Hurjui - Limba Engleza

ENGLISH PRACTICAL COURSE (I)
Lect. dr. Mariana HURJUI
CUPRINS
UNIT 1
MEETING PEOPLE
UNIT 2
THE PLACE OF WORK

UNIT 3
JOBS & CAREERS

UNIT 4
GETTING A JOB
UNIT 5
THE MEANING OF SUCCESS

UNIT 6
TEAMWORK & LEADERSHIP

APPENDIX 1 APPENDIX 2 Glossary of Specialised Terms
English practical course
ENGLISH PRACTICAL COURSE

English Practical Course is a set of texts designed for students who have reached a broadly intermediate level and wish to improve their communicative skills in English. Each unit of the course deals with a key topic of our everyday professional and social life and serves as an introduction to the English terminology related to this area . Aims of the course The overall purpose of the book is twofold: to offer students topics and basic vocabulary in the field of their professional life, and to present a range of work-related situations in the form of interaction patterns (group-work, pair work, class discussions) to contribute to the development of their communication skills. The language purpose lies in: the development of students reading, speaking, writing skills and their ability to express themselves accurately; the introduction and practice of the functional language required in everyday situations; the increase of students general vocabulary and idiomatic use of language; the development of studentsconfidence in written communication practice. Organisation of the units
Reading
The reading texts focus on major everyday work-related topics and match the needs and interest of those who want to learn more about the issues they are faced with in their job, career advancement, job search, motivation and leadership. Understanding the main points. Following each reading text, is a variety of text-comprehension tasks that require active rather than passive responses. This includes true/false statements, sentence completion, grid completion.
Vocabulary
This section practices the lexical items that have already been introduced in the Reading part, as well as general work related terms. The course contains various vocabulary-check exercises, such as gap-filling, multiple-choice completion, word formation, all of them designed to consolidate students career-related terminology.
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Grammar reference
The points of grammar are those that appear most frequently as problem areas of English grammar: present /past/passive voice are presented as brief summary of rules. They are related to the content of each unit and cover some of the main areas that students at this level continue to find problematic, such as: asking direct/ indirect questions, verb tenses, the passive etc. The Practice sub-section is meant to help the students internalise the structure and do some remedial grammar work. This section provides the student with the opportunity to develop the communicative abilities needed to function in the professional world and is intended for tutorials. This section comprises a language function part that highlights a variety of phrases and expressions used in meeting and greeting people, asking for and giving advice,making suggestions etc.
Communication Skills
Appendix 1
It includes a set of grammar exercises which are intended to be supplementary work for those who want to consolidate their knowledge of grammar. It comprises a list of irregular verbs and a glossary of the terms and phrases practiced in the reading text.
Appendix 2
UNIT 1
MEETING PEOPLE
1.1. Reading
Go through the following dialogues in which people are meeting and being introduced to each other and decide which one is formal, neutral or informal.
A
Scot Kate Scot Kate Scot Kate Scot Kate How do you do? My names Scot Deanly. How do you do? Im Kate Morrick. I work for Duncan & Pluck. We design and manufacture office equipment. Im the Sales Manager. Thats interesting. What about you ? Im a secretary to Mr. Jamson, the CEO of our company. We are in software. And where are you based ? In Sheffield. We have our central office there and two offices in Plymouth. And you?
B
Mr. Thatcher Id just like to introduce myself. My names Max Thatcher and Im a researcher at Blissfull pharmaceutical company. You may have heard about us. Ms. Brown Oh, yes. I have. How are you? Im Jane Brown and Im a Dean of The Hague University. I report to the Senior Vice President and I am responsible for providing administrative leadership for the university which is comprised of eleven departments. Now, give me an insight of your job.
Mr. Thatcher I see. And what are you in charge with and who do you report to? Ms. Brown
Mr. Thatcher Well, Im supposed to develop research projects and obtain associated finance from Government and industry sources.
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C
Tim Iris Tim Hi, Iris. Im Tim. Tim Brown. How are you? Havent seen you since yesterday when we met at the party. What are you doing here? Hello. Fine thanks. How are you? Im hanging around waiting for my friend to show up. Were going to a pub together. Arent you joining us? Well.., I dont know. Right now Im on my way to Victors to give him a lift to the airport. Hes flying to Prague tonight. But later on Ill pop in the pub. Bye. See you.
Iris
Complete the table below with the phrases used for introduction and greetings that you have found in the text. Supply other examples.
INTRODUCING YOURSELF
Good morning. May I introduce myself? My name is. FORMAL
Hello. Im Tim.. INFORMAL
GIVING DETAILS ABOUT YOU AND YOUR JOB For the moment I am a consultant with PM Morgan group..
1.2. Vocabulary
1.2.1. Complete the following sentences using suitable words or phrases from the box below. behaviour philosophy committed view resources background eager purpose
Paul Barton MA , Dip Tchg, , established Training for Change in 1994. His.1 is to offer training and facilitation services to corporate business in the area of human dynamics. Nick has a..2 in teaching, television production and corporate communications. From these experiences he has formed his.3. for his business: "the purpose of any initiative is to support people to change their 4 His5 is that most people do the best job they can with the resources they have. But many people in business have not been given the 6.necessary to carry out their roles effectively. By introducing more skills and strategies in a supportive environment, people are 7 to improve their own performance. He is also strongly .8 to ensuring that the services he provides meet the needs of the organisation concerned. "The key to any effective communications or training programme is to clearly define its purpose. Only then can you determine the most effective strategies to achieve that purpose."
1.3. Grammar Reference The Progressive Tenses

The progressive tenses are used to express an action in process or lasting for a limited time. The emphasis is on the continuity of the event. The progressive forms may appear in any of the simple tenses. The present continuous tense comprises two parts: To be + V-ing It is used to express: - an activity happening at the moment of speaking The Chancellor is delivering the annual speech on the performance of the university. We are writing a report on the increase in lateness of our staff. an activity happening around the time of speaking - Merchants are increasing retail sales by using catalogues. - The market outlook for our economy is getting better.
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an activity indicating a definite arrangement in the future - Im meeting the Accounting Manager next week. - Were presenting the results of the field work at next months meeting.
Practice
1.3.1. Make six sentences based on the following options.
Time expression
At present Currently Right now At the moment
Subject
they our staffs my Dean we
Present continuous
is explaining are expanding are improving is getting
Object
pay raise the rationale fast their work vocabulary
1.3.2. Read the following text. It contains five examples of the present continuous tense. Classify them according to different uses shown in the box below. The department is presently undergoing (1) major reorganisation. We are reducing (2) the number of office staff and relocating (3) some personnel in other departments. This month we are also advertising (4) for two new senior management posts. Our present director is leaving (5) at the end of the year. Activity at or around The time of speaking temporary activity in the present fixed arrangement in the future
1.3.3. Read the following dialogue. Michael: What are you doing now, John? John: I'm finishing preparations for our meeting tomorrow morning. Michael: Is Patrizia coming? John: Yes, she's arriving this evening. Michael: Oh good. What are you doing this evening? John: Nothing. Michael: Well, I'm meeting Felix, to discuss the trip to Japan next week. Could you join us?
John: Er, no, I don't think so ... Complete the following sentences: 1. Now John is ____________________________________________________ 2. Tomorrow morning, Michael, John and Patrizia ________________________ 3. Tonight Michael _________________________________________________ 4. Tonight John isn't ________________________________________________ 5. Next week they __________________________________________________ TRANSFER What are you doing now? What are you doing tomorrow? Think of a friend or colleague. What is he/she doing now? Where are you going on Tuesday next week? Are you working on any special project at the moment?
1.4. Communication Skills

1.4.1. Work in groups and exchange information on the following issues: In your workplace or place of study, who do you call by their first names, and who by their surname? When do you start calling a person by their first name? What is your experience following an introduction to a foreigner? Do you have stereotyped ideas about foreigners? What are the topics you do not usually talk about with a new acquaintance? 1.4.2. Work in pairs. Elicit from your partner some information concerning his/her behavior when meeting/greeting new visitors. The impression he/she tries to give to the people The impression he/she tries not to give His/her concern on the cultural differences The topics of interest that she/he brings up: politics/ sport/travel/business/ religion/ etc.
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UNIT 2
THE PLACE OF WORK
2.1. Reading Text A

