Republic of the Philippines

Tarlac State University

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Tarlac City

Research Work

In

DATA
COMMUNICATIONS
Submitted by:
DON OVID E. LADORES
BS-ECE-4F

Submitted to:
ENGR. IDRIS JEFFREY MANGUERRA
Instructor- COMP 423
April 2009
 Digital Power Suppy (Microontroller Based Power Supply)

I- Introduction

All power supplies provide electrical energy to do work, but how the feat has been
accomplished over the centuries has varied considerably. The first power supplier was the
Leyden jar. Invented in 1745 by Pieter van Musschenbroek (1692–1761), in Leiden,,
it could store sizeable electric charges created by electrostatic devices, such as Alessandro
Volta's electrophorus. The charge could be drawn from the jar and put to work. In 1800,
Volta created the first battery, the "Voltaic pile." This reliable source of power produced
electricity by means of a chemical reaction. The first mechanical electrical generator
was invented by Michael Faraday in 1831. Joseph Henry and Faraday had
independently discovered that a moving magnetic field could create the flow of electricity
in a conductor. Faraday used this process of electrical induction to create an alternating
current power supply. Soon after, Hippolyte Pixii built a hand-driven generator that
produced alternating current (AC), and added a commutator to convert the power into
direct current (DC). In 1867, inventor Zénobe Gramme, using the principles established
by Henry and Faraday, built an improved dynamo for producing AC, and two years later
he improved the DC dynamo. The two methods of power production divided scientists,
with factions led by Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla. Edison's invention of the
incandescent light bulb in 1879 had created a demand for electricity, so he established a
DC-generated power supply company in New York City. Direct current power supplies
had two main disadvantages: power production was limited by arcing from the brushes
that drew electricity from the dynamo's rotor, and long-distance transmission was
prevented by resistance in electrical wires carrying the current. In 1884 Edison's plant
was supplying power to over 11,000 electric lights in 500 buildings, with another 60,000
buildings receiving power from individual generators Edison had supplied.

II- Content of Study Literature

Power supply is a reference to a source of electrical power. A device or system

that supplies electrical or other types of energy to an output load or group of loads is
called a power supply unit or PSU. The term is most commonly applied to electrical
energy supplies, less often to mechanical ones, and rarely to others. Conversion of one
form of electrical power to another desired form and voltage. This typically involves
converting 120 or 240 volt AC to a well-regulated lower voltage DC for electronic
devices. Low voltage, low power DC power supply units are commonly integrated with
the devices they supply, such as computers and household electronics. Programmable
power supplies are those in which the output voltage can be varied remotely. One
possible option is digital control by a computer interface. Variable properties include
voltage, current, and frequency. This type of supply is composed of a processor,
voltage/current programming circuits, current shunt, and voltage/current read-back
circuits. Programmable power supplies can furnish DC, AC, or both types of output. The
AC output can be either single-phase or three-phase. Single-phase is generally used for
low-voltage, while three-phase is more common for high-voltage power supplies. When
choosing a programmable power supply, several specifications should be considered. For
AC supplies, output voltage, voltage accuracy, output frequency, and output current are
important attributes. For DC supplies, output voltage, voltage accuracy, current, and
power are important characteristics. Many special features are also available, including
computer interface, over-current protection, over-voltage protection, short circuit
protection, and temperature compensation. Programmable power supplies also come in a
variety of forms. Some of those are modular, board-mounted, wall-mounted, and floor-
mounted or bench top. Programmable power supplies are now used in many applications.
Some examples include automated equipment testing, crystal growth monitoring, and
differential thermal analysis

III- Outcome

A very important device for hobby electronic is a reliable DC power supply.

Using a clever microcontroller based design, a power supply can be built which has more
features and is a lot cheaper. Digital signal processors may soon become standard chips in
ac/dc switchers and the like, to provide the kind of sophisticated control system originally
envisioned for the "digital power supply." The microcontroller based power SUPPLY is
developed with a view to make a flexible and an intelligent power supply controlled by a
microcontroller of 8051 family and to eliminate the drawbacks or limitations of the
existing systems. They are discussed. Most of the existing systems are hardwired and
expensive, which increases the production and procurement cost. The PCBs are larger
and complex because of low component integration. Due to hardwired logic the
flexibility is low and a particular PCB circumvents to the specified requirements only.
There is no room for change, as any modification in specification requires redesigning.
The system parameters such as battery charging voltage, current are not programmable.
They do not have the ability to generate logs or have periodic automatic self-testing
techniques. User interface is not that interactive or informative. Description: The design
of the microcontroller based power supply circuit satisfies the following requirements:
• Read the voltages at 8 given points.
• Indicate the battery or mains related errors on LCD or LED's and operate relevant
relays.
• Display the following parameter values--Error messages, Battery voltage, Battery
charging current, Output voltage, Load current, Battery temperature, System
temperature, Current time and date.
• Logging of upto 250 errors along with time and date of its occurrence in non-
volatile EEPROM.
• Editor to update certain parameters to enable the user meet his custom
requirements. These are--Temperature at which to switch on the fan, Maximum
Load Current and Maximum Battery Charging Current.
• Automatic testing of battery every 12 hrs.
References

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0VVT/is_8_2/ai_n24997972/
http://www.bookrags.com/research/power-supply-woi/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply
http://www.eetimes.com/op/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=18307859
http://www.linuxfocus.org/English/June2005/article379.shtml