TERIGRIHA (TERIGreen Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) TERI green building design evaluation system A tool to design,

, operate, evaluate a nd maintain resource-efficient healthy and intelligent building The Energy and Resources Institute Darbari Seth Block, IHC Block Lodi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India Draft 3rd March,2006

Contents Page No. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Introducing TERI.................................... ................................................................................ .........1 What is a green building?............................................ ..................................................................2 TERI green b uilding rating system TERIGRIHA ................................................. .................4 How to get your building rated?.............................. .....................................................................6 Synopsis of the criteria for rating ..................................................... ............................................8 Scoring points for TERIGRIHA....... ................................................................................ ..........13 Evaluation procedure of criterion of TERI-GRIHA.................... ...............................................15 Section 1 Site planning......................................................... ...............................................................................1 6 Resource conservation and efficient utilization of resources ................. ..........................................................16 Criterion 1 Preserv e and protect landscape during construction..................................... ..............16 Criterion 2 Soil conservation (till post-construction) ........ .................................................................21 Criterion 3 Design to include existing site features ....................................... .....................................23 Criterion 4 Reduce hard paving on site/a nd or provide shaded hard paved surfaces ................27 Criterion 5: Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency............................................. ......................31 Criterion 6 Plan utilities efficiently and optimise on site circulation efficiency..............................33 Health and well bein g............................................................................... ..............................................................35 Criterion 7 Pro vide minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for construction workers..... ....35 Criterion 8 Reduce air pollution during construction..................... ...................................................37 Section 2 Building plannin g and construction ............................................................. ................................39 Criterion 9 Reduce landscape water requiremen t ............................................................................39 Criterion 10 Reduction in water use by building................................ ................................................42 Criterion 11 Efficient water use during construction......................................................... ................44 Criterion 12 Optimise building design to reduce conventional energy demand............................45 Criterion 13 Optimize energy perform ance of building within specified comfort limits ...............48 Criterion 14 Utilization of flyash in building structure..................................... ..................................51 Criterion 15 Reduce volume and weight, and time of construction by adopting efficient technologies (e.g. pre -cast systems, etc.).......................................................................... .................55 Criterion 16 Use low energy material in interiors........... ...................................................................58 Criterion 17 Renewable energy utilization................................................. ........................................60 Criterion 18 Renewable energy based h ot water system ................................................................ 62 Recycle, reuse, and recharge of water ....................................... .........................................................................64 Crit erion 19 Waste water treatment.................................................. ..................................................64 Criterion 20 Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater) ................................................ ............67

Waste management................................................................ ................................................................................ 71 Criterion 21 Reduction in waste during construction.......................... ..............................................71 Criterion 22 Efficient waste se gregation....................................................................... ......................73 Criterion 23 Storage and disposal of wastes ........... ..........................................................................74 Cri terion 24 Resource recovery from waste ......................................... .............................................75 Health and well being........... ................................................................................ ..................................................76 Criterion 25 Use low VOC pa ints/ adhesives/ sealants ...................................................... ..............76 Criterion 26 Minimise ozone depleting substances .............. ............................................................78 Criterion 27 Ensu re water quality ............................................................... .........................................80 Criterion 28 Acceptable outdoor and indoor noise levels ............................................................ ....83 Criterion 29 Tobacco and smoke control .................................. .........................................................85 Section 3 Building o peration and maintenance ....................................................... ...................................87 Criterion 30 Energy audit and validation.. ................................................................................ ..........87 Criterion 31 Operation & maintenance .............................. ..................................................................88 Section 4 B onus points..................................................................... .................................................................90 Criterion 32 Bonus points................................................................... ....................................................90 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 Environmental education......................................................... ...............................................90 Company policy on green supply chain ........................................................................... ..92 Integrated pest management ................................................ ................................................93 Life cycle costing .......... ................................................................................ ...........................94 Any other criteria proposed by applicant.......... ...................................................................94

TERI GRIHA TERI Preamble 1.0 Introducing TERI A dynamic and flexible organization with a global vision an d a local focus, TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute ) was established in 1 974. While in the initial period, the focus was mainly on documentation and info rmation dissemination, research activities in the fields of energy, environment, and sustainable development was initiated towards the end of 1982. All these ac tivities were rooted in T E R I s firm conviction that efficient utilization of e nergy, sustainable use of natural resources, large scale adoption of renewable energy technologies, and reduction of all forms of waste would move the process of development towards the goal of sustainability. A unique developing-country i nstitution, TERI is deeply committed to every aspect of sustainable development. From providing environment-friendly solutions to rural energy problems to helpi ng shape the development of the Indian oil and gas sector; from tackling global climate change issues across many continents working in partnership with local c ommunities to help conserve forests ; from advancing solutions to the growing ur ban transport and air pollution problems to promoting energy efficiency in the I ndian industry, the emphasis has always been on finding innovative solutions to make the world a better place to live in. Although TERIs vision is global, its ro ots are firmly entrenched in the Indian soil. All activities in TERI move from f ormulating local- and national-level strategies shaping global solutions to crit ical energy and environment-related issues. To this end TERI has established reg ional centres in Bangalore, Goa, Guwahati, and Kolkata (recently Mumb ai also), and has a presence in Japan and Malaysia. It has set up affiliate institutes: TE RINA (Tata Energy and Resources Institute, North America) Washington, DC, USA, an d TERIEurope, London, UK. As an extension of its work on environment management, TERI has designed TERI GRIHA (TERI-Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment ). Role of TERI in recognizing environment-friendly initiatives TERI Corporate E nvironmental Awards The corporate sector is emerging as a critical player in Ind ias development process. The environmental implications of Indias industrializatio n process indicate that pollution has been rising with, and often faster than, t he growth in industrial production. Driven by the rising scale and intensity of environmental pressures and 1

TERI GRIHA TERI societys changing expectations from the corporate sector, business and the enviro nment, traditionally seen as divergent issues, are steadily coming closer. Reali zing the increasing complexities facing the environment, corporates have begun t o recognize their responsibility. In the recent years, a number of corporates ha ve taken bold and visible steps to integrate sustainability elements into their overall corporate strategy. In order to provide impetus to sustainable developme nt and to encourage the ongoing process of environmental management and protecti on within the corporate sector, TERI instituted the Corporate Environmental Awar ds in 2000/01. Encouraged by the overwhelming response and sincere interest show n by the Indian corporate houses, TERI confers the awards annually. TERI Corpora te Social Responsibility Awards TERI CSR( Corporate Social Responsibility Awards ) seeks to identify best practices and innovations of Indian corporates in fulfi lling t heir responsibilities towards diverse stakeholders. In the process, TERI also aims to sensitize the corporates to their responsibilities as good citizen s of a developing world. The prime objective of these awards are to assess the e xtent of integration of CSR concerns with corporate functioning, responsiveness to the needs of different stakeholders, and development of innovative partnershi p models tofulfil social responsibilities. Eco-rating system assessing, comparin g, and tracking Eco -ratingan indicator of corporate environmental performance/ri sk at a facility levelhas been developed by TERI. This rating tool evaluates poll ution/ environmental impact, resource-use efficiency, work -environment continge ncy and environment management systems on an eco-rating model. An indicator of t he overall performance of a unit is provided, risk profile assessed, and an asse ssment report is prepared. 1.1 What is a green building? Buildings have major en vironmental impact s over their entire life cycle. Resources s uch as ground cov er, forests, water, and energy are depleted to give way to buildings. Resource intensive materials provide the skin to the building and landscaping adds beauty to it in turn using up water and pesticides to maintain it. Energy -consuming s ystems for lighting, space conditioning, and water heating provide comfort to it s occupants. Hi-tech controls add intelligence to inanimate buildings so that they can respond to varying conditions, and intelligently monitor and control 2

TERI GRIHA TERI resource use, security, and usage of fire systems, etc. in the building. Water i s another vital resource for the occupants, which gets consumed continuously dur ing building construction and operation. Several building processes and occupant functions generate large amounts of waste, which can be recycled for use or can be reused directly. Buildings are thus one of the major pollutants that affect urban air quality and contribute to climate change. Hence, the need to design a green buildin g, the essence of which would be to address all these issues in an integrated and scientific manner. It is a known fact that it costs more to desi gn and construct a green building. However, it is also a proven fact that it cos ts less to operate a green building that has tremendous environmental benefits a nd provides a better place for the occupants to live and work in. Thus, the chal lenge of a green building is to achieve all its benefits at an affordable cost. A green building depletes the natural resources to the minimum during its constr uction and operation. The aim of a green building design is to minimize the dema nd on non-renewable resources, maximize the utilization efficiency of these reso urces, when in use, and maximize the reuse, recycling, and utilization of renewa ble resources. It maximizes the use of efficient building materials and construc tion practices; optimizes the use of on-site sources and sinks by bio -climatic architectural practices; uses minimum energy to power itself; uses efficient equ ipment to meet its lighting, air-conditioning, and other needs; maximizes the us e of renewable sources of energy; uses efficient waste and water management prac tices; and provides comfortable and hygienic indoor working conditions. It is ev olved through a design process that requires all concerned the architect and land scape designer and the air conditioning, electrical, plumbing, and energy consul tants to work as a team to address all aspects of building and system planning, design, construction, and operation. They critically evaluate the impacts of eac h design decision on the environment and arrive at viable design solutions to mi nimize the negative impacts and enhance the positive impacts on the environment. In sum, the following aspects of the building design are looked into in an inte grated way in a green building. Site planning Building envelope design Building system design ( (HVAC) heating ventilation and air conditioning, lighting, elect rical, and water heating) Integration of renewable energy sources to generate en ergy onsite. Water and waste management Selection of ecologically sustainable ma terials (with high recycled content, rapidly renewable resources with low emissi on potential, etc.). 3

TERI GRIHA TERI Indoor environmental quality (maintain indoor thermal and visual comfort, and ai r quality) 1.2 TERI green building rating system : TERIGRIHA 1.2.1 The context Internationally, voluntary building rating systems have been i nstrumental in raising awareness and popularizing green design. However, most of the internationally devised rating systems have been tailored to suit the build ing industry of the country where they were developed. TERI, being deeply commit ted to every aspect of sustainable development, t o o k u p o n itself the respo nsibility of acting as a driving force to popularize green building b y developi ng a tool for measuring and rating a buildings environmental performance in the context of Indias varied climate and building practices. T his tool, by its qu alitative and quantitative assessment criteria, would be able to rate a building o n the degree of its greenness. The rating would be applied to new and existing bui lding stock of varied functions commercial, institutional, and residential. 1.2.2 The challenges The Indian building industry is highly decentralized, involving diverse stakehol ders engaged in design, construction, equipment provision, installation, and ren ovation of buildings. Each group may be organized to some extent, but there is l imited interaction among the groups, thus disabling the integrated green design and application process. Hence, it is very important to define and quantify sust ainable building practices and their benefits. It is also imperative to delineat e the role of each actor in ensuring that the building consumes minimal resource s in its entire life cycle and leaves behind minimal environmental footprint. 1.2.3 The benefits TERIs green building rating will evaluate the environmental performance of a bu ilding holistically over its entire life cycle, thereby providing a definitive s tandard for what constitutes a green building. The rating system , based on accept ed energy and environmental principles, will seek to strike a balance between th e established practices and emerging concepts, both national and international. The guidelines/criteria appraisal may be revised eve three years to take into ac count the ry latest scientific developments during this period. On a broader sca le, this system, along with the activities and processes that lead up to it, wil l benefit the community at large with the improvement in the environment by 4

TERI GRIHA TERI

reducing GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions, improving energy security, and reducing the stress on natural resources. Some of the benefits of a green design to a bu ilding owner, user, and the society as a whole are as follows : Reduced energ onsumption without sacrificing the comfort levels Reduced destruction of natural areas, habitats, and biodiversity, and reduced soil loss from erosion, etc. Red uced air and water pollution (with direct health benefits) Reduced water consump tion Limited waste generation due to recycling and reuse Reduced pollution loads Increased user productivity Enhanced image and marketability TERI-GRIHAs green design practices, and the array of individual and institutional professionals who put these in practice, would be publicized and promoted for t he following reasons. It has immense replication probability for seeing is believ ing. It motivates the user and the owner to fulfil their commitment to the enviro nment by emulating the example it sets. It helps generate awareness on the conce pt of green building. It stimulates competition among peers to achieve the same performance or to endeavour to better it. 1.2.4 The development p rocess TERIs green building rating system (TERIGRIHA) has been developed after a thorou gh study and understanding of the current internationally accepted green buildin g rating systems and the prevailing building practices in India. The team has re searched on several international rating systems. A few team members were also s ponsored under a study tour by USAEP (United States Asia Environmental Partnersh ip) to understand the eco-rating systems prevalent in the US. The team has vast experience in providing design assistance to green buildings in the country and long and varied experience in carrying out energy conservation studies in existi ng hotels, offices, and other commercial building. The team has effectively util ized the several multi-disciplinary strengths and experiences of the colleagues at TERI to arrive at the tools that addresses cross-cutting issues in the design , development, and operation of a green building. 5

TERI GRIHA TERI The primary objective of the rating system is to help design green buildings and , in turn, help evaluate the greenness of the buildings. The rating system follows best practices along with national/international codes that are applicable to a chieving the intent of green design. The green building rating system devised by TERI is a voluntary scheme. It has derived useful inputs from the upcoming mand atory building codes/guidelines being developed by the Bureau of Energy Efficien cy, the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources, MoEF (Ministry of Environme nt and Forests), Government of India, and the Bureau of Indian Standards. The ra ting system aims to achieve efficient resource utilisation, enhanced resource ef ficiency, and better quality of life in buildings. 1.2.5 The basic features Currently the system has been developed to help design and evaluate new buildings (buildings that are still at the inception stages). A building is assessed based on its predicted performance over its entire life cycle inception through opera tion. The stages of the life cycle that have been identified for evaluation are the preconstruction, building design and construction, and building operation an d maintenance stages. The issues that get addressed in these stages are as follo ws. Pre-construction stage (intra- and inter-site issues) Building planning and construction stages (issues of resource conservation and reduction in resource d emand, resource utilization efficiency, resource recovery and reuse, and provisi ons for occupant health and well being). The prime resources that are considered in this section are land, water, energy, air, and green cover. Building operati on and maintenance stage (issues of operation and maintenance of building system s and processes, monitoring and recording of consumption, and occupant health an d well being, and also issues that affect the global and local environment). 1.3 How to get your building rated? All buildings, except for industrial complex es and housing colonies, which are in the design stage, are eligible for certifi cation under the TERI system. Buildings include offices, retail spaces, institut ional buildings, hotels, hospital buildings, healthcare facilities, residences, and multi-family high-rise buildings. 1.3.1 Registration A project has to be reg istered with TERI through the TERI website by filling in registration form onlin e. 6

TERI GRIHA TERI Registration cost details are available on the web. Registration should preferab ly be done at beginning of a project, as there are several issues that need to b e addressed at the pre-design stage. The registration process includes access to the essential information related to rating, application form, list of submissi ons, score points, and the weightage system. If desired by the applicant, a oneday training for the design team by TERI on the rating system, is also included at a nominal additional cost. During the training session, the following areas will be covered. Overview of th e green building design Building project and project-specific guidance system Do cumentation process Evaluation process 1.3.2 Documentation The evaluation system covers interdisciplinary areas. Submis sions required for meeting any particular criterion are elaborated in specific s ections. 1.3.3 Schedule for receipt of documents All documents (in soft version) related to the attempted (criteria should be sub mitted along with the application (pre-construction stage). Only the attempted c riteria will be reviewed and a checklist of the same attached. Documents or phot ographs as specified in 1.2.4, 2.2.3, 7.2.3, 8.2.1, 15.2.4, 16.2.4, 22.2, 23.2, 29.2.5 and 32 and as required on case to case basis for bonus points. The docume nt covers the details required for applying for certification. Queries on the ra ting may be sent to griha@teri.res.in which will be responded to within two work ing days. TERI-GRIHA evaluation process The buildings will be evaluated and rate d in a three-tier process. The preliminary evaluation will be done by team of pr ofessionals and experts from TERI. The TERI team will estimate the number of poi nts the project is eligible to get. Documents should be submitted in the format prescribed by TERI-GRIHA. Documentation should be complete in all respects for a ll attempted criteria. Any attempted criteria for which the documentation is inc omplete will not be evaluated. The documentation formats are provided in the CD along with the TERI-GRIHA document. The TERI team will first review the mandator y criteria and reject the project in the event of non-compliance with such crite ria . 7

TERI GRIHA TERI The TERI team will then evaluate the optional criteria and estimate the total nu mber of achievable points. All compliance documents will be checked and vetted t hrough the appraisal process as outlined by TERI GRIHA. The evaluation summary r eport will be sent to members of the evaluation committee for TERI-GRIHA compris ing of renowned sector experts from landscape architecture, lighting and HVAC de sign, renewable energy, water and waste management, and building materials. The evaluation committee members will vet the points estimated by the technical team . The evaluation committee will then independently review the documents for the award of points. The evaluation committee may use the evaluation summary report submitted by the technical team as a guiding document. The evaluation committee will award provisional points and also comment on specific criteria, if need be. The evaluation report will be sent to the project proponent to review the same and , if desired ,take steps to increase the score. The report will elaborate on the results of the evaluation committee along with its comments. The report wil l list the criteria for which the documentation is incomplete, detailing the inf ormation which is required. The client will be given one months time to resubmit the document with necessary modifications /additions. The resubmitted document w ill comprise only of the additional documents / information desired in the ev al uation report. The resubmitted documents will again be put through the vetting p rocess described above. The evaluation committee will then award the final score . The final score will be presented to an advisory committee comprising of emine nt personalities and renowned professionals in the field for approval and award of rating. The rating will be valid for a period of five years from the date of commissioning of the building. TERI reserves the right to undertake a random aud it of any criteria for which points have been awarded. 1.4 Synopsis of the crite ria for rating The criteria have been categorised as follows. 1.4.1 Site plannin g Conservation and efficient utilization of resources Objective: To maximize the conservation and utilisation of resources (land, water, natural habitat, avi fa una, and energy) conservation and enhance efficiency of the systems and operatio ns. Criterion 1 Preserve and protect the landscape during construction/compensat ory depository forestation. Commitment Proper timing of construction, preserve t op soil and existing vegetation, staging and spill prevention, and erosion and s edimentation control. Replant, on-site, trees in the ratio 1:3 to those removed during construction. 8

TERI GRIHA TERI Criterion 2 Soil conservation (till post-construction). Commitment Proper top so il laying and stabilization of the soil and maintenance of adequate fertility of the soil to support vegetative growth. Criterion 3 Design to include existing s ite features. Commitment Minimize the disruption of natural ecosystem and design to harness maximum benefits of the prevailing micro-climate. Criterion 4 Reduce hard paving on-site and /or provide shaded hard- paved surfaces. Commitment Min imize storm water run-off from site by reducing hard paving on site. Criterion 5 Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency. Commitment Meet minimum allowable l uminous efficacy (as per lamp type) and make progressive use of a renewable ener gy -based lighting system. Criterion 6 Plan utilities efficiently and optimize o n-site circulation efficiency. Commitment Minimize road and pedestrian walkway l ength by appropriate planning and provide aggregate corridors for utility lines. Health and well being Objectives To protect the health of construction workers and prevent pollution. Criterion 7 Provide at least, the minimum level of sanita tion/safety facilities for construction workers. Commitment Ensure cleanliness o f workplace with regard to the disposal of waste and effluent, provide clean dri nking water and latrines and urinals as per applicable standard. Criterion 8 Red uce air pollution during construction. Commitment Ensure proper screening, cover ing stockpiles, covering brick and loads of dusty materials, wheel-washing facil ity, water spraying. 1.4.2 Building planning and construction stage Conservation and efficient utilization of resources Objective To maximize resour ce (water, energy, and materials) conservation and enhance efficiency of the sys tem and operations. 9