The Chubb name is synonymous with security, and has been for 185 years. The brand has instant recognition and leadership positions in places as diverse as Sydney, Toronto, Hong Kong, London, Paris and Johannesburg. But the global business world demands more than a great tradition, and Chubb is transforming itself. Just three years ago, 70% of Chubbs turnover was derived from manufacturing today its less than 10%. Chubb is a company focused on the delivery of fire protection and security services. This includes the provision of electronic security and monitoring; fire detection and suppression; security personnel and rapid response. The delivery of this broad range of services involves dovetailing the latest technology with a high level of human skill, into solutions that suit our customers' requirements. Like all service providers, we have to be expert not just at what we do, but at understanding our clients needs, and giving them an experience of security which is seamless, reliable and cost-effective. This portfolio of fire and security services, the skill and expertise of our 48 000 people and the innovative technology-driven solutions we offer customers, has enabled Chubb to develop market leading positions in key geographic territories (http://www.chubb.co)
2.1. Comprehension Questions

Decide if the following statements are true or false? (v) T 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Chubb company produces photographic equipment. .... The companys reputation is restricted to a small geographic area....... Chubb has diversified its business in the last three years...... Chub takes great pride in being customer-oriented....... One can find the state of the art technology in Chubbs services...... ... .. ... ... .. F .. .. .. .. ..
2.2. Vocabulary
2.2.2. Complete the following sentences using suitable words or phrases from the box below. employees business 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. flexitime office workers responsible solicitor applicants VAT ask draw up
Setting up a.involves a lot of formalities. In my opinion,..are not paid very well ..is a tax on certain products and services sold by business. All companies should offer their.. free lunch. You are.for scheduling and processing orders My boss always .for the opinions of all the members of the department. It is advisable to choose your partners carefully and employ a..to draw up a partnership agreement. 8. A limited company is required to.a memorandum and articles of association. 9. At my workplace we have a..programme. 10. All the for the postgraduate degree on Communication should forward an original plus two copies of an application and resume`.
2.3. Grammar Reference The Present Simple

The Present Simple refers to regular events and permanent states or situations: I work for Goodyear Company and travel abroad a lot. You go to work by 8 oclock train every morning. We have a large shareholding in this firm. They are Senior managers and report to the Managing Director. In the affirmative the Present Simple adds an -s to the third person singular (he/she it): She asks for details of costs and insurance. He accepts the offer without any comment. It employs people regardless of age or background. Verbs ending in ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -o add es to form the third person Singular: The price goes up every month. She cashes in the bonds regularly. The secretary does the typing every other day.
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Verbs ending in a consonant +y change it into ies: He tries hard to meet the deadline. The Chartered Accountant carries all the files of the audit with him. Use the auxiliary do to ask questions and make negative statements: Do you write a monthly report? Do they understand what the lecture is about? Does she belong to the Purchasing Department? I do not (dont) usually invest in this type of company. The plant does not (doesnt) produce plastics.
Practice
2.3.1. Fill the gaps with a correct form of a verb from the list. The first is done as an example. Use Include do manufacture employ write hold receive produce suggest
1. The contract includes full insurance cover. 2. XXM plca wide range of health care products. 3. They.. the state-of-the-art technology in their plant. 4. His boss.. any experiment without consulting him first.(neg.) 5. XXM plc 125 people of different nationalities. 6. she usually the correspondence at week-ends? 7. Sometimes I.. him responsible for the bad results. 8. you. we should change our priorities? 9. The company.. the same range of products .(negative) 10. He always.. a lot of enquiries on the fair trades. 2.3.2. Make sentences using the given prompts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Our company/have/good/results /every year. Whenever/he/visit/ Japan/stay/the Intercontinental Hotel. If you/want/results/communication/language/learn/foreign. M&G/be/multinational company/branches/world. The members/have/team/ meeting/Saturday/on. The Principal/want/my school/project/supervise/this year. Board of Directors/assure/our /good/office equipment/condition. Each time/he/draw up/contract/never/forget/penalty clause. This/not mean/we/want/cancel/meeting/shareholders.
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2.3.3. Speaking. Pair work. The flow chart below summarises the information exchanged between Mr Baker, a local businessman, and Mr Smith, the spokesman of XXM Plc. Use it to create a short dialogue with your partner. Mr Baker Ask what type of organisation is Ask about the turnover and profit Ask about the shareholdings of directors and their total share volume Ask about the numbers of employees Ask about the trade fairs and exhibitions Mr Smith Public limited company $ 500m 49% 1500 40
2.4. Speaking / Writing

You have decided to start your own business and need specialised advice from a bank. They have asked you to draw up a business plan offering detailed information on your proposed business. Below you have a sketchy sample of the information you will be asked to give. Work in small groups. Think and talk on each of the points below. When you have decided on all the aspects of your business, get it down on paper.
BUSINESS PLAN
1. Who you are Name of business_____________________________________________ Date business commenced______________________________________ Legal status (eg sole trader, partnership, limited company)_____________ Principal activity______________________________________________ Business address______________________________________________ 2. Personal details Work experience______________________________________________ Previous employment___________________________________________
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3. Key personnel Number of people/Qualification/ Job position_________________________ 4. Products and services Description/Promotional brochures/Suppliers___________________________ 5. Market Market research/Customers/Competition/Advantages of your product or service over the competition/Pricing_________________________________________ 6. Promotion Levels of sales anticipated/method/Cost________________________________ 7. Plant, machinery, equipment Location/Size/Life expectancy/Value___________________________________ 8. Financial information Start-up costs/Your own contribution/Financial projections/Gross margin___________________________________________
Profit/Profit
Reading Text B
Surviving The First Day At Work Pitfalls to watch out for, questions to ask, and what you should know on your first day at work. By Kristen Gustafson
Some paragraphs have been removed from the following text. Read the text and replace the missing paragraphs (A-E) in the correct place. Check your answers with your colleague. The first day on a new job is a lot like the first day of school. You have to find the bathrooms and the cafeteria, get all your supplies, meet new people, and maybe do some work. Many new college graduates say that the first day of work is the hardest, because they dont know what to expect. Will I be forced to regurgitate everything I learned in Marketing 101? Will my boss be a tyrant? Will I be late and forever labeled a slacker? 1_____________________________________________________________________
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You may be in a probationary period for the first few months of a new job, and watched more closely than other employees. Be ready to workand learnon day one. You have a degree, but are starting at the bottom, and have a lot to learn. Accept that, and look at every assignment as an opportunity to learn something. 2_____________________________________________________________________ It said functionally fluent in Japanese on my rsum, says Kevin Donlin, founder of Guaranteed Rsums, a consulting firm. On my first day, I was approached by a woman speaking Japanese. Fortunately, everything on my rsum was truthful, and we struck up a conversation, impressing my boss. Beyond having to prove yourself, youll encounter office politics. Someone may immediately try to be your best friend. Be polite, but not overly friendly. 3_____________________________________________________________________ By the end of the first day, you should: Be able to find the bathroom, break room, supplies, the photocopier and fax Know your contact numbers Know the names and roles of your co-workers Know your responsibilities and major projects Carry a note pad to jot down important information. 4_____________________________________________________________________ Ask the human resources office about insurance plan options and costs; pay schedule; 401(k) plans; vacation, holiday and sick days; and how to call in late or sick. Ask co-workers about the corporate culture. When do they take lunch? Out or at their desks? Where are the good delis and dry cleaners? Watch to see if they work quietly or chat across cubicles. When you meet with your boss, ask about your job responsibilities and projects. Ask about upcoming deadlines, the chain of command, and where you can get information and help, and how you should give updates. Get contact information for any key outside vendors and clients youll be working with. 5_____________________________________________________________________ http://www.youngmoney.com)
A That person may be on the outs with the boss, trying to curry favor by helping the new person, and thus insincere. Or, they could be an office pariah, and associating yourself too early on may keep you from developing other beneficial relationships. Let relationships develop over time.
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B And about that degree: You may have been hired without validation of your credentials, but many managers will provide a summary of a new hires skills and experience to their departments. If anything you claimed isnt true, it could spell disaster. C So, now that youre here, do you have any questions? You should have lots of them! D With all of the meetings and things to learn, your first day will pass quickly, and youll likely go home feeling like you accomplished nothing. But you only have to do the first day once. Youll soon ease into a routine, and start building the career you worked towards for four long years. E That first day can seem overwhelming, but knowing some basic workplace rules will help you survive.
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UNIT 3
JOBS & CAREERS
3.1. Reading 9/11 Alters Students' Career Strategy

