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PJ 1515 G7 1889
THE INSCRIPTIONS
OF
SItfT
&
COLLECTED BY 'V^
FfLT*GRIFFITH,
OF THE BEITISH MUSEUM, LATB STUDENT OF THE EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND.
500539
u
LONDON
TRUBNER AND
CO.,
1889.
LUDGATE
HILL.
TO
THE TWO
FRIENDS,
ENABLED
WHOSE GENEROSITY
TO ENJOY
ME
THE
PRIVILEGES
OF
STUDENT
OP
THE
EGYPT
EXPLORATION
I
FUND,
DEDICATE
THIS
VOLUME OF INSCRIPTIONS.
that, in
the
name
destruction,
on unwatched
if a small
copies
excavations from which the limestone sculptures have gone straight to the kiln or the village stone-mason
portion of
this
had been
and exhaustive
of
ground and
in danger, the most important part of all the evidence of her past that
intact, instead
Egypt has
handed down
If
the
to
monuments of Egypt,
of
had weathered
many
an injury, and that should have delighted mankind for so many ages
is
come.
Each year a
vast
amount of damage
is still
much
The resources of
and
there are
perhaps signs
Meanwhile
my
INTRODUCTION.
Considering their accessibility and importance, the tomb inscriptions of Siut have been strangely
neglected, and I have every reason to believe that the present publication will supply a
much
;
felt
want.
My
and completeness
secondly,
my own
copy;
thirdly, to
add to
it
entailed
realised
hope
will
none
my
drawings.
The
gave
discovery of a mass of fresh material since the Plates were drawn, and consequent delays which
further opportunities for revision, have resulted in burdening the texts with
me
convenient.
But
until a fresh
my
own
may
still
and
this little
friends to
whom
to
owe
so
Let
me however
I
my
to a connoisseur of art
and encouragement
many
enterprises
whom
am bound by
must
:
also
me
in matters
namely
in England, the
Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund, and especially Miss Amelia B. Edwards,
;
also Mr.
d'
Le Page Renouf,
W. J. Loftie
draw
Count Riamo
whilst I must
special
tributed directly to the contents of the Plates, but have also subjected those
numbered from
I to
XIX
to
a close revision.
encouragement to me.
SIUT.
In two
visits,
-without ladders,
native ladders,
December 31, 1886 January 1, 1887, and May 21-29, 1887, with clumsy I copied and revised the inscriptions
Siut,
me
to
closely examine the lofty walls, and catch the merest shadows of signs by holding a candle at every pos-
[t is clear that the II at the latter place, Siut hill was once rich in memorials of the Middle
and
For the sake of clearness, all the effaced were in red ink amongst the black ink inserted signs of my fair copy. One more such revision after a
sible angle.
Kingdom, but
five
tombs, the same that have long been Two of these, I and to Egyptian travellers.
be attributed to the Xllth dynasty, the other three to the IXth or Xth. In England I added to these copies
all
thorough study of the texts should complete the recovery of the inscriptions. Unfortunately my hieroglyphic vocabulary was then exceedingly limited, and even such a common word as was a total
stranger to
me
had therefore
to
Mariette,
entirely on eyesight
with
Description 1'Egypte moreover, Mr. Renouf lent me some good copies that I also obtained permission from the lie had made.
numerous
their variations or suggestions, besides taking " de notes from the "
ever are in general fully confirmed. Since my return from Egypt I have collected s^mo
new
lost
material. In Paris indeed (where I unhappily a note-book containing two inscriptions) the MSS. of Nestor de 1'Hote furnished scarcely any
Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund to be absent for a fortnight from the excavations of the
following season. In 1888, from the 16th January to the 5th February,
was engaged at Siut, and having already much exceeded the time agreed upon, was quite unable to
I
proceed to Rifeh.
