Environment Pollution

Introduction:
Pollution word comes lation word pollutus Different object in nature arrount the human being form Environment . It is neccessory for human being , animals and trees to supply basic substance changes then it is called pollutin. Row materials sewagre water contaiminated water is not released in secare place other wise it will effect badly natural condition Increase in population , industries,vehicals and different technologies provided different facilities which lesds to pollution of water,air, soil,sound,human . Defination: 1]Due to industrilization,the wast chemicals from the factories in the form of gaseous,liquids and solids state are given out into atmosphere water and soil.When the collelation of such chemical substances the hairmful effects can be seen.Thisis called pollution. 2]A disturbance in the natural balance of various constituents of natural resource id\s called pollution. The amount carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is in creasing causing a rise in the temperature , due to pollution different problems are a rise such as bad effects an food chain. Changes in natural cycles of winter, summer seasons, Types of Environment pollution: 1]Air Pollution :- Atmospere contuins of air are oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapour & some inert gases. Their ptopotion in the air are nitrogen 78%, oxygen 21%, carbon dioxide & other 1%. Generally human

can live 5 days without water & 5 weeks without food but unable to survive 1 minute without air. Air effects on respiratory system of animals. If the oxygen in air is less than 21% then it is called polluted air. Causes of Air Pollution :1) Natural Causes :- Fire in the forest, Valcanic eruption, cyclons, 2) Manmade Causes :- Vehicals, factories, tree cutting, fuel, Air condition machine 1) The Pollution effects plants. The fall in the photosynthesis produotion, falling of leaves, absence of fruiting, these effects canbe seen on plants 2)In air pollution lead effect badly on central nervous system of animals, Floride causes the & weight loss, sulphure dioxide mix with rain water to from acid rain which badly effect on aquatic animals. 3) The pollution effects animals. The lifespan of animals, their capacity of producing milk, reproduction system is seen to be decreasing. 4) Increase in Carbon dioxide, Methane, Chloroflorcarbon, nitrogen dioxide leads to the global warming problem. 5) Pollution causes respiratory disordexs, cancer of the intestines, disorders of the urinary bladder, high blood pressure, disorders of eyes etc. It leads to plapitations,breathlessness & psychological disorders. 2) Water Pollution :Water is called universal solute 141 crores of cubic k.m. was water stored on earth surface. Out of then 97% of water is in the ocean which is salty. Remaining part consist of 2.1% water which is in the solid state in ice on polar region & 0.9% is the only part of dinking water. Only 0.9% water

is available for the animals , trees & crops. Which is obtained from the river, wells, dam, Defiuation :Due to industrialization the waste chemicals from the factories in the form of liquid, contaminated water, harmful metals such as lead, aluminium, zinc, concentration of harmful substance cayses water pollution. A disturvance in the natural balance of the various constituents of the water is called water pollution. Causes of Water Pollution :1) When containated water mix with good driking water then water get polluted. 2) When waste chemicals of different factories in the from of liquid is released in good water then water get polluted which is badly effect the health. 3) Use of petroleum product & chemicals, leckage of different pipes pollutes water. Effects of Water Pollution :1) When polluted water get stopped at any place then different micn organisms which cause diseases such as cholera, hepatites, enterities are caused on drinking such water. 2) When containiated water of chemical is released from factory in the drinking water badly effect the chemical balance of water which effect equatic animals & plants along with human being. 3)Polluted water released from different big cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkatta which contains different harmful metals auch as sodium, Aluminium, lead, Mercury. Which is harmful for living being.

3) Soil Pollution :Soil provides suppere and nourishment to plants. Soil helps plants to grow. It is the base of agricalture. The survival of all plants and animals and their nour is hment depends upon the soil. Soil consits stones, pebbles, sand, fine soil particles and organic substances Causes of Soil Pollution :A disturbance in the natural balance of varions contituents of soil is called soil pollusion. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, iudustrial effluents etc. pollute the soil. Crops do not grow well an polluted soil Effect of Soil Pollution can be prevented by using organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers. Overuse of fertilizers x pesticides should also be avoided for the prevention of the soil pollusion. 4) Sound Pollution :Sound with large intesity (decibal) cause sound pollution. Such types of sound is called noise. When intersity of sound is more than 80 decibal then it is sound podlution for human being. Mainly there are diferent cauese for sound pollution such as different factories, vehicals sound, dolby system used in different festival cracker used in big function, blasts of bombs, global process, wepons used at war.

Medically for better health, psychological, mental health sound level must be in good range. There for we use music system at different functions. To measure intensity of sound we use decibal meter instrument. Causes of Sound Pollution :1) Sound producted at different. Places such as bus stop, Railway syation, Airoplane station, rocket lauching station, which is generally with more than normal state. 2) Music systems, crackers explosion, explosion taken place at test of nuclear weaplosion taken different machine use at industries & factories, use of different weapars used at the time of war Effects of Sound Pollution :1) Due to Sound pollution mental condition is majorly defected. 2) Hear loss problem ( dumb) cansed in animal.

Korake Mahadev Sonaba M.A.Economics Research Student Shivaji University Kolhapur