7032072025 – Rekha diju 9841715165- basu

在过去的一年里我以优秀的学习
完成了所有课程，拿到了13.5 个
学分。同时完成了论述，并提交
给学校有关部门，以优秀的成绩
通过了博士资格考试。最近正在
完成论点并打算在5月的第一周提
交。今年我将更着重于对论据的
寻找和研究

Credit scoring with uncertain class definitions

M. G. KELLY and D. J. HAND

Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London SW7 2BZ

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed

In credit-granting operations, the definition of what is meant by a ‘good’ customer will

depend on economic and commercial factors. Typically the definition has an element of
arbitrariness about it: defining profitability is difficult, and various proxy measures are
used, such as number of months in arrears, amount over the overdraft limit, current-
account turnover, or functions of these and other variables. Moreover, scorecards are often
used for long periods of time, so that the level at which behavior is ‘good’ is likely to
change in response to changing external circumstances. To allow for this, one could
construct a new scorecard, based on a new definition of what one means by good, but this
can be expensive. To overcome this, we propose a new class of credit-scoring models
which allows one to choose the definition of ‘good’ when the classification is to be made,
and not when the scorecard is constructed. These ‘global’ models are based on estimating
the cumulative distribution function of variables which may be partitioned to distinguish
between good and bad customers. Moreover, we demonstrate that these global models
perform at least as well as purpose-built scorecards obtained by constructing separate
scorecards for each new definition of ‘good’. We illustrate with three examples.

The main differences between mission and vision are:

• The mission is internally focused, while the vision is externally

focused
• The mission is middle to long term , while the vision is in the very
long term

A strategy means selecting a set of activities in which an organization

will excel to create a sustained difference in the market place. The
strategy map is akin to a macro view of the strategies followed by the
organization.

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Project Schedule
Month
Task Name May June July August September
W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4
Definition of the outlines
Literature Review
Training yourself
RIS-PACS Apps testing
Questionnaires making
Questionnaires distribution & analysis
Thesis writing
Thesis hand-in

Oral presentation