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XfrogPlants | USA Southwest Library

Version 2.0

greenworks organic software

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XfrogPlants Development
Orio Menoni Jan Walter Schliep Jan Heuschele Tany Heider Karin Rudokas Peter Fantke Bernd Lintermann Oliver Deussen Stewart McSherry Modeler Modeler Modeler Rendering Rendering Research and Development Research and Development Research and Development Product Manager

What's New, and Usage Information for XfrogPlants USA Southwest Library, Version 2.0
60 XFR (Xfrog) + 60 Models of one additional 3D format are included in the /Models folder. (You may select online at xfrog.com, or from your reseller, from most popular 3D formats, such as Maya, 3ds Max, Lightwave, CINEMA 4D, OBJ, 3ds, etc. to be the additional format included on your CDROM) NOTE - If you purchase our DVDs, they contain ALL 3D formats listed above, inside the DVD, and more! 60 TIFF+Alpha Billboard Renders are included in the /Billboards folder. (You can map them onto single or crossed polygons, or drag and drop them directly into background images) 60 TIFF+Alpha Perspective Renders are included in the /Perspectives folder. (You can use their object buffer to place them into background images, ideal for quick comps) Many Leaf and Bark and Flower Textures are replaced with Higher Quality Textures. (A year long search and collection effort has yielded much higher texture quality than earlier efforts) Many Models were completely rebuilt for better accuracy. (Over the past 3 years we have greatly improved our knowledge and modeling capabilities and we have rebuilt many early models, the results of many months of efforts is Version 2.0) Each XfrogPlants Library is now available in several more popular 3D formats. (Maya, Vue d'Esprit, RIB, have been added to a long list of available additional 3d formats) Each XfrogPlants Library PDF was re-created and showcases the quality of Version 2.0. (New nicer layout and now we exhibit all Models as Perspective Renders instead of one Render per Species) Plugins are included to import XFR into Maya, 3ds max, Lightwave, and CINEMA 4D. (You can directly import XfrogPlants models, or edits you make in Xfrog, into the above programs) Xfrog Software, Plugins, Demos: Xfrog User Group: Xfrog User Gallery: http://www.xfrog.com http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Xfrog/ http://www.xfrog.com/4images/

Legal
XfrogPlants, and related materials, including this documentation are copyright 2004, Lintermann und Deussen GbR, greenworks organic software, Greifenhagener Str. 9, 10437 Berlin Germany. +49 30 46 79 63 31 fon, +49 30 46 79 63 32 fax. This PDF document may be freely copied and distributed in its entirety.

Author
This XfrogPlants documentation was created in November 2004 by Orio Menoni.

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01. Century Plant

( Agave americana, Agave americana var. Marginata )

model 1 1.4 m, green Agave americana

model 2 1.5 m, bluish green Agave americana

model 3 1.3 m, green Agave americana model 6 1.4 m, green, yellow edge Agave americana var. Marginata

model 4 1.4 m, green, yellow edge Agave americana var. Marginata

model 5 1.4 m, green, yellow stripe Agave americana var. Marginata

Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, on very well-drained soil Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Century Plant blooms after 10 years in native areas and after 60 years in cooler climates. It is monocarpic (dies after blooming) but produces many offsets. Often used for fencing. The heart of the plant can be eaten when roasted.

Origin : Eastern Mexico

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02. Desert Agave

( Agave deserti )

model 1 1.7 m (stem 4 m) green

model 2 1.7 m (stem 5 m) green, yellow flowers

model 3 1.6 m green

Origin : Southern Arizona, Southern California, Baja California Environment : low desert scrub, from 350 to 2.200 m. Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Desert Agave grows under the full sun, on alkaline soil and sand. In Arizona, rosettes are often solitary, while in California they may form large clumps. The Desert Agave was used for food by the Cahuilla people.

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03. Bishops Cap

( Astrophytum myriostigma, Astrophytum ornatum )

model 1 30 cm, bluish green Astrophytum myriostigma lem

model 2 30 cm, green, yellow flower Astrophytum myriostigma var. Potosinum

model 3 100 cm, green, white dots, yellow flower Astrophytum ornatum

Origin : Central and Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, on dry soil Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The family name Astrophytum means star plant (from ancient Greek), and refers to the shape of this cactus. Bishop Cap is the vulgar name given to the myriostigma species. Astrophyta come in many variations and cultivars. They are one of the most popular cacti.

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04. Giant Saguaro

( Carnegiea gigantea )

model 1 9 metres orange flowers

model 2 8.5 meters white flowers

model 3 10 meters yellow flowers

Origin : Southern Arizona, Southeast of California, Northwest of Mexico Environment : desert Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Giant Saguaro is the largest member of the Cactaceae family. It can weight up to 12 tons and lives approx. 200 years. It does not thrive outside of its wild native area. The flowers grow on the tips of branches and open only in the cooler nights. The Giant Saguaro has been used as food and drink, and its still used in ceremonies.