TERI GRIHA TERI Water Criterion 9 Reduce landscape water requirement. Commitment Landscape using native species and reduce lawn areas while enhancing the irrigation efficiency, reduction in water requirement for landscaping purposes. Criterion 10 Reduce bu ilding water use. Commitment Reduce building water use by applying low-flow fixt ures, etc. Criterion 11 Efficient water use during construction. Commitment Use materials such as pre-mixed concrete for preventing loss during mixing. Use recy cled treated water and control the waste of curing water. Energy: end use Criter ion 12 Optimise building design to reduce the conventional energy demand. Commit ment Plan appropriately to reflect climate responsiveness, adopt an adequate com fort range, less air-conditioned areas, daylighting, avoid over-design of the li ghting and air-conditioning systems. Criterion 13 Optimise the energy performanc e of the building within specified comfort limits. Commitment Ensure that energy consumption in building under a specified category is 10%40% less than that benc hmarked through a simulation exercise. Energy: embodied and construction Criteri on 14 Utilization of fly ash in the building structure. Commitment Use of fly as h for RCC (reinforced cement concrete) structures with in-fill walls and load be aring structures, mortar, and binders. Criterion 15 Reduce volume, weight, and t ime of construction by adopting an efficient technology (e.g. pre-cast systems, ready -mix concrete, etc.). Commitment Replace a part of the energy -intensive m aterials with less energyintensive materials and/or utilize regionally available materials, which use lowenergy/energy-efficient technologies. Criterion 16 Use low-energy material in the interiors. Commitment Minimum 70% in each of the thre e categories of interiors (internal partitions, panelling/false ceiling/interior wood finishes/ in-built furniture 10

TERI GRIHA TERI door/window frames, flooring) from low-energy materials/finishes to minimize the usage of wood. Energy: renewable Criterion 17 Renewable energy utilization. Com mitment Meet energy requirements for a minimum of 10% of the internal lighting l oad (for general lighting) or its equivalent from renewable energy sources (sola r, wind, biomass, fuel cells, etc). Energy requirements will be calculated based on realistic assumptions which will be subject to verification during appraisal . Criterion 18 Renewable energy - based hot- water system. Commitment Meet 70% o r more of the annual energy required for heating water through renewable energy based water-heating systems. Recycle, recharge, and reuse of water Objective: To promote the recycle and reuse of water. Criterion 19 Waste- water treatment Com mitment Provide necessary treatment of water for achieving the desired concentra tion of effluents. Criterion 20 Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater). C ommitment Provide wastewater treatment on-site for achieving prescribed concentr ation, rainwater harvesting, reuse of treated waste water and rainwater for meet ing the buildings water and irrigation demand. Waste management Objective: To min imize waste generation, streamline waste segregation, storage, and disposal, and promote resource recovery from waste. Criterion 21 Reduction in waste during co nstruction. Commitment Ensure maximum resource recovery and safe disposal of was tes generated during construction and reduce the burden on landfill. Criterion 2 2 Efficient waste segregation. Commitment Use different coloured bins for collec ting different categories of waste from the building. 11

TERI GRIHA TERI Criterion 23 Storage and disposal of waste. Commitment Allocate separate space f or the collected waste before transferring it to the recycling/disposal stations . Criterion 24 Resource recovery from waste. Commitment Employ resource recovery systems for biodegradable waste as per the Solid Waste Management and handling Rules, 2000 of the MoEF. Make arrangements for recycling of waste through local dealers. Health and well-being Objective To ensure healthy indoor air quality, w ater quality, and noise levels, and reduce the global warming potential. Criteri on 25 Use of low-VOC (volatile organic compounds) paints/ adhesives / sealants. Commitment Use only low VOC paints in the interior of the building. Use water ba sed rather than solvent based sealants and adhesives. Criterion 26 Minimize ozon e depleting substances. Commitment Employ 100% zero ODP (ozone depletion potenti al) insulation; HCFC (hydrochloro fluorocarbon)/ and CFC (chlorofluoro carbon) f ree HVAC and refrigeration equipments and/halon-free fire suppression and fire e xtinguishing systems. Criterion 27 Ensure water quality. Commitment Ensure groun dwater and municipal water meet the water quality norms as prescribed in the Ind ian Standards for various applications (Indian Standards for drinking [IS 10500 -1991], irrigation applications [IS 11624-1986]. In case the water quality canno t be ensured, provide necessary treatment of raw water for achieving the desired concentration for various applications. Criterion 28 Acceptable outdoor and ind oor noise levels. Commitment Ensure outdoor noise level conforms to the Central Pollution Control BoardEnvironmental StandardsNoise (ambient standards) and indoor noise level conforms to the National Building Code of India, 2005, Bureau of In dian Standards, Part 8Building Services; Section 4Acoustics, sound insulation, and noise control. 12

TERI GRIHA TERI Criterion 29 Tobacco and smoke control. Zero exposure to tobacco smoke for non-s mokers, and exclusive ventilation for smoking rooms. 1.4.3 Building operation and maintenance Objective Validate and maintain green performance levels/adopt and propagate green practices and concepts. Criterion 30 Energy audit and validation. Commitment En ergy audit report to be prepared by approved auditors of the Bureau of Energy Ef ficiency, Government of India. Criterion 31 Operation and maintenance protocol f or electrical and mechanical equipment. Commitment Ensure the inclusion of a spe cific clause in the contract document for the commissioning of all e lectrical a nd mechanical systems to be maintained by the owner, supplier, or operator. Prov ide a core facility/service management group, if applicable, which will be respo nsible for the operation and maintenance of the building and the electrical and mechanical systems after the commissioning. Owner/builder/occupants/service or f acility management group to prepare a fully documented operations and maintenanc e manual, CD, multimedia or an information brochure listing the best practices/d os and donts/maintenance requirements for the building and the electrical and mech anical systems along with the names and addresses of the manufacturers/suppliers of the respective system. Criterion 32 Bonus points. Four bonus points are avai lable under the rating system for adopting criteria which enhance the green inte nt of a project, and the applicant can apply for the bonus points Some of the pr obable points, not restricted to the ones enumerated below, could be 1. Alternat ive transportation 2. Environmental education 3. Company policy on green supply chain 4. Life cycle cost analysis 5. Any other criteria proposed by applicant 1. 5 Scoring points for TERIGRIHA TERIGRIHA is a guiding and performance-oriented sys tem where points are earned for meeting the design and performance intent of the criteria. Each criterion has a number of points assigned to it. It means that a project intending to meet the 13

TERI GRIHA TERI criterion would qualify for t he points. Compliances, as specified in the releva nt criterion, have to be submitted in the prescribed format. While the intent of some of the criteria is self-validating in nature, there are others for example : energy consumption, thermal and visual comfort, noise control criteria, and i ndoor pollution levels which need to be validated on-site through performance mo nitoring. The points related to these criteria (specified under the relevant sec tions) are awarded provisionally while certifying and are converted to firm poin ts through monitoring, validation, and documents/photographs to support the awar d of point. TERI-GRIHA has a 100 point system consisting of some core points, which are mand atory to be met while the rest are optional points, which can be earned by compl ying with the commitment of the criterion for which the point is allocated. Diff erent levels of certification (one star to five star) are awarded based on the n umber of points earned. The minimum points required for certification is 50. Bui ldings scoring 50 to 60 points, 61 to 70 points, 7 1 to 80 points, and 81 to 90 points will get one star, two stars, three stars and four stars respectively. A buildi ng scoring 91 to 100 points will get the maximum rating viz. five stars. Points scored 5060 6170 7180 8190 91100 Rating One star Two stars Three stars Four st ars Five stars 14

TERI GRIHA TERI 1.6 Evaluation procedure of criterion of TERI -GRIHA List of criteria and points for TERI-GRIHA Criteria 1 Criteria 2 Criteria 3 Crit eria 4 Criteria 5 Criteria 6 Criteria 7 Criteria 8 Criteria 9 Criteria 10 Criter ia 11 Criteria 12 Criteria 13 Criteria 14 Criteria 15 Criteria 16 Criteria 17 Cr iteria 18 Criteria 19 Criteria 20 Criteria 21 Criteria 22 Criteria 23 Criteria 2 4 Criteria 25 Criteria 26 Criteria 27 Criteria 28 Criteria 29 Criteria 30 Criter ia 31 Criteria 32 Preserve and protect landscape during construction /compensato ry depository forestation. Soil conservation (post construction) Design to inclu de existing site features Reduce hard paving on site Enhance outdoor lighting sy stem efficiency Plan utilities efficiently and o ptimise on site circulation eff iciency Provide ,at least, minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for con struction workers Reduce air pollution during construction Reduce landscape wate r requirement Reduce building water use Efficient water use during construction Optimise building design to reduce conventional energy demand Optimise energy pe rformance of building within specified comfort Utilisation of flyash in building structure Reduce volume, weight and time of construction by adopting efficient technology (e.g. pre-cast systems, ready -mix concrete, etc.) Use low-energy mat erial in interiors Renewable energy utilization Renewable energy based hot water system Waste water treatment Water re-cycle and re-use (including rainwater) Re duction in waste during construction Efficient waste segregation Storage and dis posal of waste Resource recovery from waste Use of low VOC paints/ adhesives/ se alants. Minimize Ozone depleting substances Ensure water quality Acceptable outd oor and indoor noise levels Tobacco and smoke control Energy audit and validatio n Operations and Maintenance protocol for electrical and mechanical equipment Bo nus Points 5 Partly mandatory 4 2 Mandatory 2 Partly mandatory 4 3 2 Mandatory 2 Mandatory 3 2 1 6 Mandatory 12 6 4 4 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 4 3 Mandatory 2 Mandatory 2 1 Mandatory 2 Mandatory 4 100 15

TERI GRIHA TERI Section 1 Site planning Resource conservation and efficient utilization of resources The development of the site for building purposes requires disruption and distur bance of the existing natural system. The most sustainable and environmentsensit ive development is the one that entails minimal site disturbance. Thus, resource conservation in a given site is of prime importance. The criteria for getting p oints under this head have been elaborated below. The resource efficiency measur es are aimed at applying appropriate site planning techniques, concepts and desi gn interventions in order to enhance the efficient utilization of site resources , minimize on-site vehicular pollution, enhance energy efficiency of site lighti ng, and enhance functional efficiency of the utility lines. Criterion 1 Preserve and protect landscape during construction Objective To preserve the existing landscape and protect it from degradation dur ing the process of construction. Box 1.1 Pre-construction measures for protection and preservation of landscape M easures to be followed for the prevention of soil erosion, preservation of exist ing vegetation, sediment control, and management of storm water during construct ion. (A) Timing of construction The timing of construction and application of er osion control measures including protection of slopes greater than 10%. Sediment ation collection systems, drainage systems, and runoff diversion systems shall b e in place before the commencement of construction activity. (B) Preservation of existing vegetation Preservation and protection of existing vegetation by non-d isturbance or damage to specified site areas during construction is recommended. This practice enables retention of fully-grown mature trees and also reduces av oidable erosion of bare soil due to exposure to climate and human intervention d uring construction. All existing vegetation should be marked on the site survey plan. The tree survey should be carried out and data should be reco before rded starting construction activity as indicated in Table 1 .1 16

TERI GRIHA TERI Table 1.1 Tree Survey format Serial No. identifiable in survey plan Botanical na me Common name Girth Height Spread Condition Protected1/ preserved2 / transplant ed 3/ removed 4 Box 1.2 Trees retained on the project site shall be protected during the constru ction period by following measures. Damage to roots should be prevented during t renching, placing backfill, driving or parking heavy equipment, dumping of trash , oil, paint, and other materials detrimental to plant health. These activities should be restricted to the areas outside of the canopy of the tree. Trees shoul d not be used for support; their trunks should not be damaged by cutting and car ving or by nailing posters, advertisements, or in any other way. Lighting of fir es or carrying out heat or gas emitting construction activity within the ground covered by canopy of the tree shall not be permitted. Young trees 5 or saplings identified for preservation within the construction site have to be protected us ing tree guards of approved specification. Existing drainage patterns through or into any preservation area shall not be modified unless specifically directed b y the landscape architect/architect/ engineer-in-charge. Existing grades of soil shall be maintained around existing vegetation and lowering or raising the leve ls around the vegetation is not allowed unless specifically directed by the land scape architect/architect/engineer-in-charge. Maintenance activities shall be pe rformed as needed to ensure that the vegetation remains healthy. The preserved v egetated area shall be inspected by the landscape architect/architect/engineer-i n-charge at regular intervals so that it remains undisturbed. The date of inspec tion during construction activity and, type of maintenance or restorative actio n followed shall be recorded in the logbook. Staging areas Staging is dividing a construction area into two or more areas to minimize the area of soil that will be exposed at any given time. Staging should be done to separate undisturbed la nd from land disturbed by construction activity and material storage. Measures s hall be followed for collecting drainage water runoff from construction areas an d material storage sites; div erting water flow away from such polluted areas, s o that pollutants do not mix with storm water runoff from undisturbed areas. Tem porary drainage channels, perimeter dike/swale, etc. shall be constructed to car ry the pollutant-laden water directly to the treatment device or facility (munic ipal sewer line). The plan shall indicate how the above is accomplished on-site, well in advance of the commencing of the construction activity. Spill preventio n and control Spill prevention and control plans should be made, clearly stating measures to stop the source of the spill, to contain the spill, to dispose the contaminated material and hazardous wastes, and stating designation of personnel trained to prevent and control spills. Hazardous wastes include pesticides , pa ints, cleaners, and petroleum products. Preservation of top soil During construc tion, soil becomes unconsolidated due to removal of stabilizing material such as vegetation and disturbance of stabilized existing grade resulting in loss of to p soil and also deposition in the undesirable places. A soil erosion and sedimen tation control plan to be prepared prior to construction and should be applied e ffectively. Measures for preservation of topsoil are given below. Protected trees are the trees that are undisturbed during the construction. tree s are the ones that are uprooted and preserved for re-plantation at original loc ation after the construction activity is over. 3 Transplanted trees are the tree s that are uprooted and replanted at different location. 4 Removed trees are the ones that are uprooted for construction. 5 Young trees have height less than 2. 00 m (meters), 0.10 m trunk girth at 1.00 m height from ground, 2.00 m crown dia meter. 1 2 Preserved 17

TERI GRIHA TERI Collection storage and reapplication of top soil Top soil removal and preservati on (for areas where construction activity will disturb the tops oil) should be m andatory for development of projects with area greater than 10,000 m2 (square me ter). Top soil should be stripped to a depth of 20 cm (centimeters) from the are as proposed for buildings, roads, paved areas, and external services. Top soil i s rich in organic content and is essential for new vegetation. It shall be stock piled to a height of 40 cm in designated areas and shall be reapplied to site du ring plantation of the proposed vegetation. Top soil shall be separated from sub soil debris and stones larger than 50 mm (millimeter) diameter. The stored top s oil may be used as finished grade for planting areas. Sedimentation basin Sedime ntation basin, a temporary dam or basin at the lowest convenient point of the si te, should be constructed for collecting, trapping, and storing sediment produce d by the construction activities, together with a flow detention facility for re ducing peak runoff rates. This would allow most of the sediments to settle befor e the runoff is directed towards the outfall. Contour trenching Contour trenchin g is an earth embankment or ridge-and-channel arrangement constructed parallel t o the contours along the face of the slope at regular intervals on the lengths a nd slopes greater than 10% (1:10). They are used for reducing runoff velocity, i ncreasing the distance of overland runoff flow, and to hold moisture and minimiz e sediment loading of surface runoff. Mulching Mulch is simply a protective laye r of a material that is spread on the top of the soil. Mulches can either be org anic, such as grass clippings, straw, bark chips, and similar materials, or inor ganic, such as stones and brick chips. Mulching should be used with seedings and plantings in steep slope areas (slopes>33%). Steep slopes are prone to heavy er osion. Netting or anchoring should be used to hold it in place. Other surface ru noff control measures like contour terracing to break up concentrated flows shal l be installed prior to seeding and mulching. Materials such as straw, grass, gr ass hay, and compost shall be placed on or incorporated into the soil surface. I n addition to stabilizing soils, mulching will reduce the storm water runoff ove r an area. Mulching when done with seedings or plantings, aids plant growth by h olding the seed, fertilizers, and top soil in place. It retains moisture and ins ulates the soil against extreme temperatures. 1.1 Commitment 1.1.1 Select proper timing for the construction activity to minimize site disturbance such as soil pollution due to spilling of the construction mate rial and its mixing with rainwater. 1.1.2 Use staging and spill prevention and c ontrol plan to restrict the spilling of the contaminated material on site. 1.1.3 Protect the top soil from erosion. Use collection storage and reapplication of the top soil, sediment basin, contour trenching, mulching, soil stabilization me thods to protect the top soil from erosion during construction. 1.1.4 Specify an d limit construction activity in pre-planned/designated areas. 1.1.5 Preserve ex isting mature trees on-site during the course of construction by preserving and transplanting them. 1.1.6 Compensate the loss of vegetation (trees) due to the c onstruction activity by compensatory plantation. Replant the same number of matu re or fully grown trees as eliminated during the construction of the proposed la ndscape design. Replant the same, native and/or noninvasive species, which exist ed on the site before elimination in the proportion of 1:3. 18

TERI GRIHA TERI 1.1.7 Plant in excess of 25% to the minimum required (i.e. in addition to the requirem ent prescribed in commitment 1.1.6) within the site premises (plantation to foll ow same criteria as ab ove). 1.2 Compliance 1.2.1 1.2.2 Certificate of architect in prescribed format confirming the proper timing of construction. CAD (computer aided design) drawing showing site plan of existing and proposed buildings, existing vegetation, existing slopes, and drai nage pattern. Demarcate areas on the site plan to which site activities will be limited. One document to be submitted after construction of the building, a brie f description along with photographic records to show that other areas have not been disrupted during construction. The document should also include brief expla nation and photographic records to show erosion and sedimentation control measur es adopted. (Document CAD drawing showing site plan details of existing vegetati on, existing buildings, existing slopes and site drainage pattern, staging and s pill prevention measures, erosion and sedimentation control measures and measure s adopted for top soil 1.2.4 preservation during construction given in Box 1.1 ) . Site plan showing existing vegetation, existing buildings, existing slopes and existing site drainage pattern, Staging and spill prevention measures, erosion and sedimentation control measures . Site plan (one CAD drawing) along with a na rrative to demarcate areas on site from which top soil has to be gathered, desig nate area where it will be stored, measures adopted for top soil preservation an d indicate areas where it will be reapplied after construction is complete. One CAD drawing showing proposed landscape plan with identification of trees (differ ent colour coding for trees to be used for protected, preserved, transplanted, r emoved trees) corresponding to the existing tree survey table (to be included in the drawing), existing and new buildings, proposed site drainage pattern. Expla in in brief measures adopted for protecting existing landscape (limit to 250 wor ds). Certificate of landscape architect confirming proper protection and preserv ation of existing trees during construction process. Landscape plan, clearly hig hlighting the trees removed areas (indicating the number of trees), if applicabl e, with the number of replanted trees in the proportion of 1:3 in the proposed l andscape The following documents are to be submitted: 1.2.3 1.2.5 1.2.6 1.2.7 1.2.8 19