By Jennifer MacNeil, New York University You always knew it was a good idea to stay in school, but recent problems with the economy are making it just a bit more important. Due to post-September hiring freezes, layoffs and a general decrease in employment of new college graduates, students are changing their career strategies before they even start the job hunt. The most common plan of attack seems to be choosing the right major, according to professional career advisers. But what are those majors, and how exactly will they help students avoid the landmines of unemployment? Annette Rothman, a recent graduate of New York University's Wagner School of Public Policy, was recruited by a specialized government agency upon completing the school's master's program. With an undergraduate major in political science, Rothman originally thought she would earn a Ph.D. and become a college professor. Rothman said that she has always known that her major is highly competitive and that students don't always get what they want. Traditionally, the job market for political science majors leads to restaurant work, bartending, or Wal-Mart, said Rothman. So after graduating from the University of Nebraska, she headed for the NYU program, hoping to stave off a few years of unemployment and to make herself more marketable for high-paying jobs. In September, Rothman, 24, will begin work in Washington D.C. instead of attending a Ph.D. program in Boston as she had originally planned. In the back of my mind I always knew that a political science major [might] lead to an exciting job, like intelligence work, she said. [But] they do look for all types of majors: math, sciences, languages.
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Like Rothman, more and more college graduates are opting to further their education by earning advanced degrees in political, medical, legal and technological fields. Tracey Martin, a career counselor at Maryland's Goucher College, says that graduate school has become an attractive alternative for students who feel that their undergraduate major doesn't meet the needs of the current competitive job market. Any time the job market takes a turn for the worse, you see more students entering graduate programs, she said. Martin said that even though Goucher is a small liberal arts school, students are still aware of the more practical majors that will be of greater use to them in four years. Accounting, economics -and marketing are still some of the best majors in terms of sought-after job candidates, she said. According to the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE), employment for graduates in 2002 is down 36.5 percent from 2001. While employment rates in service, non-profit and manufacturing industries are an average of 35 percent lower than last year, government agencies are the exception, seeking to employ 16.2 percent more recent graduates than in 2001. Steven Rothberg, President and Founder of Minneapolis-based CollegeRecruiter.com, said he has seen an increase in availability of jobs relating to finance and communication technology, and that students with majors in those fields tend to fill positions more rapidly now than in previous years. But Rothberg stresses that while demand for fine arts majors is not as high as other specialties, CollegeRecruiter.com has had success finding jobs for students with artistic interests. College Recruiter.com, as well as job search sites such as hotjobs.com and monster.com, offers a multitude of resources besides job placement which Rothberg says are valuable no matter what a candidate's major or interests. Although we may not have positions available that match the interest of every candidate, chances are we do have career related content that will be of use to them said Rothberg. There are 700 pages of career related material [such as rsum tips and interview coaching]. Candidates just need to be resourceful and open-minded. If recruiters want them, they'll find them. http://www.youngmoney.com)
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1. What effects did the 11 Sept. terrorist attacks have on the American job market? 2. How does the worsening of the job market affect the students career strategy? 3. What are the most competitive majors mentioned in the article? 4. What are the employment chances of an undergraduate major as compared to a master graduate?
3.2. Vocabulary
Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, or C) best fits each gap. There are certain ways to distinguish yourself at a career fair, some more distinguishable than others but not (1)in the best way. True story: I was working at a career fair and one gentleman in particular stood out. It seems this engineer was meeting and (2) a number of recruiters, going from booth to booth ...(3) hands, introducing himself and dropping off his resume. He was well-groomed with a professional (4) and had obviously practiced his pitch to a fine polish. His resume was clean, nicely formatted and well-written. So why was this guy the..(5) of the career fair? Not because he walked away with a job. But because of the way he presented his resume. In his .(6). he carried dozens of large walnut shells, and inside each shell was a folded copy of his resume. After greeting each recruiter, he handed them a shell and said, "This is me in a nutshell." 1. A probably 2. A greeting 3. A. striking 4. A. face 5. A talk 6. A suitcase B. necessarily B. introducing B. holding B. apparence B. gossip B. folder C. undoubtedly C. presenting C. shaking C. silhouette C. rumour C. briefcase
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3.3. Grammar Refernce The Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect links the past to the present. Its meaning implies a strong connection to the present, rather than the past. The present perfect tense is formed with: have/has + V3 (past part.) Affirmative I/you/we/they have written the report. He/she has not written the report. Negative I/you/we/they have not written the report. He/she has not written the report? Interrogative Have I/you/we/they written the report? Has he/she written the report.
The present perfect tense is used to express: - an activity performed at some non-specific time in the past with results in the present or future: The company has registered an increase in productivity.(consequently, the productivity is bigger). - an activity performed in a period of time which is not finished: We have set up two new outlets this year. (the year is not yet finished) - an activity which started in the past and continues to the present. She has been with AT&T for ten years.(she is still working there) The time adverbs associated with the present perfect are: this morning, this year, recently, lately, so far, yet, since (indicates the beginning of the period of time), for (indicates the length of the period of time), never, ever, already etc.
Practice
3.3.1. Read the newspaper article and put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect tense. Over the last decade or so the country______1 (undergo) a remarkable transformation. An economic recovery program launched in 1983______2 (pull) the country back from the brink ruin and, through a series of free market reforms, replaced more than ten years of decline with an impressive decade-long, annual gross rate of 5 percent. The once
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bare shelves of the capitals shop are now well-stocked. Prices_________3 (to be free), trade and foreign exchange liberalised, and the banking system improved. A privatisation program is in progress, the stock exchange______4 (open), and the country has been opened to foreign investors. At the same time, the country _______5 (make) successfully the transition to democracy and with election due again this November, President J.M. is hoping for a second term as elected president. 3.3.2. Choose the correct verb form in the following sentences: 1. We _________not our supplier for over a year. a. changed b. change c. has changed 2. Porsche_________a serious of marketing and engineering blunders in the 1980s a. is making b. made c. has made 3. Yesterday, I told you on the phone that the launch _______ rather low-key. a. was b. is c. has been 4. Since 1989 the university _______its number of students by more than 20%. a. increase b. has increased c. increased 5. The recession______1. to redundancies and to re-organisation. This, coupled with instability,_______2. progress on many of the quality initiatives over the past two years. a/1. lead b/1. has lead c/1. is leading a/2. has inhibited b/2. will inhibit c/2. inhibited 6. Since the 1990s many universities _____quality within the broader educational framework of their institutions. a. placed b. place c. have placed
3.4. Communication Skills 3.4.1. Reading/speaking

