2008 Philosophy PRAGMATIZING SARTES NOTION OF EXISTENTIAL MAN

By: RANDY JANORAS DOCTOR Because the world needs a thorough explanation of things that are not well-established, great philosophers and experts have carefully explored the world in its reality. Some prove to be consistent but others verge on extreme interpretation. Whatever the case maybe, the world needs of clear manifestation of itself amidst life mysteries. Existentialism has been a major concern of philosophers since Rene Descartes called attention to its importance. Likewise, pragmatism are two of those philosophical problems of which no intelligent philosophers can escape. Human experience in its gravity forms a tendency to embrace reality of the world. The world is surrounded by things whose meanings can never be totally grasped totally by our intuition. It needs critical investigation. The existence of human beings through the establishment and progress of the society enables for man to practice his freedom that is supportive of his values and morals and is in preparation to a way for his existence to be pragmatic through the different application of his praxis. These things deal only to provide truthfulness with certainty. The problem of this thesis is to see the possibility of existentialism (real or practical) as well as pragmatism (ideal or theoretical.) 1. What is the main idea of Sartres existential man and pragmatism of James? 2. How is it possible that we can pragmatize the notion of an existential man? 3. What are the procedures, considerations and criteria on how to pragmatize? 4. What is man after pragmatizing? Man is the one who make meaning to our existence. Freedom is an existential part of mans existence. Freedom is the power to become. It is not what you have but it is what you are. It is through freedom that we possess capability to develop our morality and values and to have the chance to grasp the meaning of pragmatic world. Man is indeed free.

FRAMEWORKS OF THE HEGEL AND GADAMER TOWARDS A VIEW ON METAETHICS

BY: LUIS ANGELO N. RELENTE It is the province of human interactions, ethically of actions is always as matter of issue. It becomes the main issue even in the early centuries of our life. As such, many thinkers and philosophers attempt to provide a normative and systematic discourse in judging the ethical actions of man. One of them is the Greek thinker Aristotle. He suggested that virtue is knowledge. What he means by virtues is the fundamental treats of man to be ethical. Another thinker is St. Thomas who was famous in the medieval period. He was known for his law formulation which involves the three characteristics in judging the ethicality of action of man, namely; the agent, the action, and the intention of act. Ethical actions of man can be categorized in accordance to the different ethical theories formulated by prominent philosophers. It seems that mans action has its conformity to such theories with regards on its ethicality. Specially, this study aims to answer the following questions: 1. What are the strengths and weaknesses that can be inferred from Hegels Social Ethics and Gandamers notion and tradition? 2. How are the weaknesses reconstructed? 3. How do we reconcile the identified strengths and reconstructed weaknesses to arrive at a unified concept of metaethics? 4. What is the studys view on metaethics based on the frameworks of Hegel and Gandamer? Based on the study on the conceptual view of Metaethics that will mediate cultural diversities and as the ground in diverging cultures, the following are the conclusion: It is first based on the study, the strengths and weakness we can infer from Gandamer idea of tradition which are; its historicality or tradion-laden nature of human understanding, its dialectical process of notion of fusion of horizon, the genuineness of fusion of horizon, and its historical distance. Secondly, we reconstruct the genuineness of fusion of horizon through the concept of legitimate prejudice, and prove historical distance through its positive and productive enabling understanding. Lastly, we reconciled the identified strengths and weakness through providing an analysis that will

synthesize the two concepts, namely: the Dialects of Cultures with regard to Gandamers fusion of horizon and the Dynamism of Law in line with Hegels Social Ethics. Upon which, we then arrived at the idea of ascribing tradition as a Meta ethics which described the Dialectics Metaethics based on the framework of Hegel and Gandamer.

HOMOSEXUAL REPRESSION IN THE SEMINARY: A MANIFESTATION OF FOUCAULTS DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH Many priests say this in their homily especially during general assembly in the seminary where many aspiring priests are gathered with the ordained priests and brothers. These words linger in the ears of the seminarians who hear them. The aspiration of belonging to the few is an honor for them and for their family. However, residing in the seminary is not easy, there are many things that might intervene, like missing the family, fights against co-seminarians and financial problems. These problems actually have many implications and reasons, one of which is sexual orientation. Heterosexism operates in the various ways and at many levels. It manifests itself in blatant discrimination against gays and lesbians as well as in the many subtle forms of exclusion or lack of acknowledgement. Heterosexism discriminates when the military and the seminary discharges someone for homosexual behavior or mere suspicion for being a homosexual, and when the government prohibits gays and lesbians from getting married legally. This study intended to answer the following questions: 1. Do homosexual seminarians exist in the seminary? 2. How are these homosexual seminarians treated in the seminary? 3. Why do most homosexual seminarians hide in the closet? 4. How does Foucaults Discipline and Punish possibly explain this homosexual repression happening in the seminary? Homosexuality is not a mutation from a failed experiment nor a taboo of the society. The rampant discrimination is not healthy in society. Nonetheless, seminary should be free from it, but the sad fact here is that seminary promotes discrimination. The author believes that being a homosexual is not a

sin, but the fact of some homosexual. In most cases it is not the essence of anyone that makes one evil, but his actions. Even heterosexuals are prone to do evil actions, in accordance to morality. This study concludes based on the questions posed in the statement of the problem and are answered as: The homosexual seminarians as truly existing physically and metaphysically in the realm of the seminary and its grounds, is part of the reality in this world. Freedom is necessary faculty for a living being. This is one of the foci of postmodernity, to liberate us from the set norms and the abusive power of the elite in the society. Homosexuals though different in nature from that the heterosexuals doesnt mean that being such is sinful. We should take into consideration the ethical point of this issue, that what make is sinful are its actions. We should also remember that heterosexuals are not exempted to this. An evil action is equivalent to a grave sin as standard of morality is concerned.

HUMANIST PRINCIPLES AS GUIDELINES FOR A COMMENSURABLE DOCTRINE OF RELIGION BY:

GANJI A. FUJIMOTO Upon birth, man is taught in the ways of the society that he was born in to. Man is reared with knowledge gained and cultures and traditions passed on by the previous generations. What is evident within the society will be the foundation if the beliefs or biases of certain person. This is the trend of man in the world. Ever since the rise of man as being more adept and capable of adapting to different conditions than other beings, this has been the trend. The foundation of all men can traced from culture or tradition not necessarily from the place of birth but could have been taught and later on influenced the person who has learned of such a culture. This study focuses on the formulation of humanist principles that could serve as guidelines for arriving at a commensurable doctrine on religion. In order to arrive at this the following questions must be answered:

1. What are the strengths and weaknesses of religion? 2. How do we arrive at a commensurable doctrine for religion? 3. What re the humanist principles needed in such a commensurable doctrine? 4. How do these principles serve as guidelines to arrive at such a doctrine? 5. What are the implications of the said doctrine in a given context? Religion as the source of the social identify of the believers allows for more unified and strengthened society. In doing so allows for a more identifiable and more developed sense of self in the sense that there are fixed belief as to the strengths of society.

In view of the fact that the study of policy implementation cannot be separated from the study of program implementation, content and context of policy and bureaucratic resources were looked into in the analysis of data. Hence, the study was hinged on three frameworks on policy implementation, namely: content and context of policy implementation by grindle, implementation as systems management systems model, and on the implementation as responsibility and trust model as articulated by jan-erik lane. The descriptive survey documentary method of research was employed in the study. The population of the study consisted only of implementers in various government agencies involved in the child protection program. As such, complete enumeration was done with no sampling used since the respondents are directly involved in the program implementation.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SPECIAL PROTECTION OF FILIPINO CHILDREN AGAINST CHILD ABUSE IN THE CITY OF LEGAZPI BY:
LILIBETH L. OATE The study determined the level of implementation of the policy and program on The Special Protection of Filipino children against child abuse in the city of legazpi. The study specifically sought answers to the following questions posited: 1.0 what is the level of implementation of the special Protection of Filipino children against child abuse in the city of legazpi along: (a) reporting, (b) investigation, (c) protective custody and (d) prosecution? 2.0 What are the problems encountered in the implementation of the special Protection of Filipino children along: (a) reporting, (b) investigation, (c) protective custody and (d) prosecution? 3.0 What measures have been adopted to address the problems identified? 4.0 What recommendations may be offered to enhance the implementation of the special Protection of Filipino children against child abuse in the city of legazpi city? The policy and program on the special Protection of Filipino children against child abuse covers various cases committed against the children. This study, however, covered child sexual abuse cases only in legazpi that are subject of said law, policy and program. Specifically, this Filipino children against child abuse along reporting, investigation, protective custody and prosecution.

A MORAL STANDARD FROM KANTS AND MILLS ETHICAL THEORIES

BY: ANGELICO N. CABREDO History reveals the continuous craving of man to arrive at the ultimate ground of morality. Philosophers and thinkers who speculated on such a lofty goal often disagree with one another; and until the present and perhaps until men live disputations on such an issue will never end. This research is humble attempt to show that behind these disagreements and argumentations with regard to the principle of moral standards there is still hope of reconciliation. This can readily be seen in the attempt of this research to unify deontological and teleological ethics which are represented by the theories of Immanuel kant and john stuart mill. The main point of that this research has accomplished which certainly may not be new but undoubtly of prime importance is the idea of man as the standard of morality. Man alone is the only thing that can be considered as possessing absolute worth, says kant. This is of course a claim that must be indisputable to all thinkers and to ordinary men. With this, one can make it as the standard and ground of morality it is never ambitious to claim that the prevailing ethical doctrines could be united to it for all in fact advocate it. When faced with moral predicament this research will be of great help. The moral standard from kants and mills ethical theories has elementary truths that

man values, which when applied to particular situation ensures a morally good action. Finally, he ought to be moral for he hopes someday, somehow this will make a difference in view of immorality and of god.

LEVINAS FACE TO FACE ENCOUNTER AS BASIS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS REVALUATING THE BIKOLANO IDEA OF ORAGON THROUGH NIETZSCHEAN UBERMENSCH
BY: YSMAEL A. BELBES We have started this research by describing human condition and ended up with new Bikolano concept of oragon. The human condition we discussed is Nietzschean description; thus, we included in chapter two the discussion on Zarathustras introduction of the Ubermensch, the death of god, master morality, the will-to-power. We have also tackled the metalinguistic analysis of Hermeneutical Value of Orag by Bernardo m. Benasa. We made some summary and analysis of Orag as Bikolano by Danilo M. Gerona. There was also a glimpse on the (sexual) connotations of Orag in the oragon syndrome by Merito Espinas. Chapter three showed the methodologies used and especially the conceptual and theoretical frameworks. The researcher revolved around the conception that the concepts of oragon and ubermensch can be synthesized, resulting to the notion of bikolano affirmation of life. Our theory could be summed up like this: by using the significant contents of oragon and ubermensch greatness or excellence, and will-to-power, respectively, we came to conclude that oragon is really a concept of human responsibility. That is why in chapter four, we listed ideas of re-definitions of the bikolano values by human responsibility in nietzschean terms. BY: RODEL BELTRAN BARAL

NO ABSTRACT

EXTENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF WTO AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE TO SMALL FARMERS

BY: KATRINA MANIQUIS Agricultural policy plays important roles in every nation-state. It describes a set of laws relating to domestic agriculture and imports of foreign agricultural products. Government usually implement agricultural policies with the goal of achieving a specific outcome in the domestic agricultural product markets (Wikipedia,2007). The effects of an agricultural policy are not boxed within the sphere of agriculture and economics alone, but entwined with the political and social aspects of nation-state. One very significant agricultural policy dominating the entire world is the agreement on agriculture, a result of negotiations during the Uruguay round of the general agreement on tariffs and trade (gatt), its predecessor, punta del este, Uruguay and concluded in Marrakesh, morocco. The agreement, which was entered into force with the establishment of the world trade organization on january 1, 1995, has the purpose of maintaining international peace and building interdependence among nation-states through liberalized and fair trade in agriculture (Crowley, 2003). Since this agreement was entered upon by the Philippines, the Filipino farmers has been governed by this law. Hence, the extent of implementation of WTO Agreement on agriculture shall be measured

A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE METAPHYSICAL DUALISTIC IDEA OF RENE DESCARTES IN THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
BY: RODOLPH ANTHONY EMBILE FLORIN

NO ABSTRACT

in this study as well as the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats brought by the implementation. This research would not only measure the level of implementation, but shall also reflect the performance of duties by the Local Government of Gubat to the small rice and coconut farmers. Furthermore, this would provide a factual basis of what possible plans the government should have and what programs it should launch in order to lessen or eradicate the weakness and threats in the implementation. In the conduct of the study, it aimed to answer the following questions: 1. What is the extent of the implementation of WTO Agreement on Agriculture to small farmers along: a. Market Access b. Domestic Support c. Export Support 2. What are the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the implementation of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture to the small farmers along: a. Market Access b. Domestic Support c. Export Subsidies 3. What are the recommendations of small farmers to lessen or eradicate weaknesses and threats by the implementation of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture? Assumptions 1. That there are varying extent of implementation of WTO Agreement on agriculture along market access, domestic support and export subsidy. 2. That there are varying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the extent of implementation of wto agreement on agriculture aong market access, domestic support and export subsidy. 3. That there are different recommendations from the small farmers in order to lessen or eradicate the weaknesses and threats in the implementation of wto agreement on agriculture.

Political Science

AN ASSESMENT OF THE EFFECTIVESNESS OF THE SUPPORT SERVICES OF AQUINAS UNIVERSITY OF LEGAZPI TO THE STUDENTS AFFECTED BU TYPHOON REMING
BY: MA. FRANCIA C. SAZON This research was conducted in order to assess the support services provided by the Aquinas University of Legazpi to students affected by typhoon reming. More importantly, this study assessed the effectiveness of the support services such as expressive are therapy, individual counseling, and recollection in terms of its objective or goals, strategies and techniques and its process as perceived by the helpers and the students who availed the said services. A survey questionnaire was administered to the respondents in order to assess the effectiveness of the support services while descriptive method was used for analysis and interpretation of the data gathered. Majority of the helpers are female with units earned in the masters degree, and specialization in guidance and counseling and psychology. Furthermore, the helpers have related trainings in stress debriefing, anxiety, expressive are therapy, current trends and issues in counseling and also, teaching Psychology subjects. Majority of the students who availed of the support services are female, BSN students and are 19 years old. Among students support services, individual counseling was preferred by the students in overcoming their traumatic experience. The support services such as experience are therapy, individual counseling, and recollection which were offered by Aquinas university of legazpi were perceived by the students and the helpers as effective along the objectives or goals, strategies and techniques, and its process.

