A&P Airframe Oral/ Practical 5

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Aircraft covering fabrics are made of materials from what two sources?: Organic materials and synthetic materials How would you determine the strength for fabric used to re-cover an aircraft?: The fabric must be of at least quality and strength of the fabric used by the original manufacturer

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How would you determine the correct spacing for rib stitching if the original spacing was unknown?: Consult the chart in AC 43.13-1B

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What is meant by warp, weft, and bias?: Warp is the direction along the length of the fabric, weft is the direction across the fabric at right angles to the warp, and bias is a direction at a 45 degree angle to the warp and weft

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What two types of organic fibers are used for covering aircraft?: Cotton and linen What is the purpose of the selvage edge on a roll of fabric?: It prevents the fabric from unraveling What identification marking is found on the selvage edge, and in which direction is the warp applied?: The FAA-PMA stamp is found on the selvage edge and the warp is applied parallel to the line of flight

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How are the fabric type and strength requirements determined for fabric-covered aircraft?: The original manufacturer determines the fabric type, and strength requirements are a function of the never-exceed speed and wing loading

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What types of synthetic fibers are used for covering aircraft?: Fiberglass and heat-shrinkable polyester fibers Which of the several types of fabric is unaffected by moisture and mildew?: Fiberglass What is the function or purpose of reinforcing tape?: Reinforcing tape is used between the fabric and the rib stitching to prevent the lacing cord from cutting through the fabric

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Where would you use surface tape?: Over rib stitching and sewed seams, over lapped edges, around corners, and along leading and trailing edges

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How should the edges of drainage, inspection, and ventilation holes be reinforced?: With plastic, aluminum, or brass grommets

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What are the principle methods used to test the condition of fabric?: Punch testers such as the Maule or Seybolt tester, and laboratory pull-testing

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Fabric is considered unairworthy when it has deteriorated to what percentage of its original strength?: Less than 70%

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How should a structure that will be covered with doped fabric be prepared following inspection and prior to covering?: Treat it with a protective coating of paint or varnish as appropriate

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What is the principal advantage of the envelope method for covering wings?: Almost all the seams are machine-sewed by the envelope supplier

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What is the tie-off knot?: A standard, modified seine knot used on all stitches except the starting stitch Name three common types of machine-sewed seams.: Plain overlap, folded-fell, and French-fell Where are anti-tear strips used?: Under wind rob stitching when the never-exceed speed is greater than 250 mph.

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