THE PERSONALI ITY OF TH HE MAIN CHARACT C TER AS REF FLECTED IN NEIL GAIMANS G S STARDU UST: HOLOGICA AL APPRO OACH

A PSYCH

S1 THE ESIS

Submitted d as Partial l Fulfillmen nt of the Re equirements for the At ttainment of o the Sarja ana Pendid dikan Degre ee in n English Language L E Education P Program

n by Written Masar rni 080044 427

ENG GLISH EDU UCATION STUDY PROGRAM M FACULTY F OF TEAC CHER TRA AINING AN ND EDUCA ATION AHMAD DAHLAN N UNIVERS SITY Y YOGYAKA ARTA 2013 3

ESIS S1 THE THE PERSONALI ITY OF TH HE MAIN CHARACT C TER FLECTED IN NEIL GAIMANS G S STARDU UST: AS REF HOLOGICA AL APPRO OACH A PSYCH

By rni Masar 080044 427

Submitte ed as Partia al Fulfillmen nt of the Re equirements for the Attainment A of o the Sarja ana Pendidik kan Degree e in Engl lish Langua age Educatio on

Approved d by: Consult tant

Azwa ar Abbas, S.Pd.,M.Hum m.

S1 THE ESIS THE PERSONALI ITY OF TH HE MAIN CHARACT C TER FLECTED IN NEIL GAIMANS G S STARDU UST: AS REF HOLOGICA AL APPRO OACH A PSYCH

By Masar rni 080044 427

Accepted by the Bo oard Examin ners Faculty of Te eacher Train ning and Ed ducation Ahm mad Dahlan University on n January 25 5th, 2013 The e Board of E Examiners: on Chairperso : Azwar Abbas, A S.Pd.,M.Hum.

__ __________ __________ __ First exam miner : Prof. Dr. . Bustami Subhan, M.S S. -

________ __________ _____ Second ex xaminer __ ________ : Drs. Nur ri Fainuddin n, M. Hum.

Yogyakarta, January 25th, 2013 nd Educatio on The Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training an ersity Ahmad Dahlan Unive

fit, M.Si. Drs. Ishaf NIY 60910098

PERNYAT TAAN

Yang bertandatangan n dibawah in ni, saya: Nama NIM S Program Study Fakultas : Masarni : 0800442 27 : PBI SI : FKIP

Me enyatakan bahwa b kary ya ilmiah berjudul Th he Persona ality of the Main Character r as Reflect ted in Neil Gaimans Stardust: A Psycholog gical Appro oach Ini adalah h hasil peke erjaan saya a sendiri, dan d sepanjan ng pengeta ahuan saya tidak berisi mat teri yang dit tulis atau di ipublikasika an oleh oran ng lain, seb bagai persya aratan penyelesai ian studi pe erguruan tin nggi ini ata au pergurua an tinggi la ain, kecuali pada bagian-bag gian tertent tu yang saya a ambil seb bagai acuan dengan me engikuti tata a cara dan etika penulisan p k karya ilmiah h yang lazim m. Ap pabila terny yata terbukt ti bahwa pe ernyataan in ni tidak ben nar, hal ter rsebut sepenuhny ya menjadi tanggung t ja awab saya.

ogyakarta, 25 2 Januari 2013 2 Yo Ya ang membu uat pernyataa an

Masarni M

ACKN NOWLEDGEMENTS

Al -hamdu lill lahi rabbil 'alamin, pra aise be to Allah A SWT T, The Grac cious, The Merciful and Th he Benefice ent. By His blessing th he researche er can finish h this thesis. Pea ace be upo on Prophet Muhammad d SAW wh ho has led people from m the darkness to t the bright tness. Fir rstly, the re esearcher would w like to t express his h deepest gratitude to t his great patie ent consulta ant Azwar Abbas, Spd d., M. Hum m., who enc couraging him in relaxed si ituation and d sincere conduct to g guide him during the process of f this research with w his exp pertise and critical min nd which played an im mportant pa art for the improv vement of th his study. Secondly, in accomplish hing this the esis, the res searcher als so feels ind debted to a lot of f people who o help and guide g him. Therefore, T h would lik he ke to expres ss his spect and gr ratitude to: special res 1. Dr rs. Kasiyarn no, M.Hum., as the Rec ctor of Ahm mad Dahlan University. U 2. Dr rs. Ishafit, M.Si., as the Dean of Faculty of Teache er Training g and Ed ducation Ah hmad Dahlan n University y. 3. Az zwar Abbas s, S. Pd., M.Hum., M as the Head of o English Education E S Study Pro ogram of Faculty of Teacher T Trai ining and Education E of f Ahmad Dahlan Un niversity an nd as his con nsultant wh ho has given n encourage ement, guid dance, adv vice, support, commen nt and sugge estion to him m. 4. Al l lecturers of o Ahmad Dahlan D Uni iversity, esp pecially lect turers of En nglish Ed ducation Stu udy Program m who have e given know wledge and guidance to o him sin nce his study y in Ahmad d Dahlan Un niversity. 5. Al l staffs of Administrati A ion Office of o Ahmad Dahlan D Univ versity who o have helped him in n administra ation affairs. .

6. All Librarians of Ahmad Dahlan University for incredible helps and references. 7. His beloved parents, Gono (father) and Suwati (mother), who have never stop giving their love, prayer, affection and support to him both mentally and financially in finishing his study. 8. His beloved young brothers, Purniyawan and Bowo Minarto who have always give spirit, support, prayer, and affection. 9. His beloved grandma, Sukemi whose love is never ending. 10. All family and friends, students of Ahmad Dahlan University and all companions in Dokoro natural tourism village. 11. All companions and owner of Asrama Putra Muslim and futsal team HMW- Griya WidyaJln. Perintis Kemerdekaan 16, UH, Yka. 12. Too many people to name, impossible to show all names in this thesis. Now, the word thank you very much is for everyone beside me, in my life and my days. Finally, this thesis is still far from being perfect and satisfactory. However, the researcher hopes that this thesis can be useful for developing English learning process, especially literature study. Amin ya rabbalalamin.

Yogyakarta, January 25th, 2013 The researcher

Masarni

DEDICATIONS
By reciting Al-hamdu lillahi rabbil 'alamin, I especially dedicate this thesis to: Allah SWT the Almighty, the Creator of me, the Lord of the worlds. The best leader ever, Prophet Muhammad SAW. My dearly-loved parents where my heart peacefully lays on, Gono and Suwati, for their continued love and support mentally and financially. Im grateful to have all of you in my life. My young-strong-brothers, Purniyawan and Bowo Minarto, you are my hero, because you always show your sympathy and understanding to me. My beloved grandma, Sukemi, your tears show your greatest love to me. My beloved nephew, Rinanto, and niece, Erlis, from whom I get uncountable guidance. All my family, relatives, friends and everyone especially students of UAD, to whom I share my life, my days and everything both in my heart and my head. The owner of HMW - Griya Widya boarding house and futsal, H. Moch Wasul W. P. and Hj. Sudjirah Wasul. Last, but not least my companions in HMW- Asrama Putra Muslim Griya Widya Ustd. Fatkhul Huda, Wisnu O.K., or No?, Fabian (the most handsome man in Jogja <kata dia sendiri>), too many to name. Too many people to name, impossible to scratch all names in this thesis one by one.

MOTTOS
We better believe to ourselves We learn, pray and work as long as we live Never put off what we can do today until tomorrow

Better late than never Man proposes, God disposes Don t waste our time! Time is always very valuable.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ......................................................................................................................... i APPROVAL ............................................................................................................... ii RATIFICATION......................................................................................................... iii PERNYATAAN ......................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................... v DEDICATIONS .......................................................................................................... vii MOTTOS .................................................................................................................... viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................ ix ABSTRACT................................................................................................................ xi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ............................................................................... 1 B. Identification of the Problem ......................................................................... 4 C. Limitation of the Problem .............................................................................. 4 D. Formulation of the Problem ........................................................................... 5 E. Objectives of the Study .................................................................................. 5 F. Significances of the Study ............................................................................. 6 G. Presentation of the Study ............................................................................... 6

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK A. Biography of the Author and his Literary Career .......................................... 8 B. Theory of Character and Characterization ..................................................... 10 C. Theory of Personality ..................................................................................... 15 D. Theory of Psychological Approach ............................................................... 17 E. Moral Values.................................................................................................. 20

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD A. Type of the Research ..................................................................................... 23 B. Data Collecting Method ................................................................................. 24 C. Data Analyzing Method ................................................................................. 26 CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION A. Synopsis of the Novel .................................................................................... 27 B. Characterization of Tristran Thorn ................................................................ 29 C. Personality of Tristran Thorn ......................................................................... 44 D. Moral Values.................................................................................................. 66

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 76 B. Suggestion ...................................................................................................... 77 BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIXES

Masarni. 2013. The Personality of the Main Character as Reflected in Neil Gaiman s Stardust: A Psychological Approach . S1 Thesis. Yogyakarta: Ahmad Dahlan University.

ABSTRACT The title of the research is The Personality of the Main Character as Reflected in Neil Gaiman s Stardust: A Psychological Approach . The research aims are (1) to describe the characterizations of Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust, (2) to describe the personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust, (3) to describe moral values that can be taken from Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust. The research is classified into a library research because, since the sources are mainly from library. The subject of the research is novel written by Neil Gaiman entitled Stardust. The object of the research is the personality of the main character, Tristran Thorn. The data are taken by visiting some libraries, reading the novel, writing the data, selecting the data and categorizing the data. In analyzing the data, the researcher uses personality theory of Cattle, psychology theory of Wellek and Warren, characterization theory of Subhan and moral values theory of Kenny. The data is described by using descriptive qualitative method. The findings of the research are as follows. (1) Characterizations of Tristran Thorn are caring, helpful, thoughtful, responsible, loving, romantic, and curious. (2) The personality of Tristran Thorn is that he is outgoing, dominant, serious, conscientious, timid, venturesome, sensitive, trusting, suspicious, forthright, self-assured, apprehensive, group-dependent, and relaxed. (3) The moral values from Tristran Thorn are: (a) Positive moral values are polite, careful, and kind-hearted. (b) Negative moral values are impolite, careless, and hardhearted.

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the researcher presents the introduction. It contains of the background of the study, identification of the problem, limitation of the problem, formulation of the problem, objectives of the study, significances of the study, and the last is presentation of the study.