In general support services such as expressive are therapy, individual counseling and recollection were effective ways of helping individuals who had traumatic experience brought about by natural calamities like typhoon.

useful to this study as it provides ways of obtaining descriptive information. This design is relevant and useful to this study as it provides ways of obtaining descriptive information about current status in the shortest available time. The principal instrument utilized in gathering the data of this study was the questionnaire distributed to the 18 Department Heads and to the 36 selected regular employees in the City Government of Legazpi. Findings: The researchers based their findings from the data collected and from the Results or responses to the questionnaire distributed to the respondents. The following were culled on the basis of the gathered data from the respondents. The national government continues to provide assistance to the LGU in terms of benefits and incentives which are mandated. Examples of the benefits and incentives mandated by the national government through circular are, A. Anniversary Bonus, B. Personnel Economic Relief Allowance (PERA), C. Uniform Allowance, D. Loyalty Incentive, E. Productivity Incentive Benefit (PIB) Most of the benefits and incentives enjoyed by the employees of the City Government of Legazpi are the benefits and incentives mandated by the national government embodied in Circulars although there are other benefits and incentives which the employees specified, such as A. Special Privilege Benefits (Mourning Leave, Vacation Leave, Birthday Leave, and Sick Leave) B. Burial Assistance Benefit C. Calamity Benefit D. Step Increment E. Personal Accident Benefits. Most of the respondents believe that insufficient funds delayed release of funds, delayed disbursement due to political reasons and tedious or complicated procedure in availing benefits are the main factors and problems encountered by the City of Legazpi. The stagnant development of the Local Government Units is not due to weak governance of the City Government but on the delayed funds and delayed disbursement due to political reasons. Most of the respondents believed that the benefit allocation must be increased and that proper knowledge and awareness among the employees in availing these

FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPLIANCE OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT OF LEGAZPI TO THE BENEFITS AND INCENTIVES OF ITS EMPLOYESS
BY: MILDRED B. ALVARADO MARY ROSE G. BIAS This study sought to identify the factors affecting the compliance of the city government of legazpi to employees benefits. Specifically, it answered the following questions: 1. What are the mandated benefits and incentives of the National Government its employees embodied in Circulars? 2. What are the benefits and incentives enjoyed by the employees of the City Government of Legazpi. 3. What are the problems encountered by the City Government of Legazpi in the compliance of the benefits and incentives mandated by law. 4. What solutions may be recommended to eliminate or eradicate the problems encountered by the City Government of Legazpi in the compliance of these benefits? METHODOLOGY: The researcher enriched the discussions in this research by employing by the Descriptive. This design is relevant and

benefits should be given importance. The recommendations of the respondents will serve as a significant data for the city administrators in their meetings regarding similar matters and solving the problems encountered by the LGU of Legazpi as far as compliance of the intended benefits and incentives of employees are concerned.

JEROME C. ALDEA Abstract This study was conducted to determine the soil profile of the orchard of Aquinas university of legazpi (aul). The profile based on physical characteristics include: soil texture, color and ph and the chemical nutrients were magnesium, manganese, calcium, chloride, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, iron, aluminum and sulfate. The sampling method adopted the method in the lamotte soil test kit. The rules given for collecting and preparing soil samples were carefully followed. The samples were taken 3 and 6 inches from the upper top soil. Three and six inches of the top soil were chosen since lawn requires about 2-3 inches while garden and farm crops require 6 to 8 inches. The soil samples were taken on May 23, 2007, at exactly 4:23 in the afternoon. The late after was chosen as the time of sampling because it is not too hot. The sampling time took almost two hours. The lot was not measured in terms of its square area. The sampling was taken in the four corners of the orchard. To get the average reading of the entire orchard each individual parameter was taken in its entirety and then analyzed and interpreted. Based in the data gathered the findings are presented: The physical characteristics of the soil of the Aquinas University considered are the color, texture and pH. The four corners of the AUL orchard have different colors. In sampling site 1 the color is black; in sampling site 2, brown; in sampling site 3, reddish brown; and in sampling site 4, grayish black. These varied colors in the four corners of the sampling sites indicate that each four corners has its own particular environmental influence that makes up their color. Soil colors also tell the possible texture, pH and micronutrients in the soil. The soil texture in sampling site 1 is sandy and in sampling site 2 to 4 the soil is silty clay loam. Sandy soils are loose and single-grained (that is, not aggregated together). They feel gritty to the touch and are not sticky. Each

Chemistry

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE COASTAL WATERS OF POBLACION CASIGURAN SORSOGON

BY EUGENE A. BALAORO Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of the coastal waters of Casiguran Sorsogon located at the southern tip of Luzon. It is one of the coastal areas where shellfish farms are thriving. The main objective of this study is to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the pollutants present in the coastal waters of Casiguran, particularly those portions near the community and those in the shellfish farms. Specifically, this study is sought to answer the following questions: 1. What is the quality of the coastal waters of Poblacion Casiguran, Sorsogon in terms of: a.) Temperature b.) pH c.) Sulfate d.) Ammonia-nitrogen e.) Nitrite-nitrogen and f.) Phosphate content? 2. What are the problems encountered related to the current quality of the coastal waters of Casiguran, Sorsogon? THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SOIL OF AQUINAS UNIVERSITY OF LEGAZPI (AUL) BY

individual sand grain is of sufficient size that it can easily be seen and felt. Sands cannot be formed into a cast by squeezing when dry. When moist, sands will form a very weak cast, as if molded by the hand that crumbles when touched. The following are the recommendations in the study: the use of commercial fertilizers should be discouraged since this will contribute to soil acidity; before applying the application of any form of fertilizers an expert should be consulted; the physicchemical analysis of the soil of the AUL should be thoroughly studied; and not only the physical and the chemical nutrients but also its geological history.

VIRGIN COCONUT OIL AS MENSTRUUM FOR OIL INFUSION

BY: JOEL D GOEZ The study was limited to the leaves of four medicinal plants only: Blumea balsamifera (Linn.) DC (Lakad Bulan), Piper bitle (Buyo), Cardi dichotoma, (Anonang), and Artemisia vulgaris (Artmisa). The infused oil should only used for massage. Commercial VCO was used in this study to ensure that it passed the Bureau of Food and Drug Administration (BFAD). The leaves were thoroughly cleaned and partially dried before they were infused in the oil. The effects of the rate of oil infusion process was attributed to the kind of leaves, methods used, moisture content of the leaves and the steeping process. Likewise, the potency or strength of oil infusion and the shelf life was also studied. The potency of strength of oil infusion was indicated by the change in the color and odor of the infused oil while the shelf life was determined using the peroxide value (PV). The study determined the use of virgin coconut oil as menstruum for oil infusion of leaves in the medical plants. Specifically, it answered the following questions: 1. What are the effects of the following on the rate of oil infusion process? 1.1 kind of leaves

1.2 methods of oil infusion a. cold method b. hot method 1.3 moisture content of leaves a. dry b. fresh 1.4 steeping process 2. what is the potency or strength of the oil infusion in terms of? 2.1 odor 2.2 color 3. what is the shelf life of the oil infusion? Based on the data gathered by the study the following findings are drawn: 1. the effects on the following on the rate of infusion process 1.1 kind of leaves the cardia dichotoma, (anonang) took three days to decolorize the leaves while blumea balsamifera (linn) dc. (lakad bulan), piper bitle (buyo) and artemisa vulgaris (artamisa) took only two days to decolorize the leaves. 1.2 methods of oil infusion in the cold method the leaves did not totally lose it color as compared to the hot method. The color of the vco after the infusion using the cold method or lighter compared to the hot method. 1.3 moisture the dried leaves were easily infused in the vco than the fresh leaves. 1.4 Steeping process The steeping process in piper bitle (buyo) and cardia dichotoma, (anonang) and Artemisia vulgaris (artamis) took only a day when placed at the windowsill and two days, when palced in a cool and dark area. 2. The potency or strength of the oil infusion The oil infusion retained its color and odor for more than seven months. 3. The shelf life of the oil infusion The peroxide value of the infused oil with blumea balsamifera (linn.) dc (lakad bulan) is 2.995 while that of the infused oil with piper bitle (buyo) is 2.96. likewise, the peroxide value of the infused oil with Artemisia vulagaris

(artamisa) is 2.995 while the peroxide value of the infused oil with cardia dichotoma (anonang) is 2.96. the overall average peroxide value of the four herbs leaves is 2.997.

Statement of the Problem The following were the problem solved: 1. What is the level of awareness of the Typhoon Reming survivors on the programs of CDCC on disaster management? 2. How was the information dissemination about typhoon Reming CDCC implemented? 3. How effective was the information dissemination of CDCC? 4. How did the survivors respond to CDCCs call in times if emergency? Methodology The study used the interview and the observation method to gather all the necessary data directly from the respondents. It also utilized audiovideo documentation a short film entitled A WORD IN SEASON. Part of the gathering procedure is the administration of the personal interview to as the means to communicate with the respondents. A set of questionnaire was also distributed among the survivors. The audio-video documentation shows the level of awareness of the survivors regarding the information dissemination of CDCC Findings Derived from the study are: 1. On the level of awareness of typhoon Reming survivors, evacuated at Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA) Village at Taysan, Legazpi City on the effectiveness of information dissemination of the CDCC, survivors are aware of the programs of CDCC , however there were barriers that affected the information dissemination process. 2. CDCC warned the survivors in order to disseminate information about the typhoon Reming through the radio. It used Bikol as the medium of information dissemination to consider the clarity of information relayed to the public. 3. Most of the respondents impart that the CDCC was effective enough in disseminating information which was one of the reasons why they have survived Typhoon Reming. 4. The information warning given by CDCC resulted in an overwhelming response of the survivors to prepare immediately. Conclusion Based on the findings, the following conclusion were derived. The typhoon Reming survivors were aware when it comes to how the city disaster coordinating council (CDCC) of Legazpi City

Communication THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF TYPHOON REMING SURVIVORS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INFORMATION DISSEMINATION OF CITY DISASTER COORDINATING COUNCIL (CDCC) LEGAZPI CITY
BY JERON ALMORADIE HONORIO ANDES- BENITEZ III REY CANON ANGELO MELLA TAIMAK SEVILLA MAYDEN VALLADOLID Abstract This was an attempt to determine the effectiveness of information dissemination of information dissemination of City Disaster Coordinating Council (CDCC) to the Typhoon Reming Survivors, evacuated to the metro manila development authority (MMDA) village taysan, Legazpi City on the latters warning, preparedness plan, mitigation of CDCC particularly on the program and information conveyed to the typhoon Reming survivors. This study serves as a yardstick to the CDCC and to the survivors of the typhoon Reming who are the studys respondents. Awareness and knowledge of the environment allow the people to have access to matters they ought to have. This includes right to live and right to be safe from all possible dangers the environment may pose. This is why disaster management is important, especially in a calamity prone country like the Philippines. In Legazpi the resident depend on the CDCC for notice on imminent natural calamities. This study is interested on the level of awareness of typhoon Reming survivors on the effectiveness of information dissemination of City Disaster Coordinating Council of Legazpi City.

implements policies and regulations regarding NDCCs disaster management program the survivors got the information disseminated by the CDCC mainly through the radio using the Bikol vernacular. The warnings given by the CDCC were effective to most of the survivors in MMDA village. The survivors responded to the information disseminated by the CDCC by preparing before the disaster struck this might have saved them from the typhoon. Recommendation In view of the forgoing and conclusions, the following recommendations are hereby forwarded: The public should look into the significance of the City Disaster Coordinating Council of Legazpi City. It is important to have trust in authorities like CDCC for they are ones knowledgeable on things like disaster preparedness and migration. They find ways for people live without fear of something that is unexpected like calamities such as typhoon Reming. It also recommends that the CDCC should conduct seminars and trainings on disaster preparedness not only to their people but the public as well. Tasked agencies of the government like CDCC, PHILVOLCS and PAGASA conduct Seminars, conference and drills, in preparation for a disaster. The study also recommends that the CDCC should propose disaster councils in every schools and universities who will convey every information/disaster warning coming from the CDCC, PHILVOLCS and PAGASA in time of calamities. Compilation 2008 Humanist Principles as Guide for a commensurable doctrine on Religion Ganji A. Fujimoto. Statement of the problem: This study focuses on the formulation of humanist principles that could srve as guidelines for arriving at a commensurable doctrine on religion. In order to arrive at this the following questions must be answer: 1. What are the strengths and weakness of religion? 2. How do we arrive at a commensurable doctrine for religion? What are humanist principles needed in such a commensurable doctrine?

3. How do these principles serve as guidelines to arrive at such a doctrine? 4. What are the implications of the said commensurable doctrine in a given context? Conclusion: Religion as seen in the world has obvious strengths in society. The strengths identified are as follows 1) religion becomes the source of the social identity of believers, 2) it becomes the basis of human life, 3) It sustains standards for ethics and normativity, 4) it organizes social cooperation, and 5) it influences other social superstructure and substructures.