TERI GRIHA TERI design. List details about species, which existed, and the species that 1.2.9 ha ve been replanted on-site. Landscape plan to show that plantation in excess of 2 5% than minimum requirement has been done. 1.3 Appraisal (maximum points 5) 1.3.1 Ensure proper timing of construction with res pect to rain, as per clause 1.2.1. and Confine construction activ ity to pre-des ignated areas, as per clause 1.2.2 (1 point). Proper implementation of staging a nd spill prevention plan and Effective erosion and sedimentation control to prev ent erosion, as per clause 1.2.3 (1 point) mandatory point. Preserve top soil by employing measures described in Box1.1, as per clause 1.2.4 (1 point). Preserve existing vegetation by means of non-disturbance or damage to the trees and othe r form of vegetation, as per clauses 1.2.5 and 1.2.6 or Trees/plants replanted w ithin site premises in ratio of 1:3, as per 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5 1.3.6 1.3.7 clause 1.2.7 (1 point) mandatory point. 1.3.8 Trees/plants replanted within site premises in excess of 25% than minimum requirement as per clause 1.2.8 (1 point ). Note: If mandatory points are not complied, other points in this criterion will not be considered. 20

TERI GRIHA TERI Criterion 2 Soil conservation (till post-construction) Objective Conserve top soil till after completion of construction activity. Box 2.1 Top soil characteristics Fertility Presence of organic carbon helps in soil aggregation, improves water holding cap acity thus helps in slowing content >500 ppm (parts per million) shall not be used for the purpose of landsc aping. down the flow of water through the soil, The optimum level of organic carbon in soil ranges from 0.5 -1.0 %. Maintain pH of 6.07.5; add lime where pH<6.0 to adjust to 6.5 or higher up to 7.5 . Any soil having soluble salt Ensure presence of basic inorganic nutrients i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in adequate amount for healthy grow th of vegetation. If application of fertilizers is required to enha nce fertility, ensure proper and timely application. Deficiency of organic and i norganic material can be improved by application of fertilizers, but care should be taken so as to avoid ove fertilization. The soil should be tested from ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) r accredited laboratory for primary pl ant nutrient and pH. Table 2.1 Rating chart for soil test values of primary nutr ients Nutrient Organic carbon Available nitrogen alkaline KMnO4-N (Kg/ha) Availa ble phosphorus Olsens P (Kg/ha) Available potassium Ammonium Acetate-K (Kg/ ha) R ating* Low <0.50 <280 <10 <120 Medium 0.50-0.75 281-560 11-25 121-280 High >0.75 >560 >25 >280 Recommended test** Colorimetric method; Datta et al Kjeldahl appa ratus Olsen method Ammonium acetate extraction method *Subject to minor variation as per local conditions. **Tests to be performed at ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research)accredited laboratory. Source: Sing h D, Chhoker, P K and Pandey, R N. 2000. Soil plant water analysis: a methods ma nual. New Delhi: Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 160 pp. Landscape architect/horticulturist recommendation of improving deficient nutrien t, timing of application of fertilizers and warning of excessive nutrient levels should be adopted. Judicious and timely applications of fertilizer are more ben eficial to the plants health and are less likely to cause environmental damage th an infrequent, heavy, ill-timed applications Top soil laying Top soil should be spread uniformly at a minimum compacted depth of 50 mm on a grade of 1:3 or stee per slopes; minimum depth of 100 mm for shallower slopes or 300 mm for flatter l and. Soil stabilization Water and dissolved chemicals move more quickly through coarse textured, sandy, or gravely soil, fine textured silt, clay soils. The soi ls high in organic matter slow down the flow of water. The vegetation cover is e ffective means to stabilize disturbed soil. In areas where construction activity has disturbed the land, temporary/permanent seeding shall be used till the fina l soil cover is established. Permanent plantation shall be done in areas where h igh velocity of water flow poses problem of erosion, e.g. buffer, vegetated swal es and steep slopes (grade>1:3). The foliage of plants effectively dissipates th e energy of heavy rain while roots provide grip to hold soil and thus help in pr otecting it from erosion. The vegetation selected for the purpose should be indi genous species. 21

TERIGRIHA TERI The use of mulches on sloped areas can help prevent runoff and erosion problems. Few of organic mulch materials include shredded bark, wood chips (waste from fu rniture industry), straw, and cottonseed hull, composted leaves, or shredded ced ar. Inorganic mulches such as pea gravel, crushed granite or pebbles should be u sed in unplanted areas. Stone mulches should not be used in areas immediately ad jacent to buildings, as they can heat up and cause glare. 2.1 Commitment 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 Ensure adequate fertility of the soil to support ve getative growth. Ensure adequate topsoil laying for vegetative growth. Ensure st abilization of soil in the area where the topsoil is vulnerable to erosion. 2.2 Compliance The following documents to be submitted. 2.2.1 Site contour plan (one CAD drawin g) showing drainage pattern and demarcating (a) areas where top soil laying is d one, and (b) area where vegetation cover is provided for top soil protection. 2. 2.2 Narrative explaining the methods of soil stablization used; wherever require d, accompanied by photographs with brief discription. 2.2.3 Certificate by the l andscape architect on topsoil laying, soil stabilization, and adequate primary s oil nutrient and pH (supported by Tests results performed at ICAR (Indian Counci l of Agricultural Research )accredited 2.3 laboratory). Appraisal (maximum points 4) 2.3.1 2.3.2 Proper top soil laying for vegetative growth, as per clauses 2.2 .1 (a), 2.2.2, 2.2.3 (2 points) Proper stabilization o f soil, as per clauses 2. 2.1 (b), 2.2.2, 2.2.3 (2 points) 22

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 3 Design to include existing site features Objective The natural functions of a plot of land (hydrologic, geologic, and microclimatic ) can be seriously disrupted by the placement of a building on it. The design of a green building will factor in the ways in which the natural site features can be protected or even restored. Layout the site activities and building requirem ents after carrying out detailed site analysis so as to ensure sustainable site development in tune with its topographical, climatic, and ecological character. (see Box 3.1). Box 3. 1 Analysis Site analysis evaluates all the on and off-site determinants w hether environmental, cultural, historical, urban or infrastructural, which affe ct the development of site and building programme. The main objective is to allo cate and define the use of various parts of the site in a manner that is most ap propriate to specific activities to be carried on the site. The purpose of site analysis is to determine the site characteristics so that the proper drainage sy stems, circulation patterns, landscape design, and other site development featur es can be considered in relation to the building design parameters such as build ing form, solar orientation, shape, skin-to-volume ratio, and materials, and str uctural and mechanical systems. 3.1 Commitment 3.1.1 Carry out a comprehensive site analysis to identify site characteristics t hat can be used to harness natural resources (like solar energy, wind, and water ) and the potential qualities of the landforms that could contribute to mak ing different areas of the site visually and thermally more comfortable for the user s. Appropriately locate various activities of the scheme after careful site anal ysis and site assessment so as to protect ecologically sensitive areas and reduc e damage to the natural ecosystem. Identify areas of the site that are damaged d uring construction and take steps to mitigate the harm and improve the natural s ite conditions. 3.1.2 3.1.3 23

TERIGRIHA TERI Box 3.2 Recommended checklist for identifying site characteristics that affect t he sustainable design: Render a site analysis on the basis of site inventory cha racteristics and establish a list of factors affecting the sustainable design (T able 3.1). Table 3. 1 Site Inventory and Design Impacts Site inventory Building design Characteristic Elements Geographical latitude and Building layout for sol ar orientation microclimatic factors such as wind Location of windows, entrances , and loads loading docks Location of air inlets Architectural elevations Surfac e to volume ratios Building proportions Wind loads Architectural elevations Drai nage strategies Solar access Building position for daylighting, photovoltaics, s olar passive techniques Construction of walls Selection of building materials an d finishes Foundation type Structural Specifications Foundation design and locat ion Placement of wind towers Location of fenestration on the basis of pressure d ifferentials, passive solar cooling design Planning for the capacity to accommod ate the proposed development Design flexibility for future extension Site design Elements Location of green and paved area Selection of vegetation and integrati on with the native landscape Biodiversity Use of landscape elements as buffer zo nes Gravity - fed sewer lines Land filling Natural site features for rain/storm water drainage Location of groundwater detention ponds Location of energy-effici ent features as solar pond Topography and adjacent landforms Placement of selective species of trees such as deciduous trees on the South Str uctural considerations for site landscaping e.g. retaining walls, fixed seating Site-grading procedures that minimize erosion Plant selections as per soil type Site layout of building structures to trap wind for ventilation Marking the pote ntial access points which dont burden the lower density or adjacent land use Loca tion of utility and Infrastructure for future extension Geologic and seismic data Soil types, textures and load-Bearing capacity Air mov ement patterns Parcel shape and access with adjacent land uses, buildings Neighbouring developm ents or proposed future developments Note: The Above list is an indicative list of building design and site design me asures for developing a understanding of possible measures for adequate site des igning. Heat island effect Size and density of the built-up area cause the heat island e ffect wherein higher air temperatures are created in the dense urban areas as ag ainst the low rise surrounding built-up areas. Solar access Solar access in the morphology of clusters can be understood in terms of utilization of direct (and not reflected or diffused) solar radiation mainly for day lighting and heat gain . This would define the minimal distances between the buildings and the relation s between built-up volume and open space. 24

TERIGRIHA TERI Building types Choice of building types depends mainly on the cost of the land, infrastructure, land availability and suitability as per the requirements. Each building type and combination of different type forms a matrix of environmental conditions, which affect the macro as well as the microclimate around and inside the building. Building types may be detached/semi-detached, with courtyard /pat io, high rise, row house. Open spaces The proportion of open space and its built -up edges should be designed such that it ensures winter solar access and summer ventilation. Vegetation may provide as shading and promote evaporative cooling. In hot dry climates, evaporative cooling through appropriately sized wet surfac es or fountains have a desirable effect. Categorize the climate zone as per the geographical attributes of the site Assess the existing air quality of the site if it falls under an industrial or commercial area Judge the suitability of soil and groundwater Study the native vegetation growth on the site Examine the past trends of natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods Data assessment Assess th e data collected for site analysis to decide on the hierarchy of importance amon g the potential factors affecting sustainable design. Impact assessment of the p roposed design for the topographical, hydrological site characteristics after es timating the overall building footprint compatibility with site. Review the pote ntial of any other alternative design scheme, which could mitigate upon resource s, and merge the built form with reduced site disturbance. Analyse the efficienc y model for the site on the basis of set of constants, variables, and constraint s Form an efficiency array with set of constants i.e., the factors which cannot be changed like the access road to the site, the soil characteristics, the natur al vegetation or the climate zone set of variables i.e., the factors which might give efficient results when mingled in different patterns like circulation patt erns, site materials etc., and set of constraints i.e., some factors that form t he psychological constraint for design like the building bylaws or local area re gulations. The most optimal and compatible combination can then be considered fo r a specific site development fit. 25

TERIGRIHA TERI Site development and layout After the potential factors affecting the sustainabl e design have been analysed and assessed and site is selected there of, the opti mal patterns for a sustainable development should be layered upon each other to organize all the proposed building elements to achieve an effective and operatio nal site development fit. The main intent remains to optimize the use of resourc es and energy savings by reducing the site disturbance during the constructional and occupancy phases of the project. The underlying goal can then be frozen thr ough generic design process, i.e. conceptually arriving at the best design throu gh project requirements vs. sustainable development by sequential incorporation of various design factors. These design factors can initially be visually concep tualized through sections or sketches. The site development can be done on the b est practices followed in each of the potential factor. Land use and existing fe atures Siting and orientation Landscaping Utility or infrastructure Pavements Ex ternal lighting Construction management For more details refer to Chapter 3: Site planning: sustainable building design manual, Volume 2; published by TERI; ISBN 81-7993053-X; 301 pp 3.2 Compliance The following documents to be submitted. 3.2.1 Provide drawings along with a nar rative to demonstrate that the zoning of areas on-site is appropriate to existin g site features (such as slopes, vegetation, water bodies, and other natural for mations). Support these with visual documentation such as photographs and land s urvey records before and after construction. 3.2.2 Carry out detailed site analy sis and provide narrative to demonstrate sustainable site planning as elaborated in Box 3.2. 3.3 Appraisal 2 point if all compliances are fulfilled as per clause, 3.2.1,3.2.2. 26

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 4 Reduce hard paving on site/and or provide shaded hard paved surfaces Objective T o reduce hard paving on - site (open area surrounding building premi ses) and/or provide shade on hard paved surfaces to minimize the heat island eff ect and imperviousness of the site. (see Box 4.1). Box 4.1 Best practices to mitigate heat islands Dark coloured and constructed su rfaces are prone to absorption and retention of solar energy. The retained solar energy also gets re-radiated to atmosphere during times when ambient temperatur e gets cooler. This gives rise to warmer temperatures in urban landscapes, which have large areas of constrained surfaces low on reflectance. This phenomenon of increased temperature in urban landscape is called heat island. Principle surfa ces that contribute to the heat island effect include streets, sidewalks, parkin g lots, and buildings. Heat island effect can be minimized by use of shading or reflective surfaces. As mentioned, hard paved surfaces are one of the major cons traints of heat in land effect. In addition to causing heat island effect, hard pavements also reduce perviousness of site. Enhanced perviousness of site minimi zes storm water run-off and is beneficial for localized aquifer recharge. This m ethod aims to encourage design measures to minimize negative impacts of the pave d areas. Design methodologies, which address the heat island phenomenon, affect the size and density and provide control for desired conditions, should be consi dered. Planting trees, bushes, or a properly planned landscaping can help reduce the heat island effect by reducing ambient temperatures through evapo-transpira tion. Plant vegetation around the building to intercept solar radiation and to s hade the walls and windows of buildings (with S, SW or SE exposure) to prevent h eat gain. This would also help in reducing air-conditioning load/use. Use light coloured, reflective roofs having an SRI (solar reflectance index) of 50% or mor e. The dark colored, traditional roofing finishes have SRI varying from 5% to 20 %. The fine example of higher SRI is the use of broken china mosaic, light colou red tiles as roof finish, which reflects the heat off the surface because of hig h solar reflectivity, and infrared emittance which prevents heat gain. Use comme rcially available, high solar reflective (albedo) roof coatings or heat reflecti ve paints on roofs used to shade paved areas. Dont use stone mulches such as fi ne gravel, crushed granite or pebbles in unplanted areas immediately adjacent to buildings, as they can heat up, reflect solar radiation inside, and also cause glare. Use high albedo or reflective pavements to keep parking lots, pavements a nd inside roads cool because the increase in albedo decreases the pavement tempe rature approximately by 8F for a change in albedo of 0.1. Use light coloured aggr egates or whitetop the pavements with 50 mm thick layer of cement concrete. Stabil ize the pavements with porous or permeable materials such as sand, crushed brick s, broken mosaic tiles or stones where the soil is stable or the traffic load is quite low. Recycled materials such as demolished concrete (rubble), broken chin a and mosaic tiles could also be used. 27

TERIGRIHA TERI Table 4.1: Run off co efficient for various surfaces Surface type Roofs conventi onal Roof garden <100 mm thick Roof garden 100 200 mm thick Roof garden 200 -500 mm thick Roof garden >500 mm thick Concrete/ Kota Paving Gravel Brick Paving Veg etation Slope 0-1% Slope 1% to 3% Slope 3% to 10% >Slope 10% Turf slopes 0% to 1 % 1% to 3% 3% to 10% > 10% 0.10 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.25 0.35 0.4 0.45 Runoff coefficie nt 0.95 0.50 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.95 0.75 0.85 Table 4.2 NBC (National Building Code 2005) standards for imperviousness factor applicable to different types of area Type of area Commercial and industrial are as Residential areas (high density) Residential areas (low density) Parks and un derdeveloped areas 3.4 Imperviousness factor (%) 70-90 60-75 35-60 10-20 4.1 Commitments 4.1.1 Total paved area of the site under parking, roads, paths, or a ny other use not to exceed 25% of the site area or net imperviousness of the sit e not to exceed the imperviousness factor as prescribed by the National Building Code of India, Bureau of Indian Standards,2005; Part 9 (Plumbing services) Sect ion 5.5.11.2.1, whichever is more stringent. 4.1.2 Total surface parking not to exceed the area as permissible under the local bylaw and more than 50% of the pa ved area to have previous paving/open grid pavement/grass pavers, or 28

TERIGRIHA TERI a minimum 50% of the paved area (including parking) to have shading by vegetated roof/pergola with planters, or a minimum 50% of the paved area (including parki ng) to be topped with finish having solar reflectance of 0.5 or higher. Combination Minimum 50% of area to have any combination of above mentioned strat egies for pervious paving shaded paved area or area with SRI > 50% where common area having 2 or more strategies shall be calculated only once. 4.2 Compliance T he following may be submitted. 4.2.1 Calculations to support design commitment, as per following equations (1-6). Paved area (%) = Impervious area on ground ( m 2 ) Total site area ( m 2 ) equation (1) Impervious paved area on-site to include parking, driveways, sidewalks, roads, b oundary wall, often plazas walkways, etc. Exclude areas that have pervious pavin g (grass pavers, open grid pavements, gravel paving, etc. Total site area is an area of plot used for calculation of floor area ratio/floor space index. Pervious paving(%) = Pervious paving( m 2 ) Total paved area( m 2 ) equation (3) eq u a t i o n ( 2 ) Imperviousarea on ground and roof ( m 2) = Surface Area Runoff coefficient ( fro m Table in box4.1) Imperviousness (%) = Total Im perviousarea as per equation 3(m 2 ) Total site area ( m 2 ) Paving with vegetated roof (m 2 ) Total paved area (m 2 ) equation (4) Shade (%) by vegetated roof = . equation (5) Area (%) with( SRI ) ( Solar reflectance index) > 0.5 = Paved area with SRI > 0.5 Total paved area ( m 2 ) equation (6) 29

TERIGRIHA TERI 4.2.2 Site plan (one drawing) with area statements clearly showing all paved are as (paved areas should be labeled as per use e.g. walkways, driveways, parking, sit out etc.) The following details as applicable. Demarcate areas that have veg etated roof. Provide details of vegetated roof. In case high reflectance surface is provided, submit details of reflectance of surface finish. 4.2.3 Demarcate areas having pervious paving. Certificate by Architect to certify that total surface parking not to exceed as permitted by local bylaw. 4.3 Appraisal (maximum point 2) 4.3.1 Total paved a rea of site under parking, roads, paths, or any other use not to exceed 25% of s ite area or net imperviousness of site should not exceed the imperviousness fact or as prescribed by National Building Code 2005, Part 9 (Plumbing services) sect ion 5.5.11.2.1, whichever is more stringent. As per clause equation 1 and equati on 4 (Reference documents: 4.2.1. and 4.2.2.) (1 point) 4.3.2 Total surface park ing not to exceed as permitted by local bylaw (mandatory) and more than 50% of the paved area to have pervious paving/open grid pavement/grass pavers (equation 2), or minimum 50% of the paved area (including parking) to ha ve shading by vegetated roof/pergola with planters (equation 3), or minimum 50% of the paved area (including parking) to be topped with finish with solar reflec tance of 0.5 or higher (equation 4) (1 point). (Reference documents: 4.2.1. and 4.2.2.) 30

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 5 Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency Objective Enhance energy efficiency of outdoor lighting and promote usage of ren ewable forms of energy to reduce the use of conventional/fossil fuel based energ y resources. 5.1 Commitment 5.1.1 Luminous efficacy of external light sources us ed for outdoor lighting shall equal or exceed as specified in Table 5.1. Table 5.1 Minimum allowable values of luminous efficacy of lamps for outdoor lig hting Minimum allowable luminous Light source efficacy (lm/W) CFL (Compact fluor escent lamps) 50 FL (Fluorescent lamps) 75 MH (Metal Halide) 75 HPSV (High press ure sodium vapour lamp) 90 5.1.2 5.1.3 All outdoor lightings to be fitted with an automatic on/off switch. A minimum 25 % of the total number of outdoor lighting fixtures to be powered by solar energy . Outdoor lighting system includes (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) security lighting, street lighting, landscape lighting, faade lighting, and parking lighting (v) 5.2 Compliance The following documents to be submitted: 5.2.1 Luminous efficacy of each type of lamps used in outdoor lighting. Luminous efficacy (lm/W) = [{lamp lumen output (lm)}/{lamp wattage 5.2.2 (W)+ballast power loss (W)}]. Format given in Table 5. 2. Outdoor lighting layout with manufacturers details of lamps, ballasts, luminar ies, and automatic controls. Wiring diagram and placement of 5.2.3 automatic swi tch(s) for outdoor lighting. Demarcate solar lighting systems for outdoor lighti ng in outdoor lighting layout and give details of the same. 31