A. Background of the Study Personality is one of the familiar concepts in psychology. As a good person who lives in a society, everybody must have good personality. People usually use the term "personalityto identify the most obvious characteristic of a person or to refer to that person's social skills. Personality is something good or bad that naturally belongs to everybody, which is can be measured through his/her attitude or behavior. In another term, personality is also can be described as the type of person, which is shown by the way he behave, think and feel. As we know, the person s personality can be good, bad or even both of them. I mean he or she can be seen as a good person in one side and bad person in another side. There are many factors that influence the personality of some people. It can be their family, heredity, friends or communities, and place or environment they live. Everybody can choose and apply which personality they want to have in their social life. One of the most important characteristics of individual

behavior is its consistency to their personality. Most people believe that if they have good personality in their life, they will be said as a good person in the society. On the contrary if they have bad personality, many people will consider that they are bad people. Levin in Subhan (2010: 64) says that personality has been defined as a consistent pattern of behavior based on an individual s thoughts, feelings, and perceptions, and it has been viewed in terms of adjustment and the general manner in which an individual meets the demands of his or her environment. Lindgren et al. (1966: 271) states that the term personalitygenerally refers to the total behavior of the individual whereas everyday usage it usually applies to the external or socially oriented aspects of behavior-how the individual affects other people. Personality of the main character in this novel can be seen through the dialogues, attitudes or behaviors of the main character and the characterization of the main character that shown by the author. Basically there are many literary works that the reader can read and learn to be analyzed. Here the researcher tries to analyze one of the popular novels written by Neil Gaiman entitled Stardust. Neil Gaiman is the critically acclaimed, bestselling author of the novels Stardust, Neverwhere, American Gods, Coraline, Anansi Boys, The Graveyard Book, The Sandman series of graphic novels, the story collections Smoke and Mirrors, Fragile Things, Good Omens (with Terry Patchett) and others. He is the author of novels, graphic novels, short fictions, comic books, audio theatres and films. Originally he is Englishman; he was born in Hampshire, England, United Kingdom on 10

November 1960. He now lives near Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States and has lived there since 1992. Neil Gaiman is not common graphic novelist and comic book writer. He is the best novelist and book writer, many of his literary works became the best seller list when a novel is published. During become a writer, he got many awards, including Hugo, Nebula, Bram Stoker, Newbery Medal, and Carnegie Medal in Literature. He became the first author to win both the Newbery and the Carnegie medals for the same work. In 1999 first printings of his fantasy novel Stardust were released. Stardust has been released both as a standard novel and in an illustrated text edition. This novel became bestseller lists. It was selected by Publishers Weekly as one of the best books of the year, and was awarded the prestigious Mythopoeic Award as best novel for adults. The novel also was nominated for the Locus Award that same year. In 2000, it received the Alex Award from the American Library Association, which called it one of the top ten books written for adults that have special appeal to young adults (Johnson, 2009: 1). Stardust is the first solo prose novel written by Neil Gaiman in 1998. It is published as a novel with illustrations by Charles Vess. In 2007, a film entitled Stardust was released, the film was adapted from the Stardust novel. In the same year a book entitled Serbuk Bintang- Stardust also has been released, it also a book adapted from Stardust novel which delivered in Indonesian language. Stardust is an adult fairy tale about love, magic, friendship, danger and adventure. This novel is infused with wry humor, delivered in a no-nonsense fashion. Stardust is a novel which tells about a young man named Tristran

Thorn, evil witches, and the sons of Lord Stormhold. All of them sought a young woman named Yvaine, the star who lived in the land of Faerie. Tristran sought the star to be brought to his love Victoria Forester. While, the evil witches sought the star to be young as long as they live. Then, the sons of Lord Stormhold sought the star for the purpose to be the eighty-second Lord of Stormhold. The main character of this story is Tristran Thorn. He was good hearted, friendly and romantic person.

B. Identification of the problem Based on the background of the study above, there are some problems that appear in Stardust. The problems can be identified as follows: 1. The problem in the love story in the novel that faced by Tristran as the main character. 2. The emotional and danger conflict that faced by Tristran with other characters in the novel. 3. The adventures and friendship values that faced by Tristran Thorn as the main character.

C. Limitation of the problem Based on the identification of the problem above, there are some problems that can be analyzed. However, it is impossible for the writer to analyze all the problems, so the writer decides to limit the study on one of the

problems. In this thesis, the researcher focuses the study on the personality of the main character as reflected in Stardust.

D. Formulation of the problem The limitation of the problem above helps to formulate the problems. Therefore the problem can be arranged as follows: 1. How are the characterizations of the main character, Tristran Thorn, described in Stardust? 2. How is the personality of the main character, Tristran Thorn, described in Stardust? 3. What moral values can be taken from the main character Tristran Thorn described in Stardust?

E. Objectives of the study The objectives of the study are the answer of the questions that are formulated above. They are as follows: 1. to describe the characterizations of Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust. 2. to describe the personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust. 3. to describe moral values that can be taken from Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust.

F. Significances of the Study This study is intended to give benefits to the readers and the other researchers. The significances of the study of this research are as follows: 1. For readers Reading this study allows the reader to have background knowledge about the history of the world (especially the problems in personality faced by Tristran as the main character in Neil Gaiman s Stardust and implied moral lesson of the story, particularly in the aspect of psychology). 2. For other researchers This research will give contribution for further research studies on. The finding of this study can help the other researcher to get more knowledge and give them some references. The writer also hopes that this finding will be useful for those who are interested in the research that has similar topic. They can study Neil Gaiman s works by using other approach.

G. Presentation of the Study The writer divides this study into five chapters. The first chapter presents the introduction which consists of the background of the study, identification of the problem, limitation of the problem, formulation of the problem, objectives of the study, significances of the study, and the last is presentation of the study. The second chapter presents the theoretical framework which consists of biography of the author and his literary career, theory of character and

characterization, theory of personality, theory of psychological approach, and moral values. The third chapter presents the research method which consists of type of the research, data collecting method, and data analyzing method. The fourth chapter presents research finding and discussion. In this chapter the writer pictures the synopsis of the novel, the characterization of the main character Tristran Thorn as reflected in Stardust novel, the personality of Tristran Thorn in Stardust and moral values that can be taken from Tristran Thorn personality in Stardust novel. The fifth chapter presents the conclusion and suggestion.

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

In this chapter, the researcher presents the theoretical framework. It contains of the biography of the author and his literary career, theory of character and characterization, theory of personality, theory of psychological approach, and the last is moral values.

A. Biography of the Author and His Literary Career There are a lot of sources that discuss about Neil Gaiman biography. The researcher uses the internet for knowing the biography of Neil Gaiman. According to (http://www.neilgaiman.com/p/About_Neil/Biography), Neil Gaiman was born in Hampshire, UK, and now lives in the United States near Minneapolis. As a child he discovered his love of books, reading, and stories, devouring the works of C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, James Branch Cabell, Edgar Allan Poe, Michael Moorcock, Ursula K. LeGuin, Gene Wolfe, and G.K. Chesterton. A self-described feral child who was raised in libraries,Gaiman credits librarians with fostering a life-long love of reading: I wouldn't be who I am without libraries. I was the sort of kid who devoured books, and my happiest times as a boy were when I persuaded my parents to drop me off in the local library on their way to work, and I spent the day there. I discovered that librarians actually want to help you: they taught me about interlibrary loans. Gaiman began his writing career in England as a journalist. His first

book was a Duran Duran biography that took him three months to write, and his second was a biography of Douglas Adams, Don t Panic: The Official Hitch Hiker s Guide to the Galaxy Companion. Gaiman describes his early writing: I was very, very good at taking a voice that already existed and parodying or pastiching it. Violent Caseswas the first of many collaborations with artist Dave McKean. This early graphic novel led to their series Black Orchid, published by DC Comics. The groundbreaking series Sandman followed, collecting a large number of US awards in its 75 issue run, including nine Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards and three Harvey Awards. In 1991, Sandmanbecame the first comic ever to receive a literary award, the 1991 World Fantasy Award for Best Short Story. Gaiman is the critically acclaimed, bestselling author of the novels Stardust, Neverwhere, American Gods, Coraline, Anansi Boys, The Graveyard Book, The Sandman series of graphic novels, the story collections Smoke and Mirrors, Fragile Things, Good Omens (with Terry Patchett) and others. Neil Gaiman is the author of novels, graphic novels, short fictions, comic books, audio theatres and films. He is not common graphic novelist and comic book writer. He is the best novelist and book writer. Many his literary works became the best seller list when the novel published. During become a writer, he got many awards, including Hugo, Nebula, Bram Stoker, Newbery Medal, and Carnegie Medal in Literature. He became the first author to win both the Newbery and the Carnegie medals for the same work. In 1999 first printings of his fantasy novel Stardust were released.

B. Theory of Character and Characterization 1. Character Character can be said as the most important element in a story because it is the main part in a story. Character also often called as the figure in the story. A character in a story or novel usually can be seen through the dialogues, behavior, the author way of thinking and characteristic that influences the psychology from the characters. Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 195) describes that character is all the qualities and features that make a person, groups of people, and places different from others. Moreover, Abrams (1981: 20), characters are the people in dramatic or narrative work, who are interpreted by the reader as being endowed with moral dispositional qualities that are expressed in what they say, the dialogue, by what they do the action, furthermore. Subhan in his book A guide to Literary Criticism (2010: 8) shows that character in the novel (prose) can be divided into two groups namely major or main characters and minor characters.

a. Main or major character Major character has a very important role in a story of the novel. Character is said to be major character when a person in the story always exposed in all events. Usually the major character does the dialogues more than other characters. The main or major character

plays an important role in the novel; therefore the reader usually pays more attention to the main character or major character. The major character can further be analyzed into three groups: 1) The protagonist, also known as the very central character or the leading actor (actress). The protagonist is the very central character who always does kind things. According to Subhan (2010: 9), in a didactic novel, the protagonist is usually the hero or the heroine that plays an important role in the story. The hero is usually a good man with a good characteristics, for example, a) he is handsome (she is beautiful), clever, or rich, b) he has a good mentality and his morality is also good, c) he is wise, sensible, and humble, d) he/ she love the poor or takes care of other people, or e) he/she is a leader who struggles for his/ her country, nation or the oppressed people. The protagonist in a novel can usually be identified by: a) His (her) position in the story; if he (she) is the protagonist in the novel, all the strings of relationship will be connected with him (her). b) His (her) frequent appearance in the story; the protagonist is usually discussed much, and appears many times from the beginning of the story until the end. c) The title of the novel; if the title of a novel shows name of a person, the readers can usually say that the protagonist is the person shown by title.

2) The antagonist, also known as the enemy or the challenger of the protagonist character. The antagonist in a novel usually refers to the enemy or the challenger of the protagonists. In the didactic novel or in the novel in which there is an element of moral teaching, the antagonist character is usually immoral or evil because the protagonist is usually good and true (Subhan, 2010: 11). The characteristics of antagonist character always become the opposite of the protagonist characteristics. 3) The companion, also known as the partner or the supporter of the protagonist. The protagonist usually has a companion or a partner in pursuing his duty, career, struggle, or aspiration. When a protagonist is oppressed, he is usually helped by a close friend or by a reputable person. The companion of a protagonist character may function as the lover or the protagonist (Subhan, 2010: 13). In other words, the companion of protagonist also plays an important role in the story so that sometimes it is difficult for a reader to judge who the protagonist is (Subhan, 2010: 14).

b. Minor character Minor characters are those who support the main or major characters. Tarigan (1984: 144) declares that failure character also

called minor character; its means that the minor character has behavior as well as their idea that opposite with the main character in the same time and parallel situations. Minor character failure also caused success for the main character even though minor character support the main character but does not have both in the same behavior with the main character having different idea with the main character does not mean fight against the protagonist character, but sometimes provide help for main character indirectly. Subhan (2003: 8) states that according to the function or position of the character in the work, character divides into several kinds, there are major and minor character. Having different idea with the main character, does not mean fight against the protagonist character, but sometimes provide help for main character indirectly.

2. Characterization Holman and Harmon (1986: 83) mention the definition of characterization as the creation of the imaginary persons in fiction so that they present for the reader as lifelike. The person in a story may resemble the actual person in a real life, so they may share the same characters. These characters are built by author to make the story appealing to the readers. Character is always accompanied by characterization.

