Raw Data

Sorted
30
25
45
4
38
46
28
40
38
32
24
26

4
24
25
26
28
30
32
38
38
40
45
46

Stem
0
1
2
3
4

Leaf
4
4568
0288
056

Topic 2 - Presenting Data (Class Activity)

Temperature
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60

Freq.
1
3
5
4
2
15

%
Cum. Freq.
6.67%
1
20.00%
4
33.33%
9
26.67%
13
13.33%
15
100.00%

Cum. %
6.67%
26.67%
60.00%
86.67%
100.00%

Ogive
120.00%

Temperature

100.00%
80.00%
60.00%

Cum. %

40.00%

20.00%

Temperature

40-50

50-60

0.00%
50-60

30-40

40-50

20-30

30-40

10-20

20-30

10-20

Frequency

Cum. %

Raw Data
342
426
317
545
264
451

Sorted
264
266
298
317
342
426

1049
631
512
266
492
562
298

451
492
512
545
562
631
1049

Median Value

or

"=median(range of values)"

451

Mean
Sum up the observations
Divide by number of observations

473.462

or

473.462

"sum(range of values)"
"=count(range of values)"
"=average(range of values)"

e of values)"
nge of values)"

range of values)"

Calculating Mean, Mode and Median

440
490
550
390
280
390

280
390
390
440
490
550

Mean = 423.3333
Median =

415

Mode =

390

Calculating variance and standard

Calculating Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation
7
9
10
11
13
17

Mean = 11.16667
Variance = 12.16667
Std Dev = 3.488075

11.16667
11.16667
11.16667
11.16667
11.16667
11.16667

Xi
7
9
10
11
13
17

(Xi - )
-4.16667
-2.16667
-1.16667
-0.16667
1.833333
5.833333

S.Var =
S.Std Dev =

Measures of Variation: Comparing Standard Deviations

(Notice that although the mean values for all 3 samples are the same but the spread of the data
- Standard Deviation - is very different as evident from the diagrams in the slides)
Sample A
11
12
13
16
16
17
18
21

Xi
Mean =

15.5

11
12
13
16
16
17
18
21

Variance = 11.14286
Std Dev = 3.338092

15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5

(Xi - )
-4.5
-3.5
-2.5
0.5
0.5
1.5
2.5
5.5
S.Var =
S.Std Dev =

Sample B
14
15
15
15
16

Xi
Mean =

15.5

Variance = 0.857143
Std Dev =

0.92582

14
15
15
15
16

15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5

(Xi - )
-1.5
-0.5
-0.5
-0.5
0.5

16
16
17

16
16
17

15.5
15.5
15.5

0.5
0.5
1.5
S.Std Dev =

Xi

Sample C
11
11
11
12
19
20
20
20

Mean =

15.5

Variance = 20.85714
Std Dev = 4.566962

11
11
11
12
19
20
20
20

15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5

(Xi - )
-4.5
-4.5
-4.5
-3.5
3.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
S.Var =
S.Std Dev =

Calculate Q1 (First Quartile), Q2 (Second Quartile or Median), Q3 (Third Quartile)

44
49
55
39
28
39
38
56
59
64

28
38
39
39
44
49
55
56
59
64

Q1 =

39.00

Q2 =

46.5

Q3 =

55.75

Note the slight difference in the way

Excel (and different types of
statistical software) calculates the
quartiles... Just remember, follow

the quartile position rules based

on the slides for exam purposes.

Simulating Quartile calculations using Excel with constant ascending numbers

1
Q1 = 3.25
NOTE: Excel uses a different
2
Q2 = 5.5
formula for calculating quartiles:
3
Q3 = 7.75
Q1 = 1/4 * (n + 3)
4
Q4 = 10
Q2 = 2/4 * (n + 1)
5
Q3 = 1/4 * (3n + 1)
6
7
8
9
10

Also, if you are interested, you can visit this website

http://peltiertech.com/WordPress/excel-box-and-whisker-diagrams-box-plots/
to give you an idea how to construct a Boxplot from scratch... (good for people with insomia)
A Boxplot gives a pictorial description of the upper and lower limits as well as Q1, Q2, Q3 all on the

Question 3-121 (Textbook - Weiss, Page 124)

Raw Data
79
80
73
48
80
80
78
80
80
79
74
82
80
64
45
82
74
78
81
70

Sorted
Data
45
48
64
70
73
74
74
78
78
79
79
80
80
80
80
80
80
81
82
82

Position
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Question 3-126 (Textbook - Weiss, P

Raw Data
352
445
374
434
400
400
426
354
396
374
427
349

variance and standard

(Xi - )2
17.36111
4.694444
1.361111
0.027778
3.361111
34.02778
60.83333
12.16667
3.488075

he spread of the data

(Xi - )2
20.25
12.25
6.25
0.25
0.25
2.25
6.25
30.25
78
11.14286
3.338092

(Xi - )2
2.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25

erence in the way

tion rules based

0.25
0.25
2.25
6
0.92582

(Xi - )2
20.25
20.25
20.25
12.25
12.25
20.25
20.25
20.25
146
20.85714
4.566962

plots/

people with insomia)

well as Q1, Q2, Q3 all on the

Question 3-126 (Textbook - Weiss, Page 124)

Sorted
Data
349
352
354
374
374
396
400
400
426
427
434
445

Position
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Class Activity
x
0
1
2
3
4

xP(x)
0
0.3
0.2
0.45
0.2

P(x)
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.15
0.05
=

1.15

2
(x - ) (x - )
-1.15 1.3225
-0.15 0.0225
0.85 0.7225
1.85 3.4225
2.85 8.1225

(x - )2 P(x)
0.529
0.00675
0.07225
0.513375
0.406125
2 =
1.5275
= 1.23592071