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Introduction:>
Fletcher Easysteel is a division of Fletcher Building Limited. The company prides itself on its position as a leading steel distributor in New Zealand providing a comprehensive range of products and services to meet the needs of this market.
The Special Steel Book is a directory of products and services available from Fletcher Easysteel and is provided as a guide to assist customers when determining their requirements. It is by no means an exhaustive list of the companys service portfolio. For in this dynamic environment, operating within a more prevalent global economy, the range of products and services that Fletcher Easysteel offers is ever changing.
The Special Steel Book is an indication of the companys commitment to informing customers of what is available from your steel supplier. Supplementary product catalogues are; Structural Steel Properties and Design Charts Catalogue Pipe and Pipe Fittings Catalogue The Steel Book
Every care has been taken by staff in producing this catalogue. Fletcher Easysteel has endeavoured to ensure accuracy of the information contained herein, however Fletcher Easysteel cannot and does not accept responsibility for any loss or damage sustained by any party through use of this information.
Introduction:>
Quality
Fletcher Easysteel continues to maintain a strong commitment to the principles which have become total quality management. This results in minimum waste, improved efficiencies and a service promise which meets customer requirements. Fletcher Easysteel has a philosophy of continuous improvement in all areas of its business.
Technical Advice
Fletcher Easysteel provides technical expertise on all products and services it markets. Specialist advice is available on product properties, product selection and specific end use application. Any advice given should subsequently be authorised by a qualified engineer.
Information Systems
Fletcher Easysteel operates an ERP system across its business. This includes handling front-line customer enquiries and orders, to back-office automatic stock replenishment in line with customer forecasts. Supporting this is a forecasting system which captures historic sales information, combining it with future market intelligence to provide the best possible forecast. This enables us to have the right product on hand at the right time to meet customer requirements and to ensure excellent service for our customers. Fletcher Easysteel is continually researching the new opportunities information technology offers in making business easier with customers and suppliers alike.
Suppliers
Fletcher Easysteel has a centrally based supply chain which leverages its strong relationship with suppliers to provide highly competitive offers to its customers. These offers are sourced globally from quality steel mills and suppliers which enables its customers to compete in both domestic and export markets.
Contents:>
Introduction Brand Equivalents Chart Mild Steel Mild Steel Engineering Rounds Bright Commercial Quality Bar AISI 1018/1020 Bright Commercial Quality Flats AISI 1018/1020 Bright Free Cutting Bright Fee Cutting Bar AISI 1214/1215 Bright Leaded Bar AISI 12L14/12L15 2 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Engineering Steels 15 Medium Tensile Steel 1040/45 16 High Tensile Steel AISI 4140 18 High Tensile Steel AISI 4340 20 High Tensile Steel AISI P20 22 High Tensile Steel (2767) 23 Carburising Steel En36A, EN39B 24 Phosphor Bronze LG2 26 Grades and stocked size summery 27 Forms of Supply and Machining Allowances 28 Cast Iron & Hollow Bar Cast Iron 4E Cast iron 3D Hollow Bar Hydraulic Steels Hard Chrome Bar Hydraulic Cylinder Tube Cold Work Tool Steels D2 (2379) A2 (2363) Hot Work Steels H13 (2344) 29 30 31 32 34 35 36 37 40 42 45 46
Contents:>
Plastic Mould Steels 48 Aluminium Tooling Plate 53 P20 (2311) 54 2767 56 Gauge Plate Gauge Plate Key Steel Silver Steel 59 60 62 63
Plate 64 Boiler Quality Plate 65 Wear Resistant Plate Grade 66 High Strength Plate 67 Structural Steel Plate Comparisons 68 Boiler Quality Plate Comparisons 69 Welding Products 71 General Purpose Electrodes 72 Consumables 75 Cutting and Grinding Discs 76 Service Centres, Metal Processing Service Centres Plate Processing Metal Processing 81 82 83 84
Appendix 85 Size Tolerances to ASTM A29 86 Straightness Tolerances to ASTM A29 89 ISO Tolerances 90 Machining Allowances 91 Useful Tables Weights - Kg/Metre 92 Approx. Comparison of Tensile Strength 93 Approx. Equivalent of Hardness and Tensile 94 Conversion Calculations 95 Indent 96
AISI
1018/1020 1214/1215 12L14/12L15 1040/45 4140 4340
BS 970 En
EN3B EN1A EN1A Pb En8 En19 En24 En25 En30B En36A En39B
BS 970 New
070M20 230M07 230M07Pb 080M40 708M40 817M40 823M30 835M30 665M13 835M15 BS4659 BD2 BA2 BO1 835M30
Japan JIS-G
4051-S20C 4804-Sum23/25 4804-Sum23L 4051-S40C 4105-SCM440 4103-SNCM439 4103-SNCM628 4102-SNC815 4103-SNCM815 4404-SKD11 4404-SKD12 4404-SKS3 4103-SNCM628
Thyssen
Atlas
7225 6580 Thyrodur 2767 6587 Thyroplast 2764 Thyrodur 2379 Thyrodur 2363 Thyrodur 2510 Thyrodur 2767 Thyroplast 2311 Thyroplast 2738 Thyroplast 2312 Thyroplast 2083 Thyrodur 2767 Thyrotherm 2344
3310
D2 A2 01
En31 En30B
Plastic Mould
MLDF x PDS5 MOLD/MLDF x 2311 MOLD/MLDF 2738 MLDF x 2312 PQ x 2083 MLDH/MHTF x 2767 HOT HOTF S1
En30B
H13
S1
4404-SKS41
Thyrotherm 2550
Falcon 6
M2
M2
4404-SKH9
Thyrapid 3343
SIXIX
Balfour Rochling
Hitachi
VEW
Bohler
Assab
Comsteel
Werkstoff
1.0402 1.0715 1.0718
Kurz-Name
c22 9 SMn 28 9 SMn 28 Pb CK40 42 CrMo4 40 CrNiMo6 32 NiCrMo10 4 30 NiCrMo16 6 15 NiCrMo16 5 155 CrVMo 12 1 100 CrMoV 5 1 1 100MnCrW 4 100 Cr 6 30 NiCrMo 16 6 40 CrMnMo 7 40 CrMnNiMo 8 6 4 40 CrMnMoS 8 6 42 Cr 13 30 NiCrMo 16 6 40 CrMoV 5 1 40 CrMoV 5 1 60 WCrv 7 60 WCrv 7
V320 V155 V110 E200 E204 SLD SCD SGT K105 K305 K460 K600 MPM2 M210 M310 V110 DAC W302
V945 VCL140 VCN150 Plasmould ES Special PPA Special KNL Special K5 Amutut S NWM Starmould WKW4 Plasmould US Ultra 2 718 Holdax Stavax XW-41 XW-10 DF2
1.3505 1.6747
1.6747
8407
SCX15/00/RTWK
YSR
K450
My Extra
M4
Giantm5/Capital562
YXMI
S600
SREMo
ASP41
1.1003
Dmo 5
Mild Steels:>
Mild Steels:>
Mild Steel Engineering Rounds
Product Shortname: PB30, PB50, ER Specifications: NZ/Australia AS 3679-300
UK Japan/Korea AS/NZS 4671-300 AS/NZS 4671-500 BS 4360-43A JIS G3101-SS400 JIS G4051-S20 JIS G4051-S25C = kg/m = metres
Size Designations: Mass per Metre By diameter Metres per Tonne Size Range Available:
Size (mm)
24 25 28 32 Available on indent
Size (mm)
65 70 75 80
Size (mm)
150 160 200
Standard stock length is 6 metres. Engineering rounds can be cut to length on request. Straightness Tolerance The standards have a straightness tolerance of 3mm per metre. A large range is stocked in grade 1045
Mild Steels:>
Bright Commercial Quality Rounds
Product Shortname: BCQI, BCQM Specifications: AISI 1018/1020
BS970 070M20 EN 3B JIS G 4051 S20C
Tolerances: H10 Typical UTS Yield: UTS = 490 Yield= 370 Typical Analysis:
C 0.15/0.23% Mn 0.3/0.9% S & P 0.05% max.
Colour Code: Green Characteristics: In comparison to normal hot rolled bars, a cold finished product gives tighter sectional tolerances,
improved straightness, and a clean scale free surface. Advantages to the user being that material can be brought closer to the finished machine size and thus reduce machining costs. It minimises costly straightening operations and is more easily machined. Another benefit derived from the cold rolling/drawing operation is a marked increase in physical strength over a hot rolled bar of the same section.
Applications: Easily fabricated and welded. Used for all engineering parts, machine building and furniture. Suitable for coated applications. Size Range:
Rounds - Imperial (inches)
3/16 1 4
5 16
3 8
7 16
1 2
9 16
5 8
3 4
7 8
1 3 1/2
11/8 4
1 1/4 5
1 3/8 6
1 1/2
13/4
2 1/4
2 1/2
In rounds, under 1/2 dia (except 10 & 12mm) available in 3.5 metre lengths. All others available in 5.75 metre lengths or customer specific lengths. Fletcher Easysteel offers a cut to length service operation.
Mild Steels:>
Bright Commercial Quality Flats
Colour Code: Green Characteristics: In comparison to normal hot rolled bars, this cold finished product gives tighter sectional tolerances,
improved straightness, and a clean scale free surface. Advantages to the user being that the material can be brought closer to the finished machine size and thus reduce machining costs. It minimises costly straightening operations and is more easily machined. Another benefit derived from the cold rolling/drawing operation is a marked increase in physical strength over a hot rolled bar of the same section.
Applications: Easily fabricated and welded. Used for all engineering parts, machine building and furniture. Suitable for coated applications. Size Range:
Flats - Imperial (inches)
1/2
x 1/8
3/4
x 3/8
1 x 1/2 2 x 3/4
11/2 x 1/2
1 3/4 x 5/8
2 x 1/2
/2
/4
1 1/8
1 1/2
2 1/2
12 x 6 25 x 6 50 x 3 75 x 10 150 x 25
16 x 3 25 x 10 50 x 5 75 x 12 200 x 20
16 x 5 30 x 10 50 x 10 75 x 20
20 x 3 32 x 5 50 x 12 75 x 25
20 x 5 32 x 6 50 x 16 100 x 10
20 x 6 40 x 5 50 x 20 100 x 12
20 x 7 40 x 7 50 x 25 100 x 25
20 x 10 40 x 10 60 x 10 130 x 20
25 x 3 40 x 25 75 x 6 150 x 12
25 x 5 40 x 30 75 x 7 150 x 20
Squares - Metric (mm) 10 25 40 Fletcher Easysteel Page 11 Standard length for flats is 3.5 metres. Fletcher Easysteel offers a cut to length service operation.
Typical UTS Yield: UTS = 430 Yield= 340 Colour Code: Orange - Metric
Red - Imperial
Characteristics: Bright free cutting bar is available in round, square and hexagonal sections and gives the same
benefits as bright commercial quality in terms of good sectional tolerance, straightness and increased physical properties. The major benefit is from the combination of manganese and sulphur in the steel. These elements form manganese sulphide inclusions which effectively act as chip breakers during machining and allow this grade to be machined at much higher speeds with no adverse effect on tool life. Can be welded using specialised procedures and electrodes.