First, read the career descriptions of three working professionals. Then, look at the list of factors (a-h) that might be considered when choosing a career. In pairs, discuss and establish which of them are to be found in each description.
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Name: Ana Milicevic Job: IT Specialist Salary: $78,000 Home: New York, N.Y. Milicevic maintains the technological aspects for UNICEF, the children's charity division of the United Nations, dealing with everything from website problems to inhouse data processing software. Before coming to the U.S. in June 2001, Milicevic studied computer science at the American University in Bulgaria. It's the best school of its kind in Europe, she said. It was all state of the art and the classes were taught by people who knew about the new technology. We weren't working with 50-year-old computers. That's what really made the difference. Now, the New Jersey resident, 27, looks forward to staying at UNICEF long-term and assisting with an upcoming program to educate third-world children on the existence of AIDS. It's an important topic, said Milicevic. I feel lucky to be a part of it.
Name: Claire Heath Job: Photographer Salary: Varies Home: Dallas, Texas When Heath was 32, she decided to pursue a college education in the art that had possessed so many of her family members: photography. She knew she had a knack for it, and decided that formal classes at her local community college in Dallas would be the best way to go. Today, Heath runs her own successful studio out of the home that she shares with her husband and two teenage children. Friends started seeing my work, and they wanted me to photograph their children, said Heath, who had never really intended to turn her art into a business. I was scared to [turn professional] but as it went on, I was making really nice photographs. I guess I got into the business kind of backwards. With a couple of years in the business under her belt, Heath has developed a stable of devoted clientele, and shoots everything from still live art shots, dance recitals, yearbook photos and family portraits.
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Name: Patrick Emanuel Job: Pathologist Salary: $45,000 Home: New York City, N.Y. For Patrick Emanuel, the decision to become a doctor was simply the next logical step in his education. In his native New Zealand, doctors enter a six-year medical training program directly out of high school. Emanuel started working as a surgeon but eventually switched to pathology, a much more cerebral profession with a steady schedule and a lot less pressure, which pays roughly $45,000 for third-year residents like Emanuel. I do mostly autopsy work on AIDS patients and on patients who have died in the hospital, said Emanuel. That means doing organ removals and lots of time spent hovering over a microscope, trying to differentiate various organisms, viruses and bacteria. Emanuel's job has its share of strange hazards. After my first ever autopsy, I had put the organs of the patient into a vat, and when I went to put it on the shelf, there wasn't any room. So I tried to squeeze it in, but the shelf broke and all the other vats came spilling onto me. I was covered in organs. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. move to live abroad have a job for life spend hours commuting gain sound academic training work as his/her own employer work as an employee have a clear cut idea about what career to follow keep high interest in the job
3.4.2. Speaking/group work Stay in groups of four. Start up a dialogue on the following contentions about choosing a job and a career. Decide which of the opinions you can agree on. Then report your conclusions to the class. Be careful with the way you express your point of view. Use some of the expressions below.
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Asking for and giving opinions
strongly Are you absolutely sure /positive that? I strongly believe that.. I really do think that I believe that To my mind
Do you consider that?
I have no doubt that
Would I be right in thinking that..?
Dont you think that?
As I see it I tend to think that Weakly
When deciding on a career you have to follow your instinct/ talents people should first look for salary and perks only fully determined persons can have a successful career people are more concerned about job security than job satisfaction skills are more important than education
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UNIT 4
GETTING A JOB
41. Reading
Read at the job advertisements (A,B,C) below and prepare to answer the questions at the end:
A
Administrative Assistant / Human Resource Recruiter
Company: Cornell Companies Location: US-PA-South Mountain Base Pay: $10/Hour Employee Type: Full-Time Employee Government - Civil Service Industry: Law Enforcement - Military Security Admin - Clerical Job Type: General Business Human Resources Required Education: Contact Company Required Experience: Less Than 1 Year Required Travel: Negligible Relocation Covered: No
Apply Now using one of your already posted Resumes, or post a Resume and Apply Now.
Send your Cover Letter and Resume your own way using your private email account.
Description Administrative Assistant / Human Resource Recruiter REPORTS TO: Human Resource Coordinator GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES: Operate telephone system and performs recruiting duties for facility. SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES: Routes incoming calls and records messages; operates telephone system. Greets and announces visitors. Composes and constructs business and professional letters/reports to support operation of the Human Resource Office, utilizing Word Perfect or Microsoft Word. Maintain Career Link postings on a weekly basis.
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Collecting resumes sent to company via e-mail, fax or mail. Maintain various job postings on the internet. Placing newspaper ads as needed. Setting up interviews. Pre-sort resumes. Resume searches on internet (Zillion Resumes, Career Link, etc.). Set up job fairs as necessary (both company sponsored and others). Establish contact / relationship with job centers. Establish contact / relationship with schools. o Set up on-site interviews / speaking engagements. o Reservations for college job fairs. o Work with Career Development Centers and access their resources. o Establish relationship with department heads. Work with Chamber of Commerce. Keep spreadsheet on resumes / applications / interviews & out comes. Maintain applicant tracking log. Send rejection letters. Assist new hires in re-location / transitions. Initial contact / support / follow up: overall point of contact for new hires. Manage relocation reimbursement issues. Serve as point of contact / liaison for new hires in training. Recruiting from Reserves / National Guard / active duty. Recruit through industry related organizations. Send materials to new hires. Send recruiting materials to colleges / job centers etc. Promotional recruiting items. Develop brochures / fliers. (video) Make job offers. Meet once weekly for "recruitment meeting". (Mondays) Serves as back up to HR. Compile list of South Mountain alumni. Staff recruitment incentives promotion. o Different promotions. o Organizes information for Abraxas newsletter. o Performs other duties as required.
Requirements
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: At least 21 years of age. Business school graduate. OR High school graduate, OR GED, with at least three years of secretarial experience. OR Combination of education and experience as approved by Human Resources. Excellent related word processing and spreadsheet skills (WordPerfect, Lotus, Microsoft Word and Excel). Ability to compose and edit correspondence and reports. Ability to prioritize and meet deadlines in high-volume work environment. Valid Pennsylvania driver's license. Act 33/34 Clearance.
Career Builder Related Terms: clerical, administrative assistant, receptionist, data entry, secretary, admin, executive assistant, secretarial, admin. Assist
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Contact Information Company: Contact: Email: Phone: Fax: Ref ID: Cornell Companies Don Grove Send Email Now 717-749-7440 Not Available Not Available
Send this Job to a Friend Save This Job
B
Kentucky Wesleyan College
Director of College Relations and Development
KWC invites applications for the position of Director of College Relations and Development. The director reports to the president and serves as an integral member of the colleges executive staff. The director will be responsible for leading the colleges advancement program including alumni relations, public relations and development. Kentucky Wesleyan College is a private liberal arts college related to the United Methodist Church with an enrolment of 725. The college serves primarily residential students and is located in Kentuckys third largest city.
A bachelors degree and a minimum of five years of progressively more responsible experience, including successful leadership of a strong annual giving program, is required. Submit resume and references to the President, Kentucky Wesleyan College, and P.O. BOX 1039, OWENSBORO, KENTUCKY 42302-1039. EOE.
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Mariana HURJUI
C
UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT ASSISTANT DIRECTOR REREATIONAL SPORTS & INTRAMURALS
Responsibilities: include planning, implementing, and supervising intramurals, recreation, fitness, informal sports, and summer activities; hiring, evaluating and supervising staff; scheduling of facilities; preparing budgets and reports; developing campus liaisons; teaching basic instruction classes as assigned; and performing other duties as assigned. Qualifications: Bachelors Degree in Physical education, Recreation, or related field. Masters Degree and recreational experience desired. Remuneration: The salary for this 12-month appointment will be commensurate with experience and qualifications. Applicatons: Interested candidates should send a cover letter and resume to; Sally Guerette Assistant Director of Athletics Patrick Gym- UVM Burlington, VT 05405 Deadline for applications: August 19, 2002
EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. What is the source of the advertisements? Who placed the job advertisement? What job is being offered? In what sector of activity? What are the requirements for the job? Where is the company/institution located? What other specifications are there mentioned?
4.1. What differences do you notice about the three advertisements?. Think of the source, attractiveness, layout, etc. Advantages Disadvantages
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Vocabulary
4.2.1. Match the words from the text with their corresponding definitions. 1. overall 2. thorough 3. compatibility 4. liaison 5. reliability 6. assign 7. alumni 8. appropriateness a. to give smb. a job to do b. including everything or the whole of smth. c. a man who used to be a student of a university d. smth. done very carefully and methodically e. smth. that is correct, suitable, or acceptable f. to live, exist, to be used together without difficulty g. cooperation between different organisations/sectors h. that can be relied on, dependable, trustworthy
4.3. Grammar Reference The Passive Voice

