pH Titration Odaro Osayimwen Chem 1212L-197 March 31, 2013

Purpose and Procedure: The purpose (goal) of this experiment is to determine Ka and concentration of acetic acid. The procedure for the experiment is from the lab manual referenced below. Also there are additional instructions given by the lab instructor. Block/McKelvy/Denniston/Silverstein (2012). Laboratory Experiments for Chem 1211L and 1212L, with contribution from Georgia Perimeter Faculty, 7e, p 143 (pH Titration).

Data: Trial 1 Mass KHP Final Volume Initial Volume Molar mass of KHP .0603 g 29.00 ml .05 ml 204.22 g/mol Trial 2 .0630 g 42.39 ml 10.05 ml

pH
12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 Volume (mL) 20 25 30 pH

First derivative
3 2.5 2 1.5 First derivative 1 0.5 0 0 -0.5 5 10 15 20 25 30

Calculation: Trial 1: .0603 g /204.22 g/mol = 2.953 * 10-4 mol Volume: 29.00 ml - .05 ml = 28.95 ml Molarity = (2.953 * 10-4 mol * 1000)/ 28.95 ml = .0102 M

Trial 2: .0630 g /204.22 g/mol = 3.084 * 10-4 mol Volume: 42.39 ml - 10.05 ml = 32.34 ml Molarity = (3.084 * 10-4 mol * 1000)/ 32.34 ml = .0095 M

Average molarity of NaOH: (.0102 M + .0095 M)/2 = .010 M Average volume: (28.95 ml + 32.34)/2 = 30.65 ml

Acetic acid: Equivalence point at 13.55 ml

At half way point; Volume = 6.775 ml pH= 4.67, thus pKa=4.67 Ka= 10-4.67 = 2.14 * 10-5 M

Concentration of acetic acid: M1 * V1 = M2 * V2 .010 M * 30.65 ml = M2 * 13.55 ml M2= .023 M

Result Ka= 2.14 * 10-5 M Molarity of acetic acid= .023 M

Error Analysis: The errors from this experiment came from the following: 1. The measurements of the volumes of each solution. 2. The buret reading of each solution. 3. The uncertainty of the analytical balance. This affected my results in the following: 1. The more the volume of the acid is, the more volume of NaOH to neutralize the solution. So the value of Ka would be different. 2. The amount of KHP obtained would affect the average concentration of NaOH and the molarity of acetic acid. Percent error= (2.14 * 10-5 M 1.8 * 10-5 M)/(1.8 * 10-5 M) * 100% = 19% Table of Ka Values for Common Monoprotic Acids, Brewton-Parker College, States Acetic acid HC2H3O2 1.8 x 105

Discussion: In this experiment, we did a pH titration. We used this to determine the Ka and concentration of acetic acid. We did something similar in Experiment 8, in Chem 1, when we were doing an Acid Base titration. Now, both methods are good for finding the concentration of an acid, however, using pH titration, is easier and more efficient. Also, with the software we used, finding the concentration made it even easier.

Question: 1. .023 M * .01355 ml = (60.05 *.0031165 mol) = 18.17 mg Yes, this agrees with the claim. 2. 60.05 g 3. Yes, because this equation is for the halfway point and that is where we evaluate