Applications: Manufacturing applications where extensive machining is involved, i.e., nuts, bolts, studs, etc. or any
other application involving high speed automatic machining operations.
Size Range:
Rounds - Imperial (inches)
1
/4
1
/8
1
/2
/8
/4
/8
1 3 /2
1
1 1/8 4
1 /4
1 /2
2 /4
1
2 /2
1
Flats, squares and rounds also available on an indent basis. *Leaded (12L14) bars also available on an indent basis.
Mild Steels:>
Bright Leaded Bar
Product Shortname: BLBI, BLBM, BLBH (Flat/Sq)
BS 970 230MO7Pb
Typical Analysis:
C 0.15% max. Mn P S Si Pb 0.8/1.2% 0.04/0.09% 0.25/0.35% 0.10%max 0.15/0.35%
Typical UTS Yield: UTS = 430 Yield= 340 Colour Code: Brown - Metric
Blue - Imperial
Characteristics: A premium grade of free cutting bar, similar to 1214/1215, with the addition of lead, it is widely
used in repetitive manufacturing. The added lead enables excellent machinability but also makes it more difficult to weld.
Applications: Brake components, gear box components, hydraulic fittings. Size Range:
Hex - Imperial (inches)
5 7
/16 /8
/8
/16
1
/2
/16
3
/8
1
/4
1 /8
1 /4
1
1 /8
1 /2
Engineering Steels:>
Typical Analysis:
Mechanical Properties:
Colour Code:
Yellow
Characteristics:
AISI 1040/45 is a medium carbon medium tensile steel with improved strength over mild steel. Supplied in black or cold drawn condition it is easily machineable and is generally used in the as supplied condition. It can be readily flame or induction hardened to approximately 58 Rockwell C.
Applications: All general engineering applications requiring a higher strength than mild steel such as shafts, axles, bolts, etc. Size Range:
Rounds (cold drawn) Imperial (inches)
5/16 1/2 3/4 3/8 9/16 7/8 7/16 5/8
Rounds (Black) Metric (mm) 40 70 105 150 200 250 310 420 45 75 110 160 210 260 320 50 80 120 170 220 280 340 60 90 130 180 230 290 370 65 100 140 190 240 300 400
1 3/8 2 3
130
Before ordering black material, note comments on machining allowances (Refer to page 28).
Annealing 830-860OC Normalising 830-860OC Hardening 830-860OC Tempering 200-650OC Flame/Induction 870-900OC
Tempering Diagram:
TS1 N/mm2 103 1600 90 1400 78 1200 65 1000 Test specimen 14mm O quenched in oil from 860OC kp/mm2 Hardness, Brinell 160 140 120 100
Tempering Diagram:
TS1 N/mm2 103 1600 90 1400 78 1200 50 65 1000 Test specimen 50mm O quenched in oil from 860OC kp/mm2 Hardness, Brinell 500 160 140 120 100
500
50
52 800 80 39 600 660 26 400 40 13 200 20 0 0 0 100 700 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC
C Mn Cr Mo 0.40% 0.8% 0.95% 0.25% Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 850 - 1000MPa Yield approx 700 - 900MPa Colour Code: White
Characteristics:
AISI 4140 quality is supplied in the heat treated condition with an ultimate tensile strength in the range 850-1000MPa, although with further heat treatment tensile strengths of 1150MPa can be obtained on sections up to 100mm (4). In the as supplied, heat treated condition this grade is used for a wide range of shafting and high tensile applications, it possesses excellent toughness and is readily machineable. 4140 grade can also be nitrided to approximately 60 Rockwell C surface hardness or alternatively flame or induction hardened to approximately 58HRC surface hardness. Medium to heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, rods, spindles, crow bars, nuts, etc.
See over page for Hexagon and imperial sizes and ranges.
Fletcher Easysteel Page 18
1 AF
1 1/8 AF
1 1/4 AF
1 1/2 AF
1 3/4 AF
2 AF
1 4
1 1/8
1 1/4
1 1/2
1 3/4
2 1/4
2 1/2
1 3
1/8
1/4
1 3/8
1 1/2
1 3/4
2 1/4
2 1/2
3 1/2
Heat Treatment Procedures: Although AISI 4140 is supplied in the already heat treated condition at a tensile strength of 850-1000MPa, there will inevitably be certain applications where a higher strength is required or where a higher surface hardness is needed to withstand abrasion. The following recommendations are intended as a guide to further thermal treatments. Note: Before any further through hardening treatments are carried out the material should first be annealed.
Thermal Temperature Process: Range:
Annealing 850-880OC Normalising 850-880OC Hardening 850-880OC Tempering 200-650OC Flame/Induction 870-900OC Hardening
Remarks:
Cool slowly in furnace at not more than 65OC/hr. Air cool. Holding time in furnace should be 10mins/cm of ruling section followed by oil or water quenching. Temperature depends on required hardness (see tempering diagrams). Tempering should be carried out immediately after quenching. The tempering time being at least 1 hour per 25mm of section. Heating should be rapid in order to localise the heating effect to the surface of the bar. Quench immediately into oil or water. Temper immediately at 150-200OC for maximum surface hardness obtainable 54-60 HRC.
Tempering Diagram:
TS1 N/mm2 130 2000 115 1800 103 1600 90 1400 78 1200 65 1000 Test specimen 35mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200 180 kp/mm2 160 140 120 100 100
Tempering Diagram:
TS1 N/mm2 130 2000 115 1800 103 1600 90 1400 78 1200 65 1000 Test specimen 100mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200 180 kp/mm2 100 160 140 120 100
52 800 80 39 600 60 26 400 40 13 200 20 0 0 0 100 700 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC
80 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0
52 800 80 39 600 60 26 400 40 13 200 20 0 0 0 100 700 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC
80 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0
Colour Code:
Black
Characteristics:
AISI 4340 is supplied in the heat treated condition with a tensile strength in the range 950-1100MPa. This grade has a high hardenability enabling it to be used for high tensile applications in large sections. AISI 4340 can be flame or induction hardened to produce a surface hardness of approximately 58 HRC.
Applications: High strength machine parts, collets, spindles, high tensile bolts and studs, gears, pinions, axle shafts, tappets, crankshafts, connecting rods, arbors, etc. Centreless Ground can be used where tight tolerances, e.g. bearing fits, are required whilst at the same time having the high tensile strength. Size Range:
Rounds (black) Metric (mm)
25 75 160 380 30 80 180 400 35 90 200 420 40 100 210 45 105 220 50 110 250 55 120 280 60 130 300 65 140 320 70 150
340
Rounds (centreless ground) Imperial (inches) 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 3 Before ordering black material please note comments on machining allowances. (Refer page 28.)
Remarks:
Cool slowly in furnace at not more than 65OC/hr. Air cool. Holding time in furnace should be 10mins/cm of ruling section followed by oil quenching. Temperature depends on required hardness (see tempering diagrams). Tempering should be carried out immediately after quenching. The tempering time being at least 1 hour per 25mm of section. Heating should be rapid in order to localise the heating effect to the surface of the bar. Quench immediately into oil. Temper immediately at 150-200OC. Surface hardness obtainable 56-60 HRC.
Tempering Diagram:
TS1 N/mm2 130 2000 115 1800 103 1600 90 1400 78 1200 65 1000 Test specimen 35mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200 180 kp/mm2 160 140 120 100 100
Tempering Diagram:
TS1 N/mm2 130 2000 115 1800 103 1600 90 1400 78 1200 65 1000 Test specimen 100mm O quenched in oil from 860OC 200 180 kp/mm2 100 160 140 120 100
52 800 80 39 600 60 26 400 40 13 200 20 0 0 0 100 700 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC
80 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0
52 800 80 39 600 60 26 400 40 13 200 20 0 0 0 100 700 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature in OC
80 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0
Typical Analysis: C Mn Cr Mo Ni (2738) 0.40% 1.5% 1.9% 0.2% 1.0% Mechanical Properties: UTS approx 950-1100MPa Colour Code:
2311 Red 2312 Red/White 2738 Red/Yellow
Characteristics:
Although predominantly used in tooling applications in the plastic mould industry, these steels are also suited for use in applications where a high tensile strength is the prime requirement. These steels are supplied in the hardened and tempered condition with a tensile strength of 950-1100MPa. Further heat-treatment can produce tensile strength of 1400MPa in sections up to 100mm (4) and 1200MPa in sections as large as 200mm (8). In the as-supplied heat-treated condition this grade possesses excellent toughness and endurance strength and is therefore also ideally suited for high tensile applications such as heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, etc. It may be nitrided to produce a surface hardness of 60 Rockwell C and flame or induction hardened to 58 Rockwell C. High tensile applications such as heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, etc.
Flats (mm)
25 35 45 50 70 75 80 100 130 150 200
Typical Analysis:
Colour Code:
Characteristics:
DIN 2767 is supplied in the annealed condition, but is capable of being hardened to a tensile strength in excess of 1500MPa and is therefore ideal for applications where ultra high tensile strengths are required. The chemical make-up of this steel enables it to be air hardened or vacuum hardened with a minimum of distortion. DIN 2767 also displays excellent polishability and high toughness and can be successfully carburised.
Applications: After heat treatment this grade is used for applications involving high tensile strengths in conjunction with extremely good toughness used where the strength of 4340 is not sufficient, such as shafts, axles, gears, etc. Can also be used for gears requiring shock resistance. Size Range:
Rounds - Metric (mm)
16 20.5 25 30 35.8 40 50 96 111.5
Heat Treatment:
Soft annealing OC
610-650
Cooling
furnace
Hardness HB
max. 260
Hardening from OC in
840-870 oil, air or hot bath 56 180-220OC Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 500 600 HRC 56 54 50 46 42 38
Typical Analysis: C Mn Si Ni Cr En36A 0.15% 0.5% 0.2% 3.25%, 0.85% C Mn Si Ni Cr Mo En39B 0.15% 0.5% 0.2% 4.2% 0.85% 0.2% Colour Code: En36A - Yellow/Brown En39B - Orange/Brown Characteristics:
Case hardening steels with high core strengths. En39B has the higher core strength and toughness after heat treatment. In addition to case hardening both grades are also used in the through hardened condition for high tensile applications. Supplied in the annealed state, approx 269 HB.
Applications: Components requiring good wear resistance and a tough core, i.e. carburised splined shafts, piston pins, camshafts, guide pins. Size Range:
En36A Rounds - Metric (mm)
22 90 220 25 100 260 33 105 310 40 120 50 140 55 150 60 170 70 180 75 200 80 210
Fletcher Easysteel Service Centres have the ability to cut to your specific requirements.
Remarks:
For 1 hour per 25mm of section, slow furnace cool at no more than 65OC/hour.
