X.

DRUG STUDY
NAME OF DRUG GENERIC NAME CEFAZOLIN (Cephalosporin) DOSAGE AND ROUTE ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICTION ADVERSE REACTION NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

BRAND NAME: ANCEF

1gm IV every Inhibits bacterial cellwall 8 hours synthesis, thus promoting osmotic instability which eventually leads to bacterial cell death.

Infections caused by staphyloccocus, streptoccocus, E. coli. D. Pneumoniae and other susceptible microorganisms. Respiratory tract infection, genitourinary tract infections, gynecological infections, skin and skin structure infections, pre and post- operative wound and trauma, biliary tract infections, bone and joint infections, perioperative prophylaxis. Treatment of septicemia and endocarditis.

Allergy to penicillins and cephalosporins.

Signs of allergy: skin rash, fever, hematologic disorders: eosinophilia, leukopenia, reversible thrombopenia. Digestive diorders: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea.oral thrush. Transient rise in SGOT and SGPT and alkaline phosphatase.

Instruct patient to report sore throat, bruising, bleeding and joint pain, this may indicate blood dyscrasias. Instruct patient to report perineal itching, fever malaise, redness and pain, swelling, drainage, rash, diarrhea and changes in cough, sputum, or furry tongue this may indicate superinfection. Assess patient sensitivity reaction to penicillin or other cephalosporins. Assess patient for sign and symptoms of infection before and during treatment: fever, earache, characteristics of wounds, sputum, urine, stool and WBC>10,000/mm3.

X. DRUG STUDY
NAME OF DRUG DOSAGE AND ROUTE ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICTION ADVERSE REACTION NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

TRAMADOL (Analgesic)

50mg IV PRN Centrally acting for Pain analgesic not chemically related to opioids but binds to mu- opioid receptors and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.

Moderate to severe pain. Hypersensitivity. Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, centrally acting analgesics, opioids, or psychotropic agents.

Vasodilation; dizziness/vertigo, headache, somnolence,stimulation, anxiety,confusion,coordi nation disturbances, euphoria, nervousness, sleep disorder,seizures. Pruritus, sweating, rash. Visual disturbances, dry mouth. Nausea, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, anorexia, flatulence. Urinary retention, increased creatinine, proteinuria. Decreased hemoglobin, elevated liver enxymes, asthenia, hypertonia.

Assess for hypersensitivity reactions: pruritus, rash and urticaria. Monitor for CNS changes: dizziness, drowsiness, hallucinations, euphoria, loss of consciousness and pupil reaction. Monitor I and O ratio and chech for decreasing output which may indicate retention. Advise patient to avoid alcohol. Instruct patient to change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension. Instruct patient to report changes in bowel pattern. Instruct to increase diet bulk and oral fluids and to prevent constipation.

X. DRUG STUDY
NAME OF DRUG DOSAGE AND ROUTE ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICTION ADVERSE REACTION NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Hypersensitivity.
NALBUPHINE (Muscle Relaxant)

5mg IV every Binds with opiate 4 hours x 4 receptor in the CNS: doses ascending pain pathways in limbic system, thalamus, midbrain, hypothalamus, altering perception of and emotional response to pain. Relieves pain.

Relief of moderate to severe pain; for preoperatively analgesia, supplement to balanced anesthesia, surgical anesthesia, obstetrical anesthesia.

Sedation, drowsiness, sweating, nausea, dry mouth, dizziness and headache, vomiting.

Monitor vital signs after parenteral route. Assess for pain characteristics Check for some reaction (allergic) Instruct patient to change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension and avoid getting up without assistance.

KETOROLAC (Muscle relaxant, Uricosurics, analgesic)

30mg IV every Analgesic, anti 6 hours x 4 inflammatory and anti doses pyretic. Inhibits prostaglandins synthesis by inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzyme, it also inhibits leukotrine synthesis, help stabilize, lysosomal membranes and exert antibradykinin activity.

Short term management of moderate to severe acute post- operative pain.

Active peptic ulcer disease, recent gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, moderate to severe renal impairment, hypovolemia or dehydration, hypersensitivity to aspirin ASA or NSAIDS, history in asthma.

Gastrointestinal ulceration, bleeding and perforation, post operative, bleeding, acute renal failure, anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions, liver failure. Hypertension, pruritus rash, GI disturbances, nausea, dyspepsia, diarrhea, purpura, headache, drowsiness edema and injection site pain.

Assess for hypersensitivity reaction. Advice patient to report persistence or worsening of pain. Check for swelling or itching.