The passive voice is used whenever the subject of the active sentence is either unknown or unimportant.
Structure
SUBJECT +
TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
THE PUBLISHING HOUSE. THE ARTICLE
BOOK
IS
PRINTED
BY OUR
WAS
WRITTEN
IN THE 1960s.
Only transitive verbs can have the passive : A lot of books will be bought at the next book fair.(tr. Verb) They arrived at the meeting in due time. (intr. Verb) We use the passive in the following situations: when it is not so important who or what did the action Our article was published in the latest issue of the magazine. -when the subject of the active sentence is vague like someone, somebody, one, they The truth can never be told. (One can never tell the truth.)
Practice
4.3.1. Transform the following sentences from active into passive voice. 1. The students receive their study material at the beginning of each semester. 2. The Dean cancelled the meeting because of poor attendance. 3. Our library does not charge high extra fees for late returns.
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Mariana HURJUI
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Their company offers a large range of products in the sales seasons. Undergraduates must hand in the term papers in due time. You can buy all sorts of perfume from the duty-free shop. The classified ads offer a variety of attractive workplaces. Someone delivered the mail two hours ago
4.3.2 Choose the active or passive form of the verb given on the right hand side and write the proper form in the blank space. 1. design The first phase of the programme, which started ten years ago_________to be a long-term, sustained campaign to secure the implementation of quality educational services in universities all over the country. 2. make Every month the regional coordinators_________spot visits to each of the schools to check their general performance. 3. set up The first objectives that _________to pursue TQM goals was establishing standards via action plans for both departments and individuals. 4. convey Chancellor. The staff members comments from the meetings ________to the
5. provide The studies on organisational culture_________assistance on the implementation of TQM, emphasising not only education and leadership, but also HR policies and the general work environment. 6. be acquainted For the last three years our Dean _________with Ron Debly, Director of Quality Council for the Ministry of Education. 7. draw up We have decided that next years report _______ by all the staff involved in the quality deployment programme. 8. realize Since 1982, when the book was published, it __________ that continuous improvement has a firm link to learning. 9. score IBM quality programmes ________great and rapid successes that were multiplied across the companys global operation. 10. change She has just explained that in her faculty the entrance standards __________ drastically. 11. focus The teams now _________most of their attention on goal-setting to achieve the department plan. 12. achieve Provided people understand goals and are properly empowered and trained enormous improvements can __________.
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4.4. Communication Skills

A letter of application (or cover letter) always accompanies a CV and has the same importance in selling your image. It represents the first direct contact between an applicant and an employer. Therefore, utmost attention and care must be given to its layout and style . 4.4.1 First study the structure of the following letter of application. Then, you are given the mixed parts of an authentic application letter. In pairs, decide on the right order.
Your Street Address City, Code Telephone Number Email Address Month, Day, Year Mr./Ms./Dr. Name Title Name of Organization Street or P. O. Box Address City, Dear Mr./Ms./Dr.: 1st paragraph State why you are writing; how you learned of the organization or position 2nd paragraph: Say why you are interested in the employer or type of work and relate your background to it Mention specific qualifications which make you a good fit for the employers needs. This is a good opportunity to explain in more detail relevant items in your resume. Show what you can contribute to the job by emphasizing on your most relevant skills and experience. 3rd paragraph: Indicate your willingness to attend an interview. Give your phone number Thank the employer for her/his consideration. Sincerely, (Your handwritten signature) Your name typed Enclosure(s)
1000 Terrace View Apts. (540) 555-4523 March 25, 2000 email: stuvw@vt.edu A
I read in the March 24th Washington Post classified section of your need for a Civil Engineer or Building Construction graduate for one of your Washington, DC, area sites. I will be returning to the Washington area after graduation in May and believe that I have the necessary credentials for the project.
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In addition to this practical experience, I will complete the requirements for my Building Construction degree in May. As you may know, Virginia Tech in one of the few universities in the country that offers such a specialized degree for the construction industry. I am confident that my Building Construction degree, along with my years of construction industry experience, make me an excellent candidate for your job.
Mr. John Wilson Personnel Director Anderson Construction Company 3507 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20895
I read in the March 24th Washington Post classified section of your need for a Civil Engineer or Building Construction graduate for one of your Washington, DC, area sites. I will be returning to the Washington area after graduation in May and believe that I have the necessary credentials for the project. E
The Anderson Construction Company projects are familiar to me, and my aspiration is to work for a company that has your excellent reputation. I would welcome the opportunity to interview with you. I will be in the Washington area during the week of April 12th and would be available to speak with you at that time. In the next week to ten days I will contact you to answer any questions you may have. F
Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely,
Steve Mason Enclosure G
I have worked at various levels in the construction industry every summer since the 8th grade. As you can see from my resume, I worked several summers as a general laborer, gradually moved up to a carpenter, and last summer I worked as assistant construction manager on a 100 million dollar job. H
Dear Mr. Webb: J
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UNIT 5
THE MEANING OF SUCCESS
5.1. Reading
In Search of Leadership: From New York Times to Women on Corporate Boards
To Arthur Sulzberger Jr., chairman and publisher of the New York Times Co., the terror attacks of Sept. 11 were not only the story of a lifetime, but a test of leadership skills that had been under development for more than a decade. Already facing the worst advertising decline since 1938, the Times managed to publish on Sept. 12, get through subsequent anthrax threats and go on to win seven Pulitzer Prizes this spring, more than double the previous record of any newspaper. "Our response was driven by core values that had been created and enunciated long before those planes slammed into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon," said Sulzberger during the annual Wharton Leadership Conference titled, "Leading in All Directions." For Sulzberger, the path to leadership was present at birth. He is the fourth member of his family to run the Times. After a decade as a reporter, he moved into his first general management job in 1987, as the paper was about to embark on a 10-year plan that included development of a six-section color newspaper and construction of two new printing plants. Following five years of growth, the company was hit hard by the 1987 stock market crash. However, the biggest obstacle to executing the plan was the Times' internal culture, said Sulzberger. "We knew that the Times was often too slow to change, too set in its ways, too hierarchically based. We needed to change all of this, but in a way that preserved our core values." The company hired consultants, including W. Edwards Deming, but by 1992 it became obvious that the Times would need to change from within. The problems ran deep.
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"Our newspaper was mired in a silo-based mentality which for years had fostered a culture of mistrust and antagonism," said Sulzberger. For example, the man in circulation responsible every day for sending the production department a memo on how many newspapers to print had never met the man who took the number. Both men had worked at the paper for 20 years and sat two floors away from each other. Sulzberger set up a series of retreats to confront what he said was a paralyzing, fearbased culture. The first meeting was brutally honest as executives finally dealt with what Sulzberger calls "moose" issues. Moose issues are those that everyone in the organization knows are problems, but are afraid to discuss openly. By the time the terrorist attacks occurred in September, Sulzberger said, the company had established enough communication and trust between departments that editor Howell Raines made the decision to throw out nearly every ad in the front section of the Sept. 12 paper without even calling the business side of the organization. "He didn't have to," Sulzberger noted. "We knew what the values were and we agreed. It didn't have to be a conversation." This year, the New York Times Co. ranked first in profits as a percent of revenue in its industry according to the Fortune 500 rankings. It was second in return on assets for its industry in 2001 and first in earning per share growth from 1991 to 2001. (source:http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu)

5.2.1.Complete the following sentences with your own words. 1. The terror attacks of Sept. 11 represented a cornerstone in the life of Arthur Sulzberger Jr . because.. 2. Arthur Sulzberger s concept of leadership focuses on.. 3. He is an inborn leader since 4. The process of restructuring the management of the New York Times Co. consisted of
Vocabulary
5.2.2. Match the words from the text with their corresponding definitions. 1. skill a. a note from one person or office to another within the same organization
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2. to embark on 3. crash 4. to hire 5. mentality 6. memo 7. to set up 8. to rank
b. sudden severe business failure c. an ability to do something very well d. to have a particular position on a scale e. to start smth. new, exciting h. to employ someone to work for you i. someones character and ways of thinking j. to establish a new business
5.3. Language Reference The Past Tense