The Committee of the Exploration Fund was however well satisfied with what had been
Berlin, however, ProErman, most kindly forwarded for my use his collation of the MS. copies of Brugsch and Diimichen, supplying several signs and groups that have become Above all, in London, last illegible on the original. October, after the Plates had been drawn, I had the good fortune to find some copies by Aruudale (1834?) in the Hay MSS. of the British Museum. Made evi-
From
done, and furthermore, contrary to my expectation, paid all the expenses of travelling and stay at Siut.
dently with the help of a good ladder, they might long ago have solved many difficulties. Lastly, since
When
preparing
my note-books in
England, in the
commencing to work
inscriptions, I
case of important assigned four vertical or horizontal lines to each line of the original, and so
inscriptions I
for annotation.
dance of false readings and other circumstances made it necessary, after the first collation with the original, to make a fair copy, into which were introduced many improvements resulting from subsequent collaI was anxious to obtain the original reading tions. of obscure and mutilated passages, which unfortunately abound, and this was only to be done by long-continued and repeated examination of the Some long and handy parallel texts in the tombs.
seriously on the philology of the have found many passages quoted in but very few of these are Brugsch's dictionary accurate, though Herr Brugsch's copy is, I think, the most careful of any that I have yet seen, except perhaps Arundale's, which still abounds in little faults. The truth is that high ladders, with an infinite expenditure of time, trouble, and patience, and candles in corresponding quantity, are necessary
:
for
For
transcripts in such places. Siut are drawn from the fair copy. revision of 1 XIX I was exceedingly
great scholars appear upon the Plates, while the queries of Professor Erman have besides unearthed several faults that I had committed in recopyiug, and that I was able quietly to correct
in the notes
Erman.
Many
South wall,
PI. I
and
II,
above him
68Z>,
MSS.
genuineness of the text. Where I found clear corroboration of a queried sign in Arundale's copies, or a proof of some kind in my
without
impairing
the
Brugsch and Diimichen in front, table of (1) (2) names of offerings in offerings, 1. 65 two rows, 1. 26-64 (3) priests performing
: :
services,
offerings,
(5) family
1.
6(5-71
bringing
own, the word sic is inserted on the Plate; where I still feel a doubt the suggestion has been placed
in a note.
I
1.
72-73.
sons,
headed by two
am
lines.
not quite satisfied with the numbering of the To combine logic with convenience is not
I
wall).
North
reversed.
wall, PI. II
and
III,
have simply followed the numbers in my easy, note-book, proceeding in each tomb from the interior
and
to the facade. All signs not in existence in January, 1887, are Where no authority is treated as restorations.
85-133
(1.
80-85
= Mariette,
Mon.
Div.,
68a,
MS. Diimichen).
1.
stated for a restored sign it is conjectural. For the meaning of abbreviations etc., vide Plate XX.
134 (continued
1.
5-12 on
In the following notes I use the word band in the sense of the French registre when describing scenes and in connection superposed on the same wall
;
now
II,
scenes
1-8,
with doorways, the word framing denotes the lintel and jambs (which of course are cut in the solid rock), and thickness of wall is the part in which sculptures are seen to right and left in passing
through the door.
IV, PI. 45. the spaces between the doorway and the side walls. Probably there were five bands, as on the side walls, but perhaps only four : no space over the doorway ?.
destroyed, are from Descr. Ant. In the text they are said to have filled
now
XIlTH
DYNASTY.
is
have assigned the eight scenes in the Description to the north and south according to direction of A portion of scene 4 remains at the top of figures. the wall on the north.
I
elaborate
the scheme
Walls of chamber surrounding shrine and passage formerly with paint on plaster?
TOMB
(See, PI.
I.
III.)
The
floor,
on plaster with basket and scroll-work, cornice painted CDtm and H line of titles (blue) down blue on greenish-black the centre from south to north, defaced.
Ceiling
GREAT HALL.
painted
over a plain band or dado. SHRINE. Sculpture only, no painting. Back (west) wall two bands
(1) upper, (2) a.
1.
West
green
1.
At top
Central doorway, inscriptions incised and painted destroyed except 1. 150-155, which are very
;
1-4,
MS. Diimichen.
much damaged;
1.
1 5 5a insert
South half defaced, probably similar to north, or else statue in the round ?
^i (restored).
b.
North
half,
H. seated m>,
in front 3 female
-,
also (3)
1.
