E-02 1.50E-02

0.00E+00 -1.50E-02 -1.00E-02 -5.00E-03 0.00E+00 -2.00E+00 -4.00E+00 -6.00E+00 Input Voltage

The maximum open loop voltage is 5.7 volts. The voltage gain is the slope of the linear region.

The maximum voltage gain is 94100

5.2

Op Amp Current vs Voltage

3.00E-08 2.50E-08 Input Current 2.00E-08 1.50E-08 1.00E-08 5.00E-09 -2.50E-03 -2.00E-03 -1.50E-03 -1.00E-03 -5.00E-04 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 Op Amp

Input Voltage

The input resistance can be found by taking the reciprocal of the slope of this line. Picking two points on the line of best fit.

The spec sheet says that the input impedance is typically around 2 M which is really close with the calculated value of 1.997. The input bias current found through the experiment is 25.4 nA. The spec sheet says that the max input bias current is 500 nA and is typically 80 nA. The calculated value is not greater than the max and is almost close to the typical value of input bias current.

5.3 The input offset voltage is 1.9 mV. That is the input voltage for which the output voltage is at 0. The spec sheet says that is typically 1 mV and is a max of 6 mV. Our calculated value is pretty close to the typical value of the input offset voltage. The max and min output voltages for this the open loop amplifier are 5.68 V and -3.97 V. The max and min for the unloaded inverting amplifier are 5.01 V and -2.73 V.

The max and min for the inverting amplifier with 100 load are 1.52 V and -1.62V. The max and min for the inverting amplifier with 1k load are 5.01 V and -3.71 V.

5.4

Inverting Amplifier
6.00E+00 4.00E+00 2.00E+00 Unloaded -1.00E-01 0.00E+00 -5.00E-02 0.00E+00 -2.00E+00 -4.00E+00 -6.00E+00 Input Voltage 5.00E-02 1.00E-01 1.50E-01 100 ohm 1000 ohm

-1.50E-01

When the op-amp is unloaded and when it has a 1K load on it, its regions where it is not saturated are significantly greater than when the op-amp has a 100 load. When the op-amp is loaded with a 100 load it has a linear region between the voltages -1.61E-2 V to 1.99E-2 V while the unloaded and 1k have a linear region from -5.31E-2 V to 3.49E-2 V. The max current the op-amp can source is 2.67E-8, this is the max current when the op-amp is unloaded. The max current the op-amp can sink only decreases when a load is added.

Output Voltage

5.5

Effect of Input Impedance

6.00E+00 4.00E+00 Output Voltage 2.00E+00 No Impedance Unloaded 5.00E-02 1.00E-01 1.50E-01 With Impedance Unloaded

0.00E+00 -1.50E-01 -1.00E-01 -5.00E-02 0.00E+00 -2.00E+00 -4.00E+00 -6.00E+00 Input Voltage

Effect of Input Impedance

6.00E+00 5.00E+00 4.00E+00 3.00E+00 2.00E+00 1.00E+00 0.00E+00 -5.00E-02 0.00E+00 5.00E-02 -1.00E+00 -2.00E+00 -3.00E+00 -4.00E+00 -5.00E+00 Input Voltage

Output Voltage

Series1 1.00E-01 1.50E-01 With Impedance 1k Load

-1.50E-01

-1.00E-01

The added input and output impedance do not affect the op-amp's behavior when unloaded. When the op-amp is loaded, the added impedance lowers the saturation voltage. The impedance also lowers the gain of the op-amp.

5.5 1 kHz response

Frequency vs Amplitude
10 9 8 7 Amplitude 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Frequency (log) Amplifier Response

As the frequency increases the amplitude decreases. This occurs because when the frequency increases, the op amp has a smaller amount of time to get up to the desired voltage. The op amp cannot catch up to the speed of the wave in this case and that is why when frequency increases, the amplitude decreases.

5.8 Sine Wave Excitation

The yellow curve is the input waveform and the output is the blue wave. Since this is energized with a sine wave, the output wave form will be a cosine wave. The frequency of this sine wave is 200 Hz. The period of this wave is .005. The amplitude of the equation for the output wave for is .6 V. Knowing the period and the amplitude of the output waveform, the equation is

Triangular wave excitation

The yellow waveform is the triangular excitation and the square waveform is the output waveform. The frequency of the output wave is 200 Hz since the wave that was used to energize the circuit is 200 Hz. The period of the wave is .005. Half of the period is .0025. The input wave can be modeled by two piece wise functions, one for the downward part of the v and the other for the upward part of the v.

The slope for the downward part of the v can calculated by The equation for the downward piece wise is any n that is an even integer. The equation for the upward piece wise is n that is an odd integer.

. for t such that 200n < t < 200(n+1) for

for t such that 200n < t < 200(n+1) for any

The derivatives of this two piece wise functions are the functions for the output waveform. The function for the output waveform

5.9

Peak-to-Peak vs Triangular Freq.

3.00E+00 2.50E+00 Otuput (V) 2.00E+00 1.50E+00 1.00E+00 5.00E-01 0.00E+00 0 200 400 Frequency (Hz) 600 800 Op Amp Response Op Amp Response Prediction y = 0.004x