The simple past is used for actions completed in the past at a definite time. With regular verbs it is formed by adding ed to the infinitive. The prices dropped by 3% last month. During the year we carried out a new market survey The inflation increased dramatically two years ago. The irregular verbs vary considerably in their past forms. (See appendix 1) Infinitive: to see to grow to cost We saw no improvements during our stay in the company. The investments grew significantly last week The setting up of his new business cost him $ 2500.
The negative and interrogative of both regular and irregular verbs are formed with did not (didnt) +infinitive and did + subject + infinitive, respectively. The prices didnt drop by 3% last month. Did the prices drop by 3% last year? During the year we didnt carry out a new market survey. Did we carry out a new market survey last year? The past continuous is used to provide a past time frame for another activity. It comprises two parts: the past tense of to be + V1ing The economy was beginning to improve when we launched the product. We were trying to reach an agreement, when they burst into the room. While they were engaged in negotiating the terms, she was eavesdropping.
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Mariana HURJUI
Practice
5.3.1. Read the text below about cultural adaptation in an international environment. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple. An American businessman was making a presentation to a group of international executives. During the course of his presentation he presented the so-what?test. It soon simple __________(become) clarifying obvious the that speaker the Japanese members to the of the audience_________(be) absolutely baffled by so-what? as a concept. To try to offer a illustration, ________(say) Japanese businesspeople, Imagine someone __________(walk) into your office and ________(tell) you `It is raining outside`. What would you say to that? The Japanese members around the table _________(sit) silently. After several minutes of silence, one of them __________(reply), Id say, `Thank you`. Later during a recess in the program, another Japanese manager, who _______(be) more Westernized, ________(explain) to the surprised speaker that the basis for this answer_________(lie) in the Japanese concept of teamwork. If someone were to come into a Japanese managers office to tell him or her that it was raining outside, the answer clearly would be Thank you. Why? Because the manager would be absolutely certain that the information was given for a purpose and that the purpose would be revealed in good time. 5.3.2. Pair Work. Take turns in asking and answering about things that happened in each others life some time ago. Follow the given example: A: When did you join our company? A: What assignment did your boss give you last month ? 5.3.3. Below you have Edward Demings career history. Read it and prepare to ask question and give answers using the information in the text. Pay attention to the verb form in the past simple interrogative and affirmative! B: Two weeks ago. B: To supervise the project development.
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1900 Born in Boston, USA 1921 Graduate University of Wyoming. Studies in Electrical Engineering. Ph.D. in mathematical physics From Yale University 1922-1926 Works at the Western Electric Hawthorne plant in Chicago. Becomes acquainted with Shewharts statistical control theory.
1939-1940 US government job. Works on data for national census. 1942 Sets up courses to teach Shewharts statistical method to industrialists and engineers. 1950 First visit to Japan. Embarks on a series of lectures to engineers. Makes an outstanding contribution to quality development in Japan.
5.3.4. You have eight examples of word collocations (i.e.words which regularly occur in combination with other words). The verbs are missing. Find them and give the correct form of the simple past and past participle. Infinitive Do business 1_____ a target 2_____bankrupt 3_____a firm 4_____an experiment 5_____into force 6_____a conclusion 7_____money 8_____a deadline Simple past did wonders _____a price _____on holiday _____a campaign _____suggestion _____to terms with _____ smbs attention _____an objection _____a requirement Past participle done a favour ______an example ______on strike ______a car ______a proposal ______to life ______ funds ______capital ______a customer
5.3.5. Match each sentence in column A with two appropriate sentences in column B. Example: I wanted to hand in the report when he stopped me. while he was seeing him off.
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Mariana HURJUI
A 1. She decided to place an order. 2. I offered him a job promotion. 3. They cleaned the mass.
B a. b. c. d. e. f. g. when she heard about the launch of the product. while she was visiting the shop-floor. because he was the most competent in this field. while he was making up his mind to leave us. because we couldnt work in such a nasty place. while she was writing the fine form. They were in the process of implementing the new technology. h. We were looking for a bank loan.
4. When XXM plc. bought the company.
5.4. Writing
Think of a past experience. Write eight sentences describing events affecting your professional life. Make use of the past tense simple and continuous.
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UNIT 6
TEAMWORK & LEADERSHIP
6.1. Reading
The implementation of TQM is viewed as a long-term challenge for the organisation, with far-reaching implications for the management style and organisational culture. Teamwork approach constitutes an essential component of TQM because it contributes to the improvement of process problem solving in an organisation. Its benefits lie in that it fosters knowledge-sharing and a better communication, it increases employees commitment to common goals and, most of all, it develops professional and personal growth. To be successful a team needs good management. The literature devoted to the psychology of teams and man management agrees that there are two main issues central to teamwork: leadership and motivation. John Adair, a pioneering British thinker in the theory and practice of leadership, developed in the 1960s a model for teamwork and leadership. He has defined leadership in terms of three overlapping circles, which interrelate the achievement of a Task to the needs of the Team and the needs of the Individual. The central area they share together illustrates the unity of leadership: a single action can be multi-functional, equally affecting any of the three areas. In a business that is implementing TQM this area is referred to as action to change area. It represents the very heart where, through teamwork, TQM can change a business from usual into TQM-based business.
Task needs
Team needs
Individual needs
By Adairs model a leader should strike the balance between the common needs of the three overlapping areas. In Understanding Motivation (1990) Adair identified six functions of leadership: Planning (looking for available information; establishing group task or goals; designing a workable plan)
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Mariana HURJUI
Initiating (briefing the group; allocating tasks; setting group standards) Controlling (maintaining group standards; ensuring progress towards objectives; stimulating groups to actions and decisions) Supporting (expressing recognition of individual contribution; encouraging and disciplining; creating team spirit; settling disagreements) Informing (clarifying task and plan; providing new information to the group; collecting/summarising ideas and suggestions/ Evaluating (checking feasibility of an idea; testing consequences; evaluating group performance; helping group for self-evaluation)
Adairs concept of Action-Centred Leadership (ACL) distils much of the management thinking charted by Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg, incorporating it into a comprehensive theory.
6.2. Understanding The Main Poins

6.2.1. Decide whether the statements are true (T), false (F) or not stated in the text (NT). 1. Teamwork devoted to quality improvement develops independent work. 2. One of the advantages of the team approach is that it creates a framework for collective participation in problem solving and decision making. . 3. By Adairs team model a leader should concentrate on the common are a where two circles overlap. .. 4. A team is successful only if the eight roles are present. .. 5. In John Adair s leadership model the three parts which are brought together equally influence one another. .. 6.2.2. Write down three more benefits that the implementation of team work for quality may have. 1. . 2. 3.
6.3. Vocabulary
Fill in the blank spaces with a suitable word from the list below. capabilities leadership work environment capabilities traini
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Bluster-Geick Corporation is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fargo-Geick Ltd. in Oslo, Norway. The company is one of the leading manufacturers of pharmaceutical and dental products. In a diversified industry and competitive 1 leadership at all levels in the firm is important 2 plays an essential role in leadership development. In Oslo-based headquarters, groups of employees 3 together in a ..4 training program to examine and discuss the nature of. 5 and develop their personal skills and.. 6 6.3.1. Match the words from the text with their corresponding definition. 1. brief 2. benefit 3. feasibility 4. ensure 5. overlap a. to make sure that something happens b. to extend over part of something c. profit, advantage, allowance d. to tell smb. the main points about smth. he/she has to do e. smth. that can be done and carried out
6.3.2. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the words on the left. Neil Prestons methods are worthy of. because mastering the inchoate art of. is a test many CEOs fail. Martin Huegue, president of a San Jose, California, that analyses CEO personality traits and.. considers that many bosses fail at two crucial tasks: . strategy and..troops behind a vision. Huegue, who has compiled a database on the leadership styles of about 400 CEOs, says that the bosses get so wrapped up in their ideas that .. to communicate strategies downward is bound to happen. He also points out that 70% of top executives are introverts. to scrutinise to lead to consult to perform to communicate to align
to fail
6.4. Grammar Reference- The Progressive Tenses

The progressive tenses are used to express an action in process or lasting for a limited time. The emphasis is on the continuity of the event. The progressive forms may appear in any of the simple tenses. The present perfect continuous is used for an activity which began in the past and is still continuing. It comprises two parts: have/has been + Ving
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Mariana HURJUI
We have been working on the quality specifications for two months. She has been writing the tests since morning. The progressive also appears in the past tense to express duration of an action or state. Its form consists of : were/was + Ving We were collecting data at that time. The shop floor managers soon found out that the workers were producing all the defects.
Practice
6.4.1. Read the excerpt from a speech delivered by Richard Drum, director of policy planning in the National Trade Commission. Write the correct form of the verb in brackets, using one of the progressive tenses above. For the last thirty years, US____________(exported) quality theories to Japan, while the situation at home__________(get) worse. The Japanese _____(reshape) their industry on the foundation of the American management thinking. The last ten years witnessed a strange phenomenon: while the Japanese products___________(pose) a competitive threat on the Western markets, Americas leadership in quality________(erode) imperceptibly. Statistics from the National Trade Commission show that consumers in America_________(turn) their backs on US-manufactured goods in favor of foreign competitors . 6.4.2. In most lines of the following text, there is one incorrect verb form. Find it and write the suitable form. If the line is correct mark it with a tick (V). In spite of the high-reliability of some American-made goods, U.S. are worried about the quality of their products. The onslaught on Western markets launched in the 1960s by Japans manufacturing industry shake Americas confidence in its quality supremacy worldwide. Its a long way ahead to catch up with the Japanese says McMyres Quality Manager but evidence of progress will be already visible. Last autumn, McMyre announce the results of tests it ran on chips. The failure rate of U.S. has been six to seven times that of Japanese. Evidently, the shocking news propel the U.S. semiconductor industry into action. When McMyre ran similar tests six months later, The US manufacturers had cut their disadvantage to four to two.
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6.4.3. Choose the correct word A, B, or C 1. For five years theyresearch on special adhesives and chemicals. a. are doing b. do c. have been doing 2. While they.the process control system, I was taking notes. a. have been explaining b. explained c. were explaining 3. This year the company.a new integrated system approach to process control. a. is introducing b. was introducing c. introduces 4. At this time yesterday, the Quality Team .on the Policy Deployment process. a. worked b. has worked c. was working 5. What I.to say for the last ten minutes is that generic benchmarking means comparing ourselves against the best from all industry groups. a. try b. am trying c. have been trying 6. Since 1989 Xerox , a Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award winner,.. continuously in quality management programs. a. invested b. has been investing c. invest 7. At this moment we.to handle the problems of external and internal quality. a. are striving b. strive c.strove 8. They her performance appraisal , when she gave in her notice. a. are doing b. were doing c. have been doing
6.5. Speaking / Group work

