Is Nibbana a Reality?

An examination in the perspective of High Energy Physics and Data collected during Higgs Field Experiment by the European Organization for Nuclear Research Geneva, using Large Hadrons Collider Nihal Surasena
24.05.2013

The Eternal Questions

Humans have been trying to find out answers to four eternal questions, out of what this universe is made?, How does it exist? How will it end? Who made it? Answers of many versions had been put forwarded by varies schools of thoughts; Many versions end up in pointing to an all mighty god or gods as designers and or controllers of the world. Contrary to the belief of god made world western scientist had put forward a theory Known as standard Particle model theory to explain creation and existence of the universe.

Revelation by lord Buddha

Revelation by Lord Buddha is completely different to all other versions of disclosures. Instead of trying to find out the commencement or creation of the universe, Lord Buddha disclose a status of Nibbana, achieved by following supreme middle path to end the sufferings of the satwa. Nibbana is a status of not bonding to the continuation of the universe. Some schools of thoughts consider the disclosure of Lord Buddha as a religious hypothesis. Purpose of this examination is to compare the disclosure of Lord Buddha with the recent findings of the western science, more specifically with the data collected during the operation of the Large Hadrons Collider in 2011 and 2012 to examine whether the supreme disclosure of Lord Buddha, the Nibbana is a reality or it is a hypothesis.

Previous Revelations
During the period of disclosure of the status of Nibbana by Lord Buddha, there were many gurus and schools of thoughts expressed different doctrines of creation and existence of universe. Theses doctrines were basically categorized to sixty four opinions such as universe is

permanent, temporary, soul is permanent, soul is temporary, universe is permanent and soul is temporary. Universe is a creation of mighty god, and universe is neither permanent nor temporary. In the Brahamajala Sutra Lord Buddha explains the reasons for such belief and clearly clarify how and why such belief fall short of the level of wisdom and intelligence required for in-depth understanding of the universe (the loka). In the Brahamajala Sutra Lord Buddha further states that people who make statements on the beginning and creation of the universe do so, on their previous experiences or hypothesis based on their experiences and or present knowledge. Further lord Buddha states beginning of the universe cannot be determined, or found as the universe had gone through millions of (Sanwatte and Viwatte Kalpa) changes, Contraction and Expansion as proposed by the oscillation theory of the western scientists. Kalpa is explained as a period of time that cannot be counted by human being. In the Sawake Sutra (student rule) Lord Buddha disclose even if someone can remember one million kalpe a day for hundred years he will not see the beginning of the universe as the commencement of the universe has no divergence.

Nibbana
By delivering the Dahamsak Pavathum Sutra, the first sermon Lord Buddha disclosed the innovative proposition of Nibbana; States of un-bonding from continuation of the universe. Dhamsak Pavathum Sutra is popularly considered as a sermon that explains method of ending the suffering of mankind and examined in that context. Disclosure shall be considered as universal, and not confined to a single creature in the universe. Further content of the sutra does not limit its application to mankind. The middle path disclosed by Lord Buddha is; not to indulge nor obliterate with any perception. Lord Buddha disclosed a scheme of eight fundamentals that leads to middle path of not being indulge in nor obliterates perceptions. It is clear that any perception if not indulged nor obliterate will not make a change. All indulgence and obliterations can be recount to forces of attraction and distractions those causing transformation in the existing system. At the macro level it is known that any transformation is not permanent and subjected to decay and annihilation over a period of time. The above mentioned phenomenon is not confined to macro level universe it is equally true at subatomic level of universe. Nuclear dynamics are mediated by the above phenomenon; forces of attraction and distractions acting to change decay and annihilate the subatomic particles.