Influence of Religious Affiliation to the Voters in Tabaco City by

Bautista, Manilyn R. and Llamas, Cyril H. Statement of study aims the problem This research study aims to assess the influence of religious affiliation to the behavior of voters in Tabaco City. 1. Do religious institutions set guidelines among its member in electing candidates? 2. Do these guidelines influence the voters in electing candidates during election? 3. Do members of religious institution encounter problems in the guidelines set by their religious institution in electing candidates? 4. What recommendation can be offered in order to solve the problems encountered? Recommendations 1. The leaders of religious institution must continue in encouraging their members to choose carefully and wisely the political leaders they would elect. 2. Religious leaders in order to ensure that their members. How,ever, they must also realize that thses members are rational beings and can think and decide for themselves. Their freedom of choice must be observed and respected. Members of religious institutions must be fully aware of the influences of their religion. But then, they must follow their conscience and be guided by their teachings in order for them to elect the rightful leaders. 3. Aside from being aware of the influences if their religion, members must also be aware of the problems that they may encounter in the system of voting in their respective religions. They must have the guts to say no to their congregational leaders especially if it goes against their personal convictions. 4. The researcher believes that there is a need to solicit the opinions of the members

regarding the guidelines set among them by their religious institutions. Members must be included in the deliberations; in this way, their opinions are being raised and heard. 5. Seminars on responsible voting must initiated or conducted by the religious institutions for their members to be politically educated. Factors Affecting Behavior of Youth Electors in 2007 Elections Sheena Mea M. Porciuncula Statement of the problem This study aimed at presenting the factors affecting the behavior of youth electors in the 2007 elections. This study sought the answer to the following questions: 1. What are the factor affecting the behavior of youth electors in the 2007 election? 2. What is the level of the effect of these factors? 3. What are the problems encountered by the youth electors with regards the May 14, 2007 elections? 4. What are the recommendations to solve the problems encountered? Findings: 1. The factor affecting the behavior of youth electors for casting their votes in the 2007 election are: influence of politicians; influence of family members and relatives; influence of friends of church; self motivation; and desire to exercise the right to suffrage. Moreover, the following factors affected the youthe electors in casting their votes to a particular politician: propoor/identification with the masses/ approachability; high credibility (true to his promises); and, trustworthiness/ kindheartedness/ dedication to service of the politician. Likewise, they were affected by the following in not casting their votes to a particular politician: poor platform of government/ poor capability for good governance; inapproachability to individuals needing utmost attention; low credibility (broken promises) poor loyalty of service to the people; disgust with politician/ political parties/candidate. 2. The effects of the factors affecting the behavior of youth elector in the 2007 are varied in its level. 3. Both the youth voted are those who did not vote encountered the absence of information on the backgrounds of the candidate and came out as the foremost problem during 2007 elections.

4. To address the problems encountered during 2007 election, the youth electors suggested providing the voters with information on the candidates, background during elections. Observance of the right of a person under custodial investigation Edgar Tusi II and Albert Romulo Mora 1. What right of the persons under custody are observed in Masbate city jail in accordance with article III, section 12 of the Philippine constitution? 2. What problems encountered by the a) PNP and b) person under custody in the observance of the right of the person under custody in accordance with art. III. Sec. 12 of the Philippine constitution in Masbate city? 3. What recommendation can be offered a) PNP and b) person under custody in the observance of the right of the person under custody in accordance with art. III. Sec. 12 of the Philippine constitution in Masbate city? Findings 1. Based on the data gathered the rights of the persons under custody that we observed by the PNP and by the person under custody in accordance with art. III sec 12 of the Philippine constitution were the prohibition of the use of torture, force or intimidation that is being employed, the right to informed of the right to remained silent, and the right to have n attorney or council, and the prohibition for being held in secret, incommunicado, or similar forms of detentions 2. The problems that were encountered by the respondents in the observance of the rights of the persons under custody in accordance with the article III section 12 of the Philippine constitution were the insufficient availability of public lawyers to counsel the persons under custody, the persons under custody were not aware of their constitutional right and the lack of proper orientation of the police officers and persons under custody regarding the custodial investigation 3. The recommendation offered to solve the problems encountered in the observance of the right of the persons under custody in accordance with article

II section 12 of the Philippine constitution include that, if possible, personnel from psychairic department for counseling be provided for; that the government should provided additional public lawyers who are dedicated to their services and that, the persons under custody must be properly informed of their constitutional right. Recommendation 1. That the persons under custody must be properly informed of their constitutional rights during the conduct of custodial investigation. 2. That the government should provide additional public lawyer in their custodial investigation in order to council and to advise the accused on what to do, so they would be aware of the conditions of their case as an accused 3. That, if possible, personnel from psychiatric department be provided in their custodial investigation for counseling 4. That police must be have a regular seminar about the rights of the persons under custodial investigation.

TITLE: FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPLIANCE OF THE CITYGOVERNMENT OF LEGAZPI TO THE BENEFITS AND INCENTIVES OF ITS EMPLOYEES Author: Alvarado, Mildred B. and Binas, Mary Rose G. This study sought to identify the factors affecting the compliance of the city government of legazpi to employees benefits. Specifically, it answered the following questions: 1. What are the mandated benefits and incentives of the national government to its employees embodied in circulars? 2. What are the benefits and incentives enjoyed by the employees of the city government of legazpi 3. What are the problems encountered by the city government of legazpi in the compliance of the benefits and incentives mandated by law? 4. What solutions may be recommended to eliminate or eradicate the problems encountered by the city government of legazpi in the compliance of these benefits?

PHOSPATE CONTENT OF SELECTED LAUNDRY DETERGENT Marvin Bobby L. Sodsod 2009 This study determined the phosphate present in commercial laundry detergent. the analysis of commercial detergent for phosphorus in the form of phosphate were of two parts. First the phosphate which was present as tripolyphospate must be broken down (hydrolyzed) to phosphate. Then the resulting solution must be diluted and treated with the reagent, ammonium vanadomolybdate, which forms a yellow compound with phosphate. The intensity of the phosphate. The solutions were analyzed with a spectrophometer and the concentration of the phosphate determined using a calibration curve. Specifically, this study sought answers to the following questions: 1. What is the phosphate content of selected commercial detergents? 2. What is the phosphorus content of selected commercial detergents? 3. What possible measures could be adopted to reduce the amount of phosphates in waste water? Based on the problems, the following findings were derived. ABSTRACT

This study revealed that Company A which is the manufacturer of three leading brands (brand a, b and c) of laundry detergents exceeds the allowable limit dictated by United States Environemental Protection Agency, which ranges from 9.9 to 13.2 % phosphorus by weight. Meanwhile, brand d to g is within the allowable limit ranging from 0 to 5 percent phosphorus content. Brand d, which is manufactured by company B, one of the well known companies in manufacturing industry of bath soap, shampoo, laundry, dishwashing detergent and soap contains only 0.5 by weight. Brand f, which is repacked in the country, made of an Indonesian company. Both Brand a, b, c, (company A), d (company b), and f (company D) were made by foreign owned companies while Brand e (company C)v and g (Company E) were manufactured by Filipino owned companies. Company A, which is the producer of Brand a, b and c laundry detergent in the country, and one of the biggest manufactures of laundry detergent in the country, and Brand a, b and c, were the leading brands of laundry detergent in the market. Thus, as shown in the results of the they would be great contributors of phospuhros contaminants in waste water. Excess phosphate in waterways can cause rapid algal growth. An alga robs water of dissolved oxygen, essential for aquatic life. This study shows that the percentages of phosphorus of detergents produced by Company A all exceed the allowable limit while company B, c, D and E produced laundry detergent which is within the allowable limit. This implies that Company A does not comply with the United States Environmental Protection Agency is suggestion on phosphorus content. The United States is very particular with the environmental but them Company A is an American owned company. Thus, an American owned company, when not in the United States, does not comply with their own law regarding the environment. This also shoes that the Philippines is not particular with the environmental law regarding the phosphorus content to laundry detergent. this study, therefore, suggest that all commercial laundry detergent should be monitored of their phosphate content which should be within the allowable limits suggested by United States Environmental Protection Agency. Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn: Company A which is the producer of Brand a, b and c laundry detergent and one of the biggest manufactures of laundry detergent in the country and Brand a, b and c ere the leading brand of laundry detergent in the market, thus, as shown in

the results it would be a great contributor of phosphorus contaminants in waste water. Excess phosphate in waterways can cause rapid algal growth. An alga robs water of dissolved oxygen, essential for aquatic life. This study showed that the percentage of phosphorus of products produced by Company A all exceed the allowable limit while companies B, C, D and E produced laundry detergent which is within the allowable limit. Pollution control measures should be adopted to minimize the disposal of phosphate containing detergent and to reduce the phosphate contaminant in the environment. Based on the conclusions, the following recommendations were made: Use only brand of detergent that contain phosphate within the allowable limit set by United State Environmental Protection Agency. Patronize company which produces laundry detergent which is environment friendly. Adopt measures that will reduce the contamination of phosphate to environment, A thorough study should be conducted on the pros and cons of using phosphate containing laundry detergents to the environment. A study should be conducted on the phosphate content of bath soaps, shampoos, and dishwashing and car washing detergent. ACTING METHODS OF STANISLAVSKI AND BRECHT IN SANGGOT NA BULAWAU Jecelle B. Balute Frank A. Belbes 2009 The plays Sanggot na Bulawan has a multileveled reality because it talks about the past, the present and the future realities of the mining activities in Rapu-Rapu. The play is instrumental in presenting the real life situations in the islands through the acting methods applies. The study answered the following questions: 1. What particular acting method would be most effective in portraying the roles of Carmelo and Amada in Sanggot na Bulawan? 2. To what particular scenes can these acting methods be applies? 3. How these acting methods affect the audience? The researches used the descriptive and qualitative analysis. Being par of the restaging and recasting of the whole production, the researchers were able determined the effectiveness of Stanislavski and Brecht acting method on the play through acting as a toll in conveying the message to the audience and how these acting methods affected.

This study proved that the two methods of acting, Brechtian and Stanislavski could be used effectively like a pair of shoes in conveying the message of the play to he audience even if they are dramatically opposed. The Brechtian method, and the Stanislavski Method are the acting methods applied in acting out the roles of Amada and Carmelo in Sanggot ne Bulawan. In the prologue, Realistic Acting was applied with Amada crying and relating what happened to her son. In Scene 1 An Amigo, Realictic acting was applied when Amada was left on the stage and when she moved backward, dropping her character and calling her make up artist. As the make up artist entered, the actor applied Brechtian method of acting. In scene 2 Carmelo, realistic acting was applied in Carmeloc confrontation with jun, together with May Mada entered at the latter part and uttered her words of regret. In scene 6 ECC Realistic acting w applied when Amada was dreaming, and then Carmelo and Amada dropped their characters to establish the Brechtian Acting and when the girl left they reverted to Realistic acting. In scene 8, Pure realistic acting was applied in the scene wherein the effects of the minig was shown. In scene 9 Kadagatan, Realistic acting was applied in the scene where Carmelo rode a Brecgtian acting was applied in the scene where Carmelo entered and told the audience the ill effects of the mining company. The two acting methods are much opposed to each other but applying them simultaneously is Sanggot na Bulawan proved to be very useful. The interplay of Stanislavski and Brechts acting methods helped in the effective conveyance of the plays to the audience. The actors application of Stanislabskis realistic acting succeeded in letting the audience imagine the real situation of Rapu Rapu. Island and the life of the people there. Brechtian acting applied by the actors alienated the audience and created humor instead of just feeling the emotions evoked in the play. Hence the audience was able to see that the play like the society, is dynamic and ever changing. Complation 2009 SEMANA SANTA AS DIALECTICAL HERMENEUTICS John Errol Abrahan Adornado 2009 Our country is characterized by variety of cultures and traditions. Each region is unique in the practices they observe. This is because each region is inhabited by different ethnic tribes. Each tribe has their own way living. These variety and multiplicity are not just seen in the regional context but in the

religion also. The Roman Catholics liturgical calendar is full of activities. Almost every month, there is a celebration in commemoration of historical event or a saint. A signification of this fact is seen every month in the celebration of fiestas. One of the most significant events in Roman Catholics liturgical calendar is the Lenten season. The aim of the study is to uncover philosophical ideologies based on the local observance of the season particularly Holy Week which start from Palm Sunday until Easter Sunday. This tradition in the people. Basically, obe of those experiences includes the Semana Santa with all its attached practices existing within the community. These practices perhaps are determined by their tradition. People show their respect by merely participating in the activity and expressing it in their life experiences as a catholic. In the activities of the people the traditions they have are manifested. This study answred the following questions: 1. What are the traditions seen in the Semana Santa of Pilanduta, Masbate? 2.How do we give valuations of Semana Santa as a religious practice? 3. How do we interepret the nature of valuation of Semana Sanata? 4. What is the dialectical hermenuitics of Semana Santa? After the interpretations and through the aid of Dialectical Hermeneutics of Gadamer, the researcher was able to discrive Pulanduta celebration of Semana Santa. From the general notion of Semana Santa, viewed by the people and interpreted according to their own concepts, the researches therefore concludes that the act of celebrating Semana Santa is something that is rooted to tradition, culture and ancestors. They have their own meaning of the celebration. Pulanduta views the celebration with seriousness and as part of their spiritual life. The celebration of Semana Santa has meaning, and a good expression. Through the celebration of Semana Santa, the people Become one with God; the religious events are simpkt source of peopless concern with the material world towards spiritual world; it is an explication og God as being with his people. Semana Santa as a religious practice has different meanings as compared to the church. People faithfully participate on the celebration because of strong beliefs, personal and communal intentions. In this sense the truth and meaning of the seman santa were observed in their local context. They celebrate Semana Santa with great impact which will lead them to the realization

of what it really stands for. They event can be more useful when an interpreter uses it on his own views. PRACTICE AS A SOLUTION TO THE NEUTRALIZATION TENDENCY AND SELF REFERENCES OF PHILISOPHICAL THEORIES Jesus S. Huelva III 2009 What is philosophizing by the way? We, philosophers, seek answers to the questions concerning every man. We want to prove that wonder is really the beginning of philosophical thinking. We think, no matter how futile the subject is, solutions. We want answers. Never in a philosophers life did he not aspire to become a better person. And that is the aim of questioning for what is an answer but empty without the jot of having it, of living for it. There are too many problems, too much mental strains, yet too little answers. And a philosophers desire is still burning. The aim of this work is guided by the following questions: 1. What is neutralization tendency? 2. What is self rereference? 3. Is there really a neutral position in philosophy? 4. How shall we prove philosophical theoriesself referemce? 5. Hoe shall we arrive at a neutral position without going into self reference, i.e. how shall we solve the problem of self reliance 6. How shall we relate our solution to the criteria for systematic Bikolano philosophy? To answer the first question raised in this work, neutralization tendency is the attempt to pose an overall view. The history of philosophy is the series of neutralization tendicies. But we now recognize that there is an underlying self-referential tendency in all philosophical theories. Selfreference, to answer the second question, is the self refutation, self contradiction or self-critism of a theory. This shows that, to answer the third question, neutral position is impossible. The fourth question is how shall we prove it? Let us try Lawsons theory of closures. He argued that philosophical theories are only closures that serve as ways of closing the openness of the world. If that is the case, then his theory is just another closure, and it cannot be a genera theory about the status of the philosophical theories. We conclude, as the fifth question asks, that we should not justavoid this theoretical paradox, rather we must judge our theories according to their effectiveness in bringing forth relatively enduring vital benefits. As we also realize that there is a temptation to assume the possibility of a greater neutral position, we should not give in to it. We should consider that the mind of man is non-attitude,

then let it not remain as an intellectual power but a political one, too. Let us legitimize this method in the openness of the world. The aim of practice in the questions. Philosophizing is not about saying; it is about doing and living. Let us start by contextualizing our thoughts that have practical bearings and are likely to produce practical effect. To answer the last question, let the Bikolanos power pragmatize in their context. UTANG NA LOB BILANG PANTAYONG PANANAW SA KATUNAYANG SOSYAL Jose Felix L. Robrigido 2009 No Abstract