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05. Paloverde
( Cercidium floridum )

model 1 9 meters tree, green

model 2 7 meters tree, yellow flowers

model 3 4 meters shrub, yellow flowers

model 4 5 meters shrub, green

Tree/Shrub, evergreen broadleaf Shape: broad spreading Origin : Arizona Environment : arid areas Climate : hot, warm Notes :
A small tree or shrub, the Paloverde tree is very drought-resistant and grows well in all arid regions, where it finds no competition from similar species. Its yellow blooming (early spring) lasts a whole month. It tolerates full sun. The fruit is edible.

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06. Staghorn Cholla

( Cylindropuntia versicolor )

model 1 3 meters green, red flowers

model 2 1.2 meters brown, red flower

model 3 2 meters brown, red flowers

Origin : Southwest of USA Environment : arid areas, on dry slopes Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Staghorn Cholla is often found in mixed stands together with Paloverde, Giant Saguaro and Prickly Pear. Chollas with green stems and purple stems can be found next to each other. The central part of the stem gets darker with age and turns into a woody structure.

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07. Barrel Cactus

( Echinocactus acanthodes )

model 1 65 centimetres green, brown-yellow needles

model 2 100 centimetres green, yellow needles

model 3 180 centimetres green, brown-yellow needles

Environment : arid areas, on rich, well-drained soil, full sun to light shade Climate : hot, warm, mild Notes :
The Barrel Cactus is one of about ten species of Echinocacti coming from the Southwest of USA. Like all Echinocacti, it needs full sun and little water, and is fairly cold-resistant, down to 20 F. (-7C). The family name Echinocactus comes from ancient Greek and means something like hedgehog thistle.

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico

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08. Rainbow Cactus

( Echinocereus dasyacanthus, Echinocereus pectinatus )

model 1 30 centimetres
green, red needles,

model 2 30 centimetres
green, red needles yellow flower

model 3 40 centimetres
dark green, light grey needles

model 4 40 centimetres
dark green, light grey needles, purple flower

dasyacanthus

dasyacanthus

pectinatus

pectinatus

Origin : Southern USA (Texas, New Mexico), Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas Climate : hot, warm Notes :
Respectively known as Texas Rainbow Hedgehog and Arizona Rainbow Hedgehog, both species (together with other varieties) are collectively known as Rainbow Cactus. The Rainbow Cactus grows faster than the average succulentae. The fruits are rich of sugar and are appreciated by the desert fauna.

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09. Strawberry Hedgehog

( Echinocereus engelmannii )

model 1 25 centimetres green, grey-brown needles

model 2 30 centimetres green, yellow needles

model 3 40 centimetres brown-green, grey needles

Origin : USA (Southern California, Arizona), Mexico (Baja California) Environment : arid areas, full sunlight to light shade Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Strawberry Hedgehog is one of the most common hedgehog cacti in the Southwest of America, but there are many subspecies and some of them are rare. It grows slowly and needs little water. The fruits are edible and they taste like strawberries. They are eaten by birds and rodents.

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10. Arizona Barrel Cactus

( Ferocactus wislizenii )

model 1 1.5 meters green, grey needles

model 2 2 meters green, grey needles

model 3 1 meter green, grey needles

Origin : Sonora and Chihuahua deserts (Arizona, New Mexico) Environment : on desert washes, gravely slopes, beneath canyon walls Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Arizona Barrel cactus is part of the Ferocactus genus, whose name means wild cactus. These species are always cylindrical or barrel-shaped and amongst the largest cacti of North America. The flowers always grow at the top of the plant. The fruits are fleshy and juicy, but theyre not considered edible.

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11. Ocotillo
( Fouqueria splendens )

model 1 3 meters green leaf

model 2 3.5 meters green leaf

model 3 3.5 meters green leaf, red flower

model 4 3.5 meters green leaf, red flower (low poly)

Origin : Southwest of North America Environment : arid areas, on rocky slopes and mountain sides Climate : hot, warm Notes :
Also known as Candlewood. Although the Ocotillo looks like a cactus, it is not part of the cacti family. It is a drought-deciduous plant, meaning that the stems are leafless in dry times, growing leaves only in the better times. Ocotillo is often used for natural fencing because new plants grow easily by planting single stems.

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12. Organ Pipe Cactus

( Lemaireocereus thurberi, Stenocereus thurberi )

model 1 4 meters, green Lemaireocereus model 4 3.5 meters, green Stenocereus

model 2 4.8 meters, green Lemaireocereus

model 3 4.1 meters, green Lemaireocereus model 6 3.7 meters, green Stenocereus

model 5 4.2 meters, green Stenocereus

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Organ Pipe Cactus is a large cactus forming a cluster of stems up to 6 m. tall. Several similar species exist in the native regions. Blooming is June through July. The fruit is edible and harvested by native areas people. The fruits can be stewed into jam or candied.