Divide into groups of four. You are members of an administrative office in consulting company . Your company has been confronted lately with a number of serious problems among which the most important are: - the increase of cost without a corresponding increase of returns - the high turnover of the personnel and absenteeism - difficulties in recruiting young people in administrative work You all meet to analyze the situation, to make suggestions for improvement and find solutions to the crisis. Introduce in your conversation the language used for: Making suggestions Why dont we. I suggest we. Have you..? We should/ ought to.. and recommendations If I were you, Id Wed better I advise you to I recommend..
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Mariana HURJUI
APPENDIX 1
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Exercise I
Make six sentences based on the following options. Time expression Subject Present continuous
Exercise2
Read the following text. It contains five examples of the present continuous tense. Classify them according to different uses shown in the box below. The department is presently undergoing (1) major reorganisation. We are reducing (2) the number of office staff and relocating (3) some personnel in other departments. This month we are also advertising (4) for two new senior management posts. Our present director is leaving (5) at the end of the year.
activity at or around the time of speaking temporary activity in the present fixed arrangement in the future
Exercise 3
Read the following dialogue. Michael: What are you doing now, John? John: I'm finishing preparations for our meeting tomorrow morning. Michael: Is Patrizia coming? John: Yes, she's arriving this evening. Michael: Oh good. What are you doing this evening? John: Nothing. Michael: Well, I'm meeting Felix, to discuss the trip to Japan next week. Could you join us? John: Er, no, I don't think so ...
Complete the following sentences: 1 Now John is _____________________________________ 2 Tomorrow morning, Michael, John and Patrizia _________ 3 Tonight MichaL-----------------------------4 Tonight John isn't --------------------------------5 Next week they ---------------------------------
TRANSFER What are you doing now? What are you doing tomorrow? Think of a friend or colleague. What is he/she doing now? Where are you going on Tuesday next week? Are you working on any special project at the moment?
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THE PRESENT SIMPLE
Exercise 1
Complete the following text with the correct form of a verb from the list in the box. supply use employ work develop'
Softcraft produces computer software for business applications. The company_______ programmes for general business applications. In addition, Softcraft _____ customised software for individual requirements. Softcraft______85 people. About 40 of these____ in programme development. The company also________external consultants.
Exercise 2
Write sentences to complete a dialogue based on the flow chart below.
Ask what IMF produces Ask about the number of employee Ask about the frequency of trade fairs and exhibitions Comment on the cost of trade fairs Ask about next trade fair Ask about fashion in design Office furniture 500 1 or 2 a year give your opinion Frankfurt, September Changes frequently
Exercise 3
Use a frequency adverb from the list below to make sentences using the given prompts. Always Often Rarely frequently sometimes hardly ever usually occasionally never 5 He/have/meetings/in the morning 6 I/see/the Senior Vice-President 7 We/write/reports
1 We/provide/good service 2 I/have/face-to-face meetings/new customers 3 Our company/employ/external consultants 4 I/be/busy in summer
Transfer
Read the following text.

Our company produces electronic components for washing machines. We are based in Singapore and we have subsidiaries in Korea, Malaysia and Japan. We sell, our products throughout Europe and our biggest customers are in Europe. At present we are setting up a new distribution centre in France. Our department is working on the design plans and at the moment I am studying different plant layouts.
Use the model above to write a similar description of your own company/ university and your present activities, or a company you know well
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Mariana HURJUI
THE PAST SIMPLE
Exercise 1
Complete the following paragraph with a correct form of the verb in brackets.
On Monday Diano S.p.A. _________ (report) increased profits for the year. Exports ----------------------(climb) by 20 per cent last year but domestic sales ----------------------(fall) by 5 per cent. Two months ago the company______________(set up) new sales offices in France and Singapore company's share On the Milan Stock Exchange yesterday the
price(rise) by 300 lire to L 2,155.
Exercise 2
A journalist interviews a company director about a joint venture with Fallon Inc., an American company. Complete the sentences with an appropriate form of the verb given in brackets.
J : When__________(begin) negotiations? D:We _____________(start) three months ago. J : And you reached agreement this morning? D: That's right. J : Was the original idea yours or Fallon's? D: At first we (approach) Fallon and we_______________ (put forward )some outline proposals. J : _________ (have) any major problems? D: No, as you know, we ______ (meet) many times and we__________(reach) agreement yesterday.
Exercise 3
Look at the following chart which shows the history of a joint venture between two companies. Write a short paragraph which explains the main events
June 1992 Oct 1992 Nov1992 Jan 1993 June 1993 TeleResearch (TR) produces prototype of Linco Mobile Phone TR offers Telco a licence agreement Telco offers to buy Linco Mobile Phone for $2. 5m TR rejects offer Telco suggests joint venture negotiations begin Telco and TR form a joint venture company, Linco.
Transfer
Write six sentences describing either the history of a project you know well your educational and/or professional background.
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THE PAST CONTINUOUS
Exercise 1
Complete the following sentences by choosing a suitable form of the verb in brackets .Use either the past simple or the past continuous.
1. We ____________ (review) safety procedures when the accident (clean) the tanks the chemicals. 2. While we____________ (clean) the tanks the chemicals______________ (pollute) the river. 3. The plant ___________ (operate) at full capacity before the explosion__________(happen). 4. We______________(turn off) the supply because the pipe_____________(leak). 5. As the equipment__________(get old) we___________(decide) to replace it. 6. When the fire____________(start) she__________(wear) protective clothing. 7. While the company_________(investigate) the accident the government ___________ (introduce) new . regulations. 8. The risk of explosion (be) highest precisely when workers __________ (repair) the pipe.
Exercise 2
Below is an extract from a report on an accident at a construction site. Complete the text by choosing an appropriate form of each verb in brackets. Use either the past tense or the past continuous.
On Monday at 16.30 a construction worker was hurt at the Iribas plant. The foreman said that four men_________ (work) on a roof when a crane__________ (hit) the wall of the building. One of the men_________(slip) and________ (fall) to the ground. The crane driver________ (try) to lift a metal pipe when he__________(lose) control. A preliminary report identifies three factors which contributed to the accident: the injured worker_________ (not/wear) a safety harness. The crane___________ (work) in a prohibited area. It__________(rain), so work should have been stopped.
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Mariana HURJUI
THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
Exercise 1
Make six sentences based on the following options. Mennis plc I We Paolo Mr Joyce She has has not have have not called contacted sent ordered arrived spoken you us the goods anything to Frank yet recently today
Exercise 2
Complete the following extract by choosing the correct form of the verb in brackets. Use either the past simple or the present perfect simple.
Last year our company___________(report) a small increase in profits. This year we ____________(see) continued improvement and our turnover ___________ (rise) by 15 per cent. This is very good news in a difficult world market. In fact internationally, the market_____________(fall). Naturally, our costs____________ (go up) and so the rise in profits is not so great. It is true that our domestic performance____________(be helped) by the collapse of our competitor, Capra & Pecora, which__________(go out of business) in January.
Exercise 3
JBM is a Financial Services Company. The Managing Director is Martina Pavlovski. Here is an extract from a speech she made to shareholders at the AGM. Read the extract from her speech and place the different actions in bold in the appropriate column in the box below, according to the meaning in the context. The first one has been done for you.
'For our sector, recent times have been difficult. However, it is clear that we are not alone. The world economy has suffered a downturn and all sectors of industry have experienced difficulties. But this year we have already seen signs of improvement; I am sure you know that especially in Asia there has been increased growth and this will benefit us greatly. Also, turning to insurance, we have been involved in the insurance market for only a relatively short time, but it is good to see that this sector has grown rapidly since 1991. Activity at some nonSpecific time in the past With an impact or result in the present or future. activity within a period of time which is not yet finished. activity which started in the past and continuous to the present.
Transfer
Make sentences about the recent economic performance of either your own company, an industry you know about, or the economy of your country. You can use both the present perfect and the past simple.
46
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Exercise 1
Make three sentences from each of the following prompts in the present perfect continuous. Make first a positive statement, then a negative statement and finally a question.
You/work/Paulus & Company/for many years They/sell/shares/since January
Exercise 2
Read the following sentences. Decide which show examples of actions which continued over a Period of time and which show actions which occurred at specific points in time.Write period or point.
1. George has been working too hard recently 2. He has made a lot of mistakes. 3. He has been travelling all over the country. 4. He's even had a couple of minor road accidents. 5. He's asked for some time off work. 6.We've been thinking of ways to help him. _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
Exercise 3
Use the following prompts to produce a short internal memo about recruitment problems in a clothing distribution company.
Transfer
Describe a decision connected with your own work. Use examples of both the present perfect simple and the continuous form. Example: A&C has decided to change the management structure. They have been thinking about this for a long time.
MEMO From: H.V. Subject: Recruitment of Sales Director (Northern Region) We/to advertise /for six months/ national newspapers. We/ to interview /five candidates but/ to be not able to fill/position. This month /to place /an advertisement/ Sales & Marketing Journal. I/to talk to/Head Hunting' agency. This seems to be an increasingly probable solution. Any comments?
(Nick Brieger & Simon Sweeney The Language of Business English, Prentice Hall, 1994)
47
Mariana HURJUI
APPENDIX 2
APPENDIX 2 Irregular Verbs
STEM PAST TENSE was/were became began broke brought built bought caught chose came cost cut dealt did drew drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found flew forbade forgot froze got gave went grew PAST PARTICIPLE been become begun broken brought built bought caught chosen come cost cut dealt done drawn drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found flown forbidden forgotten frozen got (US: gotten ) given gone grown STEM PAST TENSE had heard hid hit held hurt kept knew laid led learnt left lent let lay lost made meant met paid put quit read rode rang rose ran said saw sold sent set PAST PARTICIPLE had heard hidden hit held hurt kept known laid led learnt left lent let lain lost made meant met paid put quit read ridden rung risen run said seen sold sent set
be become begin break bring build buy catch choose come cost cut deal do draw drink drive eat fall feed feel fight find fly forbid forget freeze get give go grow
have hear hide hit hold hurt keep know lay lead learn leave lend let lie lose make mean meet pay put quit read ride ring rise run say see sell send set
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Glossary of Specialised Terms