THE WATER QUALITY OF THE PURIFIED WATER OF AQUINAS UNIVERSITY OF LEGAZPI Jennielaine G. Clemen 2009 Clemen, Jennielaine G. the water quality of purified water of Aquinas University of Legazpi. (Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, Aquinas University of Legazpi, Rawis, Legazpi City, October 2008. This study would like to explore the water quality of the purified water at Aquinas University Water Refillinf Station. The specific purpose of the study was to analyze the purified drinking water produced from Aquinas University of Legazpi (AUL) water refilling station. The study therefore, sought to answer the following questions necessary to the study: 1. What are the physical characteristics of the purified refilled water in Aquinas University of Legazpi (AUL) water refilling station in terms of: a. Color b. Turbidity c. pH 2. What are the chemical content of the purified refilled water in Aquinas University of Legazpi (AUL) water refilling station in terms of: a. Nitrate

b. Iron c. Sulfate d. Total Dissolved Solids e. Total Hardness 3. What is the shelf life of purified bottled water from AQ water refilling station? 4. What is the quality of the purified drinking water from AQ water refilling station? Derived: The physical characteristics of the purified drinking water in Aquinas University of Legazpi Water Refilling Station were measured In terms of ts color, turbidity and pH. The color of the water source and of the produced water were both less thatn 5 or below the allowable limit. This implies that the color of the source and produced was less that 5 units which means that was within the allowable limits. Results show that both the water source and the produced water have 1 GTU. Turbidity was not reduced by the process used by the Aquinas University Refilling Station, The pH of water source was 6.34 while the produces water was 8.84. this implies that the pH of the produced water (purified water) was nearing towards neutrality. The chemical content of the purified drinking water in Aquinas University water Refilling Station was measured in terms of it nitrate content, sulfate, iron, total dissolved solid TDS and Total Hardness. The nitrate content of the water source was 0.572 while the produced water was 0.482. both the water source and the produced water was very far from the permissible limits but results showed that there was a decrease in nitrate content in the produced water. This implies that the process used to purify the water reduced the nitrate content. The iron content of water sample was very much lower compared to permissible limits. But even then this was still a slight decrease in the produced water as shown in the above results. The sulfate content of the water source was 10 while the produced water was 3. Though the results for both the water source and produced water was very much below the permissible limits of the Department of Health but results showed that the process used by the Aquinas University Refilling Water Refilling Station revealed that there was a decrease in the sulfate content in produced water compared to the water source. Meaning the process was efficient in reducing the sulfate content. The Total Dissolved Solids of the water source was 370.5 while the produced water was 42.9. Data shows that there was a significant change in the water source compared to produced water. This shows that the process used by the

Aquinas University Water Refilling Station was very effective. The hardness of water source was 200 while the produced water was 0. This implies that the process used to purify water In the Aquinas University Water Refilling Station was very effective as shown by the results. After 54 days there was no evidence of microorganismsgrowth or algae growth in the refilled purified water. Algae grow is best if water contains phosphate and nitrates, since these two compounds are components of fertilizers. As shown in the aboce results the nitrate contents of source and purified water were 0.572 and 0.482, respectively study shows purified water, that has all contaminants removed by a distillation process does not interact with PET packaging and has an unlimited shelf life of stored properly. Water quality is the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water in relationship to a set of standards. In the Philippines, Water Quality Standards is created by the Department of Health for drinking water. Based on the findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were proposed: Since the findings of the physical characteristics and chemical content of the result is within the range of the permissible limits of the drinking water standards, it is safe to drink the purified drinking water produced from the Aquinas University of Legazpi water refilling station. Within 54 days or 1 month and 24 days of water storage, it is still safe to drink the water from Aquinas University of Legazpi Water refilling station. The shelf life observation can be extended until the time one can find any microorganisms or contaminants present in the drinking water.

STRATEGIC MECHANISMS AS BASES FOR RESTRUCTING SOCIAL JUSTICE FROM RAWLSS POLITICAL CONCEPTION OF JUSTICE AND WALZERS COMPLEX EQUALITY Julian Lester S. Fernandez 2009 Pluralism has been one of the major obstacle in achieving social justice, even in a democratic society like the Philippines. With different cultures, traditions notions of good and interpreting what is just become more difficult. Certain practices that exclusive to certain groups of the people embedded through their cultures may not be acceptable to others. Other groups may tend to dominate much weaker groups and impose different notion of good. Laws of the supposed to be

subscribed to be subscribed by all members of a democratic society still has different meaning and interpretation. Social injustice occurs when personal prejudice, traditional practices, cultural differences, moral background, social orientation, and religious affiliation come in the way with the objective interpretation of justice. Social justice occurs not only on the people involved, but also on the institution in which they belong.

AN ALTERNATIVE EPISTEMOLOGY BASED ON RECONSTRUCTION KANTS THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE USING JAMES THEORY OF TRUTH Carmello Olavario Siapno 2009 Epistimology according to St. Thomas is the science of knowledge. During the modern period, there emerged two main divisions of epistemology according to the means of knowledge empiricism which makes use of the senses as the sources of knowledge and rationalism which is concerned with the knowledge produced by intellect through the use of pure reason. Both of these two schools of thought speak of truth and are towards the objective, but they are in contrast to each other. Empiricisms argues that sense data is the ultimate source of knowledge for it interprets the reality itself/ anything which is not sensed is considered as not existing and therefore not true. One of these is universal ideas. Knowledge can be achieved through intellectual reflection whether there are sense impressions or none. But these two theories of knowledge have their own flaws: empiricism is blind of rational evaluation and rationalism is insensitive of sense of particulars. This study them aims to anwer the following problems. 1. what is the weakness of synthetic a priori in epistemology. 2. What is the implication of pragmatism in epistemology 3. How do we reconstruct the weakness of Kants theory of knowledge using Jamestheory of truth? 4. How do we justify such reconstruction? 5. What are the substantial principle of such affective hermeneutics? Synthetic a priori a systemic paradigm of production of ideas and thus knowledge. The combination of sensual and intellectual provided objective, concrete and well grounded knowledge. Such theory led the researcher to this critique it

delimits knowledge to sensual and cognitive faculitiesof human being. Hence, truth is seen as something within reality and without from the mind. The mind is viewed to be camera that copies the truth in reality, a mirror, a passive faculty. The weakness of such theory is it confines knowledge to sense and reason. Rthere are things that cant be justified in just these two sources of knowledge. Epistemology in pragmatic sense is concerned with the functions of ideas in experience. For something to be regarded as true, it must be use in experience. This denied the concept of truth as absolute and objective since truth is constructed according to that which is pragmatic or of use. It also stresses subjectivity. What is useful to me may not be useful to you. My interpretation of things may not be your interpretation due to variations in experience and of viewing experience. Another important implication is the concept of experience as the determining factor whether an idea is pragmatically true or not. Experience distinguishes those ideas which are function and those which are not. PRAGMATIZING SARTES NOTION OF EXISTENTIAL MAN Randy Janoras Doctor 2009 Because the world need a thorough explanation of things that are not well established, great philosophers and experts have carefully explored the world in its reality. Some prove to be consistent but others verge on extreme interpretations. Whatever the case maybe, the world needs of clear manifestations of itself maidst ife mysteries. People set standards and systems to enhance not only their capabilities but also their opposing conflicts realities in order to arrive at a certain conclusion. There conflicting realities involve there being. It is through these realities that people understand the things around them. While it is true that man is able to arrive at a certainty through science formulation process and human experience, he is also able to determine his role to others, but somehow thee seems to be a void within him in spite of his achievement. The problem of this thesis is to see the possibility of existentianalism 1. What is the main idea of Sartes existential man and pragmatism of James? 2. How is it possible that we can pragmatize the notion of an existential man? 3. What are the procedures, considerations and critera on how to pragmatize?

4. What is man after pragmatizing? Sartes notion of man is primarily his existence and what defines existence is mans action and freedom. A man cannot commit an action without practicing a single freedom that he establishes within himself. This freedom contains what man wants to do for himself. Not disregarding the values and morals of the society man is condemened to be free. This menas man is that he makes himself; and he creates himself out to be. He is the creator of himself alone. He creates the dictates of his life, of what to do and decide. This sense is the total practice of freedom. No onw determine his actions but himself. But this freedom is changing as long as he pursues his life as existing. This freedom contains limitations even. What makes mans freedom limits freedom in the sense that all our actions even if they are condemnded will always be responsible especially towards himself man itself and to others. Actions not only speaks of freedom but how to become responsible using it. In this, man makes himself because he is responsible to ir and a process man will always tend to participate with others existence. He cannot deny that he exists alone. Man admits from the very beginning that in order for my existence become meaningful and real he has participate in others existence so he can see exercise his freedom. The action of man will always be based on what it will give him. Mans action is medium of how man satisfies himself and others. This satisfaction is dependent on the use and consequence of his actions. Of course, mans action is always directed to what will benefit with him. To complete this action or to act on that action, the freedom of man is conditioned for that action to be finished or to be guaranteed satisfaction. Kames elaborated merely the facts that what is useful whatever works is true, not disregarding its goodness and badness. However, this reality is dynamic and changeable since the action of man is not constant. In this case, the action of man is continuous because whatever works is dependent on the succession and accomplishment of human action. What is useful today may change tomorrow because of its different benefits. The freedom of man contains responsibility as he continues to live in his existence. His action is directed to what is true and real. By his freedom, he practices his own values and moral. He cannot escape from the society for the society serve as the training ground of his action. His values and morality are primarily his responsibility., ethics for him is what benefits one person but that person must be responsible as long as the process continues. His

freedom or his action tends to be pragmatic. It is pragmatic because it is unending process and practice of what benefits himself, even it its evil as long as it will give him benefits. His nature is to continue to be pragmatic. He cannot be one sided for not choosing is a choice itself. The end of human action is the end of his freedom and existence or his health. What matter is how man makes himself when he is alive in the world. How he utilizes the given privileges and oppurtunities that he has through his actions, is what matter most as long as that it gives benefits. To be pragmatic is the chance to be responsible for our own. What benefits us should make our should make ourselves responsible. Choosing evil is indeed a decision that benefits us. What matter is that freedom is always used to be part of the good as to look for meanings, progress and prosperity in life. IDENTITY AS EQUILIBRIUM OF FREEDOM AND LAW BASED ON AQUINAS AND KANTS NOITION OF LAW AND SARTES AND MARCELS NOTION OF FREEDOM Ted Angelo M. Husain 2009 The notion of law and freedom emphasizes the importance of human identity to realize mans existence which motivates him to react to the things he is or was experiencing. This paper attempted to establish to balance between and law based on the notion of human identity as their equilibrium and hoped to resolve that law should not compromise the freedom of man in the exercises of such liberty. Specially, it sought anwers to the following. 1) what are the strengths and weaknesses of the notion of law according to law Aquinas and Kant? 2) what are the strengths and weaknesses of the notion of freedom according to Sartre and Marcel? 3) what are the concepts and principles that can reconcile freedom and law? And 4) how can the reconstructed notion or principles on law and freedom be synthesized? To attain these goals, this study focused on the notion of law by Aquinas and Kant and on the ideas as well as how law should be implemented; the latter on the other hand, capture the reality that man exists, he exercises his freedom as everyone should. Moreover, this inquiry in its aim to establish balance between law and freedom likewise took into consideration mans innate identity which is common to all dignity. This study undertook two major steps in this undertaking: the critique or comparative method and reconstruction. The critique or comparative method facilitated the presentation of the different notions and principles of the philosophers in their views of law and

freedom. Through comparison andcontrast od the schools of thought of the philosophers a new idea could be conceived of the schools of thought of the philosophers a new idea could be conceived since the comparative method facilitated the identification of the strengths and weaknesses of each viewpoint. The reconstruction method, on the other hand, delved into conceptualizaing nad formulating noitions that would defend and establish how identity would be the equilibrium of law and freedom. This technique was utilized to conceptualize a new idea based on the premises that would support the claim that human identity, indeed is the equilibrium of law and freedom. Based on the critique and reconstruction undertaken, the study derived at the following conclusion: first, the strength of the notion of law of both Aquinas and Kant is that they provide a fixed and profound way of making laws that are in consonance with one another. Both philosophers emphasized that laws should be drafeted with an end view of promoting the welfare of the people. Second, the strength of the notions of freedom of both Satre and Marcel is that emphasizes the participation of man with other beings as mans fundamental nature. As existentialists, they believed that it is only through participation or being with others that man is able to exercise his freedom towards the realization or fulfillment of his essence. Third, the principle if dignity reconciles freedom with law since laws should prioritize the dignity of man when it comes to formulating the laws that are good in their very nature. Laws prioritizing the dignity of man would help uphold the self esteem and self respect of every individual not only for himself but for others as well. Last it is possible to synthesize the reconstructed principles of law and principles of law and freedom by having a common ground of the two, that is both of them will promote goodness to all mankind. Moreover, the concept of dignity proves to be a privotal point on how to formulate laws and how to exercise freedom.