Characterization is the way in which the author describes character in a

story. It also pictured as one of the elements which develop the works from the inside of the literary works. Through the characterization, the reader can understand about personal character that is being told by the author, such as emotion of the figure, ambitious, the appearance behavior, the way thinking of life, age, gender, religious, belief, environment and others. Subhan (2010: 15) defines that based on the characterization, character can be divided into two groups namely: flat characters and round characters.

a. Flat characters A character in the novel is said to be flat when he (she) has an unchanging characteristic from the beginning to the end of the story (Subhan, 2010: 15). This type of the character does not change the characteristics as long as the story goes. It can be meant if the character is good in the first of the story; it will be good in the middle or in the last of the story. In contrast, if the character is bad in the beginning; it will follow bad character in the middle or the end of the story.

b. Round Characters In contrast to the description of the flat character, a round character is one which undergoes changes in the characterization in the course of the story. A character, for example, is described to be morally good in beginning of the story but after that he (she) becomes

bad in the middle or in the end of the story; that character is called a round character. In the same way a character is said to be round when he (she) is bad in the beginning and then becomes good in the middle or in the end of the story (Subhan, 2010: 16). From the descriptions of the characterization theories above, the researcher uses the characterization theory which described by Subhan. He has divided character into two groups; those are flat and round character. The writer chooses flat character, because the character of Tristran Thorn is constant from the beginning of the story till the end of the story.

C. Theory of Personality Personality theory is a branch of psychological approach which focuses on analyzing individual characteristics. Personality is a word derived from Latin persona that means individual . Personality is read to be mean not only attitudes but also thought and feelings. According to Subhan (2006: 85), personality can be interpreted as a fixed pattern of behavior from someone that is formed on the thoughts, feelings and perceptions of others and their environment. Adler (1964: 84) describes that there are six basic theories of the personality: 1. There is one basic dynamic force behind all human activity, a striving from a felt minus situation towards a plus situation, from a feeling of inferiority toward superiority, perfection, totality. 2. The individual subjective perception to from the behavior or personality.

3. The striving receives its specific direction from an individually unique goal or self-ideal, which though influenced by biological and environmental factor is ultimately the creation of the individual. 4. The socialization of the individual is not achieved at the cost of repression, but is afforded through an innate human ability, which, however, needs to be developed. This ability which Adler calls social feeling or social interest becomes crucial for his adjustment. 5. All psychological processes from a self-consistent organization from the point of view of the goal this self-consistent personality structure is what Adler calls the style of life. 6. The life of style developed from individual creative power. Maddi (1968:10) said that personality is a stable set of characteristics and tendencies that determine those commonalities and differences in the psychological behavior (thoughts, feelings, and actions) of people that have continuity in time and that may or may not be easily understood in terms of the social and biological pressures of the immediate situation alone. He add that tendencies are the entities that determine the thoughts, feelings, and actions that seems directional, or in the service of goals or functions. He also said that characteristics are static or structural entities, usually implied by tendencies, that are used to explain not the movement toward goals or the achievement of functions, but rather the fact and content of goals or requirements. They are also used to explain thoughts, feelings, and actions that do not seem directional so much as repetitive in nature . Personality is also used colloquially to imply

personal attractiveness, the ability to withstand hardships ( character is commoner here), and other specific qualities (Stagner, 1965: 4). Moreover, Watson in Stagner (1965: 5) pictures that personality includes not only these (character conventional) reactions, but also the more individual personal adjustments and capacities as well as their life history. Cattle in Subhan (2010: 63) said that there are sixteen basic traits of personality. They are: (1) reserved >< outgoing, (2) less intelligent >< more intelligent, (3) affected by feelings >< emotionally stable, (4) submissive >< dominant, (5) serious >< happy-go-lucky, (6) expedient >< conscientious, (7) timid >< venturesome, (8) tough-minded >< sensitive, (9) trusting >< suspicious, (10) practical >< imaginative, (11) forthright >< shrewd, (12) self-assured >< apprehensive, (13) conservative >< experimenting, (14) group-dependent >< self-sufficient, (15) uncontrolled >< controlled, (16) relaxed >< tense. Based on the definitions of the personality theories above, the researcher takes the personality theory which stated by Cattle via Subhan in analyzing the personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character of the Stardust novel.

D. Theory of Psychological Approach In analyzing this research, the researcher chooses the psychological study and the research is going to discuss the personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust. According to Subhan in A Guide to Literary Criticism (2010:59), psychology (the science or study of mind and its process) is useful to help a literary researcher explain interpret and evaluate literary

works. Subhan in A Guide to Literary Criticism (2010: 59-60) adds that another contribution of psychology towards literary criticism is related to the characters and characterization. Psychology can explain why a certain character in the novel becomes bad, good, frustrated, illuminated, or killed the character someone. Subhan in A Guide to Literary Criticism (2010: 65) also explain that psychologist who study personality considers social effectiveness only one aspect of behaviors. Many psychologists think that personality is the sum of all psychological theory and it is not separate entity. If a person understands learning theory, motivation, child development, perception and psychology, he will understand personality. Others also think that each individual is unique and quite special. Psychological approach is an approach that always talks about the psychological life of the character in literary works. According to Wellek and Warren (1956: 81) in Subhan (2010: 53-54) says: By psychology of literaturewe may mean the psychological study of the writer, as type and as individual, or the study of the creative process, or the study of the psychological types and laws present within works of literature, of finally, the effects of literature upon its readers (audience psychology). The fourth we shall consider under Literature and Society , the other three shall be here be discussed in turn. Probably only the third belongs, in strictest sense, to literature study. The first two are subdivisions of the psychology of art: though, at times, they may serve as engaging pedagogic approaches to the study of literature, we should disavow any attempt to evaluate literary works in terms of their origins (the genetic fallacy) . Wellek & Warren (1956: 81) in Subhan (2010: 54-55) also explains that psychological of literature has four branches as follows:

1. The psychological study of the writer as type and as individual. This psychological study also can be said as a psychological approach to the author as a personal. This approach belongs to the science of psychology of art. 2. The psychological study to the creative process of the literary work. This psychological approach to the creative process of the literary work starting from pushing which is not consciousness condition, that born the literary works as to the last correlation that done by the writer. This approach also belongs to the science of psychology of art. 3. Psychological study of psychological types and laws present within works of literature. This psychological study also can be said as a psychological approach to the psychological rules and norms that can be gotten from it. In strictest, this approach studies about realm. 4. Psychological study of effects of literature upon its readers (audience psychology). Psychological approach to the influence of literary work to the reader should be better put within study of literature and society. In other words, this branch is included in the realm of sociology of literature, particularly the pragmatic study (approach). This idea also suggests that psychology and sociology are (can be) related. It can be concluded that psychological approach in literary work is approach to shape author s ideas as his artwork through the character of story

in order that the author knows how character intends of consciousness to the reader when they read his novel. Besides, the psychological approach is the process to revise the mistake or errors that is belong by person who wants the condition and feeling himself/herself. Based on the descriptions of psychological theories above, the researcher uses the psychological study which defined by Wellek and Warren via Subhan. From the above description, Wellek and Warren in Subhan have explained four branches psychological of literature. The writer chooses the psychological approach to the study of psychological types and laws present within works of literature, because Tristran Thorn as the main character in the Stardust novel has good rules and norms. The writer wishes the rules and norms of Tristran s characteristics can be taken and applied by the readers and other researchers.

E. Moral Values There is a relationship between literary works and the social reality and the background of the social culture of the author. A literary work is read not only for recreational reading. In writing a literary work, the author usually has a goal. The goal of the author is to give a message to the readers; in general, the message can be called as a moral teaching or moral values. There is a difference in perception or view about moral value which described by people or scientists. It is ordinarily influence by way of life, thought, and place. According to Nurgiyantoro (1998: 321), novel always offers moral values related to the novel characteristics, the struggle for rights and the human status.

Kenny in Nurgiyantoro (1998: 320) says that moral (noun) is something that is intended to be conveyed by the author to the reader in literature. Moral values in literature usually reflect the author s view about the right is intended to be conveyed to the reader. The moral in the literature is a guidance given by the author about anything related to the problems of life such as behavior, attitude, and politeness. Furthermore, Nurgiyantoro (1998: 321) states that moral is something which the author can carry on the readers to the meaning which is implied in a work, and the meaning which is suggested through the story. Card (1988: 5) describes that moral values can be determined through a motive on the actions of characters. What a character does, no matter how awful or how good, is never morally absolute. In fiction, however, we can help the readers understand the characters motives with clarity, sometimes even certainty. This is one of the reasons why people read fiction to come some understanding of why other people act the way they do. In a literary work, anything moral means to express or convey truth or counsel to right conducts. Webster (1979: 589) states that moralis concerned with the principles of right or wrong conducts. According to Shaw (1972: 245), morality is acceptance of, and conformity to, rules of right conducts and moral, or virtuous behaviors. More clearly, he sates that Except for works of decadence and pornography, all literature is involved with morality although this quality may be only implied. For instance, despite the treachery, deceit, cunning, and murders involved in worthwhile tragedies, they are plays of morality because their essential message is that the wage of sin is death .

The term value may refer to interests, pleasures, likes, preferences, duties, moral obligations, desires, wants, needs, aversions and attractions, and many other modalities of selective orientation (Pepper, 1958: 7). Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 825) says that Moral is concerned with principle of right and wrong behavior. While, Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 1435) says that value means the quality of being useful or important. These definitions look different but they are related to the same meaning. An important understanding of the term valueis that it is a standard behavior that is useful or worthwhile. Moral values in literature then mean the principles of right or wrong behaviors which are worthwhile and important in literary work to be conveyed to the readers to improve their morality in life. In a novel, moral values can be seen through an implication. It is because moral values usually can only convey implicitly. The moral values are implied through the characters in the novel. Good or positive moral values are usually conveyed through the protagonist characters. In converse, bad or negative moral values are conveyed through the antagonist character. The writer hopes this research finding will give some good or positive moral values to the reader that can be applied by the reader in his/her daily life. In analyzing the Stardust novel, the writer of this research finds and writes some good or positive moral values and bad or negative moral values of the main character of Tristran Thorn.

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

In this chapter, the researcher presents the research method. It contains of the type of the research, data collecting method and data analyzing method.

A. Type of the Research The research method used in this research is library research method. Library research method is a kind of research that is conducted by reading the sources such as books, articles, and bulletins. Library has positive effects or benefits in providing the sources. The subject of this research is the novel entitled Stardust which written by Neil Gaiman. The object of this research is the personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character in Stardust. The data sources used in this research are divided into primary data and secondary data.

1. The Primary Data Primary data is also called as the main data or the most important data of the research. In this research, the writer takes Stardust which written by Neil Gaiman as the primary data or the subject of this research. The novel itself has 10 chapters and epilogue in the last of the story with 336 pages.

2. The Secondary Data The secondary data are also called as the supporting data because the functions of secondary data are to support the primary or the main data. The secondary data of this research are taken from some critical books or reference theories of some other books, articles and electronic sources which related to the theory of this research. All of the data are completed together as secondary data in order to describe the Stardust novel and its contents, the author of the novel and the theory that used to analyze the novel.

B. Data Collecting Method The researcher uses the library research to collect the data of the research. The researcher does the following activities:

1. Visiting library The first step is visiting library. The researcher visits the library of campus 2 of Ahmad Dahlan University and public library of Yogyakarta to get the data. The researcher visits the libraries; reads and understands the primary source and the secondary sources then makes some notes. Library research is applied as the method in this study. In library research, data are gathered from written sources such as books and journals.