The following table indicates approximate case depths achievable: Time in hours at the stated carburising temperature to produce the given case-depth
880OC Solid
1.5 2.4 6.0 10.7 24.0 43.0 67.0
900OC Gas
0.65 2.0 4.5 8.0 18.0 32.0 50.0
925OC Gas
0.45 1.5 3.2 5.25 12.0 21.0 33.0
Solid
1.2 2.1 4.4 7.8 17.6 31.2 52.0
Salt
0.6 1.8 4.0 7.2 16.0 -
Solid
0.8 1.7 2.7 4.8 10.8 19.2 30.0
Gas
0.35 1.0 2.25 4.0 9.0 16.0 25.0
Treatment B
Treatment C
(Single refine) Air cool from carburising temperature. Reheat to 850-880OC and oil quench. Temper at 200OC for 1 hour per 25mm of section.
Oil quench direct from Air cool direct from carburising carburising temperature and temperature and temper at 200OC temper at 200OC for 1 hour for 1 hour per 25mm of section. per 25mm of section.
Phosphor Bronze:>
Phosphor Bronze LG2
SAE 40 JIS H5111-BC6 DIN 1705-RG5 AS 1565 83600 ASTM A505 & B271-83600 ISO 1338-CuPb5Sn52n5
Typical Analysis:
Characteristics:
Phosphor bronze LG2 (leaded gunmetal) is the common general purpose bearing grade particularly for general resistance to pick up or sticking with ferrous material in slow or medium friction applications. Its excellent machineability, and freedom from gas and porosity enable complicated parts to be made. E xcellent resistance to general corrosion.
Applications: Bushes and bearings in equipment, irrigation, bearing rings, hydraulic control equipment, hydraulic ram components, crank gears, valve seats, wear rings. Size Range: All standard sizes in round (solids) from 25.5mm - 101mm All standard sizes in cored hollow bar from 1 x 1/2 to 4 x 3.5 (Other sizes on application) Typical Mechanical Properties
UTS Centrifugally Cast Continuous Cast
270Mpa 300Mpa
Yield
120Mpa 120Mpa
Elongation
20% 20%
Hardness
75BHN 75BHN
Engineering Steels
Dia. INCHES 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 METRIC 10 12 16 20 24 25 30 33 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 90 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 185 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 340 350 360 370 380 400 420 MEDIUM TENSILE 1040 BLK 1040 CD BLK ` 4140 CD CG BLK 4340 CASE CG EN36A EN39B
Engineering Steels:>
Forms of Supply & Machining Allowances
Our suppliers endeavour to meet the requirements of the market at all times. Apart from the black condition they can offer tool steels in the premachined condition, which presents economic advantage in many cases. The production programmes are subdivided into the following product groups: black condition premachined tool steels precision-machined tool steels Current market analysis guarantees the consumer optimum stock in all common steel grades and sizes, annealed or heattreated with the necessary working strength or hardness. The machined bars offer the customer the following advantages: no loading and soiling of the machines by rough machining flexible and improved time schedule ready-made for further processing, consequently shortening of tool production time significant reduction of the manufacturing costs indirect extension of capacity without further investment allocation of preliminary work to the tool steel supplier, thus freeing the toolmakers for other skilled work
Black condition
Material is produced under consideration of the common machining allowances indicated in DIN 17350, part 10 (draft 6/83). When manufacturing tools sufficient allowance must be made for machining to remove scale which originated during forging, rolling and annealing as well as decarburization and sometimes surface imperfections.
Premachined tool steels offer to the user a smooth surface with machining allowances already strongly narrowed down. The advantages of a premachined surface can be seen from the diagram shown on page 91. Depending on size 7 to 10% of the weight can be saved.
Basic sizes and pertinent largest finished sizes for rolled or forged round, square, hexagonal and octagonal bars.
Basic Size Thickness DR* 10 12 14 15 16 18 20 22 25 30 35 40 Largest Finished Size Thickness DR* 8 10 12 12.5 13.5 15.5 17.5 19.5 22.5 27 32 36.5 Basic Size Thickness DR* 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 100 110 Largest Finished Size Thickness DR* 41.5 46 51 55.5 60.5 65 70 75 80 84 94 103 Basic Size Thickness DR* 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 Largest Finished Size Thickness DR* 113 123 132 142 151 161 170 180 189 199 209 218 Basic Size Thickness DR* 240 250 260 300 350 400 450 500 600 Largest Finished Size Thickness DR* 228 237 247 285 333 380 428 476 571
Cast Iron:>
Cast Iron-Grey Iron 4E
Product Shortname: CI Specifications: ASTM A.48
BS 1452 AS 1830 DIN 1691 JIS FC Classes 35-40 Grade 17 T 250 GG35 25
A continuously cast bar with a uniform partial pearlitic structure from surface to core. Ideally suited to high speed machining and provides significantly longer tool life. Pistons, bearings, manifolds, brushings, gears, pulleys etc
Cast Iron:>
Cast Iron-SG Iron 3D
Product Shortname: CI Specifications: ASTM A.536
BS 2789 AS 1831 DIN 1693 JIS Fc 65-45-12 SNG 27/12 400-250-12 GGG 40 D45
Characteristics:
A higher strength cast bar due to the spheroidal or nodular nature of the graphite (as opposed to the flake structure of Grey Iron). A ductile and easily machined material.
Applications: Products requiring corrosion resistant and shock resistance. Pump bodies, glass moulds, sprockets, heavy duty gears and motors, etc. Size Range:
SG Iron - Metric (mm)
55 100 155 60 105 160 65 110 180 70 120 190 80 130 200 90 140 220 95 150 240
260 285 310 360 *Other sizes, grades, squares, flats, hollow bar and profiles also available on indent
Hollow Bar:>
Hollow Bar Mecaplus 470
Product Shortname: HB Proprietary Material - Condition as rolled
C Si Mn P S Al 0.16-0.22 0.10-0.50 1.30-1.70 0.030 0.015-0.050 0.010
Typical Analysis:
Nb V Ti 0.07 0.08-0.15 -
Colour Code:
Mecaplus 470 is a seamless hot finished hollow bar. EN 10294-1 now for the first time includes a machinability minimum, which Mecaplus 470 not only meets but exceeds, giving longer tool life, increased cutting speed and better swarf fragmentation. Description: It is produced to EN10294-1, which prescribes that the descibed size is a gauranteed cleaned turn size (CTS). This is a change from the traditional method of desciption being the physical size. We have included both dimensions for your reference.
Heat Treatment
Normalising C 900 to 960 Cooling in still air Quenching & Tempering Hardening C 900 to 960 Quenching in water Tempering C 580 to 700 Cooling in still air 530 to 580 Stress Relieving C Cooling in still air
The workpieces must be evenly heated to the specified temperature over their entire cross section. No further soaking is required in normalizing and hardening. For stress relieving and tempering a minimum soaking time of 30 minutes is required.
Note: The steel grade MecaVal 470M is a medium tensile and in accordance with specification EN 10294-1. The above specification is an extract of the technical data sheet MOS 051R which is available to you upon request.
Hollow Bar:>
Size Range: Sizes listed are clean turned sizes as per EN 10294-1.
Guaranteed CTS Based on OD Chucking Delivered Size OD (mm) ID (mm) WT (mm) OD (mm) WT (mm) weight per metre (kg/m) G uaranteed CTS Based on ID Chucking OD (mm) ID (mm)
30 35 40 50 55 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 115 120 125 130 140 150 160 180 190 200 220 230 250
15 20 20 25 26 30 35 30 35 40 35 45 40 45 50 55 60 40 55 45 55 65 70 50 70 45 65 60 70 80 65 80 90 90 100 75 95 100 85 105 85 100 120 95 115 105 150 160 125 150 155 180 170 190
7.5 31.8 9.8 5.317 29.5 14.2 7.5 36.5 9.7 6.411 34.2 19.2 10 41.3 12.3 8.796 38.8 19.0 7.5 9.6 7.505 39.0 24.2 12 51.3 14.4 12.100 48.6 25 10 51.3 12.3 11.829 48.8 29.0 7.5 6.9 7.555 49.3 39.4 12.5 57.1 15.5 15.901 54.2 28.6 10 57.1 12.7 13.905 54.5 34.0 7.5 57.1 10.0 11.615 54.8 39.2 15 66.5 17.8 21.377 63.4 33.6 10 12.4 16.543 63.9 44.0 15 71.3 17.8 22.484 68.2 38.4 12.5 15.1 20.927 68.5 43.6 12.5 15.1 22.789 73.5 48.6 10 12.3 19.412 73.8 54.0 7.5 76.3 9.6 15.790 74.0 59.2 20 81.5 22.3 32.555 77.8 40.1 12.5 14.5 23.957 78.5 54.9 20 86.5 22.3 35.305 82.8 41.5 15 17.2 29.394 83.3 45.8 12.5 14.5 27.533 38.5 64.9 10 11.9 23.359 88.8 70.0 22.5 24.9 43.965 92.5 50.0 12.5 14.5 29.321 93.5 69.9 27.5 101.6 30.2 53.174 97.0 44.9 17.5 19.7 39.787 98.0 65.2 22.5 24.9 50.167 102.5 60.1 17.5 19.7 42.216 103.0 70.2 12.5 14.5 32.932 103.5 80.0 25 116.6 27.6 60.575 112.2 65.0 17.5 19.9 47.454 113.0 79.8 15 17.3 44.539 118.3 90.0 17.5 19.7 51.981 123.0 90.3 12.5 14.6 40.360 123.5 100.1 27.5 131.7 30.3 75.766 126.9 75.1 17.5 19.9 54.864 128.0 94.9 15 17.3 54.805 128.3 100.0 27.5 30.3 83.313 136.9 85.1 17.5 19.8 59.569 138.0 105.4 32.5 151.8 35.6 102.012 146.4 85.1 25 27.7 84.770 147.2 100.2 15 17.3 57.380 148.2 120.1 32.5 35.6 110.878 156.4 95.1 22.5 25.1 84.675 157.5 115.3 37.5 40.9 152.212 174.9 105.1 15 17.4 70.584 178.2 150.2 15 17.7 76.253 188.2 160.7 37.5 41.2 163.880 195.8 125.7 25 28.1 120.850 197.2 150.9 32.5 39.1 177.028 214.4 148.8 25 32.0 160.112 227.6 174.9 40 47.6 240.984 243.2 162.4 30 36.5 194.779 244.8 184.2
Hydraulic Steels:>
Supplied in 1045 grade as a medium strength bar with a thin layer of chrome plating (25 microns*). Has wear resistance and tight tolerance (f7) on surface finish. Used primarily for hydraulic ram applications.