PHENOMENNOLOGY OF LOVE AS HOBBES ETHICAL EGOISM Armie Relieve Cervantes 2009 The researcher arrives at the conclusive Phenomenology of love as Hobbes ethical egoism. For first, the human reality condition about love is that it is the product of Ethical Egoism. This means that act of loving is naturally and inevitably towards ones self interest. Thomas Hobbes posited his Ethical Egoism to support his Social Contract Theory which is a political matter. However, the Ethical Egoism does not just stay on a political basis which others notice but also on a phenomenological aspect because it deals with the emotions which are the things that encounters phenomenon. So love as an ethical egoism ecplains that man which the nature of affirming life or expressing life by means of loving is a way so that one-self fulfill its needs to attain self interest. The phenomenological attitude and phenomenological method are integral parts for uus to arrive in the in the true signification of love. The certainty of this study relies on Husserls Phenomenological method: epoche, eidetic phenomenological reduction, transcendental phenomenological reduction and phenomenological attitude in having an objective and philosophical facts validated to the I who had experienced the phenomenon, which love. And, since love is an emotion, and the root of emotions is the ego itself, then the root of lovee is egoistic. That love, to be general, is egoistic in nature. That the phenomenology of love is egoistic conforming to what Thomas Hobbes states in chapter 11 of the book, Leviathan, which is about the being of the ethical egoism. The result of the study brought us into broader human realities of man. Love ia seen as unified concept to human, descriptive and reflection so being held in mans action. With also the use of Epoche, whihch means finding the essence of the experience on the act of loving, and lastly, transcendental reduction which is the meaning of the I ego instead of loving, it will be my loving. In the completion of these two rivals in the idea of Love. Thus, as formed in human reality, man could defined phenomenological. Love as ethical egoism, which means acing / loving due to self interest. So to end this research, Husserls Phenomenological method used to the idea of love is in nature a product of Ethical Egoism.

Identity as Equilibrium of Law and Freedom based on Aquinas and Kants Notion of Law and Sartes and Marcels Notion of Freedom By: Ted Angelo M. Husain 2009 The notion of law and freedom emphasizes the importance of human identity to realize mans existence which motivates him to react to the things he is or was experiencing. This paper attempted to establish to balance between freedom and law based on the notion of human identity as their equilibrium and hoped to resolve that law should not compromise the freedom of man in the exercise of such liberty. Specifically, it sought answers to the following: 1) What are the strengths and weaknesses of the notion of law according to law Aquinas and Kant? 2) What are the strength and weaknesses of the notion of freedom according to Sarte and Marcel? 3) What are the concepts and principles that can reconcile law and freedom? and 4) How can the reconstructed notion or principles on law and freedom be synthesized? To attain these goals, this study focused on the notion of law by Aquinas and Kant and on the ideas of freedom by Sarte and Marcel. The former notions capture the origin of law as well as how law should be implemented; the latter, on the other hand, capture the reality that as man exists, he exercises his freedom as everyone should. Moreover, this inquiry in its aim to wstablish balance between law and freedom likewise took study undertook two major steps in this undertaking: the critique of comparative method and reconstruction. The critique or comparative method facilitated the presentation of the differen notions and principles of the philosophers in their views of law and freedon. Through comparison and contrast of the schools of thought of the philosophers a new idea could be conceived since the comparative method facilitated the identification of the strengths and weaknesses of each viewpoint. The reconstruction method, on the other hand, delved into conceptualizing and formulating notions that would defend and establish how identity would be the equilibrium, of law and freedom. this technique was utilized to conceptualize a new idea based on the premises that would support the claim that human identity,

indeed, is the equilibrium of law and freedom. based on the critique and reconstruction undertaken, the study arrived at the following conclusion: first, the strength of the notions of law of both Aquinas and Kant is that they provide a fixed and profound way of making laws that are in consonance with one another. Both philosophers emphasized that laws should be drafted with an end view of promoting the welfare of the people. Second, the strength of the notions if freedom of both Sartre and Marcel is that it emphasizes the participation of man with other beings as mans fundamental nature. As existentialists, they believed that is is only through participation or being with others that man is able to exercise his freedom towards the realization or fulfillment of his essence. Third, the principle of dignity reconciles freedom with laws that are good on their vey nature. Laws prioritizing the dignity of man would help uphold the self esteem and self respect of every individual not only for himself but for others as well. Last it is possible to synthesize the reconstructed principles of law and freedom by having a common ground of the two, that is both of them will promote goodness to all mankind. Moreover, the concept of dignity proves to be a pivotal point on how to formulate laws and how to exercise freedom THE PERCEPTION THE LEVEL OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES OF PILAR, SORSOGON Bose, Noel Allen R. Aguilar, Francis M. 2009 Ordinances are any authoritative decree or law created for the purpose of reacting upon specific concerns of the scope by which its effect encompasses, and that it has long helped and complimented the general good of the public that it may be said that without it, chaos would truly plunge on the localess doorstep. Ordinances that are created within the scope of the municipal ordinances. The protection if the many aspects of the commen interests of the public can be seen and measured by how well the ordinances are implemented, followed and respected by the affected. Moreover, as the complecities of life increase, ordinances do increase as to keep a check on it. These are created for the purpose of meeting the end goals to solving the problems, uplifting and supporting the common interests of the general public which its scope defines what is to occur and limits itself upon. With these, the municipal government can construe its promises and basically, the purpose by which it exists.

This study aimed to determine the level of implementation of the ordinances of Pilar, Sorsogon. It specifically sought answers to the following. 1. what is the perception on the level of implementation of the municipal ordinances of Pilar along: a. Transportation b. Health c. Youth Development d. Peace and Order e. Nutrition? 2. what are the perceived problems encountered in the implementations of the municipal ordinances of Pilar, Sorsogon: a. Transportation b. Health c. Youth Development d. Peace and Order e. Nutrition? 3. what recommendations can be offered to solve the problems encountered in the implementation of the municipal ordinances of Pliar along; a. Transportation b. Health c. Youth Development d. Peace and Order e. Nutrition? This study rests on the theory of Dynamic Evaluation. This theory claimed that the determination of the progress of a project is not only the separate views of the implementers and the people whom it serves, but the convergence of both. Both on the data gathered from the questionnaires distributed among the respondents, the following were the findings: 1. Most of the respondents believe that the ordinances are fully implemented. 2. there are few problems encountered in the implementation of the ordinances. These are the following: a. Overcharging the fare on any road the tricycles for hire pass through b. immorality of allowing a child to work. c. lack of visibility a patrols at night. 3. there are few recommendations offered to further improve the implementation of the ordinances. Implementations: 1. The local government of Pilar must continue and improve their performance in implementing the municipal ordinances of Pilar, Sorsogon by providing decisive schemes that would promote strict implementation of the ordinance through the employment of personnel to supervise and independently assess the performance of the implements;

2. The implements should adopt clever designs and schemes coming from other municipalities that were able to minimize problems in the implementations of ordinances related to the problems encountered in the municipality of Pilar, Sorsogon; 3. a. The improvement of Pilar economically and politically goes directy hand-in-hand with the servitude of its officials. The people must also help in the implementation by following the municipal ordinances and must be observant of the law itself; b. This will also inform the municipal officials of Pliar, Sorsogon on what to do in reaction to the assessment of the respondents. Such information is vital for the further development of municipality. Therefore, the municipal officials, not only in Pilar, may review the data employed to them by this study for the betterment of the citizens they are obliged.

THE PERFORMANCE OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF TABACO IN THE DISPOSITION OF CRIMINAL FOR THE YEAR 1997 2001 Mamerto N. Buban III 2009 This study is primarily aimed to determine the performance of branch 17 of the RTC in Tabaco City in the disposition of criminal cases. Specially this sought answers to the following questions: 1. How many criminal cases were filed in in 1997 2001? 2. What is the status of the cases in terms of: a. decided cases b. transferred / archived cases c. pending cases d. disposed cases within and beyond the time frame 3. What are the problems encountered by the RTC- Tabaco Branch 17 in the disposition of the criminal cases? 4. What are the programs implemented to address these problems? This study is anchored on the very principle of the courts that a justice delayed is justice denied, as well as the principle on the speedy disposition of cases. Efforts were made to ensure that there was no duplication of this study through the review of literatures and studies. After exhausting all possible means to establish the uniqueness of this study, it has been found out that no study of the same focus was yet conducted.

After all the necessary data were collected, collated, interepreted and analayzed, the following were the findings of this study: 1. Number of field criminal Cases in 1997 2001 Data showed that in the period 1997 2001, there were 263 cases that were filed in Tabaco RTC branch 17. There were 37 cases 0r 14% filed in 1997; 57 cases or 22% cases filed in 1998; 79 cases or 30% were filed in 1999; 49 cases or 19% in 2000; and 41 cases or 16% were filed in 2001. 2. The study of cases in RTC branch 17 Tabaco City The filed are either decided, transferred / archieved, pending and awaiting trial, and among the decided cases some were disposed of on time while the others were not a. Decided Cases of the 263 total filed cases from 1997 2001 only 124 cases were decided. Among the total of 37 cases filed in 1997, 12 of them were decided; 33 out of 57 cases filed were decided in 1998; 48 cases out of 79 filed were decided in 1999; 17 cases out of 47 cases filed were decided in 2000; and 14 out of 41 cases filed were disposed of in 2001. b. Transferred Cases A total of 108 cases out of 263 were filed in the period 1997 - 2001 were transferred. Twenty out of 37 cases filed were transferred in 1997; 20 out of 57 cases filed were transferred in 1998; 28 out of 79 in 1999; 23 out of 49 filed cases were transferred in 2000; and 17 out of 41 cases filed were transferred in 2001. c. Pending Cases of the 263 cases from the 1997 until 2001, 31 of them were noted to be pending. The data revealed 5 pending cases out of 37 cases filed in 1997; 4 out of 57 in 1998; 3 out of 79 in 1999; 9 out of 49 in 2000; and 10 out of 41 were pending in 2001. d. Number of disposed cases within and beyond the disposition time frame The total number of disposed cases were 124, and 72 of them were settled beyond time frame, while only 52 were settled within the time frame/ out of 12 disposed cases in the year 1997, 6 were disposed of within the time frame and the other half beyond the reglementary period; in 1998, 15 out of 33 decided cases were disposed of within the time frame and 18 were disposed of beyond the specified time frame; out of 48 decided cases in

1999, 18 of them were disposed of within the time frame and 30 were disposed of beyond; in the year 2000, 6 out of 17 were disposed of within the time frame, and 11 beyond; and, in 2001 the court was able to dispose half of the cases, that is 7 out of 14 have been decided. 3. Problems encountered by the court in the disposition of cases The following were the problems encountered by the Tabaco RTC branch 17 in the disposition of cases: 1. Existence of cases that are still pending 2. Shortage of judges assigned to the court 3.Clogging of court dockets due to cases arising from petty crimes 4. Absence or lack of appointed judge in the family court 4. Programs Implemented to address the problems To address the problems encountered in the disposition of cases, the following programs were implemented: 1. Ceration of guidelines in conducting mandatory continuos trial 2. Mandatory creation of special criminal courts 3. Creation if mediation 4. Creation of family court and appointment of judge designated in every branch of the trial courts Conclusions Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. there was a varied number of filed cases from 1997 2001, the largest being filed in 1999 and the smallest in 1997. 2. There is a variation in the status of criminal cases filed in Tabaco RTC Branch 17. 2.a. There was a low percentage in decided cases; however, it is not attributed to the personal flaw of the judges concerned but to the circumstances outside human nature. 2.b. Many cases were transferred that affected the performance assessment of Tabaco RTC branch 17, as evidenced in the high percentage of transferred cases that resulted to the low percentage of the decided cases. 2.c. There were pending cases, they were however on a very low percentage. Nevertheless, these cases affected the performance assessment of Tabaco RTC branch 17. 2.d. Tabaco RTC branch 17 was barely able to comply in the 90 day reglementary period mandated by law in the disposition of

cases; however, it is not due to the incompetence of the judges concerned but because of some other reasons beyond their control. 3. The problems encountered by the Tabaco RTC branch 17 hindered the efficiency of its service. 4. Tabaco RTC branch 17 is doing something to remedy their problems encountered by implementing programs to address if not eradicate the problems/ Recommendations Based on the foregoing conclusions, these recommendations were proposed. 1. With the large number of cases being filed in Tabaco RTC branch 17, it is highly recommended that additional judges and prosecutors be appointed, and additional branch be established to avoid if not eradicate low percentage in deciding cases, pendency, transfer; and henhance disposition of cases in accordance with 90 day reglementary to address the problems in order for Tabaco RTC branch 17 to enhance its service to its clientele. 3. w workable scheme must be designed to minimize if not avoid pendency of cases and transfer of the same. 4. The Philippine judicial department must conduct studies to reexamine the condition and status of Tabaco RTC Branch 17 in particular and the Regional Trial Courts in general. 5. Further studies of the same vein, especially on the effectiveness of the programs implemented to address the problems encountered in the disposition of cases are enjoined.

EFFEECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICE IN THE MAINTENANCE AND ORDER IN LEGAZPI CITY Kimberly D. Azas Jenica A. Adea 2009 This study was conducted to look into the effectiveness of Public Safety Officers in upholding peace and order, and problems encountered in maintaining such in Legazpi City. It aimed to benefit the policy makers, Legazpenos, the Philippine National Police, Local Government Unit of Legazpi City, future researcher and students of Political Science. Specifically the study sought answers to the following problems.

