OPEN EDUCATION RESOURCES

Name of OER Developer : Pankaj Shirke Email: pankajshirke@vigyanashram.com Course: Water Audit Subject: Water Audit of a village Topics: Water Audit,Measuring rainfall,Measuring water running through Canals,Streams Sr No 1 Sections Concepts Description Introduction,Water Requirements Distribution of water Use of water for various purposes Context and meaning - Calculating Water requirements for varoius purposes - Preparing a water budget - Preparing a water audit - Water flow measuring - Tools like rain guage to measure rainfall Processes and Procedures Experiments Theories Applications Relationships Creative activities 2 Activities Learning activities Ilustrated Assignments Projects like - Measuring Rainfall - Measuring flow of canal,river/stream - Preparing Water Audit Assesment of the practical done Questions on topics in water audit Fact Findings post assignment

Evaluation

Selection of concept for OER Development

Levels in OER Development
Level 1 2 3 Target Audience For Learner For Trainer Evaluator Objective Self learning Facilitation of training Assesment/Evaluation of training

Concept Map for the OER

Introduction This OER document focusses on preparing water audit i.e total water requirements of an household or an community or an village Water Resources on our earth are gradually decreasing on our planet.Total amount of freshwater available on earth surface is limited to hardly 2 percent. This document focusses on conservation of water resources and hence deals with preparing water audit of an village where people will get to know about how to measure available water resources,exact quantity of water and how to use it especially in the dry summer season .This document has concepts explained with practical assignments

Outline of the concept Concept of water audit Study of various equipments used like rain guage, for measuring rainfall Measuring flow of water from sources like canal,river/stream Practical :- To prepare water audit of an village Practical:- To measure rainfall in village Practical:- To measure flow of water source like stream/river, canal Objectives The learner will be able to gain knowledge about preparing water audit and budget of local village The learner will be able to use tools and techniques given below - Use of Rain guage for measuring rainfall - The water flow measurement techniques - Techniques for preparing water audit and water budget for village The learner will be able to explain importance about water conservation The learner will be able to measure water requirements of village

Software tools used MS Powerpoint,MS Word ,Adobe Acrobat Reader , Media Player

Instructor Instructions Please read the powerpoint slides and pdf/word embedded in this document

Scenario

Vijay and Sanjay has done water harvesting along with support of villagers in Kanhur village and now water scarcity problem is solved to some extent.The condition of village is better than earlier.Now there is no water problem till month of march. But from month of march, they start facing water scarcity problems and Vijay again suggests one more solution Vijay sees that villagers are wasting water when it is available in ample quantity hence he decides to find out how much water is needed by each person of village. Now in 2 years, from 250 houses earlier,kanhur now has 300 houses and around population of 1570 people. So Vijay will calculate amount of water which is harvested and available from wells and bore wells and how much water is consumed by each and every person in village so that they can plan whether there is need to do more amount of water harvesting. This is called as water audit of a village where every household will have to declare how much water they utilize for daily activities and this consumption of water will be compared with standard needs so that it will be useful for further planning and conservation of water resources.

Measuring rainfall
This section introduces the technique of rainfall measurement by use of rain guage Aim of this section is that the learner will be able to understand usage of rain guage which is useful to calculate rainfall of the region which in turn is helpful in deciding the catchment area In this section,we will discuss on Water Conservation by means of Water Audit for a village/community and use of rain guage for calculating rainfall Rain Guage: It is a fabricated simple calibrated device which is used to calculate amount of rainfall

Purpose of Rain Guage is to measure the amount of rainfall.It has a collecting surface which is placed at some height above ground. Following is the Powerpoint presentation regarding Rain Guage Please click here to view the presentation on rain guage

By this technique, the learner can measure rainfall quantity

Questions 1) Calculate rainfall for the day where a collector has 1 liter volume of rain and collector area is 127 mm. 2) What are types of rain guages 3) Rainfall figures for a region during last 5 years in mm are 650, 656, 475, 521, 601 a) Calculate Average rainfall for last 3 years b) Calculate average rainfall for these 5 years

Tools and techniques used in Water Flow Measurement Measuring water flow plays important part in water conservation because based on flow measurement,we can identify and predict flood conditions and emergency accurately and we can also predict how much water volume can reach its final destination through canals. The following presentation describes about how to measure flow of water
Please click here to view this presentation on measuring water flow

Thus with end of this session,the learner can use various tools for measuring water flow from a water source

Self asessment Questions1) Calculate Discharge rate for a rectangular water channel having area of 10 meters and surface velocity factor of 0.80 2) Surface Velocity Factor is 0.80 and discharge rate is 6.4 cubic meters per second, breadth of rectangular channel is 2 meters Calculate the length of water channel.

Preparing water audit of a village/community With growing population and changing monsoon conditions,it is been observed that there are severe drought conditions in major part of our country.Hopefully in India, rainfall even in drought prone areas, rainfall is better than other countries but only due to wastage of water, we are facing severe scarcity of water. If water is used judicously according to the needs,definitely there is 60 percent savings in water resources thus this is useful for any community or village or any society in urban areas This following presentation is about preparing audit for a village regarding usage of water
Please click here to view presentation on water audit

Additional Task/Activity Please visit NRDWP website by clicking here for more details

By visiting this website, please search for your location for details of water sources searching according to State->District->Taluka->Gram panchayat

Now with end of this OER,The Learner is familiar with techniques like -Watershed -Knowledge of rainfall measurement -Knowledge of using tools like rain guage -Knowledge of water audit, water flow measurement

Self assesment Practical Assignments By Applying this knowledge,The Learner can do following things to expand knowledge base
1) Use of Rain Guage 2) Making water budget of a village 3) Measuring flow of water in a canal/stream

Additional Activities
1) Preparing a water budget for a village/society in urban area 2) Measurement of rain fall by use of rain guage