Imperial (inches)
1/2 5/8 3/4
1 3
1 1/8 3 1/2
1 1/4 4
1 3/8 4 1/2
1 1/2 5
1 3/4 6
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 3/4
Metric (mm)
12 55 120 16 60 125 20 65 130 22 70 140 25 75 150 30 80 32 90 35 100 40 105 45 110 50 115
Tolerances:
Straightness: 0.5:1000mm Surface Roughness: Ra>0.2m, Rt>0.3m Finish: f7 Diameter (mm) Over 3 Up to 6 Over 6 Up to 10 Over 10 Up to 18 f7 (mm) -0.010 min -0.022 max -0.013 min -0.028 max -0.016 min -0.034 max Diameter (mm) Over 18 Up to 30 Over 30 Up to 50 Over 50 Up to 80 f7 (mm) -0.020 min -0.041 max -0.024 min -0.050 max -0.030 min -0.060 max Diameter (mm) Over 80 Up to 120 Over 120 Up to 180 Over 180 Up to 250 f7 (mm) -0.036 min -0.071 max -0.043 min -0.083 max -0.050 min -0.096 max
4140, 4140 induction hardened and 1045 induction hardened also available on an indent basis. *MICRON: One millionth of a metre and another term for micrometre. An easy conversion scheme is to remember that 25.4 microns=0.0254mm=0.001=1 mil=1,000microninches.
Fletcher Easysteel Page 35
Cylinder Tube:>
Hydraulic Cylinder Tube
Product Shortname: HCTI, HCTM Specifications: S T 52, Stress relieved Typical Analysis: C Mn Si
1.5% 0.50% S P 0.02-0.04% 0.03% - max
22%
Mechanical Properties: UTS >600, Yield >520 Characteristics: Seamless cold drawn or ERW DOM welded tubes, with inside diameter
to H8. Designed for hydraulic cylinder applications.
Size Range:
Inside Diameter x Wall Thickness - Imperial (inches)
1
1/2
1/4
2x
1/4
3 x 1/4 4 x 5/16 5x
5/16
3 x 5/16 4 x 3/8 5x
3/8
3 x 3/8 4 x 1/2 5
1/2
3 1/2 x 5/16 4
1/2
3 1/2 x 3/8 4
1/2
1/4
5/16
3/8
1/2
3/8
6 x 1/2
8 x 1/2
Inside Diameter x Wall Thickness - Metric (mm) 63 x 6 110 x 10 80 x 7.5 110 x 12.5 80 x 10 120 x 10 90 x 7.5 120 x 12.5 90 x 10 130 x 10 100 x 10 100 x 12.5
Tolerances: Straightness: 0.5:1000mm Surface Roughness: Ra>0.2m, Rt>0.3m Finish: Inside diameter to h8
*Other finishes and sizes also available on an indent basis. *Pre cut and pre machined, also available on an indent basis. Note: Skiving and Roller burnishing and honing are two different preocesses to the same end result - H8 ID tubes and therefore should be interchangeable.
Accessory Tooling:
Tool DIN Spec pressure part, pressure 1.2842 pad intermediate plate stripper 1.2842 stripper plate 1.2399S spring bolt 1.2842 guide bolt 1.2162 guide column ejector pin 1.2210 ejector plate 1.2842 punch holder 1.2399S base plate hold down fixture 1.2379 1.2842 Working Hardness in HRC resp. Working Strength in N/mm2 56-60 HRC 58-60 HRC approx. 900 N/mm2 58-62 HRC 58-60 HRC 56-60 HRC 56-60 HRC approx. 900 N/mm2 58-62 HRC 58-62 HRC
blanking clearance in mm
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.015 0.010 0.005 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 sheet thickness in mm A = standard blanking B = precision blanking
Standard blanking die in comparison with precision blanking die standard blanking die
piercing punch guide or pressing plate fitted with annular teeth annular tooth piece piercing die *) counter-punch and ejector pin *) From 4mm of material thickness annular teeth shall be fitted on the pressing and cutting plate.
Fletcher Easysteel Page 39
Specifications:
Typical Analysis:
Colour Code:
Red/Green
Steel Properties: Ledeburitic-high-carbon high-chromium steel. Highest wear resistance, good toughness. In comparison with DIN 1.2601 improved edge-holding quality and retention to tempering; the steel can be nitrided after a special heat treatment. Characteristics:
1.2379 (AISI D2) is a high carbon, high chromium cold work steel which is extremely stable in heat treatment, and develops high toughness and edge holding qualities in the h ardened and tempered condition. 1.2379 exhibits deep hardening characteristics making it suitable for either air or vacuum hardening on most sizes.
Applications: Thread rolling dies, cold extrusion tools, blanking and stamping tools for sheet thicknesses up to 6mm. Deep drawing tools, circular shear blades, etc. Size Range:
Rounds D2 - Metric (mm)
16 105 240 22 111 260 25 120 270 30 125 290 35 130 300 40 140 310 45 150 320 50 160 330 55 170 360 65 180 380 70 190 400 75 200 81 210 91 220 100 232
Note: We will be pleased to cross-cut your requirements from stock sizes of flats.
106 x m 20-100 20-200 20-300 20-400OC m x OC 10.5 11.5 11.9 12.2 20 350 700OC Thermal Conductivity J cm x s x OC 0.167 0.205 0.242
Thermal expansion
Hot Forming:
Heat Treatment:
Soft annealing OC
Cooling
Hardness HB
max. 250
Hardening from OC in
1000-1050 oil, air or hot bath 500-550OC
O Tempering C 100 200 300 400 500 525 550 600 HRC 63 61 58 58 58 60 56 50
Tempering
Tempering Diagram
---
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC
Fletcher Easysteel Page 41
Typical Analysis:
Colour Code: Light Blue Steel Properties: Low change in size upon heat treatment. High wear-resistance and toughness. Characteristics: 2363 Fills the gap between 2510 and 2379, providing an ideal combination of wear resistance,
toughness, stability in hardening and machinability, for all press tooling applications. It is ideal for applications requiring an improvement over oil hardening tool steels, especially in wear resistance, stability and risk of cracking in hardening without the extra costs associated with high carbon chrome steels. 2363 exhibits deep hardening characteristics making it suitable for either air or vacuum hardening in most sizes. Blanking dies, rolls, shear blades, cold pilger mandrels, cold coining dies. Moulds for the processing of plastics.
Heat Treatment:
Soft annealing OC
Cooling
Hardness HB
max. 231
Hardening from OC in
930-970 oil, air or hot bath 500-550OC
Tempering Diagram
Temperature in OC
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC
Notes:>
DIN-Material Number:
1.2344.
Typical Analysis:
Colour Code: Orange, Green Steel Properties: High hot tensile strength, hot wear-resistance and toughness. Good thermal conductivity and Characteristics:
DIN 1.2344 EFS is of the H13 type and as such is the most widely used of all the hot die steels. This grade offers a good resistance to softening, up to 600OC, combined with good s tability in hardening and high toughness, making it suitable not only for hot die applications b ut also plastic moulds. The EFS grade of material offers a more uniform, finer structure with an i mproved degree of cleanliness, and improved concentration of alloying elements.
Applications: Plastic moulds, extrusion and die casting tooling, hot shear blades, parts requiring high tensile strength and high nitrided hardness. Universally applicable hot work steel. Pressure casting and metal extrusion tools for the processing of light metals, forging dies, moulds, worms, and cylinders for the processing of plastics, nitrided ejectors, hot shear blades. Size Range:
Rounds HOT - Metric (mm)
45 50 55 110 131.5 155.5 202 232 250 380
With the increasing need to provide the ultimate in hot work properties for the die casting and related industries, 2344 EFS Supra is now also available.
750-800
Soft annealing C Cooling Hardness HB Hardness or tensile strength after quenching in HRC N/mm2
Hardening
1000-1050
from OC
Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 HRC 53 52 52 54 56 56 54 50 47 32 N/mm2 1850 1790 1790 1910 2050 2050 1910 1670 1330 1020
1200 1100 1000 900 Temperature in OC 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100
70 66 62 58
Tempering Diagram
620
Hardness in HRC
50 46 42 38 34 30
0 1 10 102 103 104 105 106 Seconds 1 10 102 103 104 Time Minutes
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC
Hardness in HRC
54
550
Steel Selection:
Case hardening steels: Apart from a proper design and a heat treatment adapted to the respective steel grade the selection of a suitable steel is decisive for the efficiency of a tool. The case hardening steels offer excellent polishability and machinability. Therefore injection moulds as well as compression moulds are chiefly made from polishable case-hardening steels possessing high wear-resistance in the carburized case combined with good toughness in the core.
Chemical Composition (Typical Analysis in %) Mn 0.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.1 S 0.05 0.05 Cr 1.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 13.0 5.3 12.0 1.4 0.6 1.7 Mo 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.2 1.4 0.7 0.3 0.2 5.0 Ni 4.0 1.0 4.0 1.0 18.0 V 1.0 1.0 Co 10.0 Ti 1.0 Al 1.0 -
Case-hardening steels Heat-treated steels 1.2311 1.2312 1.2738 Corrosion-resistant steels 1.2083 1.2344 EFS 1.2379 1.2767 1.2510 Nitriding steels 1.8550 Maraging steels 1.2709
Through-hardening steels
Heat-treated steels:
clamping plate cavity plate lead pin pressure pad blank cavity plate ejector pin ejector plate ejector base plate clamping plate
centering flange sprue bushing clamping plate cavity plate lead pin finish-moulded article cavity plate ejector pin ejector plate ejector base plate clamping plate
Corrosion-resistant steels: 1.2083, a corrosion-resistant 13% chromium steel, is used for processing chemically active plastic materials. Through-hardening steels:
Through-hardening steels are distinguished by high hardenability and compressive strength. Moreover, they are characterized by a superior close tolerance upon heat treatment. Due to their high compressive strength they are best suited for plastic moulds being subjected to high compressive forces. A significant advantage for these steels is given by the possibility of carrying out greater machining operations after the heat treatment. Contrary to the case hardening steels in this case there is no risk of wearing out a carburized surface zone resulting in a new heat treatment. The tool steel 1.2767 offers high toughness and is used for adequately stressed moulds. Moreover this steel offers a good polishability, ability for photo etching and eroding. Especially during heat treatment in vacuum furnaces it is distinguished by lowest size changes. 1.2344 EFS is especially suitable for moulds and screws as it can be nitrided and still have a high core strength after nitriding. Due to its high hot tensile strength also moulds and screws being subjected to a higher thermal load are successfully manufactured from this steel. The grades 1.2379 and 1.2842 listed among the group of through-hardening steels are predominantly used for pressure pads and smaller-sized plastic moulds when processing duroplastics of an abrasive nature.
2767 EFS Supra: Where there is an extremely high requirement of polishability, ability for photo-etching and eroding, remelted tool steel is recommended. Therefore, the grade. 1.2767 EFS SUPRA has been developed for mirror-polished plastic moulds, for finest photo design and for texture-eroded surfaces. The dimensional stability during heat treatment was further improved compared with the standard grade.
Recommended Steel for Compression and Injection Moulds Material
1.2162 1.2311 1.2312 1.2083 1.2767 1.2344 EFS 1.2379 1.2842 1.2709
Material
1.8550 1.2344 EFS 1.2379
Remarks
nitrided nitrided
cylinder
1.2344 EFS
nitrided nitrided
spruce bushing
1.2379 1.2842
60 HRC 60 HRC 1200 N/mm2 60 HRC 60 HRC 1450 N/mm2 60 HRC nitrided
centering flange, ejector plate clamping plate, mould frame pressure pad
Alumec is a high strength aluminium alloy having uniform through thickness properties. This high strength coupled with low density and enhanced machinability makes Alumec ideally suited for many tooling applications. High metal removal rates are achieved by standard machining methods along with EDM and in addition, Alumec can be further surface hardened or plated.
