Chapter 5 Vocabulary

1. Tissues- group of similar cells that performs a specialized function

2. Epithelial Tissues- covers all free body surfaces
3. Simple Squamous Epithelium- consists of a single layer of thin, flattened
cells
4. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium- consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells
5. Simple Columnar Epithelium- elongated; composed of a single layer of cells
whose nuclei are usually located at about the same level near the basement
membrane
6. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium- appear layered; each cell has one
nucleus the layered effect occurs because the nuclei are located at two or
more levels within the cells of the tissue
7. Stratified Squamous Epithelium- makes the tissue thick; forms the outer
layer of the skin
8. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium- lines the larger ducts of the mammary
glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas
9. Stratified Columnar Epithelium- in the male urethra and vas deferens and in
parts of pancreas; layers of cells
10. Transitional Epithelium- specialized to change in response to increased
tension
11. Glandular Epithelium- composed of cells that are specialized to produce and
secrete substances
12. Exocrine Glands- gland that secretes its products into a duct or onto a
body surface
13. Endocrine Glands- gland that secretes hormones directly into the blood or
body fluids
14. Connective Tissues- one of the basic types of tissue that includes bone,
cartilage, and loose and fibrous connective tissue
15. Fibroblasts- cell that produces fibers in connective tissues
16. Macrophages- large phagocytic cell
17. Mast Cells- cell to which antibodies, formed in response to allergens,
attach, bursting the cell and releasing allergy mediators, which cause
symptoms
18. Collagenous Fibers- thick threads make from molecules of the protein
collagen
19. Tendons- cordlike or bandlike mass of white fibrous connective tissue that
connects a muscle to a bone
20. Elastic Fibers- composed of a protein called elastin
21. Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue- forms delicate, thin membranes
throughout the body
22. Adipose Tissue- fat-storing tissue
23. Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue- consists of many closely packed, thick,
Collagenous fibers and a fine network of elastic fibers
24. Ligaments- cord or sheet of connective tissue binding two or more bones at
a joint
25. Cartilage- type of connective tissue in which cells are within lacunae and
separated by a semisolid matrix
26. Chondrocytes- cartilage cell
27. Hyaline Cartilage- has very fine Collagenous fibers in its matrix and looks
somewhat like white plastic
28. Elastic Cartilage- contains a dense network of elastic fibers and thus is
more flexible than hyaline cartilage
29. Fibrocartilage- tough tissue contains many Collagenous fibers
30. Bone- most rigid connective tissue
31. Osteocytes- mature bone cell
32. Osteon- cylinder-shaped unit containing bone cells that surround an
osteonic canal; Haversian system
33. Blood- transports a variety of substances between interior body cells and
those that exchange with the external environment
34. Muscle Tissue- contractile tissue consisting of filaments of actin and
myosin, which slide past each other, shortening cells
35. Skeletal Muscle Tissue- type of muscle tissue in muscles attached to bones
36. Smooth Muscle Tissue- in walls of hollow viscera: visceral muscle
37. Cardiac Muscle Tissue- specialized muscle tissue found only in the heart
38. Nervous Tissues- neutrons and neuroglia
39. Neutrons- electrically neutral particle in atomic nucleus
40. Neuroglial Cells- specialized cell of the nervous system that produces
myelin, communicates between cells and maintains the ionic environment