Nr. ord. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. ENGLISH ability account achieve (to) advertisement, ad analyse (to) applicant apply (to) approach assignment assumption background back-up be bound to be committed to (to) brand carry out (to) catch up with (to) classified ad classify (to) competition compose (to) computerise (to) confidence coordinate(to) core value credentials cubicle delivery delivery demand(to) devise (to) divide (to) dovetail (to) draw up (to) abilitate client, cont a realiza reclam a analiza solicitant a solicita, a face o cerere abordare/metod atribuie, sarcina supoziie formaie, educaie sprijin care nu poate s nu/ cu siguran a fi dedicat/ devotat/angajat marca a ndeplini a recupera/a imita mica publicitate a clasifica competiie a redacta, compune a informatiza ncredere a coordona valoare de baz scrisori de acreditare/re birou separat prin panouri livrare livrare a cere a concepe a mpri a ajusta/potrivi a redacta/ntocmi ROMANIAN
49
Mariana HURJUI
Nr. ord. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71.
ENGLISH earnings ease (to) efficient (ly) embark on (to) employ (to) employee encounter (to) ensure (to) fail (to) flier foster (to) framework give a lift (to) grant (to) hang around (to) incentive inchoate income support in-depth job centre job-seeking/hunting jot down(to) launch (to) manufacture (to) mire (to) mistrust niche note pad onslaught opportunity organise (to) outcome overlapping overwhelming part-time working perform (to) plan(to) -
ROMANIAN venituri a se instala confortabil eficient a se angaja a angaja angajat a ntlni a asigura a eua flutura de hrtie a hrni/nutri cadru a lua cu maina a acorda stimulent incipient/ rudimentar alocaie suplimentar n profunzime agenie de plasare a forei de munc cutarea unui loc de munc a nsemna, a nota a lansa a fabrica, a produce a nfunda, a fi la strmtoare nencredere ni carnet atac ocazie, prilej a organiza rezultat suprapunere copleitor lucru cu norm redus a efectua, a ndeplini a planifica
50
Nr. ord. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106.
ENGLISH plant posting previous probationary propel (to) prospect range rating recognition redundant relocate (to) report to (to) retire (to) sales manager sample schedule select (to) self-awareness self-employment set up(to) settle (to) shareholding skill skilled spell (to) stock market strike the balance (to) subscription supervise (to) survey tailor(to= thinker threat threat fail (to ) -
ROMANIAN uzin/fabric nscriere anterior de proba a stimula perspectiv gam cot de audien recunoatere concediat a schimba sediul a informa (superiorul) a iei la pensie agent de vnzri mostr/eantion program a selecta ncredere n sine activitate pe cont propriu a nfiina a soluiona participare cu aciuni abilitate/ capacitate/iscusin calificat a atrage dup sine, a implica piaa titlurilor de valoare (bursa de valori) a echilibra abonament a supraveghea studiu, anchet, sondaj a adapta gnditor ameninare ameninare a nu reui s
51
Mariana HURJUI
Nr. ord. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115.
ENGLISH register (to) track (to) turnover turnover undergo (to) unskilled VAT value added tax vocational training workacholic a se nscrie a urmri
ROMANIAN
cifr de afaceri fluctuaie a muncitorilor a trece prin/a suferi necalificat taxa pe valoare adugat pregtire profesional mptimit/ obsedat de munc
52

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ENGLISH PRACTICAL COURSE (I)

Lect. dr. Mariana HURJUI

THE PLACE OF WORK

JOBS & CAREERS

THE MEANING OF SUCCESS

TEAMWORK & LEADERSHIP

English practical course

ENGLISH PRACTICAL COURSE

English practical course

Good morning. May I introduce myself? My name is. FORMAL

Hello. Im Tim.. INFORMAL

English practical course

1.3. Grammar Reference The Progressive Tenses

English practical course

1.4. Communication Skills

THE PLACE OF WORK

2.1. Reading Text A

2.1. Comprehension Questions

English practical course

2.3. Grammar Reference The Present Simple

English practical course

2.4. Speaking / Writing

English practical course

English practical course

JOBS & CAREERS

3.1. Reading 9/11 Alters Students' Career Strategy

English practical course

3.1. Comprehension Questions

3.3. Grammar Refernce The Present Perfect Tense

English practical course

3.4. Communication Skills 3.4.1. Reading/speaking

English practical course

Asking for and giving opinions

Do you consider that?

I have no doubt that

Would I be right in thinking that..?

Dont you think that?

As I see it I tend to think that Weakly

English practical course

English practical course

Send this Job to a Friend Save This Job

Director of College Relations and Development

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER

4.1. Comprehension Questions

English practical course

4.3. Grammar Reference The Passive Voice

THE PUBLISHING HOUSE. THE ARTICLE

English practical course

4.4. Communication Skills

Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely,

Steve Mason Enclosure G

Dear Mr. Webb: J

English practical course

THE MEANING OF SUCCESS

5.2. Comprehension Questions

English practical course

2. to embark on 3. crash 4. to hire 5. mentality 6. memo 7. to set up 8. to rank

5.3. Language Reference The Past Tense

English practical course

4. When XXM plc. bought the company.

English practical course

TEAMWORK & LEADERSHIP

6.2. Understanding The Main Poins

English practical course