Applications: Used in areas where high strength/weight ratios are required and where heavy machining is to be carried out, such as; injection moulding, blow moulding, rubber moulding, prototype tooling, jigs and fixtures, hydraulic manifold systems. Size Range:
Stocked in 2000mm x 1000mm sheets/plates - Metric (mm)
12.7 16 20 25 40 50 75 100 150 200
Mechanical Properties:
Thickness Range (mm) Tensile Strength (MPa)
Alumec79 Alumec89
Elongation (%)
Alumec79 Alumec89
Brinell
Alumec79
Hardness Rockwell B
Alumec79 Alumec89
Alumec89
> 6.35 - 25 > 25 - 50 > 75 - 100 > 100-125 > 125 - 167 > 167 - 205 > 205 - 305
86 84 82 81 79 74 70
90 89 89 89 89 84 80
Quenched and tempered plastic mould steel. Hardness in condition as supplied 280-325 HB. Good machinability, better polishability compared with 1.2312. Capable for texturing. 1.2311 is supplied in the heat treated condition to a tensile strength of 950-1100MPa and by further heat treatment a hardness level of approximately 50 HRC can be achieved. I mproved wear resistance can be achieved by flame/ induction hardening to give a surface hardness of up to 54 HRC or by nitriding, to give a surface hardness of approximately 60 HRC w hilst maintaining the high, as supplied core strength of 950-1100MPa. This grade offers excellent polishability and good surface finish when subjected to electrical discharge machining (EDM) or texturing.
Applications:
Plastic mould, zinc die-casting tooling. High tensile application heavy duty shafts, gears, axles, crusher rolls, bolts, etc. Plastic moulds, mould frames for plastic moulds and pressure casting dies, sleeves of recipients.
Size Range:
Rounds MOLD - Metric (mm)
25 35 45 50 65 80 90 100 110
710-740
Hardening
840-870
from OC
Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 HRC 51 50 48 46 42 36 28 N/mm2 1730 1670 1570 1480 1330 1140 920
Tempering Diagram
Temperature in OC
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Tempering Temperature in OC
Specifications:
X 45 NiCrMo 4. BS:EN30B
Typical Analysis:
Colour Code: Grey/Purple Steel Properties: Steel for air- and oil-hardening, high hardenability, highest toughness. Good Polishability. Characteristics: 1.2767 is supplied in the annealed condition but by further heat treatment can be hardened up to around
54 HRC. The chemical make-up of 1.2767 enables it to be air h ardened or vacuum hardened with minimum distortion. 1.2767 displays e xcellent polishability and toughness in the hardened condition making it suited to high pressure plastic moulding applications. It also possesses good thermal properties for plastic moulding applications.
Applications: Compression/injection moulds, cutlery dies, blanking dies, high tensile applications such as shafts, rollers, axles, etc. Cutlery dies, blanking dies for large sizes, billet shears, drawing jaws, m assive embossing and bending tools, plastic moulds, reinforcements.
Size Range:
Note: Can also be used for Cold Work and Shock Resisting applications. Also used as a Cold Work Steel 1.2767 can be heat treated to strengths in excess of 1500 MPa lending itself to applications where extremely high stresses are involved.
610-650
840-870 180-220 C 56 Tempering OC 100 200 300 400 500 600 HRC 56 54 50 46 42 38
O
Tempering Diagram
0 1 10 102 103 104 105 106 Seconds Time 1 10 100 1000 10 000
Notes:>
Gauge Plate:>
Gauge Plate
Product Shortname: GPI, GPM AISI 01/DIN 1.2510 Supplied Annealed to HB 229 max. Typical Analysis: C Mn Cr W V Applications: Gauges, punchs, dies, jigs, templates, cams, machine parts etc.
Tolerances:
Heat Treatment:
780-820 150-300OC 62 Tempering OC 150 200 250 300 HRC 62 60-61 58-59 56-58
/ x
1
1/2
3 16
/ x
3/16 1/2
1 4
/ x
1
1/2
5 16
/ x
2
3 8
/ x
1
1/2
1 2
/ x
1
1/2
5 8
/ x
1 2
3 4
/ x
1 2 3 4 6 7 8
1x
1 1
1/2
6x
2
8 2
2
1/2
2 2
2
1/2
2 4 6
3 4 8
Gauge Plate
Size Range Metric:
Gauge Plate:>
3x
20 25 40 50 80 100 125 150 200
5x
20 25 30 40 50 60 70 75 80 100 150
6x
20 25 40 50 60 70 75 80 100 150 200
8x
25 40 50 100 150
10 x
10 20 25 40 50 60 70 80 100 125 150 250
12 x
20 25 40 50 70 80 100 150
15 x
25 50 60 100 125
20 x
20 25 40 50 60 70 100 150
25 x
25 50 70 75 80 100 120 150 200
50 x
50 125 150
Gauge Plate:>
Key Steel
Product Shortname: KEYI, KEYM Bright Drawn Steel Bars Specifications:
BS46: Part 1 1958 (Imperial) BS4235: Part 1 1972 (Metric) C Mn C Mn 0.45% 0.6-1.0% 0.42/0.5% max 0.50-0.80%
Typical Analysis:
Size Range:
Squares - Imperial (inches)
1 8 7/8
3 16
1 4
5 16
3 8
7 16
1 2
9 16
5 8
3 4
1/4
1/2
Tolerances:
+.002 +.003 +.004 +.002 +.002 +.003 +.004 -.036 -.043 -.043 -.052 -.062 -.062
Up to and incl. 3/4 x 1/2 7/8 x 5/8 Over 7/8 x 5/8 up to and incl. 1 1/4 x 7/8 1 1/2 x 1 8 x 7 up to and incl. 10 x 8 Over 10 x 8 up to and incl. 16 x 10 18 x 11 Over 18 x 11 up to and incl. 28 x 16mm 32 x 18 Over 32 x 18 up to and incl. 50 x 28
Width (-.000)
Thickness (-.000)
Width (+.000)
Thickness (+.000)
Key Steel:>
Silver Steel
Product Shortname: SSRI, SSRM (AISI W1) Supplied Annealed centreless ground Typical Analysis:
C Mn Si Cr 1.1/1.2% 0.15-0.45% 0.40% 0.35-0.50%
Applications: Punches, dowels, spindles, shafts, pinions, gauges, centres, engraving tools etc Size Range: (sizes below 1/8 are bright drawn).
Imperial (inches)
1/8 3/16 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8
Metric (mm)
3 15 4 16 5 18 6 20 7 25 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Tolerances:
Below 1 dia. 1 dia and over
+/-0.00025 +/-0.0005
+0.000/-0.010 +0.000/-0.020
Heat Treatment:
770-790 150-300OC 66 Sizes up to 5/16 (8mm) dia. may ne oil hardened from 800-810OC Tempering OC 120 150 200 250 300 350 400 HRC 65-66 64-66 62-64 58-60 54-56 52-54 48-50
Plate:>
Size Designation:
Boiler Plate - Metric (mm) - 6000 x 2400
6 8 10 12 16 20 25 32 50
* Note: Not all thicknesses are available in all widths and lengths.
Supplied Conditions:
GRADE 400 Tensile Elongation Hardness (HB) GRADE 500 Tensile Elongation Hardness (HB) Bisalloy 400 1320 14% 360 - 430 Bisalloy 500 1640 10% 477 - 534 JFE EH400 1316 19.8% 401 min JFE EH500 1449 17.7% 477 min Sumihard K400 1325 25% 360 -440 Sumihard K500 1552 21% 450 - 550
Size Designation:
Length (m) x Width (mm) x Thickness (mm) Thickness: 6mm to 80mm Widths: 1500mm to 2500mm Length: 6000mm
Weight Calculation: kilograms per square metre = plate thickness (mm) x 7.85
Note: When fabricating high strength and wear resistant plate special procedures must be followed. Please contact your local Fletcher Easysteel branch for further information. * Refer to page 83 for Easycut Profiling Service.
A high strength quenched and tempered plate, Grade 80 is approximately three times stronger than mild steel.
Supplied Conditions:
Hi-Strength Yield Strength Tensile Strength Elongation (16mm) Domex 650 630-650 700-880 14% Bisalloy 80 690 790 - 930 18% JFE HI780S 685 780 - 930 24% Sumiten 780S 686 785 - 932 24%
Size Designation:
Weight Calculation: kilograms per square metre = plate thickness (mm) x 7.85
Note: When fabricating high strength and wear resistant plate special procedures must be followed. Please contact your local Fletcher Easysteel branch for further information. * Refer to page 83 for Easycut Profiling Service.
Plate:>
Steel Plate:>
AUSTRALIAN AS 3678
EUROPEAN* EN10025
BRITISH* BS 4360
JAPANESE JIS
AMERICAN ASTM
200
St33 A283A G3101-SS330 40A,B C,D St37-2 St37-3 G3101-SS400 G3106-SM400 A, B, C Fe360 A, B, C, D Fe310-0
S235JR
A2383B A283C A36 A573-400 A283D A284C A529 A572-290 A633A A573-450 A572-345 A573-485
250 250L15
St44-2 St44-3
410
Fe430A, B, C, D
St52-3
450 450L15
A572-415
520 540
1. This table indicates the approximate relationship between Australian grades and their international counterparts. 2. Grades are shown in their increasing tensile strength order. In the case of American ASTM Standards some grades are also shown in the increasing yield strength (YS) order, as their position in the hierarchy is different when based on the yield strength compare to tensile strength (TS). * EN10025 has replaced BS4360 and DIN17100 Standards.
3. For grades with BOLD suffix letters C, D on British, European and International Standards, B, C on Japanese Standards and suffix numbers 2 and 3 on German Standards, the appropriate Australian alternative is the nearest L15 grade of the equivalent strength level (ie High or
Medium). 4. Grades readily available are highlighted in black. 5. The grade/s within the same colour band show generally acceptable alternatives, provided relevant design factors are considered. Refer to your Fletcher EasySteel representative.
Plate:>
Boiler Quality Plate INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS COMPARISON
Tensile Strength (MPa) 310 340 360 380 390 400 410 415 430 440 450 460 480
AUSTRALIAN AS 1548
JAPANESE JIS
EUROPEAN EN 10028
2-P235GH A285-C A516-55 3-P275N G3115-SPV235 G3126-SLA235 G3103-SB410 2P265GH G3118-SGV410 A515-60 A516-60 7-430 G3126-SLA325 G3108-SB450 G3118-SGC450 7-460 G3103-SB480 G3118-SGV480 7-490 A515-70 A516-70 A662-C A537-C11 A737-B A841 2-P295GH A515-65 A516-65 A662-B A662-A
P235
P265
P290
G3115-SPV315 G3126-SLA360
3-P355N
P315
1. This table indicates the approximate relationship between Australian grades and their international counterparts. More detailed comparisons of these Standards/grades can be obtained by contacting your Fletcher Steel representative. 2. Grades are shown in their increasing tensile strength order. AS1548-5-490 and equivalent grades have a higher minimum yield strength requirement than the corresponding AS1548-7-490 and equivalent grades. 3. Grade equivalence shown is based on room temperature tensile properties only. 4. Grades readily available are highlighted in black.