1. How effective is the Public Safety Office in maintaining peace and order along; a. Law enforcement b. Crime prevention c. Apprehension 2. What are the problems encountered by Public Safety Office in the maintenance of peace and order along; a. Law enforcement b. Crime prevention c. Apprehension 3. What are the recommendation to improve the Public Safety Office in maintaining peace and order along; a. Law enforcement b. Crime prevention c. Apprehension The study focused on the Effectiveness of Public Safety Office in maintaining peace and order, the problems they encountered in maintaining peace and order, and the recommendations to offer to resolve the problem encountered by the Public Safety Office in maintaining peace and order. The study employed the descriptive method of research. The data were gathered through a survey questionnaire. Sampling technique was use to determine the respondents, since there is a big population size. The sample size of 135 was considered. Thirty fourth year students from the sample of College of Arts, Sciences and Education of Aquinas University who reside in Legazpi City and 93 Philippine National Police members and 12 Public Safety Officers were identified respondents of the study. Three major indicators were used to measure the Effectiveness of Public Safety Office in maintaining peace and order. A. Law enforcement. Based on the data presented, Development of Bike Patrol to enforce traffic rules, Deployment of personnel in Main Street of Legazpi City and Providing assistance of barangay officials in enforcing curfew hour were rated 1.8 which is considered effective, followed by the 1.9 rating (effective) for Conducting checkpoints to enforce traffic rules and wearing of half face helmet/ 1back rider policy and Roving of patrol officers to enforce smoke free ordinance are effective. Providing security assistance on special occasions was rated 2.1 or effective B. Crime Prevention. From the data gathered. The visibility of Public Safety Officers in Public Safety officers in Public places was rated 1.9 and Deployment of Public Safety officers in main street of Legazpi City was rated 1.7 interpreted as effective.

C. Apprehension. Along apprehension of violators. The coordination with victims and Issuance if citation tickets were rated 1.7 and classified as effective. In the apprehension of snatchers the filing cases was rated 1.7 and classified as effective and in apprehension of smokers on public places the filing of cases was rated 1.8 and was interpreted as effective and in apprehension of reckless drivers and traffic violators Issuance of citation tickets was rated 1.9 or effective. Based upon the data gathered, the study concluded that Public Safety Officers is effective when it comes to law enforcement, crime prevention and apprehension. Thus, this study recommends that in terms of Law enforcement, Public Safety office should monitor strict implementation of ordinances and political connection should monitor strict implementation or ordinances and political connection should be disregarded. Conduct proper information dissemination and orientation. The government should provide incentive to the Public Safety Officers, in order for the PSO to be more motivated to do their job. In terms of crime prevention, Public Safety office should conduct proper community coordination. The government should provide more support such as financial and equipment to the Public Safety Officers. And in terms of apprehension, Public Safety Office must conduct sufficient trainings and seminars. Conduct recruitment of personnel to provide additional personnel and for them to be able to perform their job completely.

effects of mass media to the political views of the students as the mass media is situated at a crucial position in the political life of the students. The continuous growth and uninterrupted development of the society also demands deeper understanding and studies that would explain and clarify those issues that are not noticeable but create a huge impact on every citizen, person or social being. The study is regarded important to AUL students for they are more exposed to different Media brought by the needs of their requirements as a college students. Since AUL students are assumed to be responsible and matured ones, this study will contribute to their professions and field someday. In addition, it will guide the media practitioners, of other listeners future researches and the public. This study aimed at presenting the effects of mass media on the political views of the AUL students. It employed the descriptive survey method and the researchers used structured questionnaire to generate data and sought to answer the following questions: 1. What form of mass media do AUL students resort to? 2. What kind of programs or segments do they listen, watch and read? 3. How does the mass media affect the political views of AUL students along: a. voting? b. government? c. politicians? 4. What problems do AUL students encounter in their exposure to different kinds Of mass media? 5. What recommendations may be offered to improve the programs/segments That affect the political views of AUL students? This study is guided by the given assumptions: 1. That there were mass media used by AUL students. 2. That there were different programs/segments studied viewed. 3. That there were mass media that affect the political views along: a. voting, b. government, and c. politicians. 4. That there are problems encountered by AUL students while being exposed by the mass media. 5. That the students have certain recommendations in order to improve the

THE EFFECTS OF MASS MEDIA ON THE POLITICAL VIEWS OF AQUINAS UNIVERSITY STUDENTS Joann Del Rosario Vivian t. Vasquez 2009 The curiosity of the researchers being political science student to the completion of this study. It puts emphasis on the possible and gradual

Problems encountered. Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Television is the most commonly used type of mass media by the students of Aquinas University of Legazpi s it is accessible to them, easily to be understood and most of them owned television at home. They are interested in the actual happenings on the scene. What people see on television is an education for them which run a close to real life. In addition, they are being mesmerized by the features offered by the television as it is one package for the senses. 2. The kind of programs/segments that the students of Aquinas University of Legazpi usually listen, watch or read are identified that in terms of radio: news reports; television; entertainment; internet; music videos; films; comedy and print media entertainment. Therefore, most of the respondents resorting in using the programs/segments of the mass media are more interested to what suite them or for their personal interest only to know the information. It is hard for the students to determine the world of mass media in acquiring information. Consider that the cinema is also part of the mass media. There are an increasing number of the students that have difficulty in distinguishing fact from fiction. Some students were citing film and television shows as a sources of information. 3.3 A.) Students political views were affected by the mass media in terms of voting through giving the students enough information and by clearly defining the issues about election and by providing a deep sense of responsibility on voting. However, it does not assure that they will able to participate in electoral processes. 3. B.) Students political views on perspective on the government was greatly affected by the media in their view and on how they foresee responsible government as it promotes social awareness, moral and spiritual values. It also gives updates current and important issues on the government which the certain issues led to disappointment to the present government due to factual surveys and studies. 3. C) Students political views on perspective on the political were affected in which it provides ways for the identification of the politicians and because of this it encourages involvement in the development and monitoring responsibilities and through media they now have an acess to know who is on the position and it gives deeper understanding of the platforms of governance of politicians.

4. Exxagerated news report and unreliable sources of information came out as the foremost problem if the students in resorting to mass media. 5. there are some areas of the mass media that are needed to be improved and changed. And in order to address the problems encountered by the students, the students suggested that the mass media must avoid news exaggeration, improve the credibility standard of the commentators, focus on current and updated issues, improved the communication skills of anchors/hosts and provide reliable source for every issues. Plus, they have to improve visual images, navigation processes, monitor redundant links and they should improve characterization of actor to avoid bias expression of their personal opinion.

THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS ON DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF PUNONG BARANGAYS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BACACAY Charlotte A. Arive Maria Ena B. Gruba 2009 Barangays exists to discharge the responsibilities conferred upon their by law or ordinance and to promote the general welfare of their inhabitants. The significant roles of barangays in national development are given more emphasis which means that the barangay officials have to face greater demands and challenges in line with their work. This study evaluated the level of awareness on duties and functions of Punong Barangays in the Municipality of Bacacay. Specifically, it aimed Punong Barangays in the Municipality of Bacacay. Specifically, it aimed to answer the following questions: 1.What are the level of awareness on duties and functions of Punong Barangay as: a. Presiding Officer,

b. Implementer of laws and ordinances, and c. Lupo Chairman of Katarungang Pambarangay? 2. What are the problems encountered by the Punong Barangays in exercising their duties and functions? 3. what are the recommendations to solve the problems encountered in the exercise of the duties and functions of Punong Barangays? Based on the data gathered the following are the findings of the study: 1. The level of awareness on duties and functions of the Punong Barangay as presiding officer, with an overall weigthed mean of 4.7 interpreted as very aware, showed that the respondents perceived the condition 81-100% of the time 1.1 in terms of level of awareness on duties and functions as implementer of laws and ordinances, the overall weighted mean was 4.26 which means moderately aware. However, they were very aware of enforcing laws and ordinances which are applicable in the barangay for the general welfare of the communities, interpreted to have 4.73 weighted mean. 1.2 Lupon chairman of Katarungan Pambarangay, the indicator the Punong Barangay shall give notice to constitute the Lupon, which shall include the names of proposed members who have expressed their willingness to serve within its fifteen days from the start of his term got the highest weighted mean of 4.83, which implied that the respondents were very aware of duties as Lupon Chairman of Katarungang Pambarangay. And, the indicator The Punong Barangay enables various conciliation panel members to share with one another their observations and experiences in effecting speedy resolution of disputes had the lowest weighted mean of 4.4, which showed that the respondents were much aware on their duties as Lupon Chairman of Katarungang Pambarangay. 2. In terms of problems encountered as presiding officer the indicator lacks the knowledge on precedence of motion in parliamentary proceedings got the highest frequency of 22 or 73%. 2.1 In terms of problems encountered in the exercise of duties of the Punong barangay as Lupon chairman of Katarungang Pambarangay, the indicator Lack of proper training and educational seminar that enable the members to discharge their functions properly and effectively got the highest frequency of 28 or 93%. And the indicator Indequate members of lupon to formulate plans for speedy resolution of disputes had the lowest frequency of four and percentage of 13%. 3. The highest recommendation given to solve the problems encountered as presiding officer was to

educate members of the sanggunian on basic parliamentary rules and procedures which had the frequency of 24 or 28% However as implementer of laws and ordinances, the indicator which states, there must be enough funds to support the projects implemented in the barangay was the foremost recommendation given. While to conduct proper training and educational seminar that will enable the members to discharge their functions properly and effectively had the frequency of 29 or 27%, was the major recommendation as Lupon Chairman og Katarungan Pambarangay. Based on the findings of the study, the researchers concluded that: 1. The punong barangays were very aware of their duties and functions as presiding officer to call and preside over the sessions of Sangaguniang Barangay and the barangay assembly. 1.1 The Punong Barangays were very aware that they should enforce laws and ordinances which are applicable in the barangay, which implied that the respondents were familiar of their obligation which is primarily to promote the general welfare of their constituents. 1.2 The Punong Barangay performed excellently as Lupon Chairman of Katarungang Pambarangay to give notice to constitute the Lupon, which shall include the names of proposed members who have expresses their willingness to serve within its 15 days from the start of his term of office. 2. Lack of knowledge on precedence of motion in parliamentary proceedings, was the basic problem encountered by the Punong Barangay in the exercise of their duties and functions as presiding officer. 2.1 In the exercise of duties and functions of Punoong Barangay as implementer of laws and ordinances, the common problem encountered was lack of funds to support the projects to be implemented in the barangay. 2.2 Lack of proper training and educational seminar, was the problem encountered in the discharge of duties and functions of Punong Barangay as Lupon Chairman of Katarungan Pambarangay. 3. The members of sangguniang barangay were not knowledgeable enough in terms of precedence of motion in parliamentary proceedings; there were not enough funds to support the projects being implemented in the barabgay as the basic problem encountered by the Punong Barangay as implementer of laws and ordinances; must therefore conduct proper training and educational seminar for Punong Barangay for them to be able to perform their obligations effectively.

The following are the recommendations of the study: 1. the LGU should utilize the expertise of the academe on parliamentary rules and correspondence. 2. Adopt and strictly oberve internal rules regarding sessions and decorum. 3. Enact tax ordinance and energize local financial resources by initiating fund raising activities. 4. The Local Government must conduct proper training and educational seminar to all newly elected officials prior to assumption of office. 5. The Local Government should also give due recognition to government officials who have excellently performed their duties and functions 6. The Sangguniang Barangay must conduct at least once every quarter the State of Barangay address. 7. the DILG conduct updating of the skill of the local officials. Areas for further Studies The following topics are recommended to be pursued as fields of future reseatch: 1. Replication of this study as to other City/Municipality 2. The Effectiveeness of Punong barangays in discharging their duties and functions. STUDY ORIENTATION AND THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF VARSITY PLAYERS OF AQUINAS UNIVERSITY Mary Rose A. Candia 2009 This study investigated the relationship of study orientation and academic performance of the varsity players of Aquinas University S.Y. 2006 2007. This study also sought to investigate the relationship between the study habits and study attitude to the academic performance of the varsity players. There were 30 varsity players who participated in this study. The study utilized the Survey of Study Habits and Attitudes (SSHA) tool in gathering the data. The profile was described in seven areas measured by the SSHA, namely the Delay Avoidance (DA), Work Methods (WM), Study Habits (SH), Teacher Approval (TA), Education Acceptance (EA), Study Attitudes (SA) and Study Orientation (SO). The average academic performance of the varsity players was also obtained having a computed GWA of 81.41 This study found out that there is a strong and significant relationship between study orientation and academic performance having r value = 0.95

This study also found out that there is a weak significant but significant relationship between the study habit and academic performance with r value = 0.36. s ersk but significant relationship also between study attitude and academic performance with r-value = 0.25. Implication and recommendations for research and practice in the field of education were discussed. Copmpilation 2010 Society in the Light of Freedom and Will: Implication on the role of Self-Descipline Towards Emancipation. Ricardo V. Arcilla Jr. Abstract: The paper attempts to provide a critical analysis on personal, political and social crises in the context of Morality, Freedom, and SelfDescipline, towards emancipation from immoral Slavery brought about by the Problem of Self, which is viewed as its root cause it largely argues that an individuals main problem is himself and lack of self discipline. Thus, in order to solve the Problem of Self, man has to undergo a certain process of emancipation through Traditional Methodological Approach in the course of understanding and then substantiating Self-Descipline as a Necessary Praxis and Expression as Duty. A View on Neo-Marxism Based on the Political Thoughts of Habermas and Nozick Ralph Recto F. Fuentes Abstract: This paper aimed to provide a view on NeoMarxism based on the political thought of Habermas and Noxick through reconstruction of their political ideas (Habermas Action and Nozick private Property) that will give us a view on Neo-Marxism, an imaginary perfected and just system; it primarily argues that we need to have a just system that will govern the society. As citizens we should know our rights and undersnd the issues in the society as rational thinkers of this democratic country. Isang Pananaw: Ang Konsepto ng Libog bilang Estetika sa Katunayng Etikal John Ezra G. Vargas Pahayag ng Sulinarin. Ang pag-aaral na ito ay isang pagsusubok na makahalaw ng isang pananaw sa pagkahayag ng libog. Susubukang sagutin nito ang ilang katanungan:

1. Ano ang mga karakter, elemnto, mukha at kompusisyon ng libog? 2. Matapos maihayag ang konsepto, paan ngayon maisasalin o mababasa o maipapaliwanag ang libog gamit ang teorya ni Michel Foucault na, Critical Hermunuetics, (gamit ang pilosopiya nina Foucault at Aquinas, at 3. Magbigay ng mga simulain o prinsipyo ng libog sa pananaw na estitikall sa katunayang etikal base sa mga naipakita. Konklusyon -Ang libog ay galling sa ating kapaligiran at sya ring naninirahan sa ating katawan. Iyon ay natural at marapat lamang na mapagtuunan. Ang ating libog ay nakadepende sa kapaligiran humuhulma ng ating pagkatao. -ang libog at sekswalidad pag na perpekto ng tao ay nakakaya niyang kontrolin ang kanyang sarili at gumalaw sa kanyang lipunan ng Malaya at walang takot at hiyang tinatago sa kanyang kamalayan. Richard Rortys Philosophy Pragmatism Joseph L. Magalona Towards Neo-

legitimizing, reliable, categorical, normative, acceptable, valid, good and self-validating. Than as Substantiate, out of the two said Philosophies Neo-Pragmatism as Constructivist in framework through Thomistic view and Pragmatic principles in forming effective Fraternity with the sole end for the common good in the banner of truth became the researchers stand in this paper. By means of speculations and by using Thomas Aquinas theories (of Metaphysics, Epistemology and Ethics) and Richard Rortys theories (of Truth, Mind and Morality), the discussion grasped and realized its goal which is effectivity.

