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Kertas 2 a. Teknik Menjawab b. Bengkel (i) Menulis skema pemarkahan (ii) Menanda kertas 2. Kertas 3 a. a. Teknik Menjawab b. Bengkel (i) Menulis skema pemarkahan (ii) Menanda kertas
1.
Name
Write the name and not the formula of the substance. Q: Name the gas collected at the anode during the electrolysis of dilute sulphuric acid. [1 mark] X: O2
A: Oxygen gas
State an observation
State what can be observed and not the name of the product/s. Q: What is observed when zinc powder is added to dilute sulphuric acid? [1 mark] X: Hydrogen gas or H2
State an observation
For colour change, state the initial and final colour. Q: What is observed when chlorine water is added to iron(II) sulphate solution until there is no further change? [1 mark] X: Solution turns brown.
Describe a test
Describe how a test for an ion or a gas is carried out by stating (i) the method and (ii) the expected observation.
Q: State how you would verify that the gas released at the cathode is hydrogen. [1 mark] X: Test with a lighted splinter.
A: Place a lighted splinter at the mouth of the test tube. A pop sound is heard.
Explain
Give reasons for a statement/ fact/ principle.
Q: Blue litmus paper in a solution of hydrogen chloride in methylbenzene remains unchanged. Explain the observation. [2 marks] X: The solution does not show acidic properties. X: Hydrogen chloride cannot dissolve in methylbenzene.
A: Hydrogen chloride molecules cannot ionise in methylbenzene.// The solution consists of molecules only. No hydrogen ions present.
Calculate
Calculations:
1. Show working 2. Write the unit for the final answer
Draw diagrams
Diagrams: a. Draw diagrams using a pencil. b. Draw diagrams to a reasonable size. c. Make sure that the set-up of the apparatus drawn works. d. Label all chemicals in words and label the main apparatus.
Copper atom
Tin atom
(b) Draw the set-up of the apparatus to investigate the decomposition of copper(II) carbonate on heating.
Copper(II) carbonate
propan-1-ol
propan-2-ol
(d) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction between lead(II) nitrate and sodium sulphate solution.
Energy
PbSO4
IMPORTANT DIAGRAMS
The Structure Of Atom - Determination of melting and boiling point of naphthalene - Particle arrangement in solid, liquid and gas Chemical Formulae and Equations - Determination of empirical formula of magnesium oxide & copper(II) oxide Periodic Table - Reactions between chlorine gas and iron Chemical Bond - The electron arrangement in ionic and covalent compound. Sodium chloride/ Magnesium chloride Tetrachloromethane/ Carbon dioxide
IMPORTANT DIAGRAMS
Electrochemistry - Electrolysis of molten compound and aqueous solution - Voltaic cell with a salt bridge or a porous pot Acids and bases - Reaction between acid and carbonate - Titration Salts - Effect of heating on carbonates and nitrates Manufactured Substances in Industry - Comparison of the arrangement of atoms in a pure metal and an alloy
Correct
Mg2+ + 2e
Section B Essay Questions SPM 2004 B (1) Diagram 1 shows the chemical symbols which represent elements X, Y and Z. 23 35 12 X Y Z 11 17 6 (a) Write the electron arrangement of atoms X and Y. [2 marks] (b) The reaction between atoms of X and Y forms an ionic compound whereas the reaction between atoms of Y and Z forms a covalent compound. Explain how these ionic and covalent compounds are formed. [8 marks]
- To attain stable electron arrangement/ octet electron arrangement Atom of X donates one - X donates one electron to electron to form a positive form a positive ion - Y receives one electron to ion - Atom of Y receives one form a negative ion electron to form a negative ion
Inaccurate answer
-X
Correct Answer
-X+
ion and Y- ion attract each other with a strong electrostatic force
Wrong or inaccurate answer Correct Answer 1(b) Y and Z contribute/ -Atom of Y and atom of Z share 4 pairs of electrons share one pair of electrons.
-Four
atoms of Y share electrons with one atom of Z to form a molecule with the formula ZY4.
Section C A longer answer is usually needed in this section. Part of the questions in this section may involve experiments. Do not use formulae or symbols in your explanations except in writing chemical equations. All names of chemicals or reagents must be written in words. All diagrams of set up of apparatus must be functional, drawn to a reasonable size and labeled.
Use words showing the key action when writing the procedure of an experiment. Eg. Add one chemical to another Stir evenly Heat gently/ strongly State quantities used: Solutions mention volume and concentration Solids mention a certain mass/ whether an excess amount should be used
SPM 2003 C(4)(c) You are required to prepare dry magnesium chloride salt. Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare the salt. In your description, include the chemical equation involved. [10 marks]
Sample answer: Materials: Magnesium/ magnesium oxide/ magnesium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid. Apparatus: Beaker, filter funnel, filter paper, Bunsen burner, evaporating dish, glass rod.
Procedure:
1. (30-200) cm3 of (0.5 2.0) mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid is poured into a beaker and heated.
2. Magnesium/ magnesium oxide/ magnesium carbonate is added into the acid and stirred 3. It is added until it is in excess . 4. The mixture is filtered to remove the excess magnesium/ magnesium oxide/ magnesium carbonate. 5. The filtrate is heated in an evaporating dish until saturated/ concentrated .
MgO + 2 HCl
CHEMISTRY PAPER 3
Assessment of science process skills. 16 aspects: Observe (Memerhati) Classify (Mengelas) Measure (Mengukur menggunakan nombor) Make inference (Membuat inferens) Predict (Meramal) Communicate present information using tables, graphs etc (Berkomunikasi)
Relate change in a parameter with time (Menggunakan perhubungan ruang dan masa) Interpret data (Mentafsirkan data) Define operationally (Mendefinisi secara operasi) Control variables (Mengawal pembolehubah) Make a hypothesis (Membuat hipotesis) Plan an experiment (Mengeksperimen) a. Problem statement b. Hypothesis c. Variables d. Materials and apparatus e. Procedure f. Tabulation of data
SPM 2010 Plan one laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of a catalyst on the rate of reaction between metal and acid. Use copper(II) sulphate solution as the catalyst. [17 marks]
Planning an experiment
Problem statement/ Aim, Hypothesis, Variables - can be concluded from the situation given.
(c) Hypothesis:
The presence of copper(II) sulphate solution increases the rate of reaction between zinc and dilute sulphuric acid.
Planning an experiment
Materials and apparatus:
(d) Substances: Zinc strip, 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, 0.5 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution
Apparatus: Conical flask [150 250] cm3, measuring cylinder, sandpaper, ruler, stopwatch
Planning an experiment
Procedure: Steps taken must include apparatus and quantity of materials.
(e) Procedure:
3. Measure 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid with a measuring cylinder. 4. Pour the sulphuric acid into the conical flask and start the stopwatch immediately.
5. Swirl the conical flask and record the time taken for the zinc strip to completely react with the acid. 6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 by adding 20 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution.
Communicate
Tabulation of Data (i) The number of columns and rows is determined by the manipulated variable and responding variable. (ii) Units (if related) must be written for all the titles (iii) Do NOT write the observation, inference or conclusion in the table.
(f) Tabulation of Data Experiment 5 cm zinc + 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid 5 cm zinc + 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid + 20 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution Time taken/ s