In Dhamsakpavathum sutra lord Buddha disclose four fundamental certainties those present in the virtual universe; Fact of endurance (suffering) due to change, decay and annihilation (jati, jara, Marana) is a fundamental certainty. Fact that Suffering is induced in the virtual Matter, Dark matter and Dark energy statuses of the universe is a fundamental certainty. Fact that; momentum (energy) of endurance (suffering) can be completely eradicated by not bonding (Nibbana) to virtual universe is a fundamental certainty. The fact that; the momentum of endurance (energy subjected to change, decay, and annihilate) as result of binding to the virtual universe can be extinguish by adhering to eight fold superlative fundamentals is a fundamental certainty. The Saptha Bojjanga Damma sutras, discloses seven fold path to gain wisdom to understand the certainty and uncertainty, achieve fundamental wisdom to attain the status of Nibbana - No Bonding. The Girimananda Sutra discloses ten identities those should be aware of to develop skill of being not bonded. The Satipattna sutra is declared by Lord Buddha as the only technique to attain the status of Nibbana or not being bonded. The sutra explains four status and eighteen substaus of the universe to be mindful of. It further states that by developing the skill of mindfulness Satwa will be purified and refuge from suffering of being attached to virtual universe.. The present universe exists because of bonding to continuation, simply called as rebirth. Rebirth shall not apply only to humans but to everything that is in the universe. If such scheme is not present it can be hypothesize that universe will end at the end of the life period of what presently survive in the universe.

Lord Buddhas Perception on four status of Matter.

In the Pubbe Sutra (preceding- rule) Lord Buddha state that during my previous births much before the enlightenment, I was researching on the four status of universe. (Patavi, Apo, JheJo, Vayu.); solids, liquids, gas and energy. It further states that until I was fully aware of the advantages, disadvantages and not having either advantage or disadvantage of the four status of the universe, I did not declare, I have enlightened, and this is my last birth. (No rebirth to support to continue the universe) These four status were considered the elementary building blocks of the universe at the time. In the Assadapariyesane Sutra (Research for Advantages - rule) Lord Buddha state that I declared the enlightenment only after being fully aware of remuneration, consequences and not having either remuneration or consequences of the four status. This disclosure is far different from any other religious philosophy, instead of trying to explain how the universe is

created Lord Buddha states that I declared elucidation only after being fully aware of all aspects of the status out of which universe is made of. In the No Chedan Sutra (Non separation rule) Lord Buddha states that if there is no advantage or remuneration Satwa (living being) will not bind (like) to condition of solids (Patavi). Since there is an advantage and remuneration satwa binds (like) to status of solids. Satwa will not dislike the solids if there is no disadvantage of being bind to status of Solids. Since there is a disadvantage of being bind to status of solids satwa dislike solids. Satwa will not disassociate from the states of Solids if there is refuge. Satwa disassociate from the status of solids because there is no refuge in solids. The sutra goes on to explain that the Satwa, the living being like the four status; solids, liquids, gas, and energy because of the advantages of binding to the four states and dislike four states because of the disadvantages of being bind to the four states. Satwa, the living being will disassociate from the four states because there is no refuge either by liking or disliking the four status. If there is refuge in the four status satwa, the living being will not disassociate from the four basic status. In the Dukka Lakkana Sutra (Symbols of suffering- Rule) Lord Buddha states that if the status of solids, liquids, gas and energy, were no more than a suffering satwa would not have bind to (like) to the four status.For some reasons states of solids, liquids, gas, energy brings contentment therefore satwa binds to those four states. If the states of solids, liquids, gas and energy offers permanent contentment and not bring suffering satwa will not dislike the four states. For some reasons the four status brings suffering and not contentment therefore satwa will hate the four status.

As we know today the known universe is made out of four states of matter, solids, liquids, gas, and energy. The universe is assembly of four states of matter in different propositions. Human are not excluded from this principal, human too are complex and intricate assembly of above four status.

The fundamental particle- Satwa- the living being

From above mentioned sutras it is clear, that the disclosure of Lord Buddha exceeds the belief at that time, the fundamental building block of the universe being the Solids, liquids, gas, and energy. Instead, Lord Buddha declares that living being or the satwa bind together to create the Solids, liquids, gas and energy. When satwa likes any particular status it bind together to create the particular status and when it dislike the particular status it disassociate from the particular status to disintegrate the status.

