Alloy Digest

Copyright ASM International 2002

AISI TYPE 410

* Copyright 19X5. Alloy ISSN:WMl4X Digest.

DATA ON WORLD WIDE METALS AND ALLOYS

Inc. All righls rcservcd.

Filing Code: SS-73 Stainless Steel Revised OCTOBER 1985 APRIL 1958
Published by

Alloy Digest, Inc. 27 Canfield Street

Orange. New Jersey 07050

(201) 761-1090

AISI TYPE 410

(Corrosion
AlSl TYPE 410 is a hardenable 12yo chromium stainless to corrosion and oxidation. It can be hardened readily mechanical blades and other cutting tools for numerous for general updating.

and Heat-Resistant

Steel)

steel. It offers a wide range of mechanical propertiesand has good resistance are knives, by austenitizing and air cooling. Among its many applications corrosive environments. It is being revised to correct errors in Table 7 and

Composition:
Typical Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Iron Analysis 0. IS max. 1.00 max. 0.04 max. 0.03 max. I .OO max. Il.50-13.50 Remainder

Physical
Density, Specific Melting Specific Thermal

Constants:
0.276 7.65 2723 0.1 I 5.5 x IO-) 6.2 x IO-6 6.6 x IO-6 173 199 See Table I 29 x I06 900

Ib,cu in. gravity point. OF heat, Btu /lb/ F coef. expansion I o F (68-2 12 F) (68-932 F) (68-1450F) Thermal conductivity. Btu,ft?jin.ihr/F (At 212OF) (At 932F) Electrical resistivity Modulus of elasticity, psi Magnetic permeability (max) (Annealed)

PROPERTIES Table 1 ROOM-TEMPERATURE AND HARDNESS DATA (Annealed condition) TENSILE

Table

Tensile strength. psi Yield strength (0.2%, offset), psi Elongation (2 in.), o/o Reduction of area, To Brinell hardness Rockwell B hardness Note: The fatigue strength is approximately tensile strength.

60000-75000 32000-42000 20-40 50-75 126-192 72-92 SO~Qof the

2 - EFFECT OF COLD WORK ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES* (Fully annealed 0.04lXnch thick material cold rolled as shown)
Tensile Strength psi Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) psi Elongation (2 in.) % Rockwell B Hardness** 72 95 99 100 100 P. 0.016vc

Cold Reduction. VQ

Heat Treatment:
Annealing: AISI Type 410 in the cold-worked condition can be softened (recrystallized) by heating IO I SOO1650 F. cooling slowly IO I lOOoF and then cooling in air. The Brine11 hardness should be about 155. Process .Annealing: Strains caused by cold working can be removed by heating to l350-14OOF and cooling in air. Hardening and Tempering: Heat IO l775-182SF. quench in oil (light sections can be cooled in air) and remper to the desired hardness.

72000 0 3 7000 30.0 IS 94000 92000 6.5 2.5 30 I09000 I05000 I .ot 45 I I7000 I10000 1.ot 60 I28000 I20000 *Type 410 tested: O.lOyc C. 0.44y~ Mn, 0.017yo 0.35%, Si. 12. IS?& Cr and 0.4OVc Ni. **Converted from Rockwell T measurements. tBroke short.

S.

Table

3 -

TYPICAL (Heat treated

FATIGUE to I Il.000

STRENGTH psi)

Test Temperature F 70 700 850 IO00

Fatigue Strength ( IO cycles). psi 58000 49000 43500 27200

Machinability:
AISI Type 410 can be machined successfully but in the soft (annealed) condition it lends to gall or build up on the cutring poinr of the tool. Machinability is improved for material annealed and cold worked or quenched and tempered 10 a Brmell hardness of 21)@ 240. Machining speeds. in general. are SO-6O?coof those used for mild steel. The machinability rating of this steel is about 54qc of BI I I2 Bessemer screw stock. It IS easier IO machlne than the l8Cr-8Ni stainless steel. but there is a tendency 10 gall or build up on the cutting edges of the tool. Chips produced are brittle and stringy. Galling can be greatly reduced by using tools sharply ground to a fine linish. Power must be sufficient to maintain conslam feeds and speeds. Tools and tool holders must be highly rigid. Turning tools should be ground with a moderately heavy side rake of & I5 degrees

10 allow for freedom of cut. For drilling. the point should be 140 degrees. Threading tools should be ground with IO- IS degree back rake. 10 ease the cutting pressures and improve the machined surfaces. With cobalt high-speed-steel tools use cutting speeds of 85- I IS sfpm for turning. 35-75 sfpm for drilling, 70-105 sfpm for milling. and 2060 sfpm for reaming. Cutting speeds of 200-400 sfpm are used for roughing and finishing with tipped-carbide single point turning tools. Use sulphurized cutring oils.