2. Reading the novel The second step is reading the book to get the understanding of the story and the topic of the study. The researcher reads the novel Stardust carefully, critically and repeatedly to understand the story of the novel better and gets the meaning of the story. The researcher has to find, study, and select some references of theory in library to support the analysis.

3.

Writing the data The third step is writing the data. While in visiting libraries, the researcher reads the primary source and secondary sources and makes some notes. The researcher finds the problem formulation, aimed to develop the questions that are going to be analyzed and answered in this study.

4.

Selecting the data The next step was selecting data. A lot of source related to the topic were used as references to support this study, including books, journals and other written sources collected from the Internet.

5.

Categorizing the data The last step was categorizing data. The data are used to help analyzing the problem, allowing the researcher to conduct a deep analysis about the topic chosen in this study. In finishing this research, the researcher needs to select the data provided to get fix, reasonable and

appropriate ones. The selection means to reduce the unnecessary data to get the best ones. The reduction of the data is very important and must be done, because there are many and various data materials. So to choose the most appropriate data, the researcher has to reduce such data which are not connected directly.

C. Data Analyzing Method The data analysis method used in this research is descriptive qualitative under psychology personality approach. Psychology personality is a study about psychology problems. Psychology personality usually needed to describe the personality or characters and characterization of the figure in the novel. Personality is pattern act of consistent from someone who has mind, fell perception her/his toward people and environment. Therefore, personality of someone is unique and special relative, so the main character in literature called character as minor of her/his personality (Subhan, 2006: 85). While, descriptive qualitative method is stated by statement, quotation, or described by explanation. It is used to give clear description about the study qualitatively by choosing, considering, defining, and arranging the fixed data. Moelong (2007: 11) states that in qualitative research, the data collected are words, picture, and not number.

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION

In this chapter, the researcher presents his findings about the synopsis of the Stardust novel, Tristran s characterization, Tristran s personality, and moral values that can be taken from Tristran Thorn.

A. Synopsis of the Novel Stardust tells about a young man named Tristran Thorn, an evil witch called The Lilim, and the sons of Lord Stormhold. All of them sought a young woman named Yvaine, the star who lived in the land of Faerie. The story begins from Dunstan Thorn who lived in the village of Wall which separated from Faerie by a very long and very high wall, from which the village named. There is only one narrow gap in the wall, through which the lush green meadows of Faerie can be seen, but no one from both of the village of Wall and Faerie goes through that gap because guarded by two townsmen day and night. One night, Dunstan Thorn was allowed to across the wall when there was a fair in Faerie land. He went to the fair when he was a young man. That night, Dunstan met Lady Una in the woods and made love with her. Someday Lady Una received a baby in a basket and the baby was Thorn Dunstan s and Una's son named Tristran Thorn. Eighteen years later, Tristran sought the love of Victoria Forester, the town beauty. One night, Tristran saw a star fell down in Faerie land. Tristran promised and sought the star in faerie land to be brought

to Victoria Forester. In the journey to Faerie land, Tristran found some best friends. He met the little hairy man who helped him through the woods. In the Faerie land Tristran used the candlelight he got from his father. He surprised when he knew that the star was a young woman named Yvaine. Tristran continued his journey with Yvaine, the star. He saw the lion and the unicorn were fighting for the crown. Tristran let the Unicorn carried Yvaine and he left the unicorn and Yvaine. He wondered if he would ever see the star again. Tristran met the tree which can talk with him. The tree asked Tristran to catch the coach that driven by the son of Lord Stormhold called Primus. He continued his journey with his new companion, Lord Primus. Primus told him about the evil seventh boy-child of Lord Stormhold which called Septimus. There was rain in the middle of the journey and then they found an inn. In the inn there Tristran met witch-queen who wanted to get Yvaine s heart, the unicorn which carried Yvaine, innkeeper called Billy, and the maid or pot-girl. Primus and the unicorn were killed by the woman called witch-queen in the inn. The witch-queen wanted to catch Tristran and Yvaine, but they left the inn with help candlelight although his left hand burned. Tristran and Yvaine were at the top of the spire of cloud. They met the captain called Mr. Brown and the crew of the Free Ship Perdita. In the ship, the captain served Tristran and Yvaine some foods. On the seventh day Tristran and Yvaine said good-byes to the captain and the crew. Tristran and Yvaine down and back to the earth. Tristran and Yvaine met Madame Semele. Madame Semele agreed to transport them with her caravan to the wall. Tristran left Yvaine crossed the gap of the

wall to tell Victoria that he found the star. Victoria Forester told Tristran that she has already engaged with Mr. Robert Monday. Several hours later, Tristran back to Faerie land to meet Yvaine. Then Tristan met his mother, Lady Una who was the bird in the witch s caravan and the only daughter of King Stormhold. Lady Una asked Tristran to put the silver chain around his neck. A short time later Lady Una travelled by palanquin to left Tristran and Yvaine. Tristran and Yvaine met with the old woman who wanted to get Yvaine s heart called the witch-queen. Tristran wanted to fight the witch-queen, but the witchqueen regret her cruel and conscious that Yvaine s heart will not be hers. Tristran and Yvaine walked away toward the wall. Finally, Tristran became the King of Stormhold and married with Lady Yvaine. A short time later Tristan, the King of Stormhold was died, and Lady Yvaine became the Lady of Stormhold. She proved a better monarch, in peace and in war, than any would have dared to hope.

B. Characterizations of Tristran Thorn The researcher of this thesis has explained in the chapter 2 that the researcher chooses the theory of characterization described by Subhan. Subhan has described two kinds of character, that are flat and round character. In this sub-chapter, the researcher only focuses to describe the characterization of Tristran Thorn as the main character in the novel written by Neil Gaiman entitled Stardust. After read the novel, the researcher finds some flat character

of Tristran Thorn which described by Neil Gaiman. Neil Gaiman has described the characterizations of Tristran Thorn as follows:

1. Caring Caring is described as someone who is kind, protects and gives emotional support to others. Caring means kind, helpful and showing that you care about other people. (Hornby, 2000: 177). Tristran is a caring person. He often shows his care to the star, Yvaine. It can be seen from this quotation: I m sorry, said Tristran, uselessly. I can make you a splint. I ve done it for sheep. It ll be all right. He squeezed her hand, and then he went to the brook, and dipped his handkerchief in it, and gave it to the star to wipe her forehead. (Gaiman, 1999: 146) The above quotation shows that Tristran cares to the star. He gives his handkerchief to the star to wipe the star s forehead. He also takes care about the star s injured leg. It can be seen in the following citation: He split more fallen wood with his knife. Then he removed his jerkin, and took off his shirt, which he proceeded to tear into strips which he used to bind the sticks, as firmly as he could, about her injured leg. The star made no sounds while he did this, although, when he pulled the last knot tight, he thought he heard her whimper to herself. Really,he told her, we ought to get you to a proper doctor. I m not a surgeon or anything. No?she said dryly. You astonish me. He let her rest for a little, in the sun. And then he said, Better try again, I suppose,and he raised her to her feet. (Gaiman, 1999: 146147) The citation above shows that Tristran protects the star. He cleaves the fallen wood and takes off his shirt. He proceeds to tear into strips for the

purpose bind the sticks. He advises the star to treat her injured leg to a proper doctor. He also lets the star rest for a little and raises the star to her feet. Another dialogue that shows Tristran s care is can be seen in this citation: Are you hungry? he asked the star. She said nothing. Look, he said, I m starving. Perfectly famished. I don t know if you if stars eat, or what they eat. But I won t have you starving yourself.He looked up at her, questioning. She stared down at him, first impassively, then, in a trice, her blue eyes filled with tears. She raised a hand to her face and wiped away the tears, leaving a smudge of mud on her cheeks. We eat only darkness, she said, and we drink only light. So I m nuh-not hungry. I m lonely and scared and cold and muh-miserable and cuh-captured but I m nuh-not hungry. Don t cry, said Tristran. Look, Ill go into the village and get some food. You just wait here. The unicorn will protect you, if anyone comes. He reached up and gently lifted her down from the unicorn s back. (Gaiman, 1999: 175) From the quotation above, it can be explained that Tristran gives his attention to the star. In the sentence line 1, he asks the star about her hunger. He says to the star that he would go into the village and look for some food. He also entrusts the star that the unicorn would protect her. Another last citation which shows that Tristran is taking care of the star is can be seen in this dialogue: Are you all right? he asked, genuinely concerned, as she approached. Yes, thank you,said the star. She did not ill-use me. Indeed, I do not believe that she ever knew that I was there at all. Is that not peculiar? (Gaiman, 1999: 278)

The last citation above describes that Tristran is a caring person. He shows his attention to the star. Sentence line 1 shows that he shows his attention to the star by asking her condition.

2. Helpful Helpful can be stated as a person who willing to help, or useful. Hornby (2000:606) says that helpful (of a person) means willing to help somebody. Tristran is a helpful person. He usually helps his father on the farm. It can be seen in this below statement: He was a gangling creature of potential, a barrel of dynamite waiting for someone or something to light his fuse; but no one did, so on weekends and in the evenings he helped his father on the farm, and during the day he worked for Mr. Brown, at Monday and Brown s, as a clerk. (Gaiman, 1999: 55) The statement above shows that Tristran helps his father on the farm on weekends and in the evenings. Tristran also likes to offer his help to his companion, the little hairy man. It can be seen in this quotation below: The little man sniffed, and fumbled at the lock of his huge package. Turn round,he said to Tristran. No peekin . Tristran turned away. There was a rummaging, scuffling noise. Then the sound of a lock clicking shut, and then, You can turn around, if you like.The little man was holding an enamel bottle. He was tugging, vainly, at the stopper. Um. Would you like me to help you with that? Tristran hoped the little hairy man would not be offended by his request. He should not have worried; his companion thrust the bottle into his hands. (Gaiman, 1999: 111-112) The sentence Um. Would you like me to help you with that? in line 7 indicates that Tristran is willing to help the little hairy man. Tristran

also shows his help to the star, Yvaine. It can be seen in this quotation below: . Here. Try this. He passed her the crutch, and, reaching down, tried to help her to her feet. His hands tingled, not unpleasantly, where his skin touched hers. She sat on the ground like a tree stump, making no effort to get up. I told you, she said, that I would do everything in my power to frustrate your plans and devices. She looked around the grove. How very bland this world does look by day. And how dull. Just put your weight on me, and the rest on the crutch, he said. You ll have to move sometime. He tugged on the chain and, reluctantly, the star began to get to her feet, leaning first against Tristran, and then, as if proximity to him disgusted her, on the crutch. (Gaiman, 1999: 145-146) The above quotation shows that Tristran helps the star to her feet. Tristran also helps the star onto the unicorn s back. The reason that Tristran is helping the star onto the unicorn s back is can be seen in this citation below: Tristran helped the star onto the unicorns back. She grasped its tangled mane with both hands and sat sidesaddle upon it, her broken leg sticking out. And that was how they traveled for some hours. Tristran walked along beside them, carrying her crutch over his shoulder, with his bag dangling from the end. He found it as hard to travel with the star riding the unicorn as it had been before. Then he had been forced to walk slowly, trying to keep pace with the star s limping hobble now he was hurrying to keep up with the unicorn, nervous lest the unicorn should get too far ahead and the chain that linked them both should pull the star from the beast s back. (Gaiman, 1999: 172) The citation above shows that Tristran helps the star onto the unicorn s back. Tristran walks along beside the star and the unicorn while carries the star s crutch over his shoulder. In this citation below also shows Tristran s help to the star:

He helped Yvaine to her feet and, awkwardly, the two of them took several faltering steps on the cloud. Then Yvaine sat down again. This is no use,she told him. You go and look around. I will wait here for you. (Gaiman, 1999: 230-231) The citation above shows that Tristran helps the star to her feet. Tristran also willing to help a small woman he knows newly carrying the heavy boxes from her cart to the stall. It can be seen from this citation: They stopped and watched a small woman, almost as broad as she was high, do her best to put up her stall. Unasked, Tristran walked over and began to help her, carrying the heavy boxes from her cart to the stall, climbing a tall stepladder to hang an assortment of streamers from a tree branch, unpacking heavy glass carafes and jugs (each one stoppered with a huge, blackened cork and sealed with silvery wax, and filled with a slowly swirling colored smoke), and placing them on the shelves . (Gaiman, 1999: 287-288) Based on the statement above, without asking beforehand, Tristran walks over and begins to help the small woman. He carries the heavy boxes from her cart to the stall, climbs a tall stepladder to hang an assortment of streamers from a tree branch, unpacks heavy glass carafes and jugs (each one stoppered with a huge, blackened cork and sealed with silvery wax, and filled with a slowly swirling colored smoke), and places them on the shelves.