Considering the above it is clear the Satwa is not the human being nor the four states solids, liquids, gas and energy considered as the basic elements of the universe during the time of enlightenment of Lord Buddha. From what is said in the above mentioned Sutras it is clear that the satwa or the living being will have intricate and complex knowledge, to like or dislike (vinghanna), can identify and differentiate solids to energy, (sanggnha), can transform disintegrate and integrate in to different status ( Sanskara) In the dahamsak Pavathum sutra it is stated that Satwa is subjected to change JATI, (jati is considered as birth, birth is changing from one states to other), decay, JARA, Annihilate MARANA. It further states that in summery all five bonds are suffering. To summaries; Satwa is the fundamental building block of the universe, at the start it is pure and without any attachments, it has complex and intricate knowledge, it can identify and differentiate, it can transform to different status and is subjected to decay and annihilation. Transformation of Satwa is due to five types of bonds and when bonded to transform in to status of solids liquids gas and energy satwa is subjected suffering.

Development of Science
The disclosure of status of not bonding or Nibbana was revealed by Lord Buddha approximately 2600 years ago, since then science had advance to the extent of identifying objects those are 450 million light years away from the earth, Finding signatures of particles which existed 14 billion years before, accelerated sub atomic particle to almost the speed of light at almost near absolute tempreture and decoded data to anti matter which could have not been dreamed not 2600 years, but at least 500 years before. Therefore it is appropriate to examine whether Nibbana, Status of not being bonded to continuation of universe is a reality or it is another religious hypothesis, by finding out whether element having properties satwa exist in the universe.

Revelation of Atom as the fundamental Particle

In contrary to belief of god created universe and considering solids, liquids gas and energy as building block of the universe, atomic structure of matter was conceived as a philosophical idea in the 5th century B.C. Atom was considered as the fundamental particle which is indivisible. This idea was verified by Lavoisier through experiments in the 18th century. In the beginning of the 20th century Ernest Rutherford, showed that atom has very solid and relatively small nucleus. Rutherford said Nucleus of the atom is positively charged and

negatively charged electrons occupy the empty space. Neil Bohar found that electrons are rotating around the nucleus. New experiments in 1920 to 1930 confirmed that nucleus can be further sub dived to two kinds of particles, positively charged protons and electrically neutral Neutron. Experiments under taken during 1960 and 1970 confirmed that Proton and Neutrons are not the elementary particles and they have further smaller particles named as quarks. Experiments proved that quarks are of two different types having two different charges. Quarks having 2/3 electrical charge was named as Up quark and Quarks having 1/3 charge was named as down quarks. In elementary particle physics four particles can build world as it is today: Up quark, Down quark, Electron and neutrino. Neutrino is a strange particle with very small mass which is considered as matter less as the mass of Neutrino is less than the error of currently used instruments. Since the recent advancement of science, it has been, now proven that atom is not the fundamental particle which is simple and structure less.

The Standard Model Theory of Particle

The Standard Model of Particle Physics is a theory concerning the electromagnetic, weak and strong nuclear interactions which mediate the dynamics of the known subatomic particles. Theory of standard particle model was developed throughout early and mid of 20 th century to explain the fundamental building block of universe. The present formulation of the particle model was finalized in 1970 after the confirmation of existence of quarks. Since then, discoveries of the bottom quark (1977), the top quark (1995) and the tau neutrino (2000) have given credence to the standard model. It was considered the universe is a result of interaction of four forces, namely weak, strong, electromagnetic, and gravity. Standard model of Particle was considered as the theory of almost everything in the universe. Later scientists realized that interaction of the four forces alone will only make particles without a mass. Without mass we will have a universe only of particles. Nothing like human beings, the earth we live on, the stars and the sun.