5-12,
Diimi-
South doorway, inscription incised and painted green, framing 1. 160-163 thickness of wall on south, 1. 170-174, copy lost, from MS. Diimichen, corrected by notes and recollection. Top of 1. 173 very doubtful, the rest almost certain. Thickness of wall north,
;
illegible.
below the 6
1.
180-185.
10
East wall, south side of door, PL IV- V, scene painted in colours on plaster, inscription incised and
painted,
1.
having fallen off) is the only example with wig, beard, and divided skirt.
in the
tomb
210-249.
left to
t:
My
copy
Arundale's complete copy shows the wall places. in almost the same state as now. I have improved of the from it h e indicates the unmy copy figure
:
Framing
condition.
1'Hote.
1.
345-359. The upper lines are in bad MSS. Brugsch, Diimichen, Nestor de
broken corner of the wall on the thus there are no lines missing.
the figure explains
left
of the gap.
340.
ENTRANCE PASSAGE.
star pattern
PL XXI.
in
Cornice
223. Not
omitted.
241a.
yiit
I.
Arundale
it
should therefore be
matu-f E.
ab E. but Arundale as text.
Traces of scenes painted on plaster inscription, 1. 370-3 probably others preceded them. Originally each line of same length as those on north side.
side.
;
South
at outer
mh
North side of door, PL VI- VIII, incised and painted green. MSS. Arundale, Brugsch and Diimichen (MS. Mariette partly collated by Prof. Maspero without
result).
test, I
North side. Incised inscription. 1. 380-418, PL IX-X, on a palimpsest wall much altered and corrected by the mason, and damaged by incrustato find other tions, etc. versions I did not Hoping
;
After subjecting the copy to every possible have detected two errors, 1. '209a and 324a.
Perhaps also 1. 295 sic ? .Q, B? where the sign seems to have been imperfect. Some parts of the text are indistinct, very especially at the base, and a portion
is
it being the most difficult of all to M. copy. Maspero quotes parallel pyramid texts, 1. 388-404 = Unas 269-294 (Rec. de trav., Ill, p. 214 and 148-166 ff.), Horhotep, (Mem. Miss. Arch. Franc. Caire, II, p. 144 ff.).
revise minutely,
palimpsest.
TOMB
II.
262-4
270a.
v.
PL
XXL
is
The
restoration
almost certain.
(copy).
Single chamber, formerly with pillars and sculptured entrance, now destroyed. PL X and XX.
0=0
West
wall,
inscriptions
On
lintel
1.
two real doorways with traces of (but no excavated passage beyond). of southern doorway inscription painted
green,
1-2.
1.
325. In
my own
1.
copy only: the restoration was 313, and confirmed by the faint traces
12a,
Mariette, etc.
north,!. 11-18
Rouge,
13.
ENTRANCE.
330-336.
My
copy
Copy
in
with that in
destroyed. Arundale has two copies, (1) fol. 18 without ladder, (2) fol. 68 evidently with ladder, and excellent; the inscription is thus complete except ex-
Framing, 19-22, PL X and XX, from de 1'Hote, Arundale; photograph Petrie. in the photograph are dotted, but all
obscure
and
uncertain.
Hieroglyphs
crowded.
treme base of 1. 330-1. The copy seems to be exact The excepting two or three very slight errors.
figure of
II.
I.
23, visible
on
(alterations seen
owing
to the plaster
11
HERACLEOPOLITE.
Tombs
III,
(Dyn. IX-X.)
TOMB
IV.
IV, V from south to north on one Large single terrace, divided only by party walls. chambers, divided transversely by pillars and architrave.
On
South
large shields, in
TOMB
III.
and
left, except on north wall, of painted plaster, and traces architrave viz., west of
No
traces of decoration
painted blue, 1. 1-40, PI. XIII and for the destroyed portion, Description
XX
authorities
and Arundale.
East of
1.
pillars,
1.
1,
In Description, by confusion of 1. 3 with 1. 22, the former has been repeated, and the first two lines
misplaced.