3. Thoughtful Thoughtful can be pictured as a person who carefully considering things. According to Hornby (2000: 1353), Thoughtful is: a) quiet, because you are thinking; b) (approving) showing that you think about and care for other people; c) showing signs of careful thought. Tristran is a thoughtful

person. He usually thinks before begins to talk with others. It can be seen in this citation below: Tristran read it to himself, looking for something about which he could begin to talk: a conversational gambit of some kindany kind. He heard his voice saying, You ll be having rice pudding, then, I would imagine, Miss Forester. As soon as he said it, he knew it had been the wrong thing to say. Victoria pursed her perfect lips, and blinked her grey eyes, and said, Yes, Tristran. We shall be having rice pudding.(Gaiman, 1999: 57) The quotation above shows that Tristran looks for words he would like to begin to talk with Victoria Forester. Tristran also thinks before he does something. It can be seen in this quotation below: He thought of Victorias lips, and her grey eyes, and the sound of her laughter. He straightened his shoulders, placed the crystal snowdrop in the top buttonhole of his coat, now undone. And, too ignorant to be scared, too young to be awed, Tristran Thorn passed beyond the fields we know... and into Faerie. (Gaiman, 1999: 73) The quotation above shows that Tristran thinks of Victoria before he goes to Faerie for looking for the star and bring it to his love, Victoria forester. Tristran also thinks when he talks with the little hairy man. It can be seen in this dialogue below: Suppose you tell me what you re about?said the little hairy man as they sat on the ground and drank their tea. Tristran thought for some moments, and then he said, I come from the village of Wall, where there lives a young lady named Victoria Forester, who is without peer among women, and it is to her, and to her alone, that I have given my heart. Her face is (Gaiman, 1999: 102-103) The quotation above shows Tristran thinks before he tells to the little hairy man about where he is from. He says that he is from the village of

Wall, where there lives his love, Victoria Forester. Another dialogue which shows that Tristran often thinks when he talks with the little hairy man is also can be seen in this citation below: Hmm. Now thens. Do you know where His Vastness the Freemartin Muskish is? Tristran shook his head. D you know where His Vastness the Freemartin Mus-kish s Transluminary Citadel is? Tristran pointed, with certainty. And what of Paris? The one in France? Tristran thought for a moment. Well, if Wall s over there, I suppose that Paris must be sort of in the same sort of direction, mustn t it. (Gaiman, 1999: 115) The dialogue above shows that Tristran is a thoughtful person. Based on the dialogue above, it can be seen that Tristran thinks for a moment before he tells the little hairy man where the Paris is.

4. Responsible Responsible means fulfill a promise. Responsible is also can be described as people who have control and authority over something or someone and the duty of taking care of it or them. According to Hornby (2000: 1089), responsible means having the job or duty of doing something or caring for somebody or something, so that one may be blamed if something goes wrong. Tristran is a responsible person. He proves his promise to Victoria Forester to bring the star which falls down in land of Faerie. It can be seen in this quotation: No. Not my fortune. It was more of a promise I made to this lady I mentioned. I... we were talking, and I was promising her things, and

we saw this falling star, and I promised to bring it to her. And it fell... he waved an arm toward a mountain range somewhere in the general direction of the sunrise ... over there.(Gaiman, 1999: 104) Based on the quotation above, it can be explained that Tristran proves his promise to Victoria Forester. The quotation above shows that Tristran is on the way looking for the star in Faerie land. For further information that Tristran proves his promise is can be seen in this citation below: Tristran began to protest. He could feel the star moving further and further away from him, at the speed of a cantering unicorn, and if there was one thing he did not have time for, it was there citation of the adventures of his life to date. But then it occurred to him that any progress he had made on his quest so far he had made by accepting the help that had been offered to him. So he sat on the woodland floor and he told the copper beech everything he could think of: about his love, pure and true, for Victoria Forester; his promise to bring her a fallen starnot any fallen star, but the one they had seen, together, from the top of Dyties Hill; and of his journey into Faerie. He told the tree of his journeyings, of the little hairy man and of the small fair folk who stole his bowler hat; he told her of the magic candle, and his walk across the leagues to the star s side in the glade, and of the lion and the unicorn, and of how he had lost the star. (Gaiman, 1999: 187-188) The citation above shows that Tristran finds the star. He leaves the star for getting some foods. Tristran is done and fulfilling his promise to Victoria Forester. It can be proved in this statement below: She nodded, and raised her head, so her pretty chin pointed toward Tristran. But I gave you my word, Tristran. And I will keep my word, and I have told Robert this. I am responsible for all that you have gone through even for your poor burned hand. And if you want me, then I am yours. To be honest,he said, I think that I am responsible for all that I have done, not you. And it is hard to regret a moment of it, although I missed soft beds from time to time, and I shall never be able to look at another dormouse in quite the same way ever again.

But you did not promise me your hand if I came back with the star, Vicky. (Gaiman, 1999: 302) From the statement above, it can be explained that Tristran goes looking for the star not because Victoria forester, but because his promise to Victoria Forester to search and bring the star to her. 5. Loving Loving is a person characteristic who showing a lot of love towards someone. Hornby (2000: 764), states that loving is feeling or showing love and affection for somebody or something. Tristran Thorn is a loving person. He is a person who always loves his family. It can be seen in this citation below: Tristran packed a bag, and his mother brought him six red, ripe apples and a cottage loaf and around of white farmhouse cheese, which he placed inside his bag. Mrs. Thorn would not look at Tristran. He kissed her cheek and bade her farewell. Then he walked into the village with his father. (Gaiman, 1999: 68) The citation above shows that Tristran loves his mother, Mrs. Daisy. He kisses her cheek before he goes. He also loves his young sister, Louisa. It can be seen from this statement below: Louisa sighed, a little theatrically, and began to walk, briskly, in the direction of the Seventh Magpie. Tristran ran along the cobbles to catch her up, and then he was walking beside her. It does my heart good to see you again, my sister, he said. (Gaiman, 1999: 295) The quotation above shows that Tristran feels really happy when he sees his young sister again. Tristran also shows his love to his mother, Lady Una. It can be seen in this statement below:

 No, repeated Tristran. You may travel by palanquin, and elephant, and camel and all that, if you wish to, Mother. But Yvaine and I will make our own way there, and travel at our own speed.(Gaiman, 1999: 320) From the statement above, it can be concluded that Tristran shows his love to his mother by gentlemanly asking and letting his mother travel by palanquin or elephant while he and the star walk with their own speed.

6. Romantic Romantic is relating to love or a close loving relationship. Romantic also can be meant as people whose actions towards his partner, pair or someone he/she loved always showing love. Hornby (2000: 1111) describes that romantic (of people) means showing feelings of love. Tristran is described as a romantic person. He often shows his romantic to his first love, Victoria Forester. It can be seen in this quotation below: They took a winding lane up toward the Forester farm, and the crescent moon hung white in the sky and the stars burned in the darkness above them. Victoria,said Tristran, after a while. Yes, Tristran, said Victoria, who had been preoccupied for much of the walk. Would you think it forward of me to kiss you? asked Tristran. Yes,said Victoria bluntly and coldly. Very forward. Ah,said Tristran. They walked up Dyties Hill, not speaking; at the top of the hill they turned, and saw beneath them the village of Wall, all gleaming candles and lamps glimmering through windows, warm yellow lights that beckoned and invited; and above them the lights of the myriad stars, which glittered and twinkled and blazed, chilly and distant and more numerous than the mind could encompass. Tristran reached down his hand and took Victorias small hand in his. She did not pull away. Did you see that? asked Victoria, who was gazing out over the landscape.

 I saw nothing,said Tristran. I was looking at you. Victoria smiled in the moonlight. You are the most lovely woman in all the world, said Tristran, from the bottom of his heart. Get along with you,said Victoria, but she said it gently. What did you see?asked Tristran. A falling star, said Victoria. I believe they are not at all uncommon at this time of year. Vicky,said Tristran. Will you kiss me? No,she said. You kissed me when we were younger. You kissed me beneath the pledge-Oak, on your fifteenth birthday. And you kissed me last May Day, behind your father s cowshed. I was another person then, she said. And I shall not kiss you, Tristran Thorn. If you will not kiss me,asked Tristran, will you marry me? (Gaiman, 1999: 59-61) The citation above shows that Tristran is a romantic person. He asks Victoria Forester to kiss him. Tristran reaches down his hand and took Victoria s hand. Tristran says that Victoria is the loveliest woman in the entire world. Tristran also asks Victoria to marry him. He says to her that he would do and give everything. It can be seen in this below citation: There was silence on the hill. Only the rustle of the October wind. Then a tinkling sound: it was the sound of the most beautiful girl in the whole of the British Isles laughing with delight and amusement. Marry you? she repeated, incredulously. And why ever should I marry you, Tristran Thorn? What could you give me? Give you?he said. I would go to India for you, Victoria Forester, and bring you the tusks of elephants, and pearls as big as your thumb, and rubies the size of wren s eggs. I would go to Africa, and bring you diamonds the size of cricket balls. I would find the source of the Nile, and name it after you. I would go to Americaall the way to San Francisco, to the gold-fields, and I would not come back until I had your weight in gold. Then I would carry it back here, and lay it at your feet. I would travel to the distant northlands did you but say the word, and slay the mighty polar bears, and bring you back their hides.