TERIGRIHA TERI Cod e Table 5.2 Format for luminous Efficacy Calculation Luminaire Lamps Make Descript i on TBC-22 Type CFL Make Philip s Lumen output 600 Wattag e 10 Type Electron ic Ballast Make Philip s Power loss (W) 2 Luminaire wattage (Lamp+Ballas t) 12 Luminous Efficacy Achieve d 50 Minimum recommend ed 50 A-1 Philips 5.3 Appraisal (Maximum 4 points) 5.3.1 Luminous efficacy of 100% of lamps used in ou tdoor lighting (as given in Table 5. 2) meets the corresponding lamp luminous ef ficacy as mentioned in Table 5.1 as per clauses 5.2.1 (1 point) 5.3.2 5.3.3 Auto matic controls for 100% of outdoor lights as per clause 5.1.2 (1 point). Percent age of total outdoor lighting fixtures with solar lighting system as per clause 5.1.3 (25%-50% = 1 point and >50% =2 points). 32

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 6 Plan utilities efficiently and optimise on site circulation efficien cy Objective T o reduce site disruption due to laying, maintain utility lines, and minimize energy use by on-site utilities and also reduce transportation corridor s on-site, thus reducing the pollution loads . (see Box 6.1). Box 6.1: Guidelines for efficient planning of utilities and site circulation The Site infrastructure includes traffic, transportation, utility systems, and plan ning the pattern of movement for these. Every site has a carrying capacity for h uman activity, which is based on the sensitivity of the site resources and the r egenerative ability of the land. This capacity needs to be gauged during several phases of a development. Planning infrastructure for a sustainable site forms t he foremost issue in deciding the carrying capacity of the facilities, the conce ntration of facilities vs their dispersal, their location according to natural s ite system so that the site disturbance can be minimized, dividing the site into impermeable areas, its ratio to gross site coverage, and enabling the site desi gn to be flexible enough for future extension or development. Under-used infrast ructure waste materials, energy and resources, which result in cutting down of n atural habitat for plants and animals, thus optimal usage plan for the traffic f low, transportation and utility become significant. Recommendations and practice s for utility/infrastructure Integrate and use the existing utility and transpor tation infrastructure and capacity to minimize the need for new infrastructure S elect utility systems in accordance with the established natural system on-site Use gravity sewer systems Plan utility corridors Site utility systems with the l andscape Analyse the existing road system and networks for parking; pedestrians to form site circulation patterns Design the site plan to minimize the length of primary or secondary circulation, pedestrian walkways, utility lines, and build ing footprint Improve safety and security Plan for the alternative traffic/trans portation strategies Incorporate the use of telecommunicating strategies For more details refer to Chapter 3: Site planning: sustainable building design manual, Volume 2; published by TERI; ISBN 81-7993053-X; 301pp 6.1 Commitment 6.1.1 Design a site plan to minimize road length and building footpri nt. 6.1.2 Use aggregate utility corridors. 6.1.3 Consolidate utility corridors a long the previously disturbed areas or along new roads, in order to minimize unn ecessary cutting and trenching and to ensure easy maintenance. Local codes and r equirements for water, sewer, and electrical/telecommunication line should be co nsidered. 6.1.4 Consolidate services, pedestrian, and automobile paths. Complian ce 6.2 33

TERIGRIHA TERI The following documents to be submitted. 6.2.1 A narrative (maximum 300 words) a long with supporting drawing to prove that road lengths and building footprint a re minimized. 6.2.2 Site plan in CAD file with section of aggregate utility corridor with util ity lines. 6.2.3 Site plan in CAD file showing that all services along with the pedestrian and vehicular paths are consolidated. 6.3 Appraisal (maximum 3 points ) 6.3.1 Demonstrated use of minimization and consolidation of transportation/ser vice corridors as per clause 6.2.1. (1 point) 6.3.2 Use of aggregate utility cor ridors as per clause 6.2.2 (1 point) 6.3.3 Consolidation of utility corridors al ong the previously disturbed areas or along the new roads, in order to minimize unnecessary cutting and trenching, and to ensure easy maintenance as per clause 6.2.3 (1 point) 34

TERIGRIHA TERI Health and well being Construction activities are large polluters of environment. Large volumes of sus pended particulate matters are released during construction work leading to air pollution. Unhygienic site sanitation facilities cause damage to environment and to the health of the construction workers. Green buildings should address these issues. Criterion 7 Provide minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for constructi on workers Objective T o ensure the health and safety of the workers during construction, w ith effective provisions for the basic facilities of sanitation, drinking water, safety of equipments or machinery , etc . (see Box 7 .1). Box 7.1: Some best practices for construction safety Guarding all parts of dange rous machinery. Precautions for working on machinery. Maintaining hoists and lif ts, lifting machines, chains, ropes, and other lifting tackles in good condition . Durable and reusable formwork systems to replace timber formwork and ensure th at formwork where used is properly maintained. Ensuring that walking surfaces or boards at height are of sound construction and are provided with safety rails o r belts. Provide protective equipment; helmets etc. Provide measures to prevent fires. Fire extinguishers and buckets of sand to be provided in the fire-prone a rea and elsewhere. Provide sufficient and suitable light for working during nigh t time. Dangers, health hazards, and measures to protect workers from materials of construction, transportation, storage etc. Safety policies of the constructio n firm/division/company. 7.1 Commitment 7.1.1 Comply with the safety procedures, norms and guidelines (as app licable) as outlined in the document Part 7 _Constructional practices and safety , 2005, National Building code of India, Bureau of Indian Standards 7.1.2 Adopt additional best practices, prescribed norms as in Doc No. CED 46(6086), July 200 3: Draft National Building Code of India: Part 7 Constructional practices and sa fety, issued by Bureau of Indian Standards 7.1.3 Provide clean drinking water to all workers 7.1.4 Provide adequate number of decentralized latrines and urinals to construction workers. Compliance 7.2 The following documents to be submitted. 35

TERIGRIHA TERI 7.2.1 Signed letter by competent authority to demonstrate compliance with National Bui lding Code Part 7 Constructional practices and safety (latest revision) and prop osed additions. 7.2.2 Proof in the form of relevant sections of tender document to show that the safet y norms and procedures as committed to be complied with are included in the scop e of work of the contractor. 7.2.3 7.2.4 Site photographs to demonstrate compliance by the contractor. Detailed narrative (not more than 250 words) on provision for safe drinking water and sanitation f acility for construction workers and site personnel. 7.3 Appraisal (maximum 2 points) 7.3.1 7.3.2 Compliance with National Building Code norms on construction safety for ensuring safety during construction (1 point), as per clauses 7.2.17.2.3. Provision for health and sanitation facility as specif ied above (1 point), as per clause 7.2.4. 36

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 8 Reduce air pollution during construction Objective The dust generated by various construction site activities can contrib ute significantly to air pollution. Dust and outdoor air pollutants can cause re spiratory problems. Good construction practices involve major mitigation measure s for prevention or minimization of air pollution from construction activities. T his measure aims to reduce air pollution due to on site construction. Box 8.1: Measures to reduce air pollution Site preparation Clear vegetation only from the areas where work will start right away Vegetate/mulch areas where vehi cles dont ply Apply gravel/landscaping rock to the area where mulching/paving is impractical Identify roads on site that would be used for vehicular traffic. Upg rade vehicular roads (if these are unpaved) by increasing surface strength by im proving particle size, shape, and mineral types that make up the surface and bas e. Add surface gravel to reduce source of dust emission. Limit amount of fine pa rticles (smaller that 0.075 mm) to 10% 20% Limit vehicular speed on site to 10 km /hour Water spraying This will be done by wetting the surface by spraying water on any dusty materials before transferring, loading, and unloading, area where d emolition work is being carried out, any unpaved main haul road, areas where exc avation or earth-moving activities are to be carried out. Cover and enclosure Th is could be done by providing hoardings of not less than 3 m high along the site boundary, next to a road or other public area. providing dust screens, sheeting or netting to scaffold along perimeter of a building. covering fully stockpile of dusty material with impervious sheeting. covering dusty load on vehicles by i mpervious sheeting before they leave the site. transferring, handling/storing dr y loose materials like bulk cement, dry pulverized fly ash inside a totally encl osed system. 8.1 Commitment 8.1.1 Adopt measures to prevent air pollution in the vicinity of the site due to construction activities. There is no reference standard for this. Th e best practices referred in the box below. (Box9. 1) should be followed (as ado pted from international best practice documents and codes). 8.1.2 Provision in t he contract document that the contractor will undertake the responsibility to pr event pollution dust and smoke; ensure that there will be adequate water supply/ storage for dust suppression; devise and arrange methods of working and carrying out the work in such a manner 37

TERIGRIHA TERI as to minimize the impact of dust on the surrounding environment, and provide ex perienced personnel with suitable training to ensure that these methods are impl emented. Prior to the commencement of any work, the methods of working, plant, e quipment and air pollution control system to be used on the site should be made available for the inspection and approval of the engineer-in-charge of construct ion to ensure that these are suitable for the project. 8.2 Compliance 8.2.1 Narr ative (not more than 300 words) explaining the air pollution preventive measures that have been adopted on site. Site photographs showing different stages of co nstruction along with preventive measures 8.2.2 to support the claim. Relevant s ections of tender document showing that air pollution prevention measures are ma ndatory to be adopted by contractors during construction. The following documents are to be submitted. 8.3 Appraisal 8.3.1 Demonstrated use of air pollution preventive measures as per clause 8.2.1 and 8.2.2 (2 point). 38

TERIGRIHA TERI Section 2 Building planning and construction An integrated approach to building planning and construction is required to achi eve maximum benefit in terms of the environment. Appropriate interventions at th e design and construction stages are critical to any sustainable building. These interventions lead to a reduced demand for depletable resources and efficient r esource utilization. Options for recycling and reuse of waste further add to the sustainability of the building as a system. Conservation and efficient utilizat ion of resources Appropriate interventions at the planning and design stage can ensure the saving of valuable resources (water, energy, and materials) throughou t the life cycle of a building. The following criteria aim the above intent. Criterion 9 Reduce landscape water requirement Objective To reduce the landscape water requirement for so as to minimize the lo ad on the municipal water supply and depletion of groundwater resources. (see Bo x 9.1). Box 9.1: Best practices to reduce water usage for landscaping Xeriscaping Xerisc ape means the conservation of water and energy through creative landscaping. Thi s word is derived from the Greek word Xeros meaning dry and these plants can liv e, once established, with little or no supplemental watering. Some are drought t olerant. It is recommended that: The landscape should be a mix of native shrubs and xeriscape plants. Reduce the lawn area, and plant more of trees that require no water after establishment. Plant palm trees which are xerophytic such as Pho enix dactylifera, Yucca starlite. Use ground covers such as Asparagus sprengeri, which is succulent, Pandanus dwarf which is xerophytic, and Bougainvillea which is a climber. Drip irrigation Drip irrigation system or sub-surface drip irriga tion system results in saving of water as it avoids loss of water due to run-off , deep percolation, or evaporation. Sprinkler irrigation Sprinkler irrigation is a method similar to natural rainfall in which water is distributed through a sy stem of pipes. For maintaining uniform distribution of water, the pump supply sy stem, sprinklers and operating conditions must be designed appropriately. Sprink lers are most suited to sandy soils with high infiltration rates. The average ap plication rate should be less than the basic infiltration rate of the soil so as to avoid surface ponding and run-off. It is better to use sprinklers that produ ce fine sprays and not those that produce larger water droplets. Native vegetati on Native vegetation is original to a particular place, including trees, shrubs, and other plants 39

TERIGRIHA TERI Evapo-transpiration rate The potential evapo-transpiration rate (PET) is the cli mate factor, refers to the amount of water required by the plant for healthy gro wth (depending on the climate). Evapo-transpiration rate determines the rate at which plants lose water through evaporation. It is affected by humidity and temp erature at a given time. These rates vary with the season and are different for different months. The data is available with the Indian Meteorological Departmen t for each city. The data can be procured from Additional Director General of Me teorology (Research), Shivajinagar, Pune 411 005 Efficiencies of irrigation syst ems Irrigation efficiency refers to the ability of an irrigation system to deliv er water to plants without evaporation or other means of water loss. Irrigation system Efficiency Micro, drip 85% Micro, spray 80% Multiple sprinkler 75% Sprink ler, large guns 70% Seepage 50% Crown flood 50% Flood 50% 9.1 Commitment 9.1.1 Design the landscape so as to reduce water consumption by 30% 0 r more (up to 50%) 9.2 Compliance 9.2.1 Narrative demonstrating water saving measures adopted in the landscape The following documents are to be submitted. plan. 9.2.2 Planting plan indicatin g the list and nature of species, and area covered. 9.2.3 Filled calculation she et of the water requirement after establishment for landscape in LPD (litres per day) for each month due to variation in PET (potential evapo-transpiration rate ) 9.2.4 Provide cut sheets of the irrigation equipment showing the technical spe cifications, such as flow rate and dimensions. 9.3 Appraisal (maximum 3 points) 9.3.1 Reduction in water consumption by 30% (1 point) (as per clause 9.2.3) 9.3. 2 Reduction in water consumption by 40% (1 points) (as per clause 9.2.3) 9.3.3 R eduction in water consumption by 50% (1 points) (Refer 9.2.3) 40

TERIGRIHA TERI Table 9.1 Calculation of landscape water requirement for design case (for e.g.: Hissar, Haryana) Plant species Evapo-transpiration Plant Canopy Irrigation syste m Water requirement (LPD) rate (m/day) factor area (m2) efficiency Lawns 0.002 1 100 0.75 1000*100*1*0.002/0.75 Native 0.002 0.4 100 0.85 1000*100*0.4*0.002/0.8 5 Newly 0.002 0.7 100 0.75 1000*100*0.7*0.002/0.75 planted Trees 0.002 0 100 0 T otal daily water requirement (litres) Total monthly water requirement (litres) T otal annual water requirement (litres) Daily water requirement for base case (li tres)= 1000*area of lawns (m2)*1*0.002/0.75 Monthly water requirement for base c ase (litres) Annual water requirement for base case (litres) Water use reduction (%) = [Annual irrigation water requirement (Base case Design case)/Base case] * 100 Canopy area: Canopy area is square foot area of plant view of the plant a) assumed as 269 sq.ft. per tree and 162 nos. in an acre. b) assumed as area cover ed by shrubs and grass Plant factor: Plant factor refers to the water requiremen t of plant. Plants are classified according to the resistance to stress. 41

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 10 Reduce the water use by the building Objective To reduce the water consumption in the building by using efficient fix tures (see Box 10.1). Box 10.1: Best practices 1) Use of efficient plumbing fixtures, sensors, auto va lves, pressure reducing device wherever possible can result in significant reduc tion in water consumption 2) Water efficient fixtures Conventional toilets use 1 3.5 litres of water per flush. Low flush toilets are available with flow rate of 6.0 litres and 3.0 litres of water per flush. Dual flush adapters can be used f or standard flushing for solid waste and a modified smaller flush for liquid was te. Flush valves with 2025 mm inlets can be used for restricting the water flow C omposting toilets Water-efficient urinals The conventional urinals use water at a rate of 7.511 litres per flush. Use of el ectronic flushing system or magic eye sensor can further reduce the flow of wate r to 0.4 litres per flush. Waterless urinals use no water. 3) Auto control valve s Installation of magic eye solenoid valve (self-operating valves) can result in water savings. The sensor taps has automatic on and off flow control. It is not only convenient and hygienic but also an excellent water saving device that can work under normal water pressure. It functions with parameters such as distance and timing. 4) Pressure reducing device Aerators and pressure inhibitors for co nstant flow. Use of aerators can result in flow rates as low as 2 litres per min ute, which is adequate for hand wetting purpose. Installation of flow regulators is done where the aerators cannot be installed. 5) Other means of reducing wate r for flushing toilets is to use composting toilets. Composting toilets is based on the biological process of conversion of the solids present in the human wast e into enriched manure. This consists of two underground pits. Over one to two y ears, the first pit will be filled with waste. During this time, bacteria digest the sludge. After two years of digestion, the contents are odourless and safe t o handle, and perfect to be used as soil fertilizer. The second pit is used when the first is full. For more details , Design manual, Sustainable building, Volu me 2, Chapter 4, ICAEN, 2004 (Published by TERI). 10.1 Commitment Reduce the total water consumption in the building by a minimum of 25 % or more than that by using conventional high flow fixtures. 10.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 10.2.1 Narrative demonstrating wate r saving measures adopted. 10.2.2 Specification sheets from manufacturers for ea ch fixture indicating the flow rates (at design pressure of 80 psi for faucets) (Refer: Knowldege bank for sustainable buildings by TERI for list of manufacture rs of lowflow plumbing fixtures) 42

TERIGRIHA TERI 10.2.3 Bill of quantities from the plumbing tender indicating the number and flo w rates of various fixtures 10.2.4 Provide design basis calculations demonstrati ng the percent reduction in building water demand as 25 or more (Refer Table 10. 1). Table 10.1 Estimation of building water use (sample calculation sheet) Present design case Building occupancy 1 2 3 4 5 Fixtures Water closets Kitchen faucets Water closets Waterless urinals Lavatory faucets No. of fixtures 100 Wor king days No. of uses (per Flow rates (lpf/lpm) # person/day) 6 4 7.5 3 3 4 0 4 7.5 3 Daily water consumption (litres) Annual water consumption (litres) 100 No. of fixtures 260 Water consumption (l) #lpf = litres per flush and lpm = litres per minutes Base case Building occupanc y Fixtures Water closets Kitchen faucets Lavatory faucets Working days 2 6 0 Wat er No. of uses (per consumption Flow rates (lpf/lpm) person/day) (l) 9 8 15 3 15 3 Daily water consumption (litres) Annual water consumption (litres) 1 2 3 No. of uses (for kitchen and lavatory faucets): In the presen t design case, num ber of usage/person/day = 6 Duration of single usage = 0.5 minutes Therefore, nu mber of uses (for kitchen and lavatory faucets) = 6 0.5 = 3 Table 10.2 Water use reduction (%) [Annual water demand (base case) annual water demand (design case)/annual water demand (Base case)] *100 10.3 Appraisal (maximum 2 points) 10.3.1 Reduction in water consumption by 25% (Refer calculation Table 10.1) (1 p oint) 10.3.2 Water use reduction by 50% (Refer calculation Table 10.1) (Addition al 1 point) 43

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 11 Efficient water use during construction Objective To minimize use of potable water during construction activity. 11.1 Co mmitment 11.1.1 Use materials such as pre-mixed concrete for preventing water lo ss during mixing. 11.1.2 Use recycled treated water. 11.1.3 Control the wasting of curing water (see Box 11.1). 11.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 11.2.1 Certificate of architect, co nfirming the initiatives taken on site to minimize the use of potable water duri ng construction. 11.2.2 Narrative on the initiatives on water use minimization, indicating the various sources of water. 11.3 Appraisal (1 point) 11.3.1 Efforts to minimize potable water use for construction as per clause 11.2.1, 11.2.2 (1 point) Note: this point is completely subject to evaluators discretion Box 11.1: Controlling wastes of curing water To avoid wastage of curing water, f ollow the following guidelines. Curing water should be sprayed on concrete struc tures; free flow of water should not be allowed for curing. After liberal curing on the first day, all concrete structures should be painted with curing chemica l to save water. This will stop daily water curing hence save water. Concrete st ructures should be covered with thick cloth/gunny bags and then water should be sprayed on them. This would avoid water rebound and will ensure sustained and co mplete curing. Ponds should be made using cement and sand mortar to avoid water flowing away from the flat surface while curing. Water ponding should be done on all sunken slabs, this would also highlight the importance of having an impervi ous formwork. 44