The Work-Related Problems of Mental Health Workers of the Holy Face Rehabilitation Center for Mental Health in Tabaco City Statement of the Problem This study sought to identify what the workrelated problems of mental health workers of the Holy Face Rehabilitation Center for Mental Health in Tabaco City are. It also sought answers the following sub problems: 1. What are the problems encountered by mental health workers at Holy Face Rehabilitation Center for Mental Health in terms of: a. Workplace b. Relationship with patients c. Relationship with family of patients d. Center management relationship with coworkers e. Compensation f. Other responsibilities 2. What do these mental health workers do to manage their work-related problems? 3. Despite these problems, what motivates mental health workers to remain in their line of work? Conclusion: The patients having chronic psychosis, a less threatening type of schizophrenia, can be very well managed by the mental health workers is the center. The patient related problems can be classified into two, constant and intermittent. Constant problems refer to situations and patient behaviors that the workers need to address every time they report to work. In other words, these types of problems are ever present in the nature of their vocation. These include attitude of patients towards actives, poor performance in activities of daily living, and individual eccentrities of the patients. how the workers deal woth this boils down to understanding.

Research problem: 1. In what way do we justify (act then upon) Thomistics veracity of knowledge nowadays? 2. How do we now practice the ideas given by the Thomism (St. Thomas Aquinas Philosophy in the search of truth) if little by the little its tradition and practices are already dying. 3. How do we encourage people to turn from being liberal to morally obedient to the standard of the Catholic Church given our Thomistic Knowledge? 4. Is Richard Rortys Pragmatism enough to cope with the furthance of life when it leads people to go against the Catholic Church? 5. Is it possible to bridge Aquinas and Rortys Pholosphies in order for true harmony and peace to become real? Conclusion: Thomism must cinsider human condition as simultaneous with human nature. In the same way, Richard Rortys philosophy (postmodernism) must view human right processes as bases for objectivity. Then, Neo-Pragmatism must complement human rationality as identity with the capacity of sense of reasonableness at the same time. Human Reason and Rights must be reflective, commensurable,

Understanding in a way that a worker fully comprehends technically that these behaviors are unavoidable symptoms of the illness; and understanding in a way that the worker has the patience and sympathy to carefor the patient. Bomba Rommel B Borilla Objectives: Aquinas Uneversity of Legazpi is an institution that develops instuctianal and Educational Campaign materials (IECS). One of the baccalaureate of the institution under the College of Arts, Sciences and Education is the Bachelor of arts in Communication where the students are trained to be competent professionals equipped with broadbased knowledge in communication research, multimedia and broadcast media communication. With this, this study produced a video documentary entitled, an advocacy material for protection, development and conservation of marine ecosystem that focused on the effects of blast fishing on marine habitat, livelihood and health of people in the affected community to the community and to the concerned government and non-government agencies about the effects of blast fishing and the existence of illegal fishing.

f.

Penalty for engaging in illegal fishing should be increased in terms of imprisonment and fines. Seminars about fishery laws must also be condected. g. A task to protect the fish sanctuary must be formed. h. A ban on all of destructive fishing methods must be initiated. Contractualization as a Labor Practice in the City of Legazpi Merry Joy C. Bongalon This study is deemed important to the workers/employees, students, labor unions, the Department of Labor and Employment, the National relations Commission and the future researchers. The study was also anchored on the theory of blind Obedienc. Furtheremore, a number of related studies and literature were included that dealt primarily with conractualization as a labor practice in the City of Legazpi. The study was devised to determined how contrutualization was practiced by employers in the city of Legazpi. The study answer to the following questions: 1. Does contructualization exist in the City of Legazpi? 2. What is the effect of contruatilztion as a practice on the following: a. Hiring b. Benefits c. Employment status of workers? 3. What can be the implications of contractualization to a. Hiring b. Benefits c. Employment status of workers? Gencies Conclusion: 1. The national Labor Relations Commission claimed that Contructualization does not exist, however various companies in the City of Legazpi claimed that a least 10% of the total population of total workers per company is contractual. These contract workers are hired. 2. In contractulization many workers do not have job stability or security of tenure. Because of contractualiation contract workers do not receive as much as what regular can claim because labor unions do not accept them to be part of the bargaining unit; hence

Recommendations: On the basis of the video production Bomba, the following recommendations are hereby suggested: a. There is a need to intensify the implementation of R.A. 8550 Sec. 88 b. The fishermen and the coastal community oR and other related sectorsshould help the fisher folk and community to engage in various industries concerning fisheries, as well as help them attain a sustainable economic status. c. Alternative livelihood programs should be introduced to the coastal residents to provide them sources of income. d. Bomba shall be used as an anti-dynamite fishing campaign to make them realize the hazards of destructive fishing to the marine treasures, livelihoods and even the lives of the fishermen who engage in the practice of dynamite fishing. e. The video production should educate the community resources users to make them aware and to ensure that the coastal residents know the conversation and protection measures of coral treasure.

they cannot negotiate for better compensation. 3. Contractualization of labor affects the workers are becoming marginal workers after several months being of the very nature of the contractualization, it also influenced the security of tenure of the worker, where the worker cannot anymore extended his contract because employers would not want them to be regular employees. Street Children in Tabaco City Rose Ann D. Lianko Abstract: This study focused on the street chidren in Tabaco City. This study was anchored on the theory of Karls Marx on class Conflict and on the Hierarchy of Needs by Abraham Maslow. The researcher used the descriptive methods of quantitative and qualitative research with the use of questionares. Population of the study consisted of the fifty respondents, they are the local government officials, CSWD staffs and other sectors of the society. There was 100 percent retrieval rate. Data gathered were subjected to analysis. Frequency count and percentage awerenthe statistical tool used, specifically, it answered the following sub-problems 1. What are the kinds of street children in Tabaco City, 2. What are the causes of the proliferation of streetin Tabaco City, and 3. What programs may be adopted to lessen the proliferation of street children in Tabaco City?

3. what are the problems encountered in the implementation of the drug testing program in terms of: a. Facilities b. Man Power c. system and procedure 4, what is the recommended solution to improve drug testing programs? Conclusions: The research came up with the following: 1. There is a law that governs the implementation of the drug testing program for applying a drivers licenses stated in R.A. 9165 also known as the Dangerous Drug act which served as the basis for implementing the program to fight drug addiction control not only among drivers but also to the entire citizen within this city 2. There were no cited accidents and incidents involving the use of drug due to the implementation of the drug testing program by LTO. 3. Hygiene is important in implementing drug test since woman are more prone to uninary tract infections which may be brought by unsanitary laboratories. 4. There were noted flaws on the implementation of the drug testing program. Howver, the agencies cpncerned are doing all efforts to implement such in the best way can. The process can still be improved and perfected in the future. Psychological needs of selected students in Aquinas University with Absentee Overseas Filipino Worker Fathers: A Multiple Case Study. Gizelle A. Magdaong Abstract: The study found that the children of the OFW fathers have high psychological needs for Succorance- to have others provide help when in trouble, to seek encouragements from others, to receive a great deal of affection, to be helped by others when depressed; abasement to feel guilty when one does something wrong, feel the need for punishment for wrong doing, to feel depressed by inability to handle situations; edurance keep at a job until it is finished, complete any job undertaken, work hard at a task; and aggression- to attack contrary points of view,to tell others what on thinks, and to criticize others publicity.

The Drug Testing Program of Land Transportation Office in the City of Legazpi. Christian John D. Espedido Statement of the problem The main objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of drug testing to the public of Legazpi city and its impact to the commuters; The study speciaficially sought answer to the following questions: 1. what law governs the implementation of the Drug Testing Program of Lean Transportation Office in the City of Legazpi. 2. What are the effects of drug on the following. a. Drug addiction control amng the Public Utility Drivers of Legazpi City? b. the incident of various vehicular accidents in the City of Legazpi?

A case Study on Problems Encountered by Adolescents with Separated. April Jan Stephanie R. Ragragio Abstract: This case study determined the problems encountered by adolescents with separated parents in terms of home and family, adjustment to school, social-psychological relations and moral and religion. It also determines the percetions of adolescents with separated parents in terms of home and family, there were five respondents of this study, two females and three males. Their age ranged from 20 to 24. The definition of adolescents in this study broadened because of the the respondents. The respondents answered three questionares, personal date sheet, the mooney problem checklist and the proactive coping inventory. After which they underwent individual indepth interview. Result showed that the problems of adolescents with separated parents according to their answer on their Mooney Problem Checklist and in the in-depht interview in terms of home and family were family quarrels, unable to discuss certain problems at home, parents separated or divorced, parents, not telling parents everything, parents expecting too much from them, not trusting them, sickness in the family. Their problems in terms of adjustment to school were getting low grades, poor memory, not interested in some subjects, unable to express self in words, missing too many days in school, not spending enough time to study, afraid of failing in school work, not liking school, worrying about grades, trouble with mathematics, and worrying about examinations. Their problems in terms of social-psychological relations were being too envious or jealous, finding it hard to talk about troubles, sometimes acting childish, being easily hurt, wanting a more pleasing personality, lacking leadership ability, being made fun of speaking/acting without thinking, being disliked by someone, being criticized by others, having feeling of extreme loneliness, hurting people feelings, not getting along well with other people, and being too timid or shy. Their problems in terms of moral questions, confused in some religious in some religious beliefs, not going to church often, affected by racial or religious prejudice, parents are old fashioned in their ideas, and cant forget some mistakes made.

College admission test and Nursing Aptitude Test Performance of Freshmen Nursing Students of Aquinas University. (Rhyan V. Yap) No Abstract. SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERINCE AMONG THE PATIENTS WITH END- STAGE RENAL DISEASE BY JAIME ANGELO F. REMONTE The present study id a descriptive survey method which is intended to describe and interpret the data to know the social and psychological experiences among the patients with end-Stage Renal Disease at Bicol Hemodialysis Center located at Legazpi City. The study used in enumeration to determine the respondents in this research. A total of fifty-two (52) patients who are under hemodialysis were included in the study. The statistical used were frequency count and mean score. The demographic profile such as age, gender and marital status of the patients was also determined. In terms of the age of the respondents most of them belong to 35-59 years old or in the middle of the adulthood category. In terms of the gender of the patients, majority are male. On civil status of the patients, most are married who are under hemodialysis. As to the nature of ESRD, 42.3% of the respondents are suffering from the ESRD for 3-5 years already. In terms of Onset of illness, 22 patients were already under hemodialysis 3-5 years or 42.3%. in the causesif illness, 42.2% of the patients are revealed that the cause of their illness is uncontrolled high blood pressure. As to the length of treatment, all 52 respondents undergo hemodialysis session for 4 hours per session. In terms of frequency of treatment, the highest frequency is twice a week session of hemodialysis. As to Social experience of the patients, in terms of finances of the family, most of the patients get help in the government institutions like PhilHealth andPCSO. As to Social Support, most of the patients share their experiences with other patients undergoing hemodialysis. In marital issues, most of their patients share their problems about their illness to other patients. As to family issues, patients are always happy if their family shows full

support to them. As to religious beliefs of the patients, mostof the time patients feel the presence of God in overcoming their illness. As to Psychological experiences of the patients, in terms of cognitive aspect most of them learned so many things for having ESRD. In terms of emotional aspect, most of the patients, they hope that with hemodialysis their illness will be cured. In terms of interpersonal relations of the patients, most of the times they ask help specially from their family or their old friends if nessesary. As to their coping mechanism, most of the time they turn to their family for support.

the child mostly in their Social Emotional State. Implications of the study and recommendations were discussed.

ABSTRACT Title: THE LEVEL OF PREFORMENCE IN NEGLISH GRAMMAR OF THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF THE COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND EDUCATION IN AUL Author: Lezel B. Lorilla Type of Document: Undergraduate Thesis

Unpublished

Educational Intervention of Sexually Abused Grils: A Multiple Case Study Martha A. Laguilles

ABSTRA CT The study used as a multiple case study design and aimed to find out the profiles of selected sexual abused girls in haven for Women and Girls in Ligao City. It investigated the kind of Educational Intervention offered by the Center and how it was given to the girls. Finally, how the intervention as part of the Centers program was adapted to their Treatment Plan and changes manifested by the girls as a result of the intervention were also examined. The participants were five girls ages 10-19 (years old) and were selected using the Purposive Sampling Method. A one on one interview with the key informants was conducted and Social Case Study Reports were gathered. IQ levels, status of case, proximity of available school, and willingness of the child to study are the factors to consider so that one can undergo appropriate Educational Intervention. Improvements were seen from

This study attempted to determine the level of performance of the Second Year Students of the College of Arts, Sciences and Education for S.Y. 2010-2011 in English grammar focusing on Parts of Speech. It answered the following question: 1. What is the level of performance of the second year students in the College of Arts, Sciences and Education along English grammar? 2. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the students in College of Arts, Sciences and Education on English grammar? 3. What measures and recommendations could be done to enhance or improve the weaknesses of students in College of Arts, Sciences and Education on English grammar? This study made use of the descriptive method of research to describe the level of performance in English grammar focusing on parts of speech of the second year students. The objective type of test on grammar was used to determine the level of performance of the respondents. Through a researcher-made tests administered to six 60 students, the study came out with the following significant findings. The obtained data were gathered from the results of the study. 1. The level of performance of CASE second year students in English grammar focusing on parts of

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speech showed that identifying nouns, the general weighted mean (GMW) was 89.1% and had the descriptive rating of high performance. In identifying pronouns, the general weighted mean on pronoun identification was 88.62% and was rated high performance. The respondents performance level along identifying verbs was rated low with 76.93% weighted mean. It implied that the respondents have not mastered some grammatical formations of the verbs. The level of performance of the respondents was average in using adverbs; they got 87.88% weighted mean. CASE second year students performance level using adjectives was lo which was 78.33% weighted mean. 6. In using prepositions it was clearly confirmed that the mean performance level was low which is equal to 80.07% only. The level of performance of the respondents along the conjunctions an connectors was 83.37% weighted mean described as average performance. The level of performance CASE second year students on the use of interjections was 84% weighted mean or average performance level. Thirty (30) respondents or 50% of them could not identify interjections in the given sentences. The total average performance level along parts of speech obtained by the respondents was 83.53% weighted mean and it is an average level of performance of the respondents. The strength of the respondents along parts of speech were on nouns and pronouns. The respondents got

89.10% weighted mean on noun identification and 88.62% in identifying pronouns which were rated as high performance level on the said area. The respondents were poor on the following parts of speech: in using verb the students got very low score which was 76.93% only, in identifying adjectives CASE second year students got low performance too, 78.33% and the last was in the use of prepositions with 80.07% only and this was also low performance level. The research treated these as their weaknesses. The following recommendations are derived from the results of this study. 1. Writing skills CASE second year students can be developed through reading. Reading offers writers a lot of benefits; some reading materials contain jargon words that could be useful for them in the future. Love of books will lead students to love and develop writing, be exposed to the English language and enhance their knowledge or improve their vocabulary skills.