 I think you were doing quite well, said Victoria Forester, until you got to the bit about slaying polar bears. Be that as it may, little shop-boy and farm-boy, I shall not kiss you; neither shall I marry you. Tristran s eyes blazed in the moonlight. I would travel to far Cathay for you, and bring you a huge junk I would capture from the king of the pirates, laden with jade and silk and opium. I would go to Australia, at the bottom of the world, said Tristran, and bring you. Um. He ransacked the penny dreadfuls in his head, trying to remember if any of their heroes had visited Australia. A kangaroo, he said. And opals, he added. He was fairly sure about the opals. Victoria Forester squeezed his hand. And whatever would I do with a kangaroo? she asked. Now, we should be getting along, or my father and mother will be wondering what has kept me, and they will leap to some entirely unjustified conclusions. For I have not kissed you, Tristran Thorn. Kiss me, he pleaded. There is nothing I would not do for your kiss, no mountain I would not scale, no river I would not ford, no desert I would not cross. He gestured widely, indicating the village of Wall below them, the night sky above them. In the constellation of Orion, low on the Eastern horizon, a star flashed and glittered and fell. For a kiss, and the pledge of your hand, said Tristran, grandiloquently, I would bring you that fallen star. He shivered. His coat was thin, and it was obvious he would not get his kiss, which he found puzzling. The manly heroes of the penny dreadfuls and shilling novels never had these problems getting kissed. (Gaiman, 1999: 61-63) The citation above shows that Tristran says that he would do and give everything that Victoria desire. For a kiss Tristran would search and bring the falling star to her. Tristran also shows his love to the star, Yvaine. It can be seen in this quotation below: The rain began once more, but they made no move to get under cover. He squeezed her hand in his. You know, she said, a star and a mortal man ... Only half mortal, actually, said Tristran, helpfully. Everything I ever thought about myself who I was, what I am was a lie. Or sort of. You have no idea how astonishingly liberating that feels. Whatever you are,she said, I just wanted to point out that we can probably never have children. That s all.

Tristran looked at the star, then, and he began to smile, and he said nothing at all. His hands were on her upper arms. He was standing in front of her, and looking down at her. Just so you know, that s all,said the star, and she leaned forward. They kissed for the first time then in the cold spring rain, though neither one of them now knew that it was raining. Tristran s heart pounded in his chest as if it were not big enough to contain all the joy that it held. He opened his eyes as he kissed the star. Her skyblue eyes stared back into his, and in her eyes he could see no parting from her. (Gaiman, 1999: 313-314) From the citation above, it can be described that Tristran is a romantic person. He kisses the star for the first time; which described by Gaiman with romantic situation of the cold spring rain.

7. Curious Curious can be meant people who interest in learning about people or things around. Curious also means strange and unusual or peculiar. Based on Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 307) says curious is having a strong desire to know about something. Tristran Thorn is a curious person. The statement that Tristran is curious is can be proved in this description below: The sky was beginning to lighten. Tristran put his head on his leather bag in the glen, and did his best to ignore the insults and imprecations that came his way from the girl in the blue dress at the end of the chain. He wondered what the little hairy man would do, when Tristran did not return. He wondered what Victoria Forester was doing at the moment, and decided that she was probably asleep, in her bed, in her bedroom, in her fathers farmhouse. He wondered whether six months was a long walk, and what they would eat on the way. He wondered what stars ate... And then he was asleep. (Gaiman, 1999: 140)

The description above shows that Tristran Thorn always wonders to everything that he thinks. Another citation which shows that Tristran is a curious person is can be seen in this below citation: I had a dream last night, too, said the voice. In my dream, I looked up and I could see the whole forest, and something huge was moving through it. And it got closer, and closer, and I knew what it was.She stopped talking abruptly. What was it? asked Tristran. Everything, she said. It was Pan. When I was very young, somebody maybe it was a squirrel, they talk so much, or a magpie, or maybe a fishie told me that Pan owned all this forest. Well, not owned. Not like he would sell the forest to someone else, or put a wall all around it Or cut down the trees,said Tristran, helpfully. There was a silence. He wondered where the girl had gone. Hello? he said. Hello? There was another rustle of leaves from above him. You shouldn t say things like that,she said. Sorry,said Tristran, not entirely sure what he was apologizing for. But you were telling me that Pan owned the forest... Of course he does,said the voice. It s not hard to own something. Or everything. You just have to know that it s yours, and then be willing to let it go. Pan owns this forest, like that. And in my dream he came over to me. You were in my dream, too, leading a sad girl by a chain. She was a very sad, sad girl. Pan told me to help you. Me? And it made me feel all warm and tingly and squishy inside, from the tips of my leaves to the end of my roots. So I woke up, and there you were, fast asleep with your head by my trunk, snoring like a pigwiggin. (Gaiman, 1999: 184-185) The citation above shows that Tristran asks the tree which can speak with him; he asks what the voice is. Tristran also curiously asks his companion, Septimus. It can be seen in this below citation: His companion reined in the horses, clambered down from the driver s seat, and took out his runes. Then, his consultation complete, he climbed back up, and took the carriage down the left hand fork. If it is not too forward of me to enquire, said Tristran, might I ask what it is that you are insearch of?

 My destiny, said the man, after a short pause. My right to rule. And you? There s a young lady that I have offended with my behavior, said Tristran. I wish to make amends. As he said it, he knew it to be true. (Gaiman, 1999: 197-198) The quotation above indicates that Tristran is a curious person. The sentence in line 4 and 5 shows that Tristran wants to know what Septimus look for is. This statement proves that Tristran is a curious person.

C. Personality of Tristran Thorn In the chapter two, the researcher of this thesis has stated that the researcher uses the personality theory which stated by Cattle via Subhan in analyzing the personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character of the Stardust novel. In this sub-chapter, the researcher only focuses to discuss the personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character in the novel written by Neil Gaiman entitled Stardust. As explained in the chapter two, Cattle via Subhan has categorized sixteen basic traits of personality. Based on the personality theory of Cattle via Subhan, the researcher finds personality of Tristran Thorn as follows:

1. Outgoing Outgoing is also known as cyclothymia (liking for people, easygoing). Outgoing can be described as a friendly and an energetic person and finding it easy and enjoyable to be with others. Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 899) defines outgoing as liking to

meet other people, enjoying their company and being friendly towards them. Tristran Thorn is an outgoing person. It can be seen through following quotation: Is there any more? asked Tristran, realizing just how hungry he was: sometimes a little food can do that to you. Ah now, that s manners for you,said the little figure, who wore a large, floppy hat and a large, flappy overcoat. Is there more? he says, as if it were poached quail s eggs and smoked gazelle and truffles, not just a mushrump, what tastes more or less like something what s been dead for a week and a cat wouldn t touch. Manners. (Gaiman, 1999: 98) The quotation above is taken from the dialogue between Tristran and his new friend, the little hairy man. Tristran is easy to talk with others, he is easy to request more mushroom to his new companion. For more clearly, it also shown in the below citation: I really, truly would like another mushroom, said Tristran, if its not too much trouble. The little man if man he was, which Tristran found rather unlikely sighed mournfully, and reached into the pan sizzling on the fire, with his knife, and flicked two large mushrooms into Tristran s tin bowl. Tristran blew on them, then ate them with his fingers. Look at you, said the little hairy person, his voice a mixture of pride and gloom, eatin those mushrumps as if you liked them, as if they wasn t sawdust and wormwood and rue in your mouth. Tristran licked his fingers, and assured his benefactor that they had been the very finest mushrooms he had ever had the privilege of eating. (Gaiman, 1999: 98-99) The above citation shows that Tristran is easy to talk with others. Although Tristran does not really know yet who the little hairy man is, he really enjoys some foods given by his new companion. He is an easy-going

person. Tristran is liking for people and also easy to introduce his name to his new friend. It can be seen in this quotation: My name is Tristran Thorn, said Tristran, when he returned. His breakfast companion had packed up the morning s breakfast fire, pans and all and made it vanish into his pack. (Gaiman, 1999: 100) The quotation above describes that Tristran introduces his name to his companion, the little hairy man. The quotation indicates that Tristran is a friendly man, easy to make introduction or talk with others.

2. Dominant Dominant or known as ascendance can be pictured as more important person, strong or noticeable than anything else. A dominant person is usually assertive and confident. According to Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 373) dominant is more important, powerful and noticeable than other things. Tristran is an assertive and confident person. It can be proved from this below dialogue of Tristran and the little hairy man: And with that he set off along the path. Tristran walked behind him. Hey! I say! called Tristran. Slow down, cant you? For despite the huge pack (which put Tristran in mind of Christian s burden in Pilgrim s Progress, a book from which Mrs. Cherry had read to them every Monday morning, telling them that, although it was written by a tinker, it was a fine book for all of that) the little man Charmed? Was that his name? was moving away from him as fast as a squirrel up a tree. (Gaiman, 1999: 101) The quotation above shows that Tristran is a dominant person. He assertively and confidently asks the little hairy man to walk slowly. The

little hairy man hurries back down the path then walks slowly as Tristran s request. It can be seen in this below dialogue: The little creature hurried back down the path. Some-thinwrong? he asked. I cannot keep up, confessed Tristran. You walk so confoundedly fast. The little hairy man slowed his pace. Beg your puddin ,he said, as Tristran stumbled after him. Beinon me own so much, I gets used to settinme own pace. They walked side by side, in the golden-green light of the sun through the newly opened leaves. It was a quality of light Tristran had observed, unique to springtime. (Gaiman, 1999: 101) The above citation shows that Tristran sets off the condition. He makes the little hairy man slows his pace and they walk side by side. Tristran is powerful and more important. It can be seen from this following statement: The investiture and subsequent celebrations went on for almost a month, after which the young eighty-second Lord of Stormhold got on with the business of ruling. He made as few decisions as possible, but those he made were wise ones, even if the wisdom was not always apparent at the time. He was valiant in battle, though his left hand was scarred and of little use, and a cunning strategist; he led his people to victory against the Northern Goblins when they closed the passes to travelers; he forged a lasting peace with the Eagles of the High Crags, a peace that remains in place until this day. (Gaiman, 1999: 330) Based on the statement above, Tristran becomes the young eightysecond Lord of Stormhold. He becomes a valiant in battle. He rules and leads his people to a victory against the Northern Goblins. This statement proves that Tristran is more dominant than others.

3. Serious Serious is a person who is not joking or intended to be funny. Serious is also called desurgency or depressive anxiety (depressive and pessimistic). According to Hornby (2000: 1167), Serious means: a) (bad) bad or dangerous; b) needing Thought. Needing to be thought carefully; not only for pleasure; c) Important. That must be treated as important; d) Not silly. Thinking about things in careful and sensible way; not silly; e) Not joking. Sincere about something; not joking or meant as a joke; f) Large Amount (informal) used to emphasize that there is a large amount of something. Tristran is a serious person. It can be seen in this below dialogue: For a kiss, and the pledge of your hand, said Tristran, grandiloquently, I would bring you that fallen star. He shivered. His coat was thin, and it was obvious he would not get his kiss, which he found puzzling. The manly heroes of the penny dreadfuls and shilling novels never had these problems getting kissed. Go on, then,said Victoria. And if you do, I will.(Gaiman, 1999: 63) The dialogue above shows that Tristran seriously says that for a kiss and the pledge of Victoria s hand he would bring her the falling star they see falls in land of Faerie. For further information that Tristran is a serious person, see citation below: I shall leave you here, my lady, said Tristran Thorn. For I have urgent business, to the East. He stood up, unmindful of the mud and mire clinging to his knees and coat, and he bowed to her, and then he doffed his bowler hat.