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 12 Optimise building design to reduce conventional energy demand Objective To apply solar passive measures including day lighting to reduce the d emand on conventional energy for space conditioning and lighting systems in buil dings. 12.1 Commitment 12.1.1 Arrange spaces with respect to favourable orientations, e.g. p lace of buffer spaces like toilet, service areas, and staircases along the west/ east faade of building; spaces with the requirement for natural lighting to be on the north. 12.1.2 Shade the east-west walls using shading device e.g. the louve r system, or any other shading system. 12.1.3 Do solar path analysis to arrive a t an appropriate size of shading device for each orientation or, use shading nor ms prescribed in SP 41: 1987 Functional requirement of buildings (Table 9 & 10 o r achieved SHGC [solar heat gain coefficient] recommended for fenestration as pe r Energy Conservation Building Code . 12.1.4 Perform daylight simulation and ens ure that all living spaces shall have a minimum of 75% area with daylight factor as prescribed in Bureau of Indian Standards (SP41: 1987 Functional requirement of buildings) under overcast conditions. 12.1.5 Perform lighting simulation to d emonstrate that the lighting levels in indoor spaces are maintained as recommend ed in National Building Code,2005,Bureau of Indian Standards, Part-8 building se rvices, Section 1, Lighting and Ventilation ,Table 8. Compliance 12.2.1 Submit s ite plan in 1:500 scale giving north line. 12.2.2 Submit building plan with inte rnal layout showing all functional spaces and interior layout in 1:200 scale (th e plan shall be referred to during post- occupation review). 12.2.3 Perform sola r path analysis (for each solstice and equinox day) of each building faade with w indow location, window height, distance from the adjacent building, any other ob struction. 12.2.4 Provide the window details in the following format along with floor plans (1:200 scale). 12.2 45

TERIGRIHA TERI Space Table 12.1 Window Details Window Height Window sill Solar Heat Gain Coefficient SHGC (Air conditioned / non air conditioned) Nomenclature Orientation (units) (units) SP41 recommended shading size or shading size determined by solar path analysis or to achieve ECBC recommended SHGc Overhang Multiplier Adjusted SHGC ECBC Recomm ended SHGC 12.2.5 Provide cut sheet for each window with shading size and type clearly dime nsioned. Along with each window cut sheet, the orientation should be marked. 12. 2.6 Submit daylight simulation result outputs in Table 12.2 format for all livin g spaces to demonstrate compliance with SP41. Table 12.2 Floor Level Room / Area Room Dimensions (Length x Width) Calculated d aylight factor at the centre of the room Recommended Daylight Factor as per SP41 12.2.7 Submit lighting level simulation result output in table 12.3 for all area s to demonstrate lighting level compliance with Bureau of Indian Standards. Table 12.3 Floor Level Room / Area Room Dimensions (Length x Width) Calculated a verage lighting (Lux) levels Recommended lighting levels as per NBC 12.2.8 Provide certificates from architect/service consultant on compliance with clause 12.2.6. 12.2.9 Provide certificates from architect/service consultant on compliance with clause 12.2.7. 46

TERIGRIHA TERI 12.3 Appraisal (6 points) 12.3.1 Appropriate planning which reflects climate responsi veness as per clauses 12.2.112.2.6 (2 points). 12.3.2 Adequate daylighting is pro vided as per clause 12.2.6 & 12.2.8 (2 points). 12.3.3 Over-design of lighting s ystem is avoided as per clause 12.2.7 & 12.2.9 (2 points). 47

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 13 Optimize energy performance of building within specified comfort li mits Objective To o ptimise energy use in energy systems in buildings that maintain a specified indoor climate conducive to the functional requirements of the buildi ng 13.1 Commitment 13.1.1 Follow mandatory compliance measures (for all applicable build ings) as recommended in the Draft energy conservation building code (under revie w and implementation) of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. 1 3.1.2 Show that energy consumption in energy systems in a building under a speci fied category is less than the benchmarked energy consumption figure, through a simulation exercise. The energy systems include air conditioning, indoor lightin g system, water heating, air heating and air circulation devices within the buil ding. 13.1.3 The annual energy consumption of energy systems in a fully air cond itioned building for day use in a composite climate should not exceed 140 kWh/m 2 (kilowatt hour per square metre) (benchmarked energy consumption figure). 13.1 .4 The annual energy consumption of energy systems in a fully non-air conditione d building for day use should not exceed 26 kWh/m2 (benchmarked energy consumpti on figure). 13.1.5 In a building that includes air conditioned and non-air condit ioned areas, the annual energy consumption of energy systems in totally aircondi tioned areas for day use should not exceed 140 kWh/m2 and the annual energy cons umption of energy systems in totally non-air conditioned areas for daytime opera tion should not exceed 26 kWh/m2. 13.1.6 Quantify energy usage for all electrica l, mechanical, and thermal systems for which either electrical or thermal energy is being used and which are being used to provide lighting, air conditioning, v entilation, heating (water and air), and air circulation.To convert thermal ener gy to electrical energy following table (table 13.1) should be used. Table 13.1 Energy conversion factors Energy unit Litres of LDO (light diesel oil ) Litres of HSD (high speed diesel) kg of LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) Conversion factor for kWh 8.3 8.5 13.9 48

TERIGRIHA TERI Energy unit SCM (Standard cubic metres) of PNG (Pipe natural gas) Conversion factor for kWh 7.0 13.1.7 Perform hourly calculations to show that in non-air conditioned areas, th e thermal comfort conditions as specified in the National Building Code, Bureau of Indian Standards, Part8 Building services; Section 1 Lighting and ventilation; Desirable wind speeds m/s for thermal comfort conditions, Table 9 and 10 are me t for 90% of all occupied hours. 13.1.8 Perform hourly calculation to show that in air conditioned areas the thermal comfort conditions as specified in the Nati onal Building Code, 2005 ,Bureau of Indian Standards Part-8 Building Services; S ection 3Air conditioning, heating and mechanical ventilation, Section 4.4.3 insi de design conditions are met for 100% of all occupied hours. 13.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 13.2.1 A narrative from architect/s ervices consultant describing compliance of the building with the mandatory prov isions (section 4.2, 5.2, 6.2, 7.2 and 8.2) of the Draft Energy Conservation Bui lding Code (under review and implementation) of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. 13.2.2 Annual energy consumption data for the building as per table 13.1 and 13.2, supported by the simulation results from the software u sed. Table 13.2: Annual energy consumption Total air-conditioned area (m2) Total annu al energy consumption (kWh) Annual kWh/m2 Percentage reduction in energy consump tion compared to the benchmarked energy consumption Total non air-conditioned ar ea (m2) Total annual energy consumption (kWh) Annual kWh/m2 Percentage reduction in energy consumption compared to the benchmarked energy consumption Table 13.3 : Unmet comfort conditions for non air-conditioned area Total occupied hours in a year Total number of dissatisfied hours in a year Dissatisfied hours as percen tage of occupied hours 13.3 Appraisal (12 points) 49

TERIGRIHA TERI 13.3.1 Compliance with Draft Energy Conservation Building Code as per clause 13. 2.1(2 points). 13.3.2 Reduction in energy consumption up to 10% of the benchmark ed figure and the thermal comfort criteria are fully met as per clause 13.2.1 (2 points). 13.3.3 Reduction in energy consumption between 11% and 20% of the benc hmarked figure and the thermal comfort criteria are fully met as per clause 13.2 .1 (4 points). 13.3.4 Reduction in energy consumption between 21% and 30% of the benchmarked figure and the thermal comfort criteria are fully met as per clause 13.2.1 (6 points) 13.3.5 Reduction in energy consumption between 31% and 40% of the benchmarked figure and the thermal comfort criteria are fully met as per cl ause 13.2.1 (8 points) 13.3.6 Reduction in energy consumption by more than 40% o f the benchmarked figure and the thermal comfort criteria are fully met as per c lause 13.2.1 (10 points) Notes: 1. Hourly calculation shall be performed using standard building energy s imulation software (DOE 2, TRNSYS, and Carrier etc.). Hourly weather file shall be generated using weather data acceptable by ISHRAE. 2. TERI shall vet all the calculations done by the energy consultant. 3. Day use buildings perform between 9 AM to 5 PM and for five day s a week. 4. For definition of climatic zones ref er Bansal N K and Minke G. 1988. Climatic zones and rural housing in India; (par t I of the Indo-German project on passive space conditioning, German Indian Coop eration in Scientific and Technological Development) Produced by International B ureau Kernforschungsanlage Julich GmbH, ZENTRABIBLIOTHEK. 50

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 14 Utilization of flyash in building structure Objective To u se low embodied energy industrial waste fly ash as the constructi on material. Fly ash, an industrial waste having the properties of cement and ve ry low embodied energy is used in combination with cements that are high in embo died energy . (see Box 14.1). Box 14.1: Best practices for flyash Use ready mix concrete or high-volume fly as h concrete for construction (commercially available from L&T, ACC etc.) or use P PC concrete for construction (commercially available by ACC suraksha, Lafarge ce ment, L&T cement, Jaypee Buniyad, Prism Champion etc, PPC must meet the requirem ents of IS 1489: 1991). Portland pozzolona cement This cement is equivalent to O PC (Ordinary portland cement) in mechanical strength, setting, and hardening and is an alternative to OPC, with an additional advantage of having mild sulphate resistance. Pozzolana cement or PPC (Portland Pozzolana Cement) is a mixture of ordinary Portland cement (65% 85%) and a pozzolana (15% 35%). Sometimes, PPC concr ete develops strength at a slower rate than OPC concrete. Calcined clay and fly ash are the most common pozzolana for PPC. Addition of fly ash significantly imp roves the quality and durability characteristics of resulting concrete. High vol ume fly ash concrete High volume fly ash concrete develops sufficient early stre ngth and workability, in addition to low temperature rise and high ultimate stre ngth. This is possible due to high dosage of plasticiser and low W/C ratio to th e extent of 0.300.35, ratio of cement, fly ash, fine and coarse aggregates 1:1.75 :3.5 with compressive strength reaching 4045Mpa on the 90th day. Fly ash based in novative and commonly produced building products in India Cellular light weight concrete blocks CLC (Cellular light weight concrete) blocks are substitute to br icks and conventional concrete blocks in building with density varying from 800 kg/m3 to 1800 kg/m3. The normal constituents of this are foaming agent based tec hnology cement, fly ash (to the extent 1/4th to 1/3rd of total materials constit uent), sand, water and foam (generated from biodegradable foaming agent). Using CLC walling and roofing panels can also be produced. Advantages of CLC Better st rength to weight ratio Reduction of dead load resulting in saving of steel and c ement and reduction in foundation size Better acoustics and thermal insulation ( air conditioning requirement is considerably reduced) Saving in consumption of m ortar and higher fire rating Development of fly ash based polymer composites as wood substitute Fly ash based composites have been developed using fly ash as fi ller and jute cloth as reinforcement. After treatment, the jute cloth is passed into the matrix for lamination. The laminates are cured at specific temperature and pressure. Number of laminates are used for required thickness. The technolog y on fly ash polymer composite using jute cloth as reinforcement for wood substi tute material can be applied in many applications like door shutters, partition panels, flooring tiles, wall paneling, ceiling, etc. With regard to wood substit ute products, it may be noted that the developed components/materials are strong er, more durable, resistant to corrosion and above all cost-effective as compare d to the conventional material i.e. wood. Ready mixed fly ash concrete 51

TERIGRIHA TERI Though ready mix concrete is quite popular in developed countries but in India i t consumes less than five per cent of total cement consumption. Only recently it s application has started growing at a faster rate. On an average, 20% fly ash ( of cement material) in the country is being used which can easily go very high. In ready mix concrete, various ingredients and quality parameters are strictly m aintained/controlled which is not possible in the concrete produced at site and hence it can accommodate still higher quantity of fly ash. Fly ashsandlimegypsum (c ement) bricks/blocks Fly ash can be used in the range of 4070%. The other ingredi ents are lime, gypsum (cement), sand, stone dust/chips etc. Minimum compressive strength (28 days) of 70 kg/cm2 can easily be achieved and this can go upto 250 kg/cm2 (in autoclaved type). Advantage of these bricks over burnt clay bricks Lo wer requirement of mortar in construction Plastering over brick can be avoided C ontrolled dimensions, edges, smooth and fine finish and can be in different colo urs (using pigments) Cost-effective, energy-efficient and environment friendly ( as avoids the use of fertile clay) Clay fly ash bricks Fly ash content can be 20% 60% depending on the quality of clay. Process of manufacturing is same as for th e burnt clay bricks. Advantages Fuel requirement is considerably reduced as fly ash contains some percentage of unburnt carbon Better thermal insulation Cost ef fective and environment friendly Initiatives taken by various govt. departments in India a) Initiatives by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt of India MoE F issued notification 8.0.763(E) dated 14th Sept.1999 containing directive for g reater fly ash utilization, some of which are as follows. i. Within a radius of 100 km from coal- or lignite-based thermal power plants, manufacturers of bricks /blocks/tiles would use at least 25% of ash in their product. ii. Every construc tion agency engaged in the construction of buildings within a radius of 50100 kms of TPP have to use 100% fly ash based bricks/blocks in their construction proje ct by the end of August 2007. Within 50 km radius of TPP, the deadline for use o f 100% fly ash based bricks/blocks is end of August 2005. It is pertinent to men tion here that any brick/block containing more than 25% fly ash is designated as fly ash brick/block. b) Status of standardisation in the country Several initia tives taken by countrys standardization body (Bureau of Indian Standards) regardi ng higher utilization of fly ash are given below. Updating Indian Standard on Por tland Pozzolana Cement Specification Part 1 Fly Ash based(IS 1489 (Part 1): 1991) . In the amended form, the fly ash constituent to be used shall not be less than 15% (from earlier 10%) and not more than 35% (from earlier 25%) by mass of PPC. Revision of basic Indian Standard Design Code for Plain and Reinforced Concrete (IS 456:2000). This revised code lays emphasis on the use of PPC/fly ash in con crete in aggressive environmental conditions. Revision of Indian Standard on Spec ification for fly ash for use as Pozzolana and Admixture (IS 3812-2003). Standard has been updated keeping in view the change in technologies leading to generati on of better quality of fly ashes and their wider applications. In the revised s tandard, the concept of improvement of fly ash properties through beneficiation/ segregation/processing has also been introduced. Quality and specifications 52

TERIGRIHA TERI The fly ash used shall conform to specification for fly ash for use as Pozzolana and Admixture to IS 3812: 2003. Moreover, percentage replacement of cement with fly ash in concrete shall not exceed the acceptable limits and exposure conditi ons conforming to IS 456: 2000. Portland Pozzolana cement (fly ash based) should conform to IS 1489 (part 1) 1991 Certificate by authorized structural engineer that structural integrity of the construction is conforming to the structural st andards as prescribed in IS Codes 14.1 Commitment To achiev e the objective, the following criteria can be applied to different components of building. 14.1.1 Reinforced concrete (RC) (including ready mix concrete) to make use of fly ash by using PPC containing fly ash. (Mi nimum 30% replacement of cement with fly ash in PPC (Portland Pozzolona Cement) by weight of the cement used in the overall RC for meeting the equivalent streng th requirements). 14.1.2 Use fly -ash in building blocks for the wall. Use of fl y ash- based bricks/blocks (for e.g., Fal-G stabilized, fly ashsand lime bricks, load bearing and non-load bearing fly ash- based concrete blocks, fly ash- based light weight aerated concrete walling blocks etc.) in case of both load- bearin g and non-load bearing wall systems, which utilize a minimum 40% of fly ash by w eight of cement for 100% load bearing and non-load bearing walls. 14.1.3 Use fly ash in Plaster/masonry mortar by employing PPC. Use plaster and/or masonry mort ar, which utilizes a minimum 30% of fly ash in PPC, in 100% wall/ceiling finishe s and wall construction, meeting the required structural properties. 14.2 Compli ance The following documents should be submitted: 14.2.1 Fly ash use in RC : Minimum 30% replacement of cement with fly ash by weight of cement used in the total str uctural concrete. Provide supporting document from the manufacturer of the cemen t specifying the fly ash content in PPC used in reinforced concrete. 14.2.2 For use of fly ash in building blocks of load bearing and non-load bearing wall : Mi nimum 40% replacement of cement with fly ash by weight, for 100% load bearing an d non-load bearing walls Provide supporting document from the manufacturer of th e pre-cast building blocks specifying the fly ash content of the blocks used in an infill wall system. 14.2.3 For use of fly ash in plaster and masonry mortar: Minimum 30% use of fly ash in place of cement by weight in overall plaster and m ortar requirement. Provide supporting document from the manufacturer of the 53

TERIGRIHA TERI cement/ready mix concrete, specifying the fly ash content in PPC used in plaster and masonry mortar. 14.2.4 Certificate from the architect specifying overall re placement of cement in the RC, pre-cast building blocks plaster and masonry in s pecified format (in prescribed certificate format). 14.3 Appraisal (maximum points 6) 14.3.1 Minimum 30% replacement of Portland cement with fly ash by weight of ceme nt used in structural concrete, as per clause 14.2.1 points 1 (additional 1 poin t if more than 30%). 14.3.2 Minimum 40% replacement of portland cement with fly ash by weight, for 100% load bearing and non-load bearing walls, as per clause 1 4.2.2 1 point (additional 1 point if more than 40%). 14.3.3 Certify minimum 30% replacement of portland cement with fly ash in plaster/masonry mortar, as per cl ause 14.2.3 1 point (additional 1 point if more than 30%). 54