L.
is
almost certain.
a
cornice,
(it
2-40 one inscription in two sections, of which 1. 2-15 were incised and were not painted blue, but 1. 16-40 being offensive half incised, half remained latter These completed. sketched, and plaster was laid over them. On the of Tefaba, and behind plaster was painted a figure him a new inscription, 1. 41-5(5. This plaster fell off
of
41-44,
beneath
is
from
41-56 for
1.
16-40),
1.
Description, but
provenance
quite uncertain.
(PI.
XIV, 1. 45-87), the latter identified by name in 1. 76, and the former, 1. 45-60, corresponds in size, etc., to the framing, and is associated with it in tho
Description.
from the upper part in ancient times, and the wall was again covered with whitewash by Copts?. I cleaned the earlier inscription with great care.
16-40; the signs in the upper portions are incised, but roughly and not finished some have not yet been
is
1.
;
TOMB
Back
incised
V.
There
since
my
visit in 1887.
in the sketching.
in the inner half (i.e., behind destroyed fragment of long inscription incised, less than half of the height remains. There 1. 25-40 were at least 24 lines.
cf.
Champollion,
Thickness
Description.
of wall at
entrance,
is
**"~==
1.
= L.D.,
41-48,
PI. 130.
The name
(1(1
and there n
12b, G. 1887
in R.
is
from no
and framing of
other
tomb
to
entrance,
1.
57-71.
1'Egypte," identified
Add
146,
15a, so M.
\,
DER R1FEH.
In the western cliffs about nine miles south of Siiit and seven miles from Shotb. The principal tombs are on one terrace, the northern tombs are occupied
1.
7-20, incised
and
much damaged.
Nefer Khnum, and false
by the Copts.
have had to depend entirely on my copies of 1887. Tombs I and VII were copied with special but the former was very difficult (a portion care, of Tomb VII checked with a photograph taken by Count Eiamo d' Hulst).
I
TOMB
(New Kingdom).
TOMB
(Middle Kingdom).
Entrance-framing
wall,
north
Great hall, west side, south of the door, scene with cartouches of Rameses III A. An inscription of many short lines, painted black, terminates with B. In a lower band gods with C. Over the entrance D The 'tomb was probably painted is the bark of Ra.
throughout.
12
TOMB
III
defaced. Occupied by Copts. Incised inscriptions in the thickness of the wall very
The
Coptic tablet in
PL XVIII
is
inside.
fragmentary.
Cornice-lintel.
PL XVIII.
Framing of entrance inscribed lintel illegible jamb mostly hidden by brick walls north jamb destroyed. Interior partly explored, no in;
;
lofty,
inscriptions in-
Framing of entrance
1.
south
22-29;
north
scriptions. L
side,
1.
30-47;
north
side,
48^65.
Entrance
The framing
sides.
of an inner
entrance,
walls, has a
66-71 at the
The
way
Coptic marble slab in PL XVII is over a doorin the village leading to the church.
TOMB
1.
V (New
Kingdom).
In western
Quarries,
DER DRONKEH.
cliffs two miles north from Der and Coptic epitaphs. PL XIX.
Rifeh.
ERRATA.
PL VI,
1.
266.
The
letter
b should be attached
to
PL XI,
1.
17
a.
E.
p refers
b
but?
(l^?)282, top.
L 22.
Read
Omit
|-r^.
PL VI,
omitted.
1.
~~^
4.
PL XII,
in title.
1.
47.
PL X, Tomb
II,
,.
1.
1.
Read
(without *__).
in note.
1.
1.
PL
XI,
1.
1.
For
read
"^ ^.
PL
XIII,
27. 28,
1.
12.
fl\.
For 64 read 63. Omit the letters a, b, c. near the top. Omit the
letter b.
PL XIV,
PL XV.
1.
75
a.
f? x
I
1.
14.
read
and
For 28a read 26a. 39a 37a. PL XX (Plate 13). For 28a read 28b. PL XXI (Plate VIII). 304a is in PI. VI I.
(Plate IX).
the note.
354a.
Omit
the laxt
part of
For
XX-XXf.
Bibliography,
etc., will
appear in the Babylonian and Oriental Record, May, 1889, and following numbers.
61.
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