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13. Millers Pincushion

( Mammillaria millerii )

model 1 40 centimetres green white-purple flower

model 2 50 centimetres green

model 3 38 centimetres green white-purple flower

model 4 40 centimetres group of cacti

Environment : hillsides and bajadas, uplands, often growing on the rocks Climate : hot, warm Notes :
Also known as Arizona Fishhook. The stem of Millers Pincushion is almost completely covered by a layer of radial spines. The flowers appear in May or June, or after summer rains. The small, hooked spines can easily hook into the flesh of animals, as an effective defence.

Origin : Southwest of USA (Arizona)

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14. Teddy Bear Cholla

( Opuntia bigelovii )

model 1 1.6 meters

model 2 1.4 meters

model 3 1.3 meters

Origin : Southwest USA (California, Arizona, New Mexico), Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, on mesas and dry rocky slopes up to 900 m. Climate : hot, warm Notes :
This Cholla usually grows on a single stem, the sharp spines have a fuzzy appearance when seen from a distance. It grows in full sunlight on dry, rocky slopes. It can form impenetrable barriers and its therefore useful for natural fencing.

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15. Prickly Pear

( Opuntia engelmannii )

model 1 1.1 m, green orange flower, purple pear

model 2 1.2 m, green orange flower, purple pear (group)

model 3 1.2 m, green orange flower, purple pear (group)

Origin : Southwest of USA (Arizona, California), Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, on well-drained, dry soil, from 300 to 1.300 m. Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Prickly Pear Cactus is a well diffused plant in the Southwest of North America, growing in the full sun, needing little or no water even for long periods. The fruits are edible and loved by wildlife. The attractive flowers bloom April to May.

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16. Santa Rita Prickly Pear

( Opuntia engelmannii var. Violacea )

model 1 1.1 meters group, purple

model 2 1.2 meters group, purple

model 3 1.1 meters group, purple

Origin : Sonora desert (Arizona) Environment : arid areas, on dry rocky slopes Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Santa Rita Prickly Pear is a slow growing cactus of purple colour when young or when drought-stressed, or cold-stressed. At adult age, in normal conditions, its pads are of a dusty blue-grey colour. The chromatic appeal make of this cactus a popular choice for potting. Flowers (April-May) are lemon yellow coloured.

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17. Jumping Cholla

( Opuntia fulgida )

model 1 2.5 meters

model 2 2 meters

model 3 1.1 meters

Origin : Southern Arizona, Northern Mexico Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, from 300 to 1.000 m. Climate : hot, warm Notes :
Also known as Chainfruit Cholla or Hanging Chain Cholla because of the hanging fruits. The name jumping comes from the ease with which the needles detach when brushed, like if they jump onto you. The spines on the older stems are of a darker colour than on the young stems, where theyre of a straw-like colour.

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18. Pencil Cholla

( Opuntia ramosissima )

model 1 1.6 meters

model 2 1.4 meters

model 3 1.2 meters

Environment : arid areas, in full sunlight, on sandy very well-drained soil Climate : hot, warm, mild Notes :
Also known as Diamond Cholla or Branching Pencil. It blooms in late Spring. The numerous minute spines are easily dislodged at the simple touch, and they get stuck in the skin, where they are difficult to remove. The Pencil Cholla is fairly cold-tolerant.

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico

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19. Joshua Tree

( Yucca brevifolia )

model 1 9 meters green leaf

model 2 6.5 meters green leaf

model 3 2.5 meters green leaf

Environment : arid areas, in full or partial sunlight, on sandy rocky soil Climate : hot, warm Notes :
Joshua Tree is a large, erect arboreal plant, usually (but not always) singlestemmed. Branches are erect, either ascending or spreading. Young exemplars are usually not branched while adult ones are forked and dense. Its not easy to tell the age of a Joshua Tree because of the absence of annual rings. The sweet blossoms, the seeds, and the juicy fruits are all edible.

Origin : Southwest of USA, Northern Mexico

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20. Soaptree Yucca

( Yucca elata )

model 1 3.4 meters green leaf

model 2 3.8 meters brown-green leaf

model 3 4 meters (9 with flower) green leaf, white flowers

Origin : Southwest of North America Environment : grasslands, desert areas Climate : hot, warm Notes :
The Soaptree Yucca is present in many desert scrub communities and is also an important plant in the semi-desert grasslands. Native Arizonans used to make baskets with the leaves. They also used to eat the blossoms, which are indeed edible. The roots were used to make soap (hence the name of Soaptree).

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