5. It may be possible to substitute readily available grades for international grades outside the designated strength band shown, provided relevant design factors are considered. Refer to your Fletcher Easy Steel representative for further information.
Notes:>
Welding Products:>
Welding Products:>
Diameter (mm) Current Range (amps) Welding Positions Product Applications & Characteristics Current Condition Specifications
Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4112-0 AWS A5.1 E6013
The FES 28 has a medium heavy rutile coating and yields a fairly rapidly solidifying slag. It is used in all mild steel general construction industries including pipe work and is an easy to use electrode with good weld appearance. A short arc length can be used without the electrode freezing to the weld pool, of particular benefit for vertical and overhead welding.
F H V OH
AC50v DC -
Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 470-530 MPa Yield Value 430-470 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 25-30% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0C 47-78 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.11% Mn 0.35 - 0.50% Si 0.30 - 0.50% Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 480-510 MPa Yield Value 430-480 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 25-29% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0C 51-83 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.01% Mn 0.61% Si 0.54% Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 480-500 MPa Yield Value 430-480 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 22-26% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 20C 55-88 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.70 - 0.11% Mn 0.35 - 0.55% Si 0.30 - 0.60%
The FES 48A is a rutile electrode for general purpose welding of mild steels. The slag has quicker freezing properties than many similar rods, making it suitable for out of position welding. It has good gap bridging ability and has good weld appearance, slag removal and mechanical properties.
Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4112-0 AWS A5.1 E6013
F H V down OH
AC45v DC -
The FES 68 is a medium heavy coated rutile electrode which produces very rapidly solidifying slag. It is an outstanding electrode for welding in all positions and at places difficult to reach. An important feature is that it can be used for welding in any position at the same current. It has excellent gap bridging ability and is particularly good for vertical down position and for welding galvanised and dirty steels
Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/ NZS 1553.1 E4112A AWS A5.1 E6013
F H V down OH
AC50v DC -
FES7024 High Efficiency Iron Powder Electrode for welding mild steel
The FES 7024 is a heavy coated rutile contact electrode developed for high speed welding of mild steel in the down hand and horizontal positions using AC or DC current. The high iron powder content in the flux gives high efficiency combined with excellent mechanical properties and weldability. Ideal for use in ship building, pressure vessels, heavy machinery frames, roof trusses, tanks, and structural beams, as well as general engineering.
Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4824-0 AWS A5.1 E7024
F H
AC50v DC -
Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 512 MPa Yield Value 474 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 26% Reduction of Area 59% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0C 68 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.07 - 0.08% Mn 0.50 - 0.70% Si 0.29 - 0.31%
Welding Products:>
Welding Positions Product Applications & Characteristics
The FES 56s is a basic coated, low hydrogen electrode with a very thin coating to improve joint access and make the electrodes ideal for root pass welding. The electrode is ideally suited for pipe welding using the vertical up technique. The main related industries are offshore, petrochemical, and power engineering.
Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4816-4H5 AWS A5.1 E7016-H8
Current Condition
Diameter (mm)
Specifications
FES56S Low Hydrogen Electrode For welding mild and medium tensile steel
F H V OH
AC70v DC +/-
Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 510-590 MPa Yield Value Min. 420 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 26% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -40C Average 190 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.04 - 0.09% Mn 0.80 - 1.20% Si 0.30 - 0.60%
FES77 Low Hydrogen Electrode for welding mild and medium tensile steel
The FES 77 is a low hydrogen iron powder coated electrode. It is ideal for welding in all positions except vertical down. It maintains excellent mechanical properties and the weld metal deposits exceptionally smoothly. Mainly used for welding un-alloyed, micro alloyed, and low alloyed steels. It also has excellent x-ray qualities. Applications include pressure vessel, ship building, earth moving machines and general medium - heavy construction.
Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4818-5H5 AWS A5.1 E7018-IH8
F H V OH
AC70v DC +/-
Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 510-580 MPa Yield Value 430-480 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) Min. 30% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -40C Average 150 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.10% Mn 0.80 - 1.20% Si 0.40 - 0.80%
FESC6H Low Hydrogen Electrode for welding mild and medium tensile steel
The FES C6H has a very high deposition rate because of the large amounts of iron powder in the zircon based coating. The efficiency of the electrode is 195%, and the weld appearance is very smooth with good tie in and very good slag removal. This rod also has excellent mechanical and x-ray qualities. Applications include rapidly filling bevelled butt joints in thick and very thick plates, and for making positioned fillet welds as well.
Approvals: LRS, ABS Classifications: AS/NZS 1553.1 E4828 H5 AWS A5.1 E7028 H4
4.0
200-230
AC70v DC +
Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 500-550 MPa Yield Value 430-490 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 26-30% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -20C 115-140 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.10% Mn 0.80 - 1.20% Si 0.30 - 0.60%
Welding Products:>
Welding Positions Product Applications & Characteristics
This is a copper coated solid mig wire with excellent mechanical properties. CO2, or a mixture of CO2 and Argon is used as the shielding gas for the wire. During welding, good looking weld, low spatter, and relatively high toughness of the weld can be obtained at low temperature. Applications include fabrication of non alloyed and carbon steels in the general engineering industries. It has good x-ray quality and excellent coating appearance.
Approvals: ABS/CCS Classifications: AWS ER 705-6
Current Condition
Diameter (mm)
Specifications
DC
Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 500 MPa Yield Value 420 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 22-27% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at 0C 47-78 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.15% Mn 1.40 - 1.85% Si 0.80 - 1.15%
Flux Cored Mig Wire for welding mild and medium tensile steel
This wire is a metal coated flux cored mig wire that uses C02 as the gas which along with the flux provides a dual shield. Designed for welding metal constructions in a single or multi-pass technique, it has excellent welding properties in all positions and with high current gives a very good deposition rate. Can be used in ship building and general construction industries and is very good with the welding of medium tensile plates.
Approvals: ABS/BV/DNV/GL/LRS Classifications: AWS A5.20:E71T-1
1.2 1.6
230 280
DC
Physical Properties of Weld Metal Tensile strength 500 MPa Yield Value 420 MPa Elongation (1 = 5d) 24% Impact Value Charpy V-Notch at -29C 27 J Typical Chemical Analysis C 0.06 - 0.13% Mn 1.30 - 1.60% Si 0.70 - 1.00%
Consumables:>
Consumables:>
Cutting and Grinding Discs
Product Shortname: DISO, DISC
Fletcher Easysteel stocks the below range of Cutting and Grinding Discs. Hard wearing, durable and low cost, enquire at your Fletcher Easysteel sales centre today. Cut Off Discs OD 115 125 180 230 300 350 400 thickness 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 Grinding Discs OD 100 115 125 180 230 thickness 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 METAL INOX GRINDING DISCS 100x6x16 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C 115x6.5x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C 125x6.5x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C 178x7x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C 230x7x22 INOX A24-30-36Q D/C centre 16mm 22.23mm 22.23mm 22.23mm 22.23mm centre 22.23mm 22.23mm 22.23mm 22.23mm 25.4mm 25.4mm 25.4mm GENERAL PURPOSE 100X2.5X16 A30-36R C/O 115X2.5X22 A30-36R C/O 125X2.5X22 A30-36R C/O 178X2.5X22 A30-36T C/O 230X2.5X22 A30-36R C/O 300X4X25.4 A24S STAT C/O 400X4.5X25.4 A24S STAT C/O INOX CUTTING 100x2.5x16 A30-36Q INOX C/O 115x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O 125x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O 178x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O 230x2.5x22 A30-36Q INOX C/O 300x4x25.4 A30-36R INOX C/O 350x4x25.4 A30-36R INOX C/O GA3101 GA3102 GA3104 GA3105 STANDARD METAL GRINDING DISCS 115X6.5X22 A24-30-36R D/C 125X6.5X22 A24-30-36R D/C 178X7X22 A24-30-36R D/C 230X7X22 A24-30-36R D/C
Consumables:>
Wire Wheels
Spindle Mounted Wire Wheels Wheel (mm) 50 x 6 75 x 6 100 x 6 Cup (mm) 50 x 6 75 x 6
Wire Brushes
Wire Cup Brushes Crimped 75 x M10 x 1.5 75 x M10 x 1.25 75 x M14 x 2.0 100 x M14 x 2.0 125 x M14 x 2.0 Wire Brush Wheels Crimped 75 x 16 x 13 150 x 25 x 25 200 x 25 x 25 250 x 30 x 25 300 x 30 x 25 Twist Knot Wire Brushes 100 x M10 x 1.5 100 x M14 x 2 115 x M14 x 2 125 x M14 x 2 T/Knot 15 x 22 T/Knot 75 x M10 x 1.5 75 x M10 x 1.25 75 x M14 x 2.0 100 x M14 x 2.0 125 x M14 x 2.0
Consumables:>
Cutting and Grinding Discs
Fletcher Easysteel is able to source the following consumables. Please contact your local Fletcher Easysteel Sales Centre for availability. STRAIGHT METAL CUTTING 102x2.5x16 115x2.5x22 127x2.5x22 178x2.5x22 230x2.5x22 300x3.0x25.4 350x3.0x25.4 400x3.0x25.4 SAFECUT D/C INOX THINS 115x1.3x22 INOX D/C 125x1.3x22 INOX D/C 180x2x22 INOX D/C 230x2x22 INOX D/C THIN MEGA INOX 50x1.3x8 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 75x1.3x9.5 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 100x1.3x16 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 100x1.6x16 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 115x1x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 115x1.3x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 115x1.6x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 125x1x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 125x1.3x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 125x1.6x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 180x2x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z 230x2x22 A60SX INOX C/O S/Z
