Flow Process Chart

It helps in setting out the sequence of the flow of a product or a procedure by recording all events under review using appropriate process chart symbols. It covers symbols for operation, inspection, storage, delay and transportation.

Types of Flow Process Charts (i) Flow process chart for workers: Presents the process in terms of activities of the person.

Definition (as per BS 3138) A process chart is setting out the sequence of flow of a product or a procedure by recording all events under review using appropriate process chart-symbols. This chart gives a record of all events associated with the worker.

Amount of Details Operation, inspection, movement and delay associated with the workers

Application Generally used as a principal means of recording work methods Helps to understand the overall nature of the system being studied

Helps to eliminate flow patterns that are not suitable Helps to allow storage space adequate to support the production rate Helps to eliminate costly errors by analyzing the material flow

Helps to allow adequate space to avoid safety problems Helps to locate and size aisles appropriate for product handled Helps to avoid backtracking of the material Helps to identify the possibility of combining operations by grouping different machines or operations to avoid handling, storage, and delays Helps to decide whether product flow or process flow layout of factory will be useful

Process Chart Symbol Process charts use five common symbols for recording the nature of events. These were developed by ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) in 1947.

1. Operation

This indicates steps in a process, methods or procedure. It represents the modification or change during an operation. Through each operation, the material, component, or service or assembly move towards completion. Operation is thus a value added activity. Some examples are shown in Figure 25.11

2. Inspection ? This indicates inspection, quality audit check for quality or examining an event. Inspection is a non-value added activity, as it is only a verification process.

3. Transportation

This indicates movement of material, workers, equipment or place of work. This is also a nonvalue added activity.

4. Delay

This indicates delay or temporary storage in-between a sequence of operations. This is a nonvalue added activity like waiting.

5. Storage

This indicates planned and controlled storage of material. Storage is different from temporary storage (in delay category) in the sense that here proper record of receipt and issue is maintained or atleast some authorization is maintained for storage.

6. Combined Symbols

This indicates that two operations (such as inspection and operation) are perform simultaneously.

In different forms of process charts, the relevance and use of these symbols are given in the Fig. 25.10. No entry against any chart indicates that this symbol is not commonly used in that chart.

Flow Process and Process Chart Symbols Process Chart Predominant

Result Symbol Outline Flow process chart Man type Operation Material type Operation Two handed (or operator)

Operation

Operation

Produces, Accomplishes, Furthers process the

? ?

Inspection

Transportation Inspection

Transportation Inspection

Transportation

Travels Verifies quantities and/or quality

Storage

Hold

Holds, Retains

Keeps,

Delay

Delay

Delay

Interferes Delays

or

Process chart symbols and some examples

Flow Process Chart

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