Alloy Digest

Copyright ASM International 2002

Table 4 REPRESENTATIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (After oil hardening and tempering) Yield Strength (0.2y0 Offset) %
I45000 I40000

Bar Izod* Impact ft-lb 35 35 I7 25 75

100

Tempering Temperature OF 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 *V-Notch. Tempering

Tensile Strength psi

I90000 I80000

Elongation (2 in.). yc
IS

Reduction of Area F ,C

Brine11 Hardness

I50000 II5000 I10000 85000 90000 60000 within the range of 750 to 1050F

I95000 I45000

15 I7 20 23 30 is not recommended

55 390 55 375 55 390 65 300 65 225 70 180 due to low and erratic impact PROPERTIES at 1400F) Reduction of Area
5%

properties.

Table
Test Temperature F 200 400 600 800 1000 I200 Tensile Strength psi 87000 79000 72500 66500 53000 32500

5 -

SHORT-TIME HIGH-TEMPERATURE (Quenched in oil from 1800F. tempered Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) psi 60000 57000 50500 48000 42500 22000 Elongation (2 in.), yc 21.0 26.0 24.5 22.5 29.5 47.5

Brine11 Hardness 170 150 I45 135 I20 70

Charpy Impact (V-Notch) ft-lb 152 150 160 190 175 -

70 70 69 69 76 91

Table 6 Test Temperature F 900 IO00 II00

STRESS-RUPTURE DATA (Forging: 0.15% C. I2%, Cr) Stress. psi. to Rupture in 1000 Hours IO.000 Hours 34000 I8000 IO000 26000 I3000 7000

mtrlc

acid containing

3 oz. per 8allon

(22 g I) of sodium

dichromate.

This alloy resists corrosion

In many hghr industrial

and domestic

environments as well as potable and mine walers. The safe lemperarure for conlinuous service IS 1200F. It will discolor slighrly ar about 4S0F but scale does not form until I?OOF is exceeded.

Pickling:
After annealing or hear treating. the parts must be thoroughI> pickled and passi\ated. Pickle m 10% sulphuric acid with blO?c Rock Salt aI l70-180 F. Then passivate in 10-20Tc nitric acid solution at 140F.

Table 7 Test Temperature F

1000 II00 I200 1350

CREEP

DATA ITo Elongation in 100.000 Hours

10000

Specification

Equivalents:

Stress. psi. for 10,000 Hours

I ooooI 2000 4000-4500 I80~2000 100~1400

3700
1300

700

AMS: 5504. 5505. 561 I. 5612. 5613. 5776 and 5821. ASME: S.4194. SA240. S4268 and SA479. ASTM: A 176. A 182. A 193. A 194. A 240. A 268. A 296. A 314. A 336. A 473. A 479. A 493. A 51 I and A 680. Federal: QQ-S-763. QQ-S-766 and QQ-W-423. Milnary: MI L-S-861 and M IL-S-862. SrZE: J405 and J412. UNS No. S41000.

General Workability:
HOI Working: This steel can be readily forged. headed. riveted and upset. It is harder when hot than mild steel and consequently requires more blows or a heavier hammer. To forge. hear uniformly to 2OOOi2200 F. forge. cool in air. cool large forgings in dry hme or

Characteristics:

furnace. trim hot or else anneal and trim cold. Do not forge below
1650F but reheat as often as necessary. Cold Working: In the annealed condition. blanked. drawn. formed and cold headed. AISI Type 410 can be

Weldability:
AlSl Type 410 can be satisfactorily welded. When weld rods are used. they should be of similar analysis. Parts should be preheated 10 at least 3SO/400F before welding IO prekenr cracking. particularly In heavy or intricate secrions. &cause AISI Type 410 is air-hardening. II should be annealed immediately after welding 10 make the secllons uniformly duclile.

4lSI Type 410 is a chromium steel recommended for apphcations requiring moderare corrosion resistance and high mechanical properties developed by heat treatment. It is ferromagneIic in rhe annealed and in the hardened condition. Type 410 is an air or oil-hardening stainless steel. and readily responds to hardening and tempering operations. The extent 10 which the mechanical properties can be ahered by heat treatment depends upon the carbon-chromium content. The steel is usually supplied Hnh an analysis balance that develops near-maximum hardenabIlity on oil quenching irom 18OOF. Corrosion resistance and impact slrangth are lowered uhen the oil-quenched marerial is lempered within the range of 975-l 100F. Since its scaling temperature is approximately IZSOF. it IS satisfactory for service at temperatures ranging up IO 12OOF.

Forms Available:
Bars. sheet. strip. plare. wire and forpIngs.

Corrosion

and Oxidation

Resistance:

Applications:
Flat springs. knives. table flatware. sleam fasteners. pump parts. shafting and many turbine buckets. vahes. other appllcarlons.

AISI Type 410. in both the annealed and hardened-and-tempered conditions. provides good corrosion resistance IO mild atmospheres. For best results. the surfaces must be entirely free of scale and foreign panicles. After parts are finished they should be passivated for 20 to 30 minules in a solution of warm 20% by volume

Manufacturer:
StaInless sreel mills.