Fletcher Easysteel Page 78
LOW SPEED METAL CUTTING 300X2.5X25.4 A30-36S CHOPCUT 350X3X25.4 A30-36S CHOPCUT 400X3.2X25.4 A30-36S CHOPCUT HIGH SPEED METAL CUTTING 300X4X20 A30-36S ALLCUT 300X4X25.4 A30-36S ALLCUT 350X4X20 A30-36S ALLCUT 350X4X25.4 A30-36S ALLCUT MASONRY CUTTING 300X4X20 C24-30-36S ALLCUT 300X4X22 C24-30-36S ALLCUT 300X4X25.4 C24-30-36S ALLCUT 350X4X20 C24-30-36S ALLCUT 350X4X25.4 C24-30-36S ALLCUT 400X4.5X25.4 C30-36S STAT C/O DEPRESSED CENTRE METAL GRINDING 100x6x16 115x6x22 125x6x22 178x6x22 230x6x22
Consumables:>
FLAP DISCS 100 x 16 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z40 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z60 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z80 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z100 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z120 FLAP DISCS 115 x 22 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z40 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z60 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z80 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z100 FLAP DISC 100X16 F/G CON Z120 FLAP DISCS 125 x 22 FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z40 FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z60 FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z80 FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z100 FLAP DISC 125x22 F/G CON Z120 ALUMINIUM GRINDING DISCS 100x6.5x16 ALUMINIUM D/C 115x6.5x22 ALUMINIUM D/C 125x6.5x22 ALUMINIUM D/C 178x7x22 ALUMINIUM D/C 230x7x22 ALUMINIUM D/C ALUMINIUM CUTTING DISCS 100x3.2x16 ALUMINIUM D/C/O 115x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O 125x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O 178x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O 230x3.2x22 ALUMINIUM D/C/O INOX THIN CUTTING FOR STAINLESS 100x1.2x16 100x1.6x16 115x1.2x22 115x1.2x22 125x1.2x22 125x1.6x22 180x2.0x22 230x2.0x22
Consumables:>
Sanding Sheets
Waterproof Sheets 230 x 280mm Grit (G) Grit (G) 80 400 100 600 120 800 150 1000 180 1200 220 1500 240 2000 280 320
Fibre Discs
Disc Size (mm) 100 x 16 115 x 22 127 x 22 178 x 22 Grit (G) 16 24 36 50 60 80 100 120
Engineers Rolls
Engineers Rolls 38mm x 50m Grit (G) 40 60 80 100 120 150 180 240 320
Wire Brushes
Code GM 5000 GM 5020 GM 5010 Description 4 Row Carbon Wire - Plastic Handle 4 Row Carbon Wire - Wood Handle 4 Row Stainless Steel Wire - Plastic Handle
Service Centres:>
Service Centres:>
Service Centres
Company Organisation: Sales Centre Distribution Centre Coil Processing Plate Processing Guillotining
Northern Region
Whangarei Auckland
Auckland
Auckland
Auckland
Auckland
Central Region
Hamilton Tauranga Rotorua New Plymouth Hawkes Bay Palmerston North Wellington Nelson Christchurch Dunedin Invercargill
Auckland
Auckland
Auckland
Auckland Wellington
Southern Region
Christchurch
Christchurch
Christchurch
Christchurch
Service Centres:>
Plate Processing
Fletcher Easysteels Easycut Profiling operations provide the largest and most efficient plate cutting facilities in New Zealand. Whether your requirements are for mild steel, boiler quality or high strength plate we can cut plate to meet your requirements. A list of services are offered below: Numerically controlled profile cutting machines and guillotines in Auckland and Christchurch give customers a fast and accurate cutting service. The Dycon 300 tonne numerically controlled press brake at our Auckland facility has a computer controlled automatic backstop and can press up to nine different folds per plate, all with repetitive folds. The Mynuc 5000 CNC profile cutting machine has a 24 metre long bed and six oxy fuel cutting heads with an effective cutting width of 4 metres. The 200 amp high speed Kinetic plasma cutters in Auckland and Christchurch can cut plate up to 20mm thick. Our Punch and Shear machine can cut a range of sections and punch holes up to 40mm diameter in material up to 20mm thick. An integral part of the plate processing is the latest in software in our CAD department to quickly and efficiently nest your designs and shapes at minimal cost and waste. Drawings can be accepted on disc or via e-mail in DXF Format. All drawings are held in memory allowing repeat
Wellington
Guillotining 3.6m 3.0mm 12mm Thick
Christchurch
Plasma Cutting Gas Cutting 12m 6m 3mm 20mm Thick 10mm 260mm Thick
Service Centres:>
Metal Processing
Sheet and Coil Processing:
In order to cater for specialist requirements of the New Zealand manufacturing industry and expand services available, Fletcher Steel offers a Service Centre operation with some of the latest metal processing technology and equipment available in New Zealand. With Coil processing equipment in Auckland and Christchurch the facilities are available to slit, sheet, blank and guillotine, both ferrous and non-ferrous metals to exacting standards.
Machine Capabilities:
Auckland Slitting Maximum Width Minimum Width Thickness Range Sheeting & Blanking Maximum Width Minimum Width Thickness Range 1828mm 51mm 0.5 - 3.2mm M.S. 0.5 - 2.0mm S.S. 0.5 - 3.2mm A.L. Guillotines Minimum Width Maximum Length Thickness Range 28mm 2400mm 0.4 - 3.2mm 1250mm 200mm 0.4 - 1.6mm M.S. 1525mm 16mm 0.35 - 3.5mm STD 1350mm 25mm 0.4 - 2.3mm Christchurch
Appendix:>
Appendix:>
Size Tolerances (to ASTM A29)
Size Tolerances: for Cold-Finished Alloy Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished
Tolerances from Specified Size, Under Only, mm
Size - Metric (mm) Maximum of Carbon Range 0.28 or Less BCQ Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.28 to 0.55 incl. 4140 Maximum of Carbon Range to 0.55% incl. Stress Relief or Annealed After Cold Finishing Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.55% or All Grades Quenched and Tempered or Normalized Before Cold Finishing
Appendix:>
Size Tolerances (to ASTM A29)
Size Tolerances: for Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished
Tolerances from Specified Size, Under Only, mm
Size - Metric (mm) Maximum of Carbon Range 0.28 or Less BCQ/BFC Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.28 to 0.55 incl. 1040 Maximum of Carbon Range to 0.55% incl. Stress Relief or Annealed After Cold Finishing Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.55% or All Grades Quenched and Tempered or Normalized Before Cold Finishing
Appendix:>
Size Tolerances (to ASTM A29)
Size Tolerances: for Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and Polished
Tolerances from Specified Size, Under Only, mm
Size - Metric (mm) Maximum of Carbon Range 0.28 or Less BCQ/BFC Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.28 to 0.55 incl. 1040 Maximum of Carbon Range to 0.55% incl. Stress Relief or Annealed After Cold Finishing Maximum of Carbon Range Over 0.55% or All Grades Quenched and Tempered or Normalized Before Cold Finishing
Appendix:>
Straightness Tolerances (to ASTM A29)
Straightness Tolerance for Cold-Finished Bars, A,B
NOTE: All grades quenched and tempered or normalised and tempered to Brinell 302 maximum before cold finishing and all grades stress relieved or annealed after cold finishing. Straightness tolerances are not applicable to bars having Brinell hardness exceeding 302. Straightness Tolerances, mm (Maximum Deviation) from Straightness in any 3000mm Portion of the Bar Size - Metric (mm) Length (mm) Maximum of Carbon Range, 0.28% or less Rounds Squares, Hexagon & Octagons
5 8 3 5
Maximum of Carbon Range over 0.28% and all Grades Thermally Treated Rounds Squares, Hexagon & Octagons
6 10 5 5
Less than 4500 4500 and over Less than 4500 4500 and over
3 3 2 3
5 8 3 5
A) The tolerances above are based on the following method of measuring straightness; departure from straightness is measured by placing the bar on a level table so that the arc or departure from straightness is horizontal and the depth of the arc is measured with a feeler gauge and a straightedge. B) It should be recognised that straightness is a perishable quality and may be altered by mishandling. The preservation of straightness in cold-finished bars required the utmost care in subsequent handling. Specific straightness tolerances are sometimes required for carbon and alloy steels in which case the purchaser should inform the manufacturer of the straightness tolerances and the methods to be used in checking the straightness. C) For centreless ground bars, the maximum deviation straightness shall be less than 0.30mm over 1 metre.
6mm in any 1500mm or (length in mm/250)** 3mm in any 1500mm or (length in mm/500)**
* Because of warpage, straightness tolerances do not apply to bards if any subsequent heating operation or controlled cooling has been
**
Appendix:>
ISO Tolerances
Basic Size Metric (mm) Up to & ncl. Limits, m (microns) h6 h7 h8 h9 (mm/1000) h10 h11 h12
Lower
Lower
Lower
Lower
Lower
Lower
3 (3) (6) (10 ) (18 ) (30 ) (50 ) (80 ) (120 ) (180 ) (250 ) 6 10 18 30 50 80 120 180 250 315
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-10 -12 -15 -18 -21 -25 -30 -35 -40 -46 -52
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-14 -18 -22 -27 -33 -39 -46 -54 -63 -72 -81
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-25 -30 -36 -43 -52 -62 -74 -87 -100 -115 -130
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-40 -48 -58 -70 -84 -100 -120 -140 -160 -185 -210
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-60 -75 -90 -110 -130 -160 -190 -220 -250 -290 -320
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-100 -120 -150 -180 -210 -250 -300 -350 -400 -460 -520
Limits, microinches h6 h7 h8 h9
Lower
Lower
Lower
Lower
Lower
Lower
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lower
Above
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Lower
Above
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Upper
Appendix:>
Machining Allowances
In order to eliminate safely the scale originated during forging, rolling and annealing, the decarburisation and sometimes fine cracks, sufficient machining allowances must be adhered to when manufacturing. Basic sizes and pertinent largest finished sizes for rolled or forged round, square, hexagonal and octagonal bars.
*As thickness and diameter is valid in case of round bars, whereas for square hexagonal and octagonal bars it is the distance of the parallel side faces.
Premachined Steels
Premachined steels offer the user smooth surface of the bars with machining allowances already strongly narrowed down. The advantages of a premachined surface can be seen from the diagram. Dependent on the size, 7 to 10% of the weight can be saved.