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 15 Reduce volume and weight, and time of construction by adopting effi cient technologies (e.g. pre-cast systems, etc.) Objective Replace a part of energy -intensive materials with less energy -intens ive materials and/or utilize regionally available materials, which use low-energ y/energy -efficient technologies. (see Boxes 15.1 and 15.2). Box 15.1: Efficient technologies Sustainably managed materials, when compared wi th equivalent products for the same application, have the characteristics of nat ural resource conservation, low -energy content, reduction in the content of pri mary/high-energy materials, regional availability and low emission levels of pol lutant in each stage of their life cycle. The amount of materials used in the co nstruction of buildings for either structural or non-structural applications rep resent a significant use of natural resources, in terms of extracted raw materia ls and embodied energy. The aim of this measure is to replace a part of energy-i ntensive materials with less energy intensive materials or/and utilize regionall y available materials which offers reduced transportation, with the use of low energy/energy-efficient technologies (not based on the utilization of fly ash) i n structural or non-structural applications excluding wood, such as pre-cast tec hnologies for roofing or flooring, pre-cast infill wall panels, composite ferroc ement system, traditional mud walling techniques etc. These techniques cause red uction/overuse in the volume of concrete or steel used and at the same time save construction time on site. This credit takes into consideration only those mate rials or technologies which are not based on the utilization of fly ash. The app licant, therefore, can accredit either in the credit for utilization of fly ash or use of low -energy technologies. However, in any case, if the accreditation o verlaps on the aforesaid two credits, points would be awarded in any one of them . Box 15.2: Best practices Stabilized compressed earth blocks are made up of mud stabilized with five per cent cement lime etc. and compacted in block making ma chines with no burning. A good walling material such as burnt bricks is economic al, energy saving, and simple to manufacture. The soil to be used for the blocks should have the requisite component of clay, silt, and sand. Soil-stabilized ho llow and interlocking blocks can provide better thermal insulation. Stabilized a dobe is an improvement over traditional adobe or hand-moulded and sun-dried mud block in which mud is mixed with a small proportion of cement or lime or broken or cut dry grass as reinforcing media to impart added strength and lower the per meability. It is appropriate for dry climates. Precast stone blocks are of large r size than normal bricks. These are manufactured by using waste stone pieces of various sizes with lean cement concrete and enable a rationalized use of locall y available materials. This saves on cement, reduces thickness of stone walls an d eliminates the use of plasters on internal/external surface. Use native or qua rried stone where available within the delivery radius <100150 kms, which has a v ery less embodied energy content, negligible transport energy costs and needs on ly shaping. Light weight stone, which is made from cement and recycled aggregate s or furnace clinkers can also be a resourceful option. Pre-cast concrete blocks are made to similar dimension of stone blocks without large size stone pieces, but using coarse and fine graded aggregate with cement. They have excellent prop erties comparable to other masonry block. Pre-cast hollow concrete blocks are ma nufactured using lean cement concrete mixes and extruded through block making ma chines of egg laying or static type; need lesser cement mortar and enable speedy construction as compared to brick masonry; the cavity in the blocks provide bet ter thermal insulation and also does not need external/internal plastering. Thes e can be used for walling block or as roofing blocks along with inverted pre-cas t Tee beams. Rat-trap bond is an alternate brick bonding system for English and Flemish bond. Saves 25% of the total number of bricks and 40% of mortar. Composi te ferrocement system is simple to construct and made of ferrocement i.e. rich m ortar reinforced with chicken and welded wire mesh. This system reduces the wall thickness and allows larger carpet area. Pre-cast ferrocement units in trough s hape are integrated with RCC columns. Ferrocement units serve as a permanent ski n unit and a diagonal strut between columns. Inside cladding can be done with mu

d blocks or any locally viable material. 55

TERIGRIHA TERI 15.1 Commitment 15.1.1 Structural application Use of low-energy technologies/materials (not base d on the utilization of fly ash), which are used for structural applications suc h as roofing/flooring, columns, load bearing walls etc. and cause a minimum 5 % (by absolute volume) reduction in the use of high-energy materials such as cemen t, concrete, steel etc. when compared to equivalent products for the same applic ation, for a 100% structural system used in a building, meeting the equivalent s trength requirements. Examples of low-energy products and technologies used in s tructural applications: Pre-cast/pre-fabricated technologies such as pre-stresse d slab, extruded structural clay joist and filler slab, hollow floor/roof slabs, pre-cast reinforced brick/tile panels, pre-cast waffle/cored units, pre-cast in situ thin ribbed slabs, filler slabs or burned clay filler pots with RCC structu re, micro concrete roofing, pre-cast hollow plank roofing, funicular shells, zip bloc system, composite columns, reinforced grouted brick masonry, stone masonry, pre-cast stone blocks, pre-cast concrete blocks, pre-cast finished concrete blo cks, light-weight concrete blocks over dense concrete blocks, rat trap masonry , etc. 15.1.2 Non-structural application: masonry/infill wall system Use of low-e nergy technologies/materials (not based on the utilization of fly ash), which ar e used for non-structural applications, and cause a minimum 5% by absolute volum e reduction in the use of high-energy materials such as cement, concrete, steel, etc. when compared to equivalent products for the same application, for 100% in fill wall system used in a building, meeting the equivalent strength requirement s. Examples of low-energy product and technologies in non-structural application Infill wall system using traditional mud walling system, stabilized adobe walli ng, compressed earth blocks, hollow, perforated/modular bricks, interlocking bri cks, traditional stone masonry, pre-cast non-load bearing concrete blocks, finis hed concrete blocks, light weight concrete blocks over dense concrete blocks, pr e-cast brick panels, composite ferrocement walling, interlocking concrete blocks , rat trap masonry etc. 15.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 15.2.1 Cut sheets, specification sh eets and bill of quantity demonstrating the percentage reduction in high-energy materials with the use of low-energy technologies. 15.2.2 Document to demonstrat e the use of the aforesaid technologies in the relevant floor plans, with clear dimensioning and enlisting of specifications. 56

TERIGRIHA TERI 15.2.3 A narrative showing how the selected technology has amounted to reduction in high-energy materials or regional availability when compared with equivalent products for the same application. On-site photographs and construction project management plan, which would clearly demonstrate the use/construction/specifica tions of low- energy technologies. 15.3 Appraisal (maximum 4 points) 15.3.1 Structural application Use of low-energy technologies in structural appli cation clearly demonstrating a minimum five per cent reduction in high energy ma terials such as cement, concrete, steel, sand, bricks by absolute volume when co mpared with equivalent products for the same application, for 100% structural sy stem used in a building, meeting the equivalent strength requirements, as per al l compliance clauses (2 points). 15.3.2 Non-structural application Use of low-en ergy technologies/materials (not based on the utilization of industrial waste), which are used for non-structural applications such as infill wall system and ca use a minimum five per cent reduction in the use of highenergy materials such as cement, concrete, steel etc. by absolute volume when compared with equivalent p roducts for the same application, for 100% infill wall system used in a building , meeting the equivalent strength requirements, as per all the compliance clause s (2 points). 57

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 16 Use low energy material in interiors Objective T o use low-energy/recycled materials/finishes/products in the interio rs, which minimize the use of wood as a natural resource, and use low-energy mat erials and products, such as composite wood products/rapidly renewable materials / reused wood/low embodied energy products/products which utilize industrial was te/ recycled products. The various interior finishes used in the sub-system of t he building or the interior, which serve the aim of the credit, have been divide d into the following three major categories. (If any interior finish, acclaimed for credit, falls beyond this classification, the applicant has to clearly confi rm the criteria that meet the requirements of the credit. Sub-assembly/internal partitions/Interior wood finishes/panelling/false ceiling/In-built furniture/cab inetry Flooring Doors/windows, frames Box 16.1: Composite wood products such as hardboards, blockboards, lumber-core p lywood, veneered panels, particleboards, medium/low density fibreboards, made fr om recycled wood scrap from sawmill dusts or furniture industry bonded with glue or resin under heat and pressure. Rapidly renewable materials/products, which a re made from small diameter trees and fast growing low utilized species harveste d within a 10 year cycle or shorter such as bamboo, rubber, eucrasia, eucalyptus , poplar, jute/cotton stalks etc. The products include engineered products, bamb oo ply boards, rubber, jute stalk boards etc. Products, which utilize industrial waste such as wood waste, agricultural waste and natural fibres like sisal, coi r, and glass fibre in inorganic matrices like gypsum, cement, and other binders such as fibrous gypsum plaster boards etc. Salvaged timber and reused wood produ cts such as antique furniture etc. Low embodied energy products, which use recyc led materials like glass, crushed stone, and other waste, such as terrazzo, or w hich are resource efficient finishes such as finished concrete flooring, ceiling tiles, ceramic tiles etc. 16.1 Commitment A minimum 70% of the total quantity of all interior finishes and products used i n each of the categories mentioned above should be low- energy finishes/material s/products which minimize wood as a natural resource or utilize industrial waste , by using products in any category as listed in Box 16.1. 16.2 Compliance The following documents are to be submitted. 16.2.1 Cut sheets, specification sh eets, commercial brochures or certificate from the manufacturer of the low energ y finishes or products used in each category. 16.2.2 For each category, clearly demonstrate and differentiate the use of the aforesaid finishes/products in the relevant interior layouts/plans in a 58

TERIGRIHA TERI CAD drawing, either by shading, rendering or highlighting with clear dimension a nd enlisting of specifications. 16.2.3 The bill of quantity for each of the cate gory, as applicable to the applicant, clearly demonstrating that minimum 70% of the total quantity of all interior finishes and products are low energy. 16.2.4 A narrative and photographs showing how the selected low-energy finishes or prod ucts have minimized wood as natural resource or utilized low energy material and products, when compared with equivalent products for the same application. 16.2 .5 Certificate from architect/interior designer for use of low-energy material/p roduct in various categories meeting required criteria as described in the Commi tment. 16.3 Appraisal (maximum 4 points) Minimum 70% of the total quantity (gross area) of all interior finishes and prod ucts used for each of the category, as applicable to the applicant, to be lowene rgy finishes, for each of the following category. 16.3.1 Sub-assembly/internal p artitions/panelling/false ceiling/in-built furniture (2 points) as per clauses 1 6.2.116.2.5. 16.3.2 Flooring (1 point) as per clauses 16.2.116.2.5 16.3.3 Doors/wi ndows, frames (1 point) as per clauses 16.2.116.2.5. 59

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 17 Renewable energy utilization Objective To use of renewable energy sources in buildings to reduce the use of c onventional /fossil fuel- based energy resources (see Box 17. 1). Box 17.1: Use of renewable energy sources Renewable sources of energy (such as s olar, wind, biomass, geothermal, etc.) can provide the energy required for meeti ng the building energy demand. These sources are environmentally clean and non-e xhaustible. Natural sources of energy such as solar, wind, hydro power, tidal en ergy, ocean thermal and hydrogen are all renewable energy sources. Projected ava ilability of fossil fuels in future and environmental degradation (including glo bal warming) associated with usage of these fuels are the driving forces for inc reasing use of renewable energy sources. 17.1 Commitment 17.1.1 Energy requirement for a minimum 10% of internal lighting load (for gener al lighting) or its equivalent is met from renewable energy sources (solar, wind , biomass, fuel cells, etc.). Calculate energy requirements shall based on reali stic assumptions which are subject to verification. 17.1.2 On-site renewable ene rgy system sized to meet the minimum of the above load. Feasibility of the propo sed renewable energy system to be verified by the competent authority. Note: Internal lighting load is the total connected load in kW (kilowatts) for l ighting equipment (lamp and accessories). In case it is proposed to use renewabl e energy sources for applications other than lighting, the criterion of energy c onsumption equivalent of energy consumption of 10% of lighting load shall still be met. This shall, however, exclude the water heating loads for which separate criterion applies. 17.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 17.2.1 Detailed listing of connecte d load for lighting in format as in Table 17.1. 17.2.2 Calculation of connected load for lighting and energy requirement for the same. 17.2.3 List of all loads that are being powered by renewable energy sources (other than lighting load) an d their energy requirements. 17.2.4 Design calculations for renewable energy sys tem sizing and performance including annual energy generation. 17.2.5 Cut sheets of renewable energy systems with necessary details. 17.2.6 Drawings in CAD form at to show location of renewable energy systems. 60

TERIGRIHA TERI Table 17.1: Detailed listing of connected load for lighting Code Luminaire Make Philips Description TBC-22 Lamps Type CFL Make Philips Wattage 10 Ballast Type E lectronic Make Philips Power loss (W) 2 Luminaire wattage (Lamp+Ballast) 12 A-1 17.3 Appraisal (maximum 3 points) 17.3.1 Rated capacity of proposed renewable energy system meets annual energy requirements of equal to or more than 10% of internal lighting connected loads or its equivalent in the building (1 point) as per all compliance clauses. 17.3.2 Rated capacity of proposed renewable energy system m eets annual energy requirements of equal to or more than 20% of internal lightin g connected loads or its equivalent in the building (2 points) as per all compli ance clauses. 17.3.3 Rated capacity of proposed renewable energy system meets an nual energy requirements of equal to or more than 30% of internal lighting conne cted loads or its equivalent in the building (3 points) as per all compliance cl auses. Note: Lighting design shall be based on minimum requirements as per Bureau of In dia Standards, Table-3 of National Building Code, Part-8 Building services, Sect ion 1, Lighting and ventilation (under revision). Refer criterion 12.1.5 61

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 18 Renewable energy based hot water system Objective To use renewable energy sources to meet the hot -water need. Box 18.1: Guidelines Guidelines for sizing, installation, and use of solar syste ms Solar collectors should face south for maximum solar radiation collection. So lar collector tilt should be equal to the latitude of the place for maximum annu al energy collection. Solar collector tilt equal to latitude + 150 gives maximum energy collection in winter. Solar collector tilt equal to latitude 150 gives ma ximum energy collection in summer. Always check load carrying capacity of the ro of before placing the solar system. Typically, each solar collector of 2 m2 area weighs 50 kg. The solar tank when filled with water weighs 1.21.4 kg per litre c apacity of tank. (For example, 100 litre capacity tank weighs 120 kg) Ensure pro per anchoring of the system duly considering wind conditions. Solar collectors a nd tank must be easily accessible for cleaning and maintenance. Typically solar system needs 1.31.5 times the collector area for installation. For example, a sin gle collector system of 100 litre capacity having 2 m2 area needs 3 m2 of floor area for installation. Guidelines for solar system selection and use Check hardn ess of water to be used in solar system. Solar collectors have small diameter pi pes, which get chocked due to deposition of salt from hard water. In case of har d water, either water softener or heat exchanger type solar water heater can be used. It is a good practice to consider solar system location and optimize the a ssociated hot/cold water piping layout during the building design stage to reduc e the cost and heat losses due to longer piping. Always use good quality pipes a nd insulation for long life and trouble-free working. Its important to check oper ating pressure of supply of cold water line, especially when pressurized water i s circulated. Most solar systems available in India are not designed for pressur ized water supply. Ensure continuous supply of water to the solar system for eff icient and trouble-free operations. During long periods of no use (for example, while on vacation) always cover the solar collectors with nontransparent covers (e.g. old bed sheet or jute cloth)/to avoid overheating of solar system). It is a good practice to use the entire hot water at a time. Avoid using back up heate r. Do not keep back-up heater switched on. Set the thermostat of back-up heater at 55600C. Use proper vent or vacuum release valve and pressure relief valve for safe operation of solar system. Human body can tolerate temperature up to 450 C. Human skin burns at water temperature above 550C. Storage water heater temperat ure can be set at 55+50C. Guidelines for system sizing Typically solar hot water system is sized to meet one days requirement of hot water during winter. Typical hot water consumptions for various activities are given below. These can be use d as guidelines for calculating total hot water requirement. (The consumption fi gures may vary depending on life style, age, habits, and weather conditions.) Fo r bathing using bucket water = 15 litre per person per day (one bucket). For sho wer bath = 25 litre per person per day. For bath tub = 3550 litre per person per day. For cooking = 5 litre per person per day. For washing clothes = 10 litre pe r person per day. For washing utensils etc. = 5 litre per person per meal. For m aking tea/coffee = 150 ml per person per cup 62

TERIGRIHA TERI 18.1 Commitment 18.1.1 Ensure that a minimum 50% of the annual energy requirement for heating water (for application such as hot water for all needs except for space heating, e.g. for canteen, washing, bath rooms/toilets) is supplied from renewa ble energy sources. 18.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 18.2.1 Detailed hot water requireme nt calculations 18.2.2 Detailed calculations on energy required for heating wate r for all needs except for space heating (in kWh or litres of fossil fuel). 18.2 .3 Detailed design calculations for renewable energy system sizing and performan ce including annual energy generation. 18.2.4 Layout o f the proposed renewable energy system. 18.2.5 Test reports from approved test centre for system performa nce and efficiency. 18.3 Appraisal (maximum 2 points) 18.3.1 Annual energy saved by proposed renewable energy system is 50% to 70% of annual energy required for water heating to meet the hot water requirement of th e occupants in the building as per all compliance clauses (1 point). 18.3.2 Annu al energy saved by proposed renewable energy system is more than 70% of annual e nergy required for water heating to meet the hot water requirement of the occupa nts in the building as per all compliance clauses (2 points). 63

TERIGRIHA TERI Recycle, reuse, and recharge of water Recycle and reuse of resources enables us to reduce pressure on our valuable nat ural resources. Recycling of resources and putting these back into use for the b uilding is significant. Criterion 19 Waste water treatment Objective To provide facility for the treatment of waste water generated in the building so as to have safe disposal and use of by-products (see Box 19.1). Box 19.1: Guidelines Grey water: any water used in households except that water from toilets is called grey water. This includes washings from shower, sink, kit chen sinks and laundry water. This can be reused for various applications, espec ially landscape irrigation. Black water: Refers to sewage water from toilets. Se wage treatment plants based on biological processes are commonly used for treatm ent of wastewater that includes both grey water and black water. These are depen dent on natural microorganisms, which utilize oxygen and the organic contaminant s in the wastewater to generate CO2, sludge, and treated water. In the treatment systems, the micro-organisms are existing in suspended form (e.g. in aeration t ank microbes are present freely in waste water without any support) or attached form (e.g. reed bed systems, microbes are attached to the roots of the plant, sa nd, gravel, etc.) These systems normally require a pre-treatment step such as a settlement chamber before aeration unit. Artificial wetlands or Reed bed systems , which are based on natural processes, are beneficial due to simple and low ope ration and maintenance cost. 19.1 Commitment 19.1.1 Provide necessary treatment of waste water for achieving the d esired concentrations for disposal. 19.1.2 Carry out water testing for various p arameters prescribed in the Pollution Control Acts, Rules and notifications, Cen tral Pollution Control Board, 1998, for disposal in surface water and on land. 19.2 Compliance 19.2.1 Narrative on the type of treatment system being employed. Drawings with s pecifications of the system indicating the capacity of water treated. 19.2.2 Ind icate the quantum of treated water generated along with the use/disposal steps. 19.2.3 Provide the characteristics of wastewater and expected characteristics af ter treatment from the supplier (Table 19.1). 64

TERIGRIHA TERI 19.2.4 Quality checking frequency and sampling plan of the treatment plant (Tabl e 19.2). 19.2.5 Narrative on disposal and reuse of other by-products such as slu dge. Table 19.1 Characteristics of wastewater before and after treatment Parameter Di ssolved oxygen (mg/litre) Biological oxygen demand (mg/litre) Total coliform bac teria (MPN/100 ml) Total dissolved solids (mg/litre) Chloride as chlorine (mg/li tre) Colour Boron (mg/litre) Sulphates (mg/litre) pH Arsenic (mg/litre) Fluoride s (mg/litre) Iron (mg/litre) Copper (mg/litre) Lead (mg/litre) Table 19.2 Annual testing plan and frequency Inlet Date Volume of sample (ml) Sample collection s ite Outlet Other (e.g. storage) Test lab name Before treatment After treatment 19.3 Appraisal 19.3.1 Treated water should meet the disposal standards (2 points). Table 19.3 Maximum permissible limits (mg/litre) for effluent discharges Paramet er Into inland surface Into public sewers waters Indian Indian Standards: Standa rds: 3306 (1974) 2490 (1974) pH 5.5.-9.0 5.5-9.0 Biological oxygen demand (for f ive days at 30 350 20oC ) Chemical oxygen demand 250 Suspended solids 100 600 To tal dissolved solids (inorganic) 2100 2100 Temperature (oC ) 40 45 On land for irrigation Indian Standards: 3307 (1974) 5.5-9.0 100 200 2100 65

TERIGRIHA TERI Parameter Oil and grease Phenolic compounds Cyanides Sulphides Fluorides Total residual ch lorine Pesticides Arsenic Cadmium Chromium (hexavalent) Copper Lead Mercury Nick el Selenium Zinc Chlorides Boron Sulphates Sodium (9%) Amoniacal nitrogen Radioa ctive materials Alpha emitters (milli curie/millitre) Beta emitters (micro curie /millitre) Into inland surface waters Indian Standards: 2490 (1974) 10 1 0.2 2 2 1 0.2 2 0. 1 3 0.1 0.01 3 0.05 5 1000 2 1000 50 10-7 10-6 Into public sewers Indian Standards: 3306 (1974) 20 5 2 15 0.2 1 2.0 3 1.0 0.01 3 0.05 15 1000 2 1000 60 50 10-7 10-6 On land for irrigation Indian Standards: 3307 (1974) 10 0.2 0.2 600 2 1000 60 10 -8 10-7 Source: CPCB, 1998. Pollution Control Acts, Rules, and Notifications issued ther eunder. Volume I, pp. 311-312. New Delhi: Central Pollution Control Board, MoEF. 501 pp. 66