Victoria Forester laughed at the skinny shop-boy, laughed long and loud and delightfully, and her tinkling laughter followed him back down the hill, and away. (Gaiman, 1999: 65) Based the statement above, it can be stated that Tristran is not joking or intended to be funny to Victoria when he says that he would bring the star for a kiss and the pledge of Victoria s hand. The statement which shows that Tristran is seriously bringing the star is also can be seen in this citation below: It was your right not to kiss me,said Tristran. I did not come here to make you sad, Vicky. I did not find you your star to make you miserable. Her head tipped to one side. So you did find the star we saw that night? Oh yes, said Tristran. The star is back in the meadow, though, right now. But I did what you asked me to do. (Gaiman, 1999: 300) The citation above shows that Tristran comes back to meet Victoria and he says that he finds the star. Tristran finds the star, but he does not bring the star, he brings the star s hair to prove that he finds the star. Another citation which shows that Tristran is seriously bringing the star is can be seen in this citation below: Exactly.She was looking at him now. And then you had to take me seriously and run off to bring me back a star, and not a day would go by when I did not feel as if I had done something foolish and bad. For I promised you my hand, if you returned with the star. And there were some days, Tristran, when I honestly do not know which I thought worse, that you would be killed in the Lands Beyond, all for the love of me, or that you would succeed in your madness, and return with the star, to claim me as your bride. Now, of course, some folks hereabouts told me not to take on so, and that it was inevitable that you would have gone off to the Lands Beyond, of course, it being your nature, and you being from there in the first place, but, somehow, in my heart, I knew I was at fault, and that, one day, you would return to claim me.(Gaiman, 1999: 301)

The citation above shows that Tristran seriously brings the star to Victoria Forester. He proves Victoria that he is not joking or intended to be funny to something he promises. He shows the star s to Victoria.

4. Conscientious Conscientious is a person who always putting a lot of effort into his or her works. Conscientious is described as character or superego strength. Conscientious person is usually taking care to do things carefully or correctly (Hornby, 2000: 261). Tristran is a person who is usually taking care to do things carefully or correctly. It can be seen in this below quotation: Tristran read it to himself, looking for something about which he could begin to talk: a conversational gambit of some kindany kind. He heard his voice saying, You ll be having rice pudding, then, I would imagine, Miss Forester.As soon as he said it, he knew it had been the wrong thing to say. My mother, Tristran confessed, has always sworn by tapioca pudding. He put the list on a spike. We can deliver most of the provisions tomorrow morning, and the rest of it will come back with Mister Monday, early next week.(Gaiman, 1999: 57) The quotation above shows that Tristran thinks before he speaks with his love, Victoria Forester. He looks for some kind words to begin to talk with Victoria. He does something and talks with Victoria carefully. The quotation above shows that Tristran is a conscientious person.

5. Timid Timid means shy and nervous; without much confidence; easily frightened. Timid is also means inherent, withdrawn schizothymia. Hornby in his Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 1363) explains that timid is shy and nervous; not brave. Tristran is a timid person. It can be seen in this below statement: He was painfully shy, which, as is often the manner of the painfully shy, he overcompensated for by being too loud at the wrong times. Most days Tristran was content or as content as a seventeen-year-old youth with his world ahead of him can ever be and when he daydreamed in the fields, or at the tall desk at the back of Monday and Brown s, the village shop, he fancied himself riding the train all the way to London or to Liverpool, of taking a steamship across the grey Atlantic to America, and making his fortune there among the savages in the new lands. (Gaiman, 1999: 53-54) The statement above shows that Tristran is a shy person. He painfully shies as a seventeen year old youth.

6. Venturesome Venturesome is described as a person who is willing to take risks, or an action or behavior that is risky. Venturesome is also called adventurous autonomic resilience. While, Hornby (2000: 1439) says that venturesome is (formal or literary) willing to take risks. Tristran is a venturesome person. It can be seen in this statement below: Tristran walked through the gap, with the stone wall on each side of him, into the meadow on the other side of the wall. Turning, he looked back at the three men, framed in the gap, and wondered why they had allowed him through.

Then, his bag swinging in one hand, the object his father had pushed into his hand in the other, Tristran Thorn set off up the gentle hill, toward the woods. (Gaiman, 1999: 71) The statement above shows that Tristran gentlemanly walks through the gap and sets off up the gentle hill, toward the woods. He goes to the Faerie land bravely, although he knows that Faerie land is dangerous and risky. The reason that Tristran is a venturesome is also can be seen in this below description: He stood expectantly. The little hairy man passed a hand over the candle, which lit with a flame yellow above and blue below. There was a gust of wind, but the flame did not flicker even the slightest bit. Tristran took the candle in his hand, and he began to walk forward. The candlelight illuminated the world: every tree and bush and blade of grass. With Tristrans next step he was standing beside a lake, and the candlelight shone brightly on the water; and then he was walking through the mountains, through lonely crags, where the candlelight was reflected in the eyes of the creatures of the high snows; and then he was walking through the clouds, which, while not entirely substantial, still supported his weight in comfort; and then, holding tightly to his candle, he was underground, and the candlelight glinted back at him from the wet cave walls; now he was in the mountains once more; and then he was on a road through wild forest, and he glimpsed a chariot being pulled by two goats, being driven by a woman in a red dress who looked, for the glimpse he got of her, the way Boadicea was drawn in his history books; and another step and he was in a leafy glen, and he could hear the chuckle of water as it splashed and sang its way into a small brook. He took another step, but he was still in the glen. There were high ferns, and elm trees, and foxgloves in abundance, and the moon had set in the sky. He held up the candle, looking for a fallen star, a rock, perhaps, or a jewel, but he saw nothing. (Gaiman, 1999: 135-136) The statement above shows that Tristran stands expectantly and certainly he walks with the help of candlelight. He walks through lake and

through the mountains. He walks through lonely crags, clouds, to wet cave walls. He walks continuously on a road through wild forest until he meets the star in leafy glen. The description above shows that Tristran is a venturesome, because he bravely goes to Faerie land.

7. Sensitive Sensitive or emotional sensitivity means understanding what other people need, and being helpful and kind to them. Sensitive is also means easily upset by the things people say or do, or causing people to be upset, embarrassed or angry. Hornby in his Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 1164) divided the descriptions of sensitive into six descriptions; that are: a) to people s feelings: Aware of and able to understand other people and their feelings; b) to art/ music/ literature: Able to understand art, music and literature and to express yourself through them; c) easily upset: (About or to something) easily offended or upset; d) Information/ subject: That you have to treat with great care because it may offend people or make them angry; e) to cold/light/food, etc.: reacting quickly or more than usual to something; f) to small changes able to measure very small changes: Tristran is a sensitive person. It can be seen in this citation below: Well then, you can skip that stuff,said the little hairy man. We ll take it all as said. So what damn-fool silly thing has this young lady got you a-doinof? Tristran put down his wooden cup of tea, and stood up, offended.

What, he asked, in what he was certain were lofty and scornful tones, would possibly make you imagine that my lady-love would have sent me on some foolish errand? The little man stared up at him with eyes like beads of jet. Because that s the only reason a lad like you would be stupid enough to cross the border into Faerie. The only ones who ever come here from your lands are the minstrels, and the lovers, and the mad. And you don t look like much of a minstrel, and you re pardon me saying so, lad, but it s true ordinary as cheese-crumbs. So it s love, if you ask me.(Gaiman, 1999: 103-104) The citation above shows that Tristran feels offended when his new friend offends him and gibes his love, Victoria Forester. For further citation which shows that Tristran is a sensitive person is also can be seen in this below citation: They began to laugh, in high, bell-tinkling tones, pointing at Tristran, in his broken boots and blanket, and underclothes, and bowler hat. Tristran blushed red, and pulled the blanket about himself. Be off with you, you silly things, said Tristran, his face burning, and, having nothing else to hand, he threw his bowler hat at them. Thus it was, that when the little hairy man arrived back from the village of Revelry (although why it was so called no man alive could say, for it was a gloomy, somber place, and had been for time out of mind) he found Tristran sitting glumly beside a hawthorn bush, wrapped in a blanket, and bewailing the loss of his hat. They said cruel things about my true love, said Tristran. Miss Victoria Forester. How dare they? The little folk dare anything,said his friend. And they talks a lot of nonsense. But they talks an awful lot of sense, as well. You listen to em at your peril, and you ignore em at your peril, too. They said I was soon to face my true love s scorn. Did they, indeed? The little hairy man was laying a variety of clothes out upon the grass. Even in the moonlight, Tristran could see that the clothes he was laying out bore no manner of resemblance to the clothes that Tristran had removed earlier in the day. (Gaiman, 1999: 127-129) The citation above shows that Tristran is angry when his companions laugh, point at him and sing some satire songs. He throws his bowler hat at

them. He feels offended when his companions say cruel things about Victoria Forester.

8. Trusting Trusting or trustful altruism means always believing that other people are good or honest and will not harm or deceive. Trusting is means tending to believe that other people are good, sincere, honest, etc. (Hornby, 2000: 1394). Tristran is a trusting person. It can be seen in this quotation below: By the time Victoria was seventeen, and Tristran also, she was in all probability, he was certain, the most beautiful girl in the British Isles. Tristran would have insisted on the most beautiful girl in the entire British Empire, if not the world, and boxed you, or been prepared to, had you argued with him. You would have been hardpressed to find anyone in Wall who would have argued with him, though; she turned many heads and, in all probability, broke many hearts. (Gaiman, 1999: 49) The quotation above shows that Tristran believes that Victoria is the most beautiful and kindest girl in the British Isles. He is certain that Victoria will give everything he desire if he bring the fallen star. It can be seen in this below dialogue: And if I brought you the fallen star? asked Tristran lightly. What would you give me? A kiss? Your hand in marriage? Anything you desire, said Victoria, amused. You swear it? asked Tristran. They were walking the last hundred yards now, up to the Foresters farmhouse. The windows burned with lamplight, yellow and orange. Of course, said Victoria, smiling. The track to the Forestersfarm was bare mud, trodden into mire by the feet of horses and cows and sheep and dogs. Tristran Thorn went

down on his knees in the mud, heedless of his coat or his woolen trousers. Very well, he said. The wind blew from the east, then. I shall leave you here, my lady, said Tristran Thorn. For I have urgent business, to the East. He stood up, unmindful of the mud and mire clinging to his knees and coat, and he bowed to her, and then he doffed his bowler hat. Victoria Forester laughed at the skinny shop-boy, laughed long and loud and delightfully, and her tinkling laughter followed him back down the hill, and away. (Gaiman, 1999: 64-65) The dialogue above shows that for everything he desire, Tristran leaves Victoria to get the fallen star to be brought to Victoria. He believes that Victoria will give him everything. Tristran also trusts Madame Semele. It can be seen in this below citation: The old woman clucked, then nodded. She clambered down from the caravan once more, and hawked, then spat into the dust. She pointed to the glob of spittle. Now you, she said. Tristran spat next to it. With her foot she rubbed both wet patches, so they conjoined. There,she said. A bargain s a bargain. Give me the flower. The greed and hunger were so obvious in her face that Tristran was now certain he could have made a better deal, but he gave the old woman his father s flower. As she took it from him, her face broke into a gap-toothed grin. Why, I do think that this is the superior of the one that damnable child gave away almost twenty years gone. Now, tell me young man,she asked, looking up at Tristran with her sharp old eyes, do you know what manner of thing you have been wearing in your buttonhole?(Gaiman, 1999: 258) The citation above shows that Tristran believes that Madame Semele will transport him to wall. He makes deal with Madame Semele by giving his father s flower. He also believes his mother, Daisy Thorn. It can be seen in this below citation:

Don t be nervous, he said. Although it s not surprising that you have nerves; my stomach feels as if I had swallowed a hundred butterflies. You shall feel so much better when you are sitting in my mother s parlor, drinking her tea well, not drinking tea, but there

will be tea for you to sip why, I swear that for such a guest, and to welcome her boy back home, my mother would break out the best china, and his hand sought hers and gave it a reassuring squeeze. (Gaiman, 1999: 280)

From the citation above, it can be seen that that Tristran is certain that for such a guest, and to welcome her boy back home, his mother will break out the best china. These all above citations prove that Tristran is a trusting person.

