DYNAMICS - Dynamic Swells : Swells in little crescendos and diminuendos - Terrace Dynamics : Different sections (like rice fields)

(sudden changes in dynamics, often achieved by adding and subtracting the number of instruments) - Large Dynamic Contrast : Very Soft, or Very Loud - Fortissimo : Very Loud - Forte : Loud - Diminuendo : Gradually getting Softer - Crescendo : gradually getting louder

MELODY - Counter Melody : Melody being played, and another instrument goes against the melody, but still sounds good together - Modal : Scales - Contrary Motion : The parts move in opposite directions - Melodic Sequence : A short melodic idea which is repeated at different pitches either ascending or descending - Parallel Motion : movement of two melodic lines in the same direction, keeping the same interval between them - Phrase Length : Length of the Phrase - Blues Scale : - Scale Degree : - Pentatonic Scale : A musical scale having five notes - Whole Tone Scale : A musical scale having all notes - Balanced Phrases : TIMBRE - Mellow: Soft - Double Stopping: Stopping double length - Wind - Sound that wind instruments make - Tone Colour - The tone of music - Wood Sound - sound that wood interment makes - Metallic - type of music which is ..... (don't know) - Similar tone qualities - Tone which has similar quality - Describing Words -

PITCH - Chromaticism : In music, chromaticism is a compositional technique interspersing the primary diatonic pitches and chords with other pitches of the chromatic scale - Diatonic : based on the standard major or minor scales consisting of 5 tones and 2 semitones without modulation by accidentals - Major : In music theory, the major scale or Ionian scale is one of the diatonic scales. It is made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher. In solfege these notes correspond to the syllables "Do, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, Ti, (Do)". - Minor : A minor scale in music theory is a diatonic scale with a third scale degree at an interval of a minor third above the tonic. While this definition encompasses modes with the minor third, such as Dorian mode, the term may more usually refer only to the natural minor, harmonic minor, and melodic minor scales - Tonality : Tonality is a system of music in which specific hierarchical pitch relationships are based on a key "center" or tonic - Key Signature : In musical notation, a key signature is a series of sharp or flat symbols placed on the staff, designating notes that are to be consistently played one semitone higher or lower than the equivalent natural notes unless otherwise altered with an accidental - Modulate : In music, modulation is most commonly the act or process of changing from one key (tonic, or tonal center) to another. This may or may not be accompanied by a change in key signature. Modulations articulate or create the structure or form of many pieces, as well as add interest - Consonance : In music, a consonance (Latin com-, "with" + sonare, "to sound") is a harmony, chord, or interval considered stable, as opposed to a dissonance - Dissonance : a harsh, discordant combination of sounds; conflicting notes that are not overtones of the note or chord sounding; a state of disagreement or conflict - Polytonal : The musical use of more than one key simultaneously is polytonality. Bitonality is the use of only two different keys at the same time. - Arpeggios : In music, an arpeggio is a broken chord where the notes are played or sung in sequence, one after the other, rather than ringing out. - Atonal : Atonality in its broadest sense describes music that lacks a tonal center, or key - Cadence : A sequence of chords that brings an end to a phrase, either in the middle or the end of a composition.

HARMONY - Harmonizing : sing or play in harmony - Alberti Bass : a popular accompanimental pattern in which the notes of the chord are arpeggiated in the pattern of "bottom - top - middle - top - Suspensions : creating suspense (a build up)

- Cadence : a harmonic cadence (Latin cadentia, "a falling") is a progression of (at least) two chords that concludes a phrase, section, or piece of music. A rhythmic cadence is a characteristic rhythmic pattern indicating the end of a phrase - Cluster Chord : A tone cluster is a musical chord comprising at least three consecutive tones in a scale - Clash : clashing - sharply and harshly discordant; "clashing interests of loggers and conservationists"; "clashing colors" - Pedal Point : In tonal music, a pedal point (also pedal tone, pedal note, organ point, or pedal) is a sustained tone, typically in the bass, during which at least one foreign, i.e., dissonant harmony is sounded in the other parts. - Contrapuntal : relating to or characteristic of or according to the rules of counterpoint - Counterpoint : In music, counterpoint is the relationship between two or more voices that are independent in contour and rhythm and are harmonically interdependent. - Voice Leading : Getting the succession of harmonic tones in the inner voices to form coherent melodic lines of their own, or, at least, to move in a smooth, mainly step-wise motion - Subdominant IV - Primary Triads I IV V - Tonic I - Cadence : a harmonic cadence (Latin cadentia, "a falling") is a progression of (at least) two chords that concludes a phrase, section, or piece of music. - Plagal IV I - Imperfect I V - Interrupted V VI - Perfect V I

TEXTURE - Monophonic : a melody performed by one or many musicians represents a single musical voice if the same notes are performed by everyone. - Heterophonic : there is only one melody, but different variations of it are being sung or played at the same time. - Homophonic : Homophony has one clearly melodic line; it's the line that naturally draws your attention. All other parts provide accompaniment or fill in the chords - PolyphonicIf more than one independent melody is occurring at the same time INSTRUMENTATION

- Brass - Blowing instrument xP - Tutti : playing together - Trio - String - string interment - Quintet - playing 4 different melody? (4 people playing at same time - Unison : playing as one - Orchestra : sooooooooooooooo many people plays - Quartet - Duet - 2 people playing - Solo - playing the melody alone - Chamber Orchestra - Basso Continuo - a bass part played continuously throughout a piece to give harmonic structure, used especially in the Baroque period - Figured Bass EXPRESSIVE TECHNIQUES - Melissma - Legato - It is the opposite of staccato, makes it smooth - Fermata - finished, closed - Trill - Vibrato - vibrating - Arco - the bow used for playing some string instrument - Falsetto - male voice above usual bass or tenor range - Pizzicato - pinched, plucked - Staccato - making each note brief and detached - Sforzando - made loud; i.e., a sudden strong accent - GLissando - a continuous sliding from one pitch to another - Slur - stick the note togather (make it smoother) - Acciaccatura - crushing - Subito - suddenly - Rubato - flexible in tempo, applied to notes within a musical phrase for expressive effect - Appoggiatura - one or more grace notes that take up some note value of the next full note. RHYTHM - Tempo - Polyrhythmic - many rhythm - Meter - the pattern of a music piece's rhythm of strong and weak beats

- Hemiola - the imposition of a pattern of rhythm or articulation other than that implied by the time signature - Anacrusis - a note or notes that precede the first full bar - Complex Meter - Shuffle - Mixing around the rhythm - Cross Rhythm - Triplets : Three notes in the place of two, used to subdivide a beat. - Swing - easy going, but fast rhythm - Time Signature