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 20 Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater) Objective To utilize the treated waste water and rainwater for various applicati ons (including groundwater recharge) where potable municipal water is normally u sed to reduce the load on both the municipal supplies as well as the sewerage sy stem and to improve the groundwater level (see Box 20. 1). Box 20.1: Guidelines Greywater from bathrooms, kitchens, and other washings can be suitably treated and reused for non-potable applications such as irrigation, flushing, etc. Separation of the grey water from black water by installation of dual plumbing lines at the time of construction is economical. Rainwater can be harvested from roof tops, paved and unpaved areas, storm water drains, and water bodies. The basic components of rainwater harvesting system include Catchment S urface where water falls directly (Terrace, lawn, open ground, roof). Coarse mes h To prevent the debris from entering the water. Gutters To collect and transpor t water to storage tank (galvanized iron sheet or PVC material). Conduits Pipeli nes or drains to carry water from the surface to storage. Filter to remove suspe nded pollutants from rainwater collected (Sand filter, charcoal filter). Storage Tanks of any shape and size depending on the capacity of rainwater that can be collected. The basic concept of storage and recharging The recharging or storing of water depends on the rainfall of a particular region, and the sub-surface ge ology. In regions where the rainy season lasts for three to four months, groundw ater recharge is beneficial rather than storage, as the storage cistern would re main empty during other parts of the year. In places where the surface is imperm eable and groundwater is saline or not of potable quality, it is not advisable t o go for groundwater recharging. Recharging can be done through dugwells, borewe lls, recharge trenches, and recharge pits. Filter material at the entry point is essential to maintain the quality of water. Settlement tank acts as a buffer to hold the surplus water during the course of excess rainfall. Infiltration techn iques Trenches filled with rocks receive storm water run-off from grass swales a nd water percolates through the void space of rocks into soil. Biofiltration swa le/grass swale is a vegetated channel with slope less than 0.6%, so as to increa se the flow residence time, increase the pollutant (suspended solids and trace m etals) removal efficiency by effective infiltration, and reduce run-off. Sand fi lter Use of sand layer for filtering the storm water into drainage facility befo re storage in detention basins. This results in removal of total suspended solid s. The efficiency is higher if the pre-treatment is achieved through trench and grass swales. Detention basins Wet ponds: Constructed ponds to retain the filter ed storm water. Storm water wetlands: Wet ponds integrated with wetland plants w hich will also facilitate storm water treatment. 67

TERIGRIHA TERI Wet vaults and storage tanks: Underground storage facilities in reinforced cemen t concrete used for irrigation at a later stage. Reference 1) Design Manual, Sus tainable building, Volume 2, Chapter 4, ICAEN 2004, Published by TERI 2) www.rai nwaterharvesting.org Estimate the capacity of water that can be tapped after acc ounting for losses. Design of capacity of water harvesting pond/storage facility from the site for i rrigation of landscape To calculate the amount of rainwater that can be collecte d in any detention basin, the following data is required. 1) Rainfall data for t he area under consideration, and 2) Area of the catchment feeding rainwater to t he basin. Once the above data is available the basic calculation for any given p eriod is Collection (in kilolitre) = Rainfall (in metre) Area of each catchment surface (in metre 2) Run off coefficient of surface type - (1) Losses during and after collection due to evaporation and percolation are subtracted from the col lection figure. Rainfall data is collected from local meteorological department and then tabulated for each month of the year. Accumulation of rainwater on a mo nthly basis. Total quantity of rainfall falling on the catchment is calculated u sing equation (1). Run-off for each surface namely roof, paver, gravel, forest, field, court, lawn, and water is calculated according to the percentage of water withheld. The withheld water is eventually lost to percolation and evaporation. Maximum possible rainwater collection is calculated for each month by multiplyi ng the run-off factor with the total quantity of rainfall falling on the catchme nt. Table 20.1 Surface type Roofs conventional Concrete/Kota Paving Gravel Brick Pav ing Vegetation 1% 3% 3% 10% Runoff coefficient 0.95 0.95 0.75 0.85 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.25 0.35 0.40 0.45 > 10% Turf slopes 0% 1% 1% 3% 3% 10% > 10% 68

TERIGRIHA TERI 20.1 Commitment 20.1.1 Provide necessary treatment of waste water for achieving the desired comp osition for various applications (refer Boxes 27.1 and 27.2, and Table 27.3 in C riterion 27) 20.1.2 Implement rainwater harvesting and storage systems depending on the site-specific conditions. 20.1.3 Reuse the treated waste water and rainw ater for meeting the building water and irrigation demand. 20.1.4 Recharge the s urplus water (after reuse) into the aquifer. 20.2 Compliance The following documents are to be submitted. 20.2.1 Narrative along with drawing s and specifications of the type of treatment and harvesting system being employ ed. 20.2.2 Drawings indicating the specifications of dual plumbing system. 20.2. 3 Document indicating the projected quality of water as per specifications. 20.2 .4 Drawings with specifications of the systems along with delivery lines indicat ing the capacity of water (a) treated and (b) harvested. 20.2.5 Calculation shee t (Table 20.1) representing the total quantity of water treated and harvested an d the amount being used for different applications including use within the buil ding, landscape and fraction recharged into ground. 20.3 Appraisal (maximum 5 points) 20.3.1 Annual water reuse of 25% as per clause 20.2.5 (1 point). 20.3.2 Annual w ater reuse of 50% as per clause 20.2.5 (1 point). 20.3.3 Annual water reuse of 7 5 % as per clause 20.2.5 (1 point). 20.3.4 Recharge of surplus rain water into a quifer as per Table 20.2 (2 points). 69

TERIGRIHA TERI Table 20.2: Water reuse datasheet Month Quantity of Quantity of water water trea ted (kL) harvested (kilolitres) (kL) January February March April May June July August Septembe r October November December A B Water requirement of the building (kL) C Landscape water demand (kL) D Water reused for building (kL) x Water reused for landscape (kL) y Water recharged (kL) Water reuse (%) Water recharge (%) z (x+y) / (C+D)*100 (z/B) * 100 70

TERIGRIHA TERI Waste management Criterion 21 Reduction in waste during construction Objective To ensure maximum resource recovery and safe disposal of wastes genera ted during construction and to reduce the burden on the landfill. Box 21.1: Most commonly found toxic wastes on a building construction site 1. As bestos products insulation, tiles etc. 2. Fuels and Heating oils and other volat ile / flammable liquids such as coolants, grease etc. 3. Tar and Tar products (b itumen, felt, water proofing compounds etc.) 4. Centering oil, formwork oil 5. W ood Dust 6. Lead 7. Plastics, Acrylics, Silica, PVC 8. Hazardous Gases released on burning of waste 9. Chemical admixtures, sealants, adhesives solvents etc. (s hould never be burnt) 10. Paints, pigments, dyes and primers 11. Carbon black 12 . Pesticides 13. Tarpaulin 14. Explosives and related products and equipment use d in excavations 15. Product packaging (cement bags, cartons, containers, plasti c covers etc.) 16. Compressed Gases / cylinders 17. H2S emission 18. Mercury Con taining Lamps and Tubes - Fluorescent Lamps Intact and Crushed, Halogen Lamps, A rc Lamps, UV Lamps, High Pressure Sodium Lamps, Mercury Vapor Lamps, Neon Lamps, Incandescent Lamps. 19. Mercury Containing Devices Mercury switches, relays, re gulators, thermostats, thermometers, manometers and debris containing mercury 20 . All types of Batteries 21. Electronic Ballasts, PCBs, Transformers, capacitors , switchgear, Lead Cable, Oil filled / gel filled cables. 22. Electronic Waste c omputer products, circuit boards, CRTs, electronic parts, solder dross, weld was te. 21.1 Commitment 21.1.1 Employ measures to segregate the waste on site into inert, chemical, or h azardous wastes. 21.1.2 Recycle the unused chemical/hazardous wastes such as oil , paint, batteries, and asbestos. 21.1.3 Inert waste to be disposed off by munic ipal corporation/local bodies at landfill sites. 71

TERIGRIHA TERI 21.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 21.2.1 Narrative indicating the qua ntum of waste generated during the construction activity, and the storage facili ty for segregated inert and hazardous waste before recycling and disposal 21.2.2 Layout (showing the location) and photo of the storage facility for segregated inert and hazardous waste. The capacity of the storage facility has to be provid ed. 21.3 Appraisal (maximum 2 points) 21.3.1 Segregation of inert and hazardous wast es as per clause 21.2 (1 point). 21.3.2 Recycling and safe disposal of segregate d wastes as per clause 21.2 (1 point). 72

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 22 Efficient waste segregation Objective To promote the segregation of waste for efficient resource recovery. Box 22.1: Waste segregation Composition of Indian municipal solid waste indicate s the percentage of biodegradable fraction as 52. Plastics and paper constitute 8% of the total municipal solid waste. It is clear from the composition that a c ombination of technologies is essential for managing waste efficiently. For this , the waste segregation at the source is the most important step. To facilitate this, a multi bin system should be arranged for storing biodegradable waste such as food leftovers, vegetable and fruit peels, non-degradable waste such as meta l scrap, rubber and recyclable wastes such as paper and plastics. These bins sho uld be in different colours to facilitate the disposal. 22.1 Commitment 22.1.1 Use different coloured bins for the collection of different categories of waste from the building (see Box 22.1). 22.2 Compliance The following documents should be submitted. 22.2.1 Narrative along with photogr aphs/plan indicating space, locations, and capacity for multi-coloured bins. 22. 3 Appraisal 22.3.1 Provision of multi-coloured bins for waste segregation at sou rce (2 points). 73

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 23 Storage and disposal of wastes Objective To prevent the mixing up of segregated waste before processing or disp osal. Box 23.1: Waste storage and disposal In addition to segregation of waste at sour ce, it is essential to provide for their storage before appropriate disposal, wh ich includes transportation to the recycling centres, to the common collection c entre of the local municipality, and the decentralized system in the locality. T he storage facility should not create any unhygienic conditions. The capacity of the facility should be designed so as to accommodate the entire waste from the building depending on the population, the type of waste generated, and the frequ ency of removal from the site. 23.1 Commitment 23.1.1 Allocate a separate space for the collected waste before transferring it to the recycling/disposal stations. 23.2 Compliance The following document should be submitted. 23.2.1 Narrative along with photogra phs/plan indicating space, locations, and capacity of the storage area. 23.3 Appraisal 23.3.1 Provision of space for hygienic storage of segregated waste as per clause 23.2 (2 points). 74

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 24 Resource recovery from waste Objective To maximize the recovery of resources from the recyclable and biodegra dable waste and to reduce the burden on landfills. Box 24.1: Guidelines The municipal solid wastes contain useful resources that ca n be recovered after recycling or after biological processing. Recycling and fur ther processing would reduce the waste going to landfills and is beneficial due to the resource generation. Most non-biodegradable wastes such as plastics, old papers, newspapers, glass, cardboard, metal scraps etc. can be recycled. Biodegr adable waste such as food waste, horticulture, and other organic wastes can be p rocessed through techniques such as composting or anaerobic digestion. In case o f processing of paper, waste paper is converted into sheets of recycled paper, w hich can be sold to newspaper agencies. Glass and plastics can be converted into various household goods. Horticulture wastes such as grass trimmings, leaves, a nd vegetable wastes can be composted in pits or heaps. Sufficient care should be taken to prevent pollution due to leachate generation, odour, flies, and bird m enace by providing cover to the area. The compost generated should meet the stan dards prescribed in Management and Handling Rules, 2000 of MoEF. Food wastes and other organic wastes including the garden wastes can also be processed through anaerobic digestion to generate biogas that can be used for cooking applications in place of liquefied petroleum gas. In addition, the digested sludge from the biodigester has a good manure value. 24.1 Commitment 24.1.1 Employ resource recovery systems for biodegradable waste as per the Solid Waste Management and Handling Rules, 2000 of MoEF. 24.1.2 Arrangement for recyc ling of waste through local dealers. 24.2 Compliance 24.2.1 Narrative indicating the plan and arrangement with local dealers for recycling of materials generate d. 24.2.2 Details of plan and design of the waste treatment plant along with cap acity for the disposal of biodegradable waste. 24.2.3 Narrative indicating the g eneration and reuse of by-products from the waste treatment plant. The following documents should be submitted: 24.3 Appraisal 24.3.1 Zero waste generation through appropriate resource recovery measures as p er clauses 24.2.124.2.3 (2 points). 75

TERIGRIHA TERI Health and well being Building construction and its operation affects the health and well being of peo ple in many ways. Green building practices and measures should be integrated int o the design process to ensure the health and well being of the occupants . Criterion 25 Use low -VOC paints/ adhesives/ sealants Objective Building materials such as paints, sealants, and adhesives form import ant finishes for the exterior and interior surfaces and at the same time are a p otential contributor to the poor indoor air quality and can have a bearing on th e occupants health. A wide variety of volatiles are released through oxidation by both solvent-based and water-based paints while sealants and adhesives contain toxic chemicals that are released during construction and occupancy. VOCs, espec ially formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, urethanes, and other chemical substances contained within the building materials can be injurious to health and can also be odorous. This measure aims to select materials with low to zero quantities of such chemicals so as to minimize the source of emission. In selecting low VOC m aterials, a practical thumb rule is to choose water-based products with low odou r. 25.1 Commitment 25.1.1 Use only zero/ low VOC paints. All paints used in the interior of the building must be certified to contain zero VOC or less than the limits s pecified as follows. Table 25.1 VOC limits for paints Paint applications Interior coatings Exterior c oatings Anti corrosive VOC limits (grams of VOC per litre) Flat Non-flat Flat No n-flat Gloss/semi gloss/flat <50 <150 <200 <100 <250 25.1.2 Prefer water-based acrylics over solvent-based oil paints. 25.1.3 Ensure all the sealants and adhesives used are water based rather than solvent- based o r have a low solvent content. Most construction adhesives offer adequate bond st rengths in water-based varieties. Acrylics, silicones, and siliconized acrylics are the safest sealants for use in the interiors and have the lowest solvent con tent. While solvent-based products such as 76

TERIGRIHA TERI urethanes, butyls, etc. should not be preferred indoors, sealants used for exter ior do not pose any concern. 25.1.4 As adhesives usually have a high-VOC emissio n potential hence use adhesives with low-VOC or no-VOC emissions such as acrylic s or phenolic resins such as phenol formaldehydes indoors. 25.1.5 Ensure all the composite wood products/agri-fibre products do not contain any added urea forma ldehyde resin. 25.2 Compliance 25.2.1 Cut sheets, specification sheets, and comm ercial brochures of the low VOC- emission finishes or products used. 25.2.2 A ce rtificate from the manufacturer for each of the category as applicable to the ap plicant, clearly stating that the materials used have zero VOCs or low VOCs (gms /litre) as specified under limits. 25.2.3 The bill of quantity for each of the c ategory as applicable to the applicant, clearly demonstrating that 100% of all t he interior paints, sealants, adhesives, composite wood/agri-fibre products meet the required mentioned criteria. The following documents should be submitted. 25.3 Appraisal (maximum 4 points) 25.3.1 Zero/low-VOC paints zero/low-VOC paints for 100% of all paint used in the interior of the building (2 point), as per clauses 25.2.125.2.3. 25.3.2 Low-VOC sealants and adhesives 100% of all the sealants and adhesives used are water bas ed rather than solvent based/low in solvent content, as per clauses 25.2.125.2.3 (1 point). 25.3.3 100% of composite wood products with no ureaformaldehyde resins , as per clauses 25.2.125.2.3 (1 point). 77

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 26 Minimise ozone depleting substances Objective Eliminate or control the release of ozone- depleting substances into t he atmosphere. The ozone depleting materials commonly used in buildings are CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) or HCFCs (hydro chlorofluorocarbons) in refrigeration and air- conditioning systems, insulation, and halons in fire suppression systems a nd extinguishers. Box 26.1: Substances containing Chlorine (or Bromine) contribute to the breakdow n of the ozone layer in the stratosphere, resulting in harmful ultra violet radi ation reaching earths surface, and thus global climate change. Such substances are mainly used in refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, fire suppressio n systems and extinguishers, and in insulation, and this has been a growing caus e for concern. Therefore, continued efforts are being made globally (in the form of International agreements) to minimize the use of ozone depleting substances, and gradually to replace them with environmentally friendly substances. Trichlo rofluoromethane (R11) is used as reference for measuring the Ozone Depleting Pot ential (ODP) of a substance. ODP of R11 is 1. Some of the commonly used substanc es in refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment are listed in the table 26.1 below. Table 26.1 Substance R11 R12 R22 R134a R143a R717 (Ammonia) R744 (Carbon Dioxide) ODP 1 0.9 0.05 <0.0005 0 0 0 26.1 Commitment 26.1.1 Use insulation with zero -ODP (ozone depletion potential) such as HCFCfre e rigid foam insulation, mineral fibre cellulose insulation, glass fibre, wood f ibre board, cork wool, expanded (bead) polystyrene, recycled newspaper and jute, cotton etc. Avoid materials that do not inherently have a zero -ODP such as pol yurethane foams, polyisocyanurates , etc. 26.1.2 Install CFC-free equipment used for refrigeration and air conditioning. 78

TERIGRIHA TERI 26.1.3 Install halon -free fire suppression systems and fire extinguishers in th e building. 26.2 Compliance Following documents should be submitted. 26.2.1 A certificate from the manufactu rer/supplier, signed by the architect or the engineer, stating that 100% of the insulation used in the building is free of CFCs and HCFCs. 26.2.2 The bill of qu antity clearly demonstrating that 100% or total quantity of all the insulation u sed in the building is free of CFCs and HCFCs. 26.2.3 A certificate from the HVA C consultant or supplier, signed by the architect or the engineer, stating that the HVAC and refrigeration equipments/systems installed in the building are free of CFCs. 26.2.4 A list showing each type of HVAC and refrigeration equipments/s ystems, their numbers and type of refrigerant used along with the manufacturers b rochures clearly stating the type of refrigerant being used in their products. 2 6.2.5 A certificate from the Fire Fighting Service consultant or the equipment s upplier, signed by the architect or the engineer, stating that the fire suppress ion systems and fire extinguishers installed in the building are free of halon. 26.3 Appraisal (Maximum 3 points) 26.3.1 All the insulation used in building are CFCs and HCFCs free as per clauses 26.2.1 and 26.2.2 (1 point). 26.3.2 All the HVAC and refrigeration equipment are CFCs free as per clauses 26.2.3 and 26.2.4 (1 point). 26.3.3 The fire suppression systems and fire extinguishers installed in the building are free of halon as per clause 26.2.5 (1 point). 79

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 27 Ensure water quality Objective To provide the occupants of the building with the quality of water as prescribed by local codes and standards and optimal use of water treatment measu res. Box 27.1: Critical parameters Chemical oxygen demand or COD is the amount of oxy gen required for the complete oxidation of biologically degradable and non-biode gradable organic matter. Biochemical oxygen demand or BOD is the quantity of oxy gen required by the aerobic microorganisms to stabilize the organic matter. Hard ness of water is caused by dissolved polyvalent, especially divalent metallic io ns like Ca+2 and Mg+2. Iron, strontium, barium and manganese also contribute to hardness. Degree of hardness has been classified as soft, medium, hard and very hard, based on the equivalent CaCO3 concentration. Coliform bacteria are organis ms that are present in the environment and in the faeces of all warm-blooded ani mals and humans. The presence of coliform bacteria in drinking water indicates t hat disease-causing organisms (pathogens) may be present in the water system. If it is detected in water, source of contamination should be identified and water quality should be restored. For more information log on to http://www.doh.wa.go v/ehp/dw/programs/coliform.htm Box 27.2: Various treatment techniques One of the options for providing quality water at low cost is to use package plants. Package plants consist of various comp onents of the treatment process, such as chemical feeders, mixers, flocculators, sedimentation basins, and filters, in a compact assembly. As these units are as sembled based on the standard designs, they are cheaper as compared to those bui lt on site. Refer to site http://www.oasisdesign.net/water/treatment/slowsandfil ter.htm for more information. Slow sand filtration is a technique which is low e nergy consuming and does not require high end technical expertise to operate. Wa ter treatment systems based on ion exchange, reverse osmosis can provide high qu ality water after removal of heavy metals, suspended solids etc. For more detail s log on to http://www.aquatech.com/custom.htm . 27.1 Commitment 27.1.1 Ensure water from all sources such as ground water, municipal water, meet s the water quality norms as prescribed in the Indian Standards for 80