Diagram acc. to DIN 17350 part 10 (draft 6/83) saving of weight in % when using tool steels with pre-machined compared to non-machined surface
Diameter allowance in mm
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5
Appendix:>
Useful Tables Weights - Kg/Metre
ROUND BARS:
Metric Size mm Imperial Equivalent Size inch kg/m Metric Size mm Imperial Equivalent Size inch
15/16 0.9449 0.9843 1 1.1024 11/8 1.1811 11/4 1.2598 1.2992 13/8 1.3780 11/2 1.5748 15/8 13/4 1.7717 17/8 1.9685 2 21/8 2.1654 21/4 2.3622 23/8 21/2 2.559
kg/m
Metric Size mm
kg/m
3 3.175 4 4.762 5 6 6.350 7.937 8 9.525 10 11.112 12 12.700 13 14 14.287 15.875 16 17 17.462 19 19.050 20 20.637 22 22.225 6.35 7.94 9.52 11.11 12.70 14.29 15.87
0.1181 1/8 0.1575 3/16 0.1969 0.2362 1/4 5/16 0.3150 3/8 0.3937 7/16 0.4724 1/2 0.5118 0.5512 9/16 5/8 0.6299 0.6693 11/16 0.7480 3/4 0.7874 13/16 0.8661 7/8
1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8
0.056 0.062 0.099 0.140 0.154 0.222 0.247 0.388 0.395 0.559 0.617 0.761 0.888 0.994 1.042 1.208 1.259 1.554 1.578 1.782 1.880 2.226 2.237 2.466 2.626 2.984 3.045 0.274 0.428 0.616 0.840 1.096 1.388 1.712
23.812 24 25 25.400 28 28.575 30 31.750 32 33 34.925 35 38.100 40 41.275 44.450 45 47.625 50 50.800 53.975 55 57.150 60 60.325 63.500 65 19.05 20.64 20.83 22.22 23.37 25.40 26.99
3.496 3.551 3.853 3.978 4.834 5.034 5.549 6.215 6.313 6.714 7.520 7.553 8.950 9.865 10.504 12.181 12.485 13.984 15.413 15.911 17.962 18.650 20.137 22.195 22.436 24.861 26.049 2.466 2.894 2.948 3.358 3.711 4.386 4.946
69.850 70 75 76.200 80 82.55 88.90 90 100 101.60 105 110 114.30 120 127.0 130 140 150 152.40 160 180 200 210 220 230 250
23/4 2.756 2.953 3 3.149 31/4 31/2 3.543 3.937 4 4.134 4.331 41/2 4.724 5 5.118 5.512 5.905 6 6.299 7.086 7.874 8.267 8.661 9.055 9.842
30.081 30.120 34.680 35.799 39.458 42.013 48.726 49.939 61.654 63.642 67.973 74.601 80.547 88.781 99.441 104.19 120.84 138.72 143.19 157.83 199.75 246.61 271.89 298.40 326.14 385.33
HEXAGON BARS:
3/4 13/16
Appendix:>
Approx. Comparison of Tensile Strength*
tons/in2 16 20 23 26 29 30 32 33 35 36 39 40 42 45 46 49 50 52 55 58 60 62 65 68 70 71 75 78 *A Guide Only p.s.i 37,000 45,000 51,500 58,000 65,000 67,000 72,000 74,000 78,500 81,000 87,500 90,000 94,000 101,000 103,000 110,333 112,000 116,500 123,000 130,000 134,500 139,000 146,000 153,000 157,000 159,000 168,000 175,000 kg/mm2 25.8 31.6 36.5 40.8 45.7 47.1 50.6 52.0 55.5 57.0 61.8 63.3 66.0 71.0 72.5 77.3 78.75 82.0 86.5 91.4 94.5 97.7 102.6 107.5 110.4 111.8 118.0 123.0 N/mm2 or MPa 250 309 355 402 448 463 494 510 541 556 602 618 649 695 710 757 772 803 849 896 927 957.5 1004 1050 1081 1097 1158 1205 tons/in2 80 81 84 85 88 90 91 94 95 97 100 104 105 107 110 113 115 117 120 123 125 126 130 133 135 136 140 p.s.i 180,000 182,000 188,000 190,000 197,000 202,000 204,000 210,000 213,000 217,000 224,000 233,000 235,000 240,000 246,500 253,000 257,600 262,000 269,000 275,500 280,000 282,500 291,000 298,000 302,400 304,500 313,600 kg/mm2 126.0 128.0 132.2 133.6 138.5 142.0 143.4 148.4 149.7 152.6 157.5 163.8 165.4 168.5 173.2 178.0 181.1 184.3 189.0 194.0 197.0 198.0 205.0 209.0 213.0 214.0 221.0 N/mm2 or MPa 1236 1251 1297 1313 1359 1390 1405 1452 1467 1498 1544 1606 1622 1653 1699 1745 1776 1807 1853 1900 1931 1946 2000 2054 2085 2010 2162
Metric to Gauge
Gauge Number Birmingham Gauge (mm) Galv. Sheet Gauge (B.M.T.) 9 3.50 3.45 10 3.00 2.95 12 2.50 2.45 14 2.00 1.95 16 1.60 1.55 18 1.20 1.15 20 1.00 0.95 22 0.80 0.75 24 0.60 0.55 26 0.50 0.45 28 0.40 0.35
Appendix:>
Approx. Equivalent Hardness Numbers and Tensile Strength for Brinell Hardness for Steel*
Rockwell Hardness No. C-Scale 150kg Load Brale Penetrator Rockwell Hardness No. C-Scale 150kg Load Brale Penetrator Diamond Pyramid Hardness No. Diamond Pyramid Hardness No. Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball 3000kg Load Brinell Hardness No. 10mm ball 3000kg Load B-Scale 100kg Load 1/16 dia. Ball B-Scale 100kg Load 1/16 dia. Ball Tensile Strength in MPa Tensile Strength in MPa
682 653 627 601 578 555 534 514 495 477 461 444 429 415 401 388 375 363 352 341 331 321 311 302 293 285 277 269 262 *A Guide Only
940 840 780 737 697 667 640 615 591 569 547 528 508 491 472 455 440 424 410 396 383 372 360 349 339 328 319 309 301 292 284 276
(110.0) (109.0) (108.5) (108.0) (107.5) (107.0) (106.0) (105.5) (104.5) (104.0) (103.0)
68.0 65.3 63.3 61.7 60.0 58.7 57.3 56.0 54.7 53.5 52.1 51.0 49.6 48.5 47.1 45.7 44.5 43.1 41.8 40.4 39.1 37.9 36.6 35.5 34.3 33.1 32.1 30.9 29.9 28.8 27.6 26.6
2392 2261 2158 2058 1962 1893 1817 1738 1665 1586 1513 1461 1391 1330 1271 1220 1175 1133 1097 1062 1029 1001 975 949 923 896 873
255 248 241 235 229 223 217 212 207 201 197 192 187 183 179 174 170 167 163 159 156 152 149 146 143 140 137 134 131 128 126
269 261 253 247 241 234 228 222 218 212 207 202 196 192 188 182 178 175 171 167 163 159 156 153 150 146 143 140 137 134 132
(102.0) (101.0) 100.0 99.0 98.2 97.3 96.4 95.5 94.6 93.8 92.9 91.8 90.7 90.0 89.0 87.8 86.8 86.0 85.0 83.8 82.9 81.7 80.8 79.8 78.7 77.6 76.4 75.2 74.0 72.7 72.0
25.4 24.2 22.8 21.7 20.5 (18.8) (17.5) (16.0) (15.2) (13.8) (12.7) (11.5) (10.0) (9.0) (8.0) (6.4) (5.4) (4.4) (3.3) (2.1) (0.9) -
849 826 803 783 764 742 722 706 691 672 658 642 625 612 599 583 570 560 546 535 526 514 504 495 485 475 464 455 446 437 431
Appendix:>
Conversion Factors:
To calculate the weight of steel bars:
ROUND ROUND HEXAGON HEXAGON SQUARE SQUARE FLAT FLAT TOOL STEEL TOOLING PLATE (Aluminium) - dia. mm2 x 0.006165 - dia. mm x 0.004143
2
= Weight in kilograms per metre = Weight in lbs per foot = Weight in kilograms per metre = Weight in lbs per foot = Weight in kilograms per metre = Weight in lbs per foot = Weight in kilograms per metre = Weight in lbs. per foot = Weight in kilograms per metre = Weight in kilograms per metre
- Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.00785 - Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.00527 - Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.00785 - Width in mm x Thickness in mm x 0.0027
General:
lbs. per foot x 1.4880 kilograms per metre x 0.6720 Feet x 0.3048 Metres x 3.2809 U.K. tons per sq. inch (tons f/in.2) x 15.4443 Mega Pascals (MPa) x 0.064749 Newton per sq. millimeter (N/mm2) x 0.064749 Mega Pascals (MPa) x 145.0377 = kilograms per metre = lbs. per foot = metres = feet = Mega Pascals (MPa) = u.k. tons f per square inch = U.K. tons f per square inch. = pounds per square inch (psi)
Units of Stress:
This book has used the megapascal (MPa) as the standard unit of stress. The same values may be seen in other publications as Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm2). To obtain other units of stress the following conversion factors may be used to get approximate values.
From
MPa MPa MPa
To
kg/mm psi Tons/in2
2
Multiply by
0.102 145 0.065
From
kg/mm psi Tons/in2
2
To
MPa MPa MPa
Multiply by
9.8 0.0069 15.4
Services:>
Indent
Indent Sourcing
For the products and quantities outside our stocking policy, Fletcher Easysteel has many years of experience in sourcing a comprehensive range of steel and related products for our customers for the products and quantities outside our stocked range. The resulting well established channels, relationships with suppliers, and collective purchasing leverage means Fletcher Easysteel is well positioned to cater for your indent requirements.
Further, our ability to co-ordinate indent orders in a centralised operation ensures excellent service at all times. In addition to our normal ex-stock range which can also be sourced through indent, Fletcher Easysteel has indent channels for an extensive range of products which include the following: Steel Sheet Piling 7 Wire Strand and Wire Steel Rails Spring Steels Boiler Tubes Head Plates (Dished Ends) Tool Steels Forgings Titanium Hollow Bar Inconel - Nickel Alloys Elmedur - Copper Alloys Flat Rolled Steel Products: Tin Plate and Tin Free Steel Terne Sheet Electrical Steels Electrogalv Steel Hot Dip Galvanised Steel Galfan Zincalume Cold Rolled Sheet and Coil (all grades) Prepainted Sheet and Coil Enamelling Sheet and Coil Aluminised Sheet and Coil High Carbon Steel and Coil Please contact your local Easysteel Sales Centre with your enquiry.
Hamilton
Ellis Street, P.O.Box 828, Hamilton. Ph: 07 846 2700 Fax: 07 846 2708
Hawkes Bay
Cnr Omahu and Wilson Road, Private Bag 6005, Hastings. Ph: 06 873 9036 Fax: 06 879 6880
Tauranga
99 Aviation Ave, Mt. Maunganui P.O.Box 450, Tauranga Ph: 07 572 9700 Fax: 07 572 9707
Christchurch Nelson
Lunns Road, Middleton, P.O.Box 8372, Riccarton, Christchurch. Ph: 03 348 8479 Fax: 03 343 0320 42 Beach Road, Richmond, Nelson. Ph: 03 543 8215 Fax: 0800 432 793
Wellington
Burnham Street Private Bag, Petone. Ph: 04 570 8472 Fax: 04 570 8473
Dunedin
Cnr Otaki and Orari Street, P.O.Box 34, Dunedin. Ph: 0800 327 978 Fax: 0800 432 793
New Plymouth
Corbett Road, Bell Block, Private Bag 2003, New Plymouth. Ph: 06 755 9039 Fax: 06 755 2099
Whangarei
33 Rewarewa Road, P.O.Box 292, Whangarei. Ph: 09 470 2510 Fax: 09 438 4589
Palmerston North
120 Kaimanawa Street, Kelvin Grove, Private Bag 11017, Palmerston North. Ph: 06 354 2622 Fax: 06 354 2623
As part of Fletcher Easysteels policy of continued product improvement, the company reserves the right, at any time, at their discretion and without notice to discontinue or change the features, designs, materials, colours and other specifications of their product and to either permanently or temporarily withdraw any such products from the market without incurring any liability. This publication is issued as a general guide only and should not be treated as a substitute for detailed technical advice in relation to individual circumstances. Fletcher Easysteel disclaim any liability for loss or damage suffered from the use of such data. To the best of our knowledge, all information is correct at the time of printing. A division of Fletcher Building Ltd. Copyright December 2008.