BIOLOGY 11 EXERCISE NOTES AND AtoQs EXERCISE 6 STEM 1.

. Complete the table: ANATOMICAL FEATURE Protective covering Other features Complete the table: ANATOMICAL FEATURE Distinctiveness of cortex and pith Vascular cambium (+/-) Type of vascular bundle Vascular tissues arrangement Type of xylem maturation

SHOOT APEX

ROOT APEX

2.

MONOCOT STEM

DICOT STEM

3. Differentiate endarch type of maturation from the exarch type.

4. In the old dicot and pine stem sections, which tissue/s produce the additional cells?

5. What protective tissue/s is/are present in the old dicot and pine stem sections? 6. Sketch a lenticel as seen in cross section. Give its function.

7. Differentiate the elements found in angiosperms from those found in gymnosperms by completing this table: ANATOMICAL FEATURE MONOCOT and DICOT STEMS PINE STEMS XYLEM tissues PHLOEM tissues Secretory cells and resin ducts (+/-) Pith (+/-) 8. Sketch the cross, radial and tangential sections of a pine wood. Label the rays, tracheids, and pits (if seen).

9. Complete the table: SPECIMEN Gabi Ginger Potato Onion Cactus Bermuda grass Coccinea (ivy gourd) SPECIALIZED PART (which part of stem is modified?) MODIFICATION (how is the part modified?) FUNCTION

BIOLOGY 11 EXERCISE NOTES AND AtoQs EXERCISE 7 LEAF 1. These are morphological features of the leaf that you should be familiar with for the exam. a. Leaf form/outline: linear, lanceolate, elliptic, ovate, oblanceolate, obovate b. Leaf apex: rounded, acute, acuminate, emarginate/obcordate c. Leaf base: rounded, cordate, auricled, sagittate, peltate d. Leaf margin: entire, serrate, crenate, sinuate, cleft e. Phyllotaxy: alternate, opposite, whorled f. Simple or compound g. Presence or absence of stipules/stipels h. Presence of petioles/petiolules Complete the table: ANATOMICAL FEATURE Epidermis Stomata Mesophyll Vascular tissue arrangement Type of blade Midrib (+/-) Bulliform cells (+/-) Resin ducts (+/-) 3. Complete the table: SPECIMEN Kalanchoe (kataka-taka) Bougainvillea Aloe vera Cactus Onion Citrus Pitcher plant EXERCISE 11 H&I TRANSPIRATION AND GUTTATION 1. Define the following terms: a. Guttation b. 2. 3. 4. Transpiration SPECIALIZED PART (which part of stem is modified?) MODIFICATION (how is the part modified?) FUNCTION DICOT LEAF MONOCOT LEAF PINE LEAF

2.

Give the structures involved in guttation and transpiration. Differentiate the form of water given off during guttation and transpiration. Indicate the effect on the rate of transpiration of the following factors (increase/decrease): a. Strong light b. Moving air c. Plugged stomates