2. Constant practice in writing is a great way to develop and hone ones skills. Pre writing is an efficient way to make writing perfect. With this, the students in the College of Arts, Sciences and Education should be encourage to write their ideas in English is the medium of instruction to develop students writing skills and they should be exposed to activities were they can practice identifying errors in syntax and be given a chance to revise or improve sentences which are wrongly constructed. 3. Students should follow the basic grammar rules; write concise and complete sentences, proper use of subject and verb agreements, prepositions, conjucations and correct spelling. The tech aspect of writing should be mastered to be able to manipulate the

language to express their feelings properly. 4. Parents and teachers should support students interests in other forms of writing, encourage them to write poetry, comics and essays to develop their own style and flair of writing, enhance vocabulary skills and grammar skills. 5. CASE second year students should put into practice an extensive reading activity that will expose them to a broader range of vocabulary, develop writing skills and grammar skills. 6. When jargons are encountered while reading the use of lexions is significant to become familiar and be informed of the words meanings.

ABSTRACT BARON,Khristopher B.TANNIN CONCENTRATION OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE BOTTLED TEA DRINKS AND THE FACTORS AFFECTING TANNIN CONCENTRATION (Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis Aquinas University of Legaspi, Rawis,Legaspi City,October 2011)

Online references provide up to date information that could be useful to develop ones diverse vocabulary. 7. The instructors should encourage students to play word games of puzzles to enrich vocabulary and comprehension skills. 8. Second year students of CASE should know their weakness on parts of speech as part of grammar learning so that they will have an idea on where the problems lie. 9. Students must undergo a diagnostic test on parts of speech at the start of the semester to be able to identify their strengths and weaknesses. 10. Students must be exposed to activities wherein the four communication skills using English language are developed. 11. Teachers must hold enrichment classes focusing on English grammar. 12. The university must support and improve the programs of the English department such as remedial of enrichment classes.

Tea contains tannin that reacts with protein and iron.Beacause of this ,tea may pose some threat to people with potencial to have iron deficiency and those already suffering from the condition

This study explored the concentration of tannin in commercially available bottled tea and the factors affecting concentration.The specific purpose of the study is to analyze the tannin content of commercially available bottled tea.The study therefore,sought to answer the following question:

1. What is the concentration of tanninin commercially available bottled tea drinks? Does color intensity influence it concentration? 2. What types of tannins are present in bottled and brewed tea?

3. What are the effects of the following factors on the concentration of tannin in tea drinks?

a.

temperature of water

b. time of brewing c. pH d. adding tea addictives like lemon limon),calamansi (C.microcarpa) extract or milk (C.

The following findings were the results of the study Based on the results of the color comparison of bottled and brewed tea, it can be said that the intensity of the tea color has a direct correspondence with the concentration of tannin content of the tea of tannin. The tannin content of Brand B is approximately 94.185 mg tannin, 78.5 mg for Brand A (500 ml) and 56.16 mg for Brand C (480 ml).This amount in smaller comparison to the tannin content of one cup (approximately 230 mL) of tea which is 266 mg according to the U.S Department of Agriculture .This means that drinking a bottle of commercially available bottled tea has lesser effect on the iron absorption as they have lower tannin content. Having smaller amount of tannin compared to one cup of tea, these bottled tea drinks provide less health benefits provided by the tannin in tea, however they also provide less damage caused by tannin in tea. There are hydrolysable and nonhydrolysable (condensed) tannin present in the bottled and brewed tea. The results of the experiment show that there are lesser condensed tannin present than the hydrolysable tannin. The temperature affects directly the concentration of tannin present in the brewed tea. As the temperature rises, the more tannin is dissolved in the tea. The same can be said about the brewing time of tea. The longer the tea is brewed, the more tannin is incorporated in the tea. When brewing tea using acidified water, there is lesser tannin concentration in the tea than using basic water. There are also considerably more condensed tannin present in the tea brewed using basic water than other brewed tea. By adding lemon (C.limon) and calamansi (C. micropara) to the tea, there is a significant reduction of the tannin concentration compared to tea without additive. While ta with milk cannot be tested quantitatively because of the color difference due to

the milk, there is a clear reduction in tannin concentration based on results by the other test. The following conclusions were derived from the study: The color of the tea also indicates the level of tannin concentration of the tea. It is safe for people with no mineral deficiency to consume with this bottled tea drinks since the concentration of tannin in these bottled drinks are relatively lower compared to one of brewed cup of brewed tea. The two types of tannin are present in the bottled and brewed tea. Although there is a big difference in their concentration, hydrolysable and condensed tannin are still present in the tea drinks. All the factors (temperature, brewing time, pH and tea additives) have an effect on the tannin concentration of brewed tea. Based on the findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were proposed: For the people with no mineral deficiency, it is safe to drink this commercially available tea drinks. for those with mineral deficiency (especially metallic mineral) they should avoid drinking too much tea as tea decreases the mineral absorption. Those with potential to have iron deficiency should minimize an intake of tea to prevent having iron deficiency.

RESEARCH ABSTRACT Syryl Jan

2012 2012 thesis compilation The correlation of aptitudes and interest and the career path inclination of senior high school students of Aquinas University of legazpi. Dory E. Neptuno Statement of the problems 1. What is the aptitude of senior high school students of AUL, based on NCAE and PACT results? 2. What is the interest of senior high school students of AUL based on POIS results? 3. What are the career path inclinations of senior high school students of AUL based on NCAE results?

4. Is there a significant differences between aptitude and interest of senior high school students of AUL along the following a) gender and b) program/curriculum 5. Is there a significant relationship between aptitude, interest and career inclination of students based on NCAE and PACT and POIS result? Conclusion 1. Science high school students have a higher degree of aptitude over special program in the arts student, likewise female students scored higher aptitude that the male students. 2. In general the students preferred artistic type of career under SPA with regard the program they are into. The same reference was achieved by SHS students regardless of the assumption that they will be inclined in this type of career the least. One student was found undecided under this program. 3. There was a significant difference between the aptitude of students under science high school and special programs in the arts, classified as male and female. 4. There was a significant difference between the interest of the students under the two programs, however, no significant difference was found out between the interest among male and female students. 5. Results showed no significant relationship between FACT educational program and POIS educational field of interest. While there is no significant relationship between the occupational interest among the two programs, gender was highly significant relationship. PACT educational programs and POIS educational field were also highly significant. Recommendations 1. Intervention should be made by the concern person to the students such as conducting a periodic assessment to examine the remarkable change in their aptitude and interest. 2. DEPED must be prompt in issuing the result on NCAE to the student to help them decide fully of what career to pursue that really matches their aptitude and interest. 3. The guidance counselor could develop a test for early assessment for the student aptitude and interest for particular field. Also in the order to develop a wise decision making, career orientation should be given to student, thus to get no UNDICIDED.

4.

The student should take into account their temperament which is actually the disposition drive toward achieving a certain ambition. 5. The student must be informed of the result to be interpreted as a group by the guidance counselor to point out the inconsistency of their aptitude and interest to their inclination in a particular career. THE POSSIBILITY OF THE IMPOSIBILITY OF REACHING SOCIAL CONSENSUS (PAUL CHRISTIAN BANARES) The paper presents criteriology, though desmond metaxu based on wojtyala objectivism and rorty pragmatism which is relativistic. Wojtyla contention explains that there is an absolute truth through which imperative to evey human person. Rorty, however, argues that such ultimate truth is outdated for it does not anymore suit human needs. With this, the two antithetical options present to be the univocal and the equivocal which is the best resolved by doing metaxu for philosophy. It is the way through the main goal of positing answer, conclusion and solution to the problems of a given spatiotemporal condition. It goes behind playing out knowledge for knowledge sake by persisting on making relevant, effective and useful concepts and principles to the emerging problems through looking more on the practical consequences without reducing everything by enabling the interplay of various conflicting principles.

THE LEVEL OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SELECTED BARANGAY PROJECTS IN BARCELONA SORSOGON (ANNE FRANCES LICUP) STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS 1. What projects are fully implemented by the barangays in Barcelona Sorsogon in terms of: a. Environments b. Public health and sanitation c. Nutrition 2. What is the level of implementation may be offered to solve the problems encountered? 3. What recommendation may be offered to solve the problems encountered? CONCLUSION 1. The barangay councils in Barcelona, sorsogon implemented projects that are beneficial to the constituents of their respective barangays. The most common program implemented based on

their responses, is the program on environment, public health and sanitation and nutrition. 2. Lack of budget is the most common problem that prevents the barangay council from executing the projects that they wish to implements in their respective barangay. 3. Enhancing participation among the constituents is the most noted recommendation proposed in order to solve the problems encountered upon implementing the projects of barangay councils. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Intensifying programs that would cater to the needs of the youth that are beneficial to them. 2. Enhancing cooperation and participation among the constituents and council 3. Improving of existing projects and programs of the barangay councils 4. Participation in the programs implemented by the barangay council that they could enrich their knowledge and should be active in other barangay activities in order to gain more experience. 5. The government should be at least give special attention to the problems involving the youth, particularly the brgy. Council and be able to sponsor other worthwhile activities that would benefit them. 6. Camaraderie among the constituents should be promoted. They should cooperate and work hand and hand with the government 7. The barangay council must be firm in their stand of idealism 8. Similar studies on the subject are also recommended for a thorough analysis. 9. Other references related to the study can also be used for more comprehensive discussion. LEVEL OF HAPINESS AND WORK PERFORMANCE AMONG EMPLOYEES OF AQUINAS UNIVERSITY OF LEGAZPI (ADRIAN PAOLO ARINGO) The study compares the work performance and happiness level of employees according to their civil status and aims to establish a relationship between the two variables. The respondents of the study are 118 employees of AUL 65 of which are married employees. Which implies that civil status is

not a factor in the employees work performance nor his happiness level. Furthermore, correlations showed that there is no statistically significant relationship between an employees happiness level and his work performance. This means that though unhappy, an employee may still work efficiently. RELATIONSHIP-BUILDING PRESENTATION THROUGH (CELESTE M. MANILA) AND SELPFACEBOOKING

Self-presentation and the Filipino personality core concept of kapwa were explored among college students in relation-building of the social media site, facebook. A survey research method was used to gather indicators of self-presentation activities on facebook, and to investigate the level of disclosure posted on facebook. In addition selected participants were interviewed through focus group discussions. Unconstructive observation was also employed on the same participants and it validated the survey results. Results show that most participants join faacebook mostly to reconnect with old friends and engaged in social sniffing activities about friends profiles. Level of self-disclosure and the mode and degree of interaction varies on how they classify their friends as ibang tao at hindi ibang tao. Interaction with ibang tao are most often liking status, updates, posting a birthday greeting and interacting through facebook groups. On the other hand interaction with ibang tao are most often posting on friend wall giving comments, liking status, sending messages, chatting, inviting or responding to event to event invitation, tagging photos, posting note or links, and interacting with groups. Result about the role of facebook in the process of pakiki pag kapwa tao from ibang tao to hindi ibang tao and how it facilitates, impressions management through its social media activities where discussed. Skin Color Biased Physical Atractiviness Stereotype Among the Students of Aquinas University of Legazpi. (Janelle Patricia C. Corral) Abstract The perception of physical attractiveness influenced by skin tone and gender, and the stereotyps that are based on these perceptions were examined among college students from Aquinas University of Legazpi. An experimental research design was employed to obtain indicators of biased perception based on the skin tone in gender, as well as the quality attributions and stereotype. Result showed that skin tone is a factor that influence the perception of physical attractiveness for the student, and that the perceive people with white complexion more attractive than other people with darker tones. Moreover the

student positively stereotype people with black complexion as mabait and palakaibigan and people with white complexion as matalino, on the other hand, people with brown complexion were perceived as having negative stereotypes such as mataray or suplados. Gender difference on perception of physical attractiveness and its stereotypes were not found to be significant. Implications of the biased perception and stereotypes were discussed.

The Pragmatics of Jejemon Language (Aldian G. Maraa) Statement of the Problem 1. What is the origin of the jejemon language? 2. What are the characteristics of jejemon language in terms of : a. Morphology b. Syntax c. Semantics d. Graphology 3. What are the effects of the jejemon language to the language skills of the jejemon in terms of: a. Morphology b. Syntax c. Semantics d. Graphology Conclusion 1. Jejemon language defies the rules of morphology and graphology but it follows the rules of syntax and semantics. 2. It is an invented language that emerges from the use of modern technologies. 3. The use of jejemon language destroys the language skills of the users in terms of standard language such as Filipino and English.