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Study Material Contributed by Ulhas Kavle - Senior SAP Consultant, Mahindra Satyam
SAP Batch Management Overview
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A partial quantity of production or procurement can be tagged with a batch number that clearly makes that material inventory unique.
Inventory Mgmt Whitepaper The Batch number generated for the material quantity not only helps in uniquely Discover im portant assorting the material inventory, but it also stores the characteristics values or tips and trick s for the chemical composition or the product specifications at the time of its inventory m anagem ent! Go production or procurement. now. SoftwareThink Tank .com /InventoryMgm t
Typically you can say that material which can be stored separately without mixing and piling one over the other, is a good candidate for batch management. Product produced or procured has to be stored separately for it to be tagged with a batch number. If you mix all the pieces or mass together then the identification is lost. Case 1: Products which are powder in state like Iron ore, which is procured from vendors (in ships) and are dumped in a location loosing any sort of traceability of when they were procured and from whom they were procured are not a good candidate for batch management. Case 2: At the same time, if Iron ore is procured from vendors (in ships) and piled up separately (every shipment is piled up separately) then you can think of making the product (iron ore) as a batch management candidate. Case 3: You can also take a case where products are Solid in state but are mixed together after production; where the producing company does not wish to keep any traceability of when it was produced and what were the product features or conditions at that point of time. In this case you can avoid Batch management or any recording batch specifications.
Batch Management once activated in configuration and the material masters activated for batch management, then the material is stored in inventory at plantstorage location-batch level. In this case there is no question on mixing of material or loosing any sort of traceability. The plant inventory which would be normally stored in storage locations at the plant-storage location level would now be stored at the plant-storage locationbatch level; which means that every time you issue this material for further production or every time you deliver this to the customer, you have to mention the storage location as well as the batch number you are issuing. This may end your liberty of consumption of this material at plant-storage location level and you may get frustrated in knowing the batch number you are issuing every time.
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Activating or Deactivating Batch Management for a Material during the life of the Material
Activating or Deactivating Batch Management for a product means that you would have to go through a lot of work: a) All the existing in-progress documents like the Purchase orders, Sales orders deliveries, Production orders, Batch Classifications or Batches, which are using the Material batches should be reversed, archived or deleted. b) All the Material Stock should be made = 0 The best way to do it is, moving the stock of the material to a temporary material or writing off all the stock for the material. Once you have done this you can activate or deactivate the material for batch management. c) You can then bring back all the stock from the temporary material to this original material.
d) A Batch is created at Goods receipt from Initial Inventory Creation: When you carry out goods receipt as a part of initial inventory creation through 561 or 501 movement types, the system creates a Batch number for a batch managed material. Summary - A Batch in SAP is created at a Goods Receipt of a Batch Management Material When you receive a Goods Receipt of a Batch Management Material through any GR Movement type, SAP Triggers creation of a Batch number for the received quantity. Above were listed only a few major GR Transaction code and Movement type.
Batch Specifications
A Batch is created in SAP as a master data prior to production or at receipt of stock from a vendor through a purchase order or at the receipt from a production order. A Batch contains a place holder for maintaining various production or product specifications in the form of Batch characteristics. Mantaining Batch Characteristics Values or Batch Specifications is not mandatory atall: It is not mandatory that you maintain batch specifiation in a batch. You can create batches for material inventory without any batch specifications. Maintaining Batch characteristics values for batches is an Optional Feature. Batch Specifications Example: If you producing steel billets of a certain quality, you can maintain specifications for a certain production batch as Material = Steel Billet Plant = 0001 Batch Number = 0000056239 Carbon Si Magnesium Sulfur Potassium Al = 0.16 = 0.2 = 0.15 = 0.022 = 0.025 = 0.02
How to Make a Batch Unique with Batch Specifications: To make a batch specifications unique by adding characteristics such as Production Date, Production Line, Shelf life of Product or even the supervisors name. If you add these sort of characteristics with values you would be successful in making a batch unique with unique set of batch specifications. Making a batch as unique as possible helps differentiating between multiple batches which makes it easier for back traceability. In the above example of Steel Billte production, you can add some more characteristics in the batch classification, as below: Material = Steel Billet Plant = 0001 Batch Number = 0000056239 Carbon Si Magnesium Sulfur Potassium Al Production Date Production Time Production Line Shelf life = 0.16 = 0.2 = 0.15 = 0.022 = 0.025 = 0.02 = 25th Dec 2009 = 13:12:08 = L3 = 25th Dec 2019
Batch characteristics can a predefined value maintained. You can maintain the following:
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situation where the tolerance ranges change with respect to the materials characteristics combination.
Tolerances range Material Wise There can be situations where the
tolerances for the characteristics changes with respect to materials, i.e. characteristics CARBON_CONTENT may not be 0.1 to 0.3 for all the materials and it may vary for each material, to do this you would have to assign a value for the batch class characteristics in the material master and not in the batch characteristics level. You have to enter a value for the characteristics in the material master classification view, say MATERIAL = M1 for Batch Class STEEL_CHEMISTRY would have a value 0.15 0.3 for the characteristics CARBON_CONTENT.
If you want to maintain batch specifications for a produced or purchased batch you need to maintain a set of master data in the order mentioned:
Note when you leave the predefined values as blank in the characteristics, it means that any value can be entered or it can also mean that the values change with respect to material master and you have to maintain the values or a value tolerance range in the material master.
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See the illustration below: STEEL_CHEMISTRY (Batch Class type 023) Carbon_Content (Characteristics) Si_Content (Characteristics) Mg_Content (Characteristics) S_Content (Characteristics) P_Content (Characteristics) Al_Content (Characteristics) Production Date (Characteristics) Production time (Characteristics) Production Line (Characteristics) Shelf Life (Characteristics) When you create a Class, you have to specify the class type, whether it is a batch class or a material class or any other class type for use in any other modules. Batch class type 022: If you are using Plant Level Batch Maintenance. Batch class type 023: If you are using Material Level Batch Maintenance or Client Level Batch Maintenance. You should include a description of the class and the characteristics or specifications that should be included in the class.
Extend or create Material Master Classification view and add a batch class type to the classification view (Transaction code MM02 or MM01 Material Master Change or creation) You can add batch class type 022: If you are using Plant Level Batch Maintenance. You can add batch class type 023: If you are using Material Level Batch Maintenance or Client Level Batch Maintenance. Assigning a batch class to the material classification view would indirectly assign all the characteristics to the material master. Thus whenever you create a batch for this material through MSC1n or you receive materials in stock from production order or process order or purchase order goods receipt you can record values for these assigned characteristics only. See the illustration below: STEEL_BILLET_123 (Material Master) STEEL_CHEMISTRY (Class type 023) Carbon_Content (Characteristics) Si_Content (Characteristics) Mg_Content (Characteristics) S_Content (Characteristics) P_Content (Characteristics) Al_Content (Characteristics) Production Date (Characteristics) Production time (Characteristics) Production Line (Characteristics) Shelf Life (Characteristics) Characteristics have a predefined format (character alphanumeric or date or numeric format) and a predefined set of values in the form of direct values or in the form of allowed tolerance range or no values (without any values suggesting allowed for random value entry in batch). Note: There can be situations where the allowed tolerances changes material wise; in which case you can leave the values section in Characteristics as blank and maintain the required tolerances in the characteristics at the material master classification view for the batch class.
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