The Higgs force and Atom smashers

In order to validate the standard particle model theorists Robert Brout, Francois Englert, and Peter Higgs theorized that there is invisible field, now called Higgs field which pervade the universe. The field is none zero average throughout the universe, the result being particle have mass. Without the so called field, particles will be mass less or very light and will disintegrate atoms and atomic nuclei and thus disintegrate the universe.

Since this theory was developed many experiments were undertaken to prove the existence of the Higgs field or its particle. The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN, built the world largest atom smasher; Large Hadrons Collider in Geneva to find the Higgs field or its particle. Large Hadrons collider is considered as the largest machine on the earth, it has diameter of 26 km and cost approximately 5.5 billion USD. It has taken almost 20years from designing stage to final operation stage. Approximately 14,000 engineers and scientist are manning this massive test equipment. LHC was commissioned in late 2009 and shut down immediately for repairs. It re-started in 2011. There are many projects at CERN, ATLAS and CMS are two of them approximately 6000 people are employed in these two projects to find the Higgs field that binds the particles to make the atom. Total expenditure of these two projects estimated as 13.4 billion USD.

Revelation of existence of Higgs force-(Binding force disclosed as thanha by Lord Buddha)

Data collected during the operations of the LHC in 2011 and 2012 had proved the existence of none zero force (Higgs) and particle of the force termed as Higgs Boson. The existence of Higgs Particle and therefore the force; that is binding particles together to make the atom therefore the difference status of the universe; solids, liquids, gas and energy, was confirmed by the CERN in mid March 2013. Scientists are of the view that although they have found one particle resembling properties of Higgs particle, there may be more of such particles at least five. This means that there are five forces that bind particles together to integrate the atoms, which make the universe.

Similarities of the fundamental particle in the standard model and Satwa

To put it in a simple language, there are something called particles (satwa) all over the universe, they are made out of four forces live in the universe. They are free and not attached to anything; Particles have spin and charge (intricate knowledge). Particles can differentiate the charges and spins, repels similar charges and attract opposite charges and subjected to decay and annihilation. There is another force in the universe that binds these particles to make the basic building block of the universe, the ATOM. Atoms integrate to make the entire universe. Experiments at Large Hadrons Collider has proven, there is a binding force that integrates the Atom, binding forces may be five but not one, binding force is non zero on average. If the average of the binding force is zero particles will not bind to integrate the atom thus the

universe. Therefore it is clear that there is a status of Nibbana or No bonding which will disintegrate the basic building block of the universe and prevent continuation of the universe. In the vepulla pabatha sutra (vepulla mountain rule) lord Buddha explains how the names of people and objects change with the time. Vepulla Mountain was called by different names during different periods of time. Object names are agreements and not true meanings. Similarly name Particle, Quarks, Photons, and Higgs field are agreements for identifications while satwa/ living being declared by Lord Buddha offers the true meaning.

Baagyawat Budurajanan Wahansa

Mesehein the obawahanse Arahathya, Sammasambuddaya, Vijjacharanya Lokaviduha Obawahansege anusasanawe Akalikaya Sandittikaya. Sadu, Sadu Sadu.
O lord Buddha, the enlighten you have no secrets, in this universe, you are aware of all aspects of the universe. Your teachings are eternal and can be verified throughout the existence of the universe in all three forms; Matter, Dark matter, and Dark energy. Sadu, Sadu, Sadu.

Dear reader, I have tried to explain a very complex subject in a manner a layman will understand, If you are unable to comprehend please pardon me for my ignorance. The Higgs force experiment reveals only part of the story; they are yet to explain how the Higgs and other nuclear forces are generated, and whether it is possible to neutralize the Higgs force to disintegrate the atom or the standard particle. I have not explained the suffering of Satwa to keep the article short pardon me again for that too. I am glad to receive your comments observation etc to; nihalsurasena@yahoo.com