TERIGRIHA TERI various applications (Indian standards for drinking [IS 105001991], irrigation ap plications [IS 11624-1986]). Note: In case the water quality cannot be ensured, provide necessary treatment o f raw water for achieving the desired concentrations for various applications. 27.2 Compliance 27.2.1 Provide water optimization plan (water flow diagram giving the complete c ollection, treatment, and distribution for different application). 27.2.2 Provid e the water quality details from various sources before and after treatment (as given in Table 27.1 below). 27.2.3 Report/certificate from the local municipal a uthority for municipal water. 27.2.4 Provide the specification details indicatin g the capacity and components of the treatment plant along with drawings (produc t details from the manufacturer). 27.2.5 Quality checking frequency and sampling plan (Table 27.2) (signed template shall be provided). Table 27.1 Testing of water quality before and after treatment Parameter Dissolv ed oxygen (mg/litre) Biological oxygen demand (mg/litre) Total coliform bacteria (MPN/100 ml) Total dissolved solids (mg/litre) Chloride as chlorine (mg/litre) Colour Boron (mg/litre) Sulphates (mg/litre) Nitrates (mg/litre) pH Arsenic (mg/ litre) Fluorides (mg/litre) Iron (mg/litre) Copper (mg/litre) Lead (mg/litre) Zi nc (mg/litre) Table 27.2 Annual testing plan and frequency Date Volume of sample (ml) Before treatment After treatment Sample collection site Inlet Outlet Test lab name Other 81

TERIGRIHA TERI 27.3 Appraisal 27.3.1 Water quality conforming to IS standards as per clauses 27.2.127.2.5 (2 po ints). Table 27.3 Water quality standards for various applications Parameter Drinking w ater (IS 10500:1991) 300 500 250 5 5 200 75 1 200 45 6.5 8.5 0.2 0.05 0.3 1 0.05 0.05 5 0.001 0.05 0.05 Irrigation, industrial cooling, etc. 2100 500 Total hardness (as CaCO3) (mg/litre) Total dissolved solids (mg/litre) C hloride s as chlorine (mg/litre) Colour (hazen) Turbidity (NTU) Alkalinity (mg/l) Calciu m (as Ca), mg/l Boron (mg/litre) Sulphates (as SO4)(mg/litre) Nitrates (as NO3) (mg/litre) Conductivity at 25o C (us/cm) pH Anionic detergents as MBAS (mg/l) Ar senic (mg/litre) Iron (mg/litre) Fluorides (mg/litre) Lead (mg/litre) Copper (mg /litre) Zinc (mg/litre) Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) (mg/l) Cyanide (mg/l) Chr omium (mg/l) 2 1000 2.25 6.0 8.0 82

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 28 Acceptable outdoor and indoor noise levels Objective To use appropriate noise controls for providing acceptable levels of outdoor and indoor noise levels to enhance comfort. 28.1 Commitment 28.1.1 Ensure that the outdoor noise level conforms to the Central Pollution Con trol BoardEnvironmental StandardsNoise (ambient standards) as given in Table 28.1 Table 28.1 Noise (ambient standards) Area code A B C D Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Area category Industrial area Commercial area Residential area Silence zone Limit in dB (A) Leq Daytime Night time 75 70 65 55 55 45 50 40 Daytime is reckoned in between 6 a.m. and 9 p.m. Nighttime is reckoned in betwee n 9 p.m. and 6 a.m. Silence zone is defined as areas up to 100 metres around suc h premises as hospitals, educational institutions, and courts. The silence zones are declared by a competent authority. Mixed categories of areas should be decl ared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent authority and the corresponding standards shall apply. 28.1.2 Ensure that the indoor noise levels conforms to the levels described in t he National Building Code of India, Bureau of Indian Standards2005, Part VIIIBuild ing Services, Section 4Acoustics, Sound insulation and noise control as given in Table 28.2. Table 28.2 Acceptable indoor noise levels for various buildings SL N o. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) Location Auditoria and concert ha ll Radio and TV studios Music rooms Hospitals and cinema theatres Apartments, ho tels, and homes Conference rooms, small offices and libraries Court rooms and cl ass rooms Large public offices, banks, and stores Noise level dB (A) 2025 2025 2530 3540 3540 3540 4045 4550 5055 Restaurants 83

TERIGRIHA TERI 28.2 Compliance 28.2.1 The report on measured average ambient noise level at site. No ise measurement should be conducted by organization recognized by a competent au thority and it should follow procedures laid down by the competent authority. 28 .2.2 The building site plan duly signed by the architect/applicant showing all t he measures to control outdoor noise. 28.2.3 The drawings and narratives showing measures as described in National Building Code of India1984, Part VIIIBuilding S ervices, Section 4 Acoustics, Sound insulation and noise control to control indoo r noise. 28.2.4 Cut sheets, specification sheets, commercial brochures of the so und absorbent materials, and bill of quantity demonstrating the use of sound abs orbent materials in the building design. 28.2.5 The report on measured indoor no ise levels at different locations. Noise measurement should be conducted by orga nization recognized by the competent authority and it should follow procedures l aid down by the competent authority (report to be submitted after the building i s occupied). The following documents should be submitted: 28.3 Appraisal (maximum 2 points) 28.3.1 The outdoor noise levels are within the acce ptable limits as set in Central Pollution Control BoardEnvironmental StandardsNois e (ambient standards) as per clauses 28.2.1 and 28.2.2 (1 point). 28.3.2 The ind oor noise levels are within the acceptable limits as set in National Building Co de of India-1984, Part VIIIBuilding Services, Section 4 Acoustics, Sound insulatio n and noise control as per clauses 28.2.3 28.2.5. (1 point). 84

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 29 Tobacco and smoke control Objective To put in place health strategies such as prohibiting smoking in the i ndoor areas/building or providing designated/isolated smoking zones within the b uilding designed with separate ventilation systems with higher ventilation rates than the nonsmoking areas. This will ensure zero exposure of the non-smoking oc cupants to passive smoking. 29.1 Commitment 29.1.1 In both an air-conditioned/no n-air- conditioned buildings , ensure zero exposure of non-smokers to the tobacc o smoke; prohibit smoking on the building premises supported with the company po licy. 29.1.2 Ensure that both air-conditioned/non-air- conditioned buildings pro vide a designated smoking zone with a controlled environment that ensures restri ction of the smoke to the designated area, preferably in the peripheral spaces o f the buildings or within the buildings (for multiple occupancy buildings such a s hotels, non-smoking and smoking rooms to be clearly identified). 29.2 Complian ce 29.2.1 Company policy for the ban/prohibition on smoking within the building premises, if applicable, with the supportive documents verified and signed by a responsible authority. or 29.2.2 The building plan/interior layout signed by the architect, demonstrating, the internal planning for the smoke control, by locat ing the designated smoking zone on the building periphery separated from the non smoking areas by full height impermeable internal partitions. 29.2.3 For a cond itioned space, clearly demonstrate with the help of AC system design documents, signed by the HVAC consultant or the site engineer, that designated smoking area is independent of the non-smoking areas in the building. The following documents should be submitted. 85

TERIGRIHA TERI smoking zone is exhausted directly to the outdoors such that there is no re-circ ulation of the tobacco smoke air to the non-smoking zone of the building. Smoking zone is operated on a separate ventilation systems with higher ventilati on rates than the non-smoking areas, and is designed for at least 60 cfm (cubic feet per minute)/person. Smoking zone operates at a negative pressure in comparison with the surrounding non-smoking zone. 29.2.4 For a non-conditioned space, clearly demons trate in the internal floor plans/interior layout that the designated smoking zo ne is properly ventilated with the appropriate location of the air inlets/outlet s. 29.2.5 For a non-conditioned space, clearly demonstrate with the help of a de sign narrative Designated smoking zone if mechanically ventilated is designed fo r not less than 30 ACH (air changes per hour). Smoking zone is properly ventilat ed and at a minimum, exhausted directly to the outdoors such that there is no re circulation of the tobacco smoke air to the non-smoking zone of the building. Pr operly enclosed with full height, impermeable internal partitions with respect t o the surrounding spaces. 29.3 Appraisal (maximum 1 point) The following documents should be submitted. 29.3.1 Company policy for ban/prohibition of smoking within the building premises (as p er clause 30.2.1). or 29.3.2 A signed template by HVAC/architectural consultant certifying that all compliances are met (As per clauses 29.2.229.2.5) 86

TERIGRIHA TERI Section 3 Building operation and maintenance The intention is to v alidate and maintain green performance levels/adopt and prop agate green practices and concepts. It is important to monitor and verify the me asures and evaluate the criteria adopted in the green design process; its actual performance vis- a -vis predicted performance. It is also important to identify the need for upgradations / modifications in the sy stems. Criterion 30 Energy audit and validation Objective Validate the predicted energy consumption, thermal comfort, and visual comfort criteria. 30.1 Commitment 30.1.1 After occupying the building, get an e nergy audit done by an energy auditor approved by the Bureau of Energy Efficienc y, Government of India and submit the report to TERI. 30.1.2 Further, TERI will carry out thermal performance monitoring and visual comfort monitoring for typic ally representative days. This is primarily to verify the data provided in vario us documents, and for which points have already been awarded. All necessary supp ort in terms of travel/boarding/lodging, etc. for carrying out the study has to be provided to TERI executives. Note :All necessary support in terms of travel/boarding/lodging, etc. for carryi ng out the study shall be provided to TERI executives. 30.2 Compliance and appraisal (Mandatory and no points.) The following documents should be submitted. 30.2.1 Energy audit report by an en ergy auditor approved by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India 87

TERIGRIHA TERI Criterion 31 Operation & maintenance Objective To ascertain continued safety in the operation of the electrical and m echanical systems of the building through proper maintenance by the owner or the occupants. This will be ensured in the contract document by providing for the c ommissioning of all electrical and mechanical systems by the respective supplier or the builder. Moreover, the maintenance facilities will be carried out by the respective facility management group assigned by the owner or the occupants the mselves. 31.1 Commitment 31.1.1 Ensure a specific clause in the contract documen t for the commissioning and systematic handing over of all electrical and mechan ical systems to be maintained by the owner, supplier, or operator. 31.1.2 Provid e a core facility/service management group, if applicable, that will be responsi ble for the operation and maintenance of the building, and electrical and mechan ical systems after the commissioning. 31.1.3 In case of small-scale/single-owner commercial buildings, the owner or the occupants themselves should undertake th e responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the building, and electric al and mechanical systems after the commissioning. 31.1.4 Prepare a fully - docu mented operations and maintenance manual, CD, multimedia or an information broch ure listing the best practices/dos and donts/maintenance requirements for the buil ding, electrical and mechanical systems along with the name and address of the m anufacturer/supplier of the respective system, to be done by the owner/builder/o ccupants/service or facility management group. Compliance 31.2.1 Applicant shall provide the proof of provision for commissioning of all electrical and mechanic al systems to be maintained by the owner, supplier, or operator, in the contract document or/and supportive documents, verified and signed by the responsible pa rties. 31.2.2 Applicant shall provide the proof of provision for a core facility /service group, responsible for the operation and maintenance of the building, e lectrical and mechanical systems after the commissioning. This could be supporte d with the contract (mutually signed between the respective parties) document or supportive documents, verified and signed by the responsible parties. 31.2 88

TERIGRIHA TERI 31.2.3 Submit a copy of the fully documented operations and maintenance manual, CD, multimedia or the information brochure enlisting the best practices for oper ation and maintenance of the building, electrical and mechanical systems. The na me and address of the manufacturer/supplier of the respective system, owner/buil der to be given to the occupants or to the service/facility management group at the time of occupation. 31.3 Appraisal (1 point) Appendage of specific clause in the contract document for commissioning of all electrical and mechanical system s to be maintained by the owner, supplier or operator, as per compliance clauses . Provision of a core facility/service management group, if applicable, or the o wners or occupants themselves (in the case of single owner commercial buildings) undertaking the responsibility for operation and maintenance of the building, d ocumentation of operation and maintenance best practices for the building, elect rical and mechanical systems. 89

TERIGRIHA TERI Section 4 Bonus points Criterion 32 Bonus points The enlisted criteria in the rating system are the most critical components cont ributing to the evolution of a green building. Green building design and operati on extend beyond the boundaries defined by the rating system and may cover strat egies and options that contribute to the environmental benefits. The purpose of this category of points is to recognize the measures adopted that contribute to the overall objective of designing and maintaining green buildings and that are otherwise not covered in the rating system. The following is an indicative list of bonus points. The applicant may submit any other criterion, which they consid er as deserving for the award of points under the rating system. The applied cri terion will be evaluated by TERI on the merits and demerits of its sustainabilit y benefits. Each bonus criterion will carry one point subject to a maximum of fo ur points. 32.1 Environmental education 32.1.1 Objective T o promote awareness of significant environmental issues by imparting environme ntal education to the owner or the occupants of the building and to the communit y as a whole. 32.1.2 32.1.2.1. Commitment Formulate a company policy on environmental education that facilitates instructi onal or environmental tours by keeping the building open on weekends. The tours may be supplemented with a small video/multimedia presentation or a documentary focusing on the sustainable measures taken in the building design to save energy and to reduce the degree of environmental impact. Provide the owner/occupants o r visitors with brochures, CD, information leaflets or a manual on environmental education and concerned issues. Create environmental awareness through small ef forts in the building itself such as showcasing energy -efficient building syste ms, technologies, and materials and properly labelling or documenting their resp ective energy performance or savings. The building can also be equipped with dat a loggers and be put on extensive monitoring so that the performance data for va rious building systems can be used by students, researchers, etc. and the visito rs can observe the same. Adopt innovative strategies such as labelling the water fixtures for the water source e.g. This tap uses rainwater harvested from the 32.1.2.2. 32.1.2.3. 32.1.2.4. 90

TERIGRIHA TERI 32.1.2.5. 32.1.2.6. roof. Also demonstrate different spaces connected with different wastewater treat ment schemes with proper documentation. A landscape labelled for native species or aromatic herbs, which would raise awareness towards low-maintenance, low wate r consuming native species as compared to high maintenance exotic species. Inclu de a column on environmental awareness in the monthly newsletter or newspaper of the company/organization. 32.1.3 32.1.3.1. Compliance Applicant shall provide the proof of the company policy for the promotion of env ironmental awareness, if applicable, with the supportive documents verified and signed by a responsible authority. Submit the building brochures, CD, informatio n leaflets or properly compiled manual or small video or documentary used to cre ate awareness towards environmental issues in the owner or the building occupant s. 32.1.3.2. 32.1.3.3. If applicable, applicant shall have to provide a small narrative (300 words) sup ported with the photographs, demonstrating the innovative strategies incorporate d in the building, which raises environmental awareness, such as labelling or do cumenting the low maintenance/less water consuming species in landscaping, label ling and documenting the building systems as per the efficient energy performanc e and savings, or labelling the water fixtures for harvested water source etc. 32.1.4 32.1.4.1. Appraisal Formulation of a company policy for the promotion of environmental education or awareness in the form of instructional/environmental tours to the building (as p er clause 32.2.1). and 32.1.4.2. Preparation of the building brochures, CD, information leaflets or properly comp iled manual or small video or documentary on environmental education (as per cla uses 32.2.2 and 32.2.3) (1 point). 91

TERIGRIHA TERI 32.2 Company policy on green supply chain 32.2.1 Objective T o encourage company policies on the green supply chain, so that the business use s the most efficient methods available for sourcing, manufacturing, and transpor tating and post- sales support for green building materials and products. This w ill serve as a corporate access system for sustainable development a single-source solution to meet the total logistics and distribution needs which, in turn, will ensure that the companies integrate the supply , manufacturing, and distributio n of green building materials or products into sustainable development. As a res ult this will facilitate a supply chain process to improve service, reduce or el iminate excess/fluctuating inventories, shortages/ stockouts, longer lead times, higher transportation and manufacturing costs, and increase the flow of informa tion between the supply chain partners by boosting supplier tocustomer relations. 32.2.2 Commitment 32.2.2.1. Formulate a company policy on the green supply chain, which will facilitate sourcing, manufacturing, transportation, and post- sales s upport for green building materials and products. 32.2.2.2. Set up a corporate ac cess system for sustainable development, which will serve as an easy, single-sour ce access to green resources that can help enlist and search green suppliers, ve ndors, and manufacturers across the globe. This system can be put online so that other corporate communities, and research organizations working towards sustain able development and green building consultants, can share and enhance the servi ces. 32.2.2.3. Corporates can form a small group comprising executives responsib le for the development and management of the global supply chain for the promoti on of sustainable development. 92

TERIGRIHA TERI 32.2.3 32.2.3.1. Compliance Applicant shall provide the proof of company policy on green supply chain for the promotion of sustainable development, terms of agreement with the single/associa tion of vendors, suppliers or manufacturers, if applicable, with the supportive documents verified and signed by a responsible authority. 32.2.3.2. Applicant shall provide the details of the corporate access system on s ustainable development in any mode as applicable either as a web page, or a datab ase or a shared information service across the corporate communities. 32.2.4 32.2.4.1. Appraisal Formulation of a company policy on green supply chain for the promotion of sustain able development, demonstrating the terms of agreement with the single/associati on of vendors, suppliers or manufacturers, if applicable, with the supportive do cuments verified and signed by a responsible authority. 32.2.4.2. Development of a corpor ate access system on sustainable development either in paper or electronic media, or a database or a shared information service across the corporate communities. Applicants shall have to certify the association with the other corporates. 32.3 Integrated pest management 32.3.1 Objective To develop and implement an integrated pest management programme to control and manage weeds and pests within tolerable limits so as to achieve healthy growth f or plants and people. 32.3.2 32.3.2.1. Commitment Develop and implement a landscape management/maintenance plan with emphasis on n on-chemical based/organic pest management. 32.3.2.2. Apply pesticides only as nee ded after prevention and physical controls have been implemented in the interiors . 32.3.2.3. Select the least hazardous pesticides for the control of targeted pe sts. 93

TERIGRIHA TERI 32.3.3 32.3.3.1. Compliance Applicant shall demonstrate the integration of pest management plan in the facil ity or service management contract, verified with supportive documents and signe d by the responsible authority. 32.3.3.2. Applicant shall demonstrate the implementation of pest management plan , with monitoring plan and schedule. 32.3.4 32.3.4.1. Appraisal Integration of pest management plan with the maintenance plan as submitted by th e core facility or service management group. 32.4 Life cycle costing 32.4.1 Objective To p rovide comprehensive lifecycle cost analysis of the project considering the costs arising from owning, operating, maintaining, etc. considered important fo r the project viability. 32.4.2 Compliance 32.4.2.1. Applicant to provide a detailed life cycle cost analysis supporting th e decisions made for the project viability during its lifecycle. 32.4.3 Appraisal 32.4.3.1. Life cycle cost analysis of the project. 32.5 Any other criteria proposed by applicant 94