AAY OJAN S CHO OL OF ARCH ITECTURE

GU ID ED BY: :
RASHMI MAM

PRE SENT ED BY

ABBAS KIKALI BHUPINDERPAL SINGH JUHI GUPTA RAHUL KHANDELWAL DIWAKAR BHATI

A SLIDESHOW AS A PART OF CIRRICULUM OF 5TH SEM B.ARCH UNDER THE SUBJECT SOCIOLOGY IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2008

SLUMS & THEIR PROBLEMS

WHAT ARE SLUMS EXACTLY ?

A dirty, unhygienic cluster of impoverished shanties with long lines of people crowding around a solitary municipal water tap, bowling babies literally left on street corners to fend for themselves and endless cries and found voices emanating from various corners. Most of them are engaged in eking out their daily lives, always below the poverty line, by working as construction labourers, domestic helps, rag pickers and chhotus in neighbourhood dhabas. In spite of poor conditions in slums, second generation residents who are not nostalgic about their rural background - feel that life in slum is reasonably tolerable and city life is probably better than rural life.

HOW SLUMS WERE FORMED?

Slums are the products of failed policies, bad governance, corruption, inappropriate regulations, dysfunctional land markets, unresponsive financial systems and a fundamental lack of political will.

!! PROBLEMS FACED @ SLUMS !!

IM PR OPER SANI TATI ON & HYGI EN E

Improper sanitation, unhygienic environmental conditions, social, economic, health, educational and cultural problems and many health hazards.

LACK OF BASIC AMENITIES

Lack of basic amenities like safe drinking water, proper housing, drainage and excreta disposal services

Lack of s an ita ry con dit ion s

Poor sanitary conditions and poor quality of water lead to illnesses like diarrhoea and other water borne diseases, affecting the life expectancy of slum dwellers. Among water borne diseases, diarrhoea disproportionately affects children under the age of five. Poor health among children adversely affects the attendance rate at schools.

Socia l p ro blems
High unemployment domestic violence lured by the prospect of oblivion through alcohol or drug abuse They fall deeper into poverty and the cycle continues.

Ch ild lab ou r
Many children in the slums start work at a very early age with no prospect of getting any education rag picking ,selling newspapers in traffic jams, peddling drugs or begging. risk of exploitation as well as all the health problems Incest and abuse can occur and child marriages are still encouraged in some areas.

Intern al a nd ex tern al corr uption

The sheer volume of people living in slums causes them to be obvious targets for politicians wanting to increase their percentage of the vote. Slum inhabitants are often promised all kinds of support and improvements in return for political allegiance, but their trust is regularly abused.

Gen der In equalit y

Male children are seen as a blessing and indulged in many areas of Indian society. girls are seen as a drain on precious resources as they will one day get married and their contribution towards the family will end. With that kind of start in life, it's difficult for women within the slums to find a voice.

Solu tion s

Coun tries nee d to recogn iz e that the urb an poor ar e a ct iv e ag en ts an d can co ntr ibut e t o nat ional gr owt h.

Managin g cities req uire loca l s olu tion s

Lo ca l g overnm ent s sho uld de ve lop str ategies to preve nt t he f orm at ion of ne w slums.

Publi c inve stment s m us t fo cus o n pro vidi ng a ccess to ba sic servic es and infra struc ture

Role of th e gov ern men t and t he NGO s.

Proposed regulations which should be made by the government:

A minimum wage rate should be created for workers immigrating to town. Computerized ID numbers should be allotted to the laborers for maintaining records. ESI dispensaries and counseling services should be provided in dwelling areas. All labors should be centrally registered Strict rules should be formulated to prevent the misuse of funds. Aim for 1 Lakh units of construction every six months. Import high volume construction machinery from China for the speedy construction. Factories with a workforce of more than 100 labors should have compulsory dwelling units. The accommodation facilities should be made available before the commencement of any project

Fad in g d ark c lo uds

Poverty, slums and urban squat can be controlled in next couple of decades Eight percent GDP growths is a good sign With quadrupled GDP in 25 years, there is a good chance that the new and upcoming generation may stay away from slum dwelling.

Silv er li nin g
The problems prevailing in slums give us the challenge to rebuild a society that is more equitable where equal opportunities could be provided to all for living with dignity.

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