9. Suspicious Suspicious or paranoid schizothymia means feeling doubt or no trust in someone or something. Suspicious is also means making feel that something illegal is happening or that something is wrong. Hornby (2000: 1312) says that suspicious is: a) feeling that somebody has done something wrong, illegal or dishonest, without having any proof; b) making you feel that something is wrong, illegal or dishonest; c) not willing or able to trust somebody or something. Tristran is a man who is not easy to trust somebody or something. This statement is can be proved in this below citation: But the old woman did not answer her, ignoring her, or so Tristran thought, and said, I will transport you to Wall, and I swear upon my honor and upon my true name that I will take no action to harm you upon the journey. Or by inaction, or indirect action, allow harm to come to me or my companion. As you say. Tristran thought for a moment. He certainly did not trust the old woman. I wish you to swear that we shall arrive in Wall in the

same manner and condition and state that we are in now, and that you will give us board and lodging upon the way. (Gaiman, 1999: 257) The citation above shows that Tristran is not easy to trusting Madame Semele. He is not certain that Madame Semele will transport him to the village of Wall. To make sure, he asks Madame Semele to swear it.

10. Forthright Forthright means a person who is (too) honest or direct in behavior. A forthright person is rough simplicity individual, talkative and free mind. Forthright is direct and honest in manner and speech (Hornby, 2000: 507). Tristran is a person who is always honest to his friend, the little hairy man and direct in behavior. It can be seen in this citation below: Hmm. That s good. But it still doesn t explain nuffink. You hungry? A bit. And Im tattered and torn, said Tristran, fingering the huge holes in his trousers, and in his coat, where the branches and the thorns had seized at him, and the leaves had cut at him as he ran. And look at my boots ... What s in your bag? Tristran opened his Gladstone bag. Apples. Cheese. Half a cottage loaf. And a pot of fishpaste. My penknife. Ive got a change of underwear, and a couple of pairs of woolen socks. I suppose I should have brought more clothes... (Gaiman, 1999: 115-116) The citation above shows that honestly Tristran says that he is hungry a little bit. Tristran also shows everything in his bag to his traveling companion, the little hairy man. The citation above clearly proves that Tristran is a forthright person.

11. Self-assured Self-assured usually also known as placid self-confident. Selfassured person usually has confidence in his or her own abilities. Hornby (2000: 1159) describes that self-assured is having a lot of confidence in yourself and your abilities. Tristran is a man who always confident to himself. It can be seen in this citation below: Well, said his father. That s all right, then. He scratched his nose. Have you given any thought to getting through the wall? Tristran shook his head. Im sure I can find a way, he said. If necessary, Ill fight my way past the guards. (Gaiman, 1999: 67) The citation above shows that Tristran wants to seek the star in Faerie land. He says confidently to his father that he can find a way in the Faerie land. The statement that Tristran is always confident is also can be seen in this quotation below: And he knew that if he turned around and went back, no one would think any less of him for it not his father, nor his mother; and even Victoria Forester would likely as not merely smile at him the next time she saw him, and call him shop boy, and add that stars, once fallen, often proved difficult in the finding. He paused, then. He thought of Victoria s lips, and her grey eyes, and the sound of her laughter. He straightened his shoulders, placed the crystal snowdrop in the top buttonhole of his coat, now undone. And, too ignorant to be scared, too young to be awed, Tristran Thorn passed beyond the fields we know... and into Faerie. (Gaiman, 1999: 72-73) The quotation above shows that Tristran confidently goes to the Faerie land. He thinks of Victoria to make sure before he goes. Tristran also confidently points when the little hairy man asks him some location of place. It can be seen in this statement below:

The little man changed his tack. Where s the village of Wall? he asked. Tristran pointed. Where are the Debatable Hills? Tristran pointed once more, without hesitation. Where s the Catavarian Isles? Tristran pointed to the southwest. He had not known there were Debatable Hills, or Catavarian Isles until the little man had mentioned them, but he was as certain in himself of their location as he was of the whereabouts of his own left foot or the nose on his face. (Gaiman, 1999: 114-115) The statement above shows that Tristran always points confidently about some places which asked by the little hairy man. He is certain in himself of their location. For further statement which shows that Tristran is a confident person is also can be seen in this citation below: ..,but the little hairy man ignored him and continued. so I was a-ponderin : you know where your star is, don t you? Tristran pointed, without hesitation, to the dark horizon. Now then, how far is it, to your star? D you know that? Tristran had not given the matter any thought, hitherto, but he found himself saying, A man could walk, only stopping to sleep, while the moon waxed and waned above him a half a dozen times, crossing treacherous mountains and burning deserts, before he reached the place where the star has fallen. (Gaiman, 1999: 132) The citation above shows that without hesitation Tristran points where the fallen star is. The all citations above prove that Tristran is a selfassured person.

12. Apprehensive Apprehensive person is usually feeling worried about something that he or she going to do. An apprehensive person is also can be said as anxious insecurity individual. Hornby (2000: 50) states that apprehensive (about/ of something) is (that) worried or frightened that something

unpleasant may happen. Tristran is an apprehensive person. It can be seen in the citation below: And then they were standing on the true path: a swath of green sward running through the grey wood. Are we safe here? asked Tristran, panting, and looking about apprehensively. We re safe, as long as we stay on the path, said the little hairy man, and he put down his burden, sat down on the grass of the path and stared at the trees about them. (Gaiman, 1999: 110-111) The citation above shows that Tristran apprehensively asks the little hairy whether they are safe or not as long as they stay on the path in the forest. The statement that Tristran is apprehensive is also can be seen in this below citation: The carriage rattled and pounded over the grassy track beneath a golden-green canopy of leaves. Tristran worried about the star. She might be ill-tempered, he thought, but it was with a certain amount of justification, after all. He hoped that she could stay out of trouble until he caught up with her. (Gaiman, 1999: 193) The citation above shows that Tristran worries about the star. He thinks that she might be ill-tempered. He also worries about her broken leg. It can be seen in this below citation: Tristran shouted his agreement. They sat together, getting wetter. Tristran thought about the star and the unicorn. She would be cold by now, and wet. He worried about her broken leg, and thought about how saddle sore she must be. It was all his fault. He felt wretched. (Gaiman, 1999: 202) Well,he said, after some time, I m afraid I ve made rather a mess of everything.(Gaiman, 1999: 227) The citation above shows that Tristran worries the star s broken leg when he thinks about the star and the unicorn. He is afraid with the condition of the star and her broken leg. For further reason that Tristran is

afraid with the condition of the star is also can be seen in this following citation: Right-ho,said the man. Get ready to grab the ladder, then. Im afraid my friend has a broken leg, he called, and I ve hurt my hand. I don t think either of us can climb a ladder. (Gaiman, 1999: 239) The citation above shows that Tristran worries to the star s broken leg when the crews of Sheep Perdita ask him to get ready to grab the ladder. The last statement which shows that Tristran is an apprehensive person is can be seen in this citation below: Carefully, Tristran unwound the silver chain, unhooking it from the root, while stroking the bird s ruffled plumage with his left hand. There you go,he said to the bird. Go home. But the bird made no move to leave him. Instead it stared into his face, its head cocked on one side. Look, said Tristran, feeling rather odd and selfconscious, someone will probably be worried about you. He reached down to pick up the bird. (Gaiman, 1999: 251) The citation above shows that Tristran feels rather odd and selfconscious when he says to the bird and unwound the silver chain, unhooks it from the root, while strokes the bird s ruffled plumage with his left hand.

13. Group-dependent Group-dependent can be said as a person who cannot live without the help of other people. Group dependent also known as lack of resolution or an individual who has not ability to produce and provide everything needed. Tristran is a person who need other peopleshelp. It can be seen in this citation below:

By the time they had eaten the meal the little hairy man had brought back with him from Revelrywhich consisted of smoked trout, a bowl of fresh shelled peas, several small raisincakes, and a bottle of small beerTristran felt quite at home with his new garb. (Gaiman, 199: 131) The above citation shows that Tristran eats the meal which brought by the little hairy man. The citation indicates that Tristran is a groupdependent person. For further statement which shows that Tristran is a group-dependent person is also can be seen in this below citation: Ahoy! came a voice from far above them. Ahoy down there! Parties in need of assistance? Glinting golden in the sunlight was a small ship, its sails billowing, and a ruddy, mustachioed face looked down at them from over the side. Was that you, young feller-me-lad, a-leaping and cavorting just now? It was, said Tristran. And I think we are in need of assistance, yes. Right-ho,said the man. Get ready to grab the ladder, then. I m afraid my friend has a broken leg, he called, and Ive hurt my hand. I dont think either of us can climb a ladder. Not a problem. We can pull you up. And with that the man tumbled a long rope ladder over the side of the ship. Tristran caught at it with his good hand, and he held it steady while Yvaine pulled herself onto it, then he climbed on below her. The face vanished from the side of the ship as Tristran and Yvaine dangled awkwardly on the end of the rope ladder. The wind caught the sky-ship, causing the ladder to pull up from the cloud, and Tristran and Yvaine to spin, slowly, in the air. Now, haul! shouted several voices in unison, and Tristran felt them being hauled up several feet. Haul! Haul! Haul!Each shout signaled them being pulled higher. The cloud upon which they had been sitting was now no longer below them; instead there was a drop of what Tristran supposed must be a mile or more. He held on tightly to the rope, hooking the elbow of his burned hand about the rope ladder. Another jerk upwards and Yvaine was level with the top of the ship s railing. Someone lifted her with care and placed her upon the deck. Tristran clambered over the railing himself, and tumbled down onto the oaken deck. (Gaiman, 1999: 238-240)

The citation above shows that Tristran needs the help of Captain Johannes Alberic and the crews to goes back down from the sky. Tristran and Yvaine have helped by the captain and the crews. The crews haul up Tristran and Yvaine. Tristran clambers and tumbles down onto the oaken deck. Tristran also enjoys food and drink given by the captain. It can be seen in this below citation: Tristran did indeed get to eat at the captains table, although there was in fact no other table in the mess. In addition to the captain and Meggot there were five other members of the crew, a disparate bunch who seemed content to let Captain Alberic do all the talking, which he did, with his ale-pot in one hand, and the other hand alternately concerned with holding his stubby pipe and conveying food into his mouth. The food was a thick soup of vegetables, beans and barley, and it filled Tristran and contented him. To drink, there was the clearest, coldest water Tristran had ever tasted. (Gaiman, 1999: 241) The citation shows that Tristran is a group-dependent. He eats food at the Captain Johannes Alberic s table. Tristran also enjoys clearest and coldest drink given by the captain and the crews of Free Ship Perdita. For further statement which shows that Tristran is a group dependent is also can be seen in this below citation: On the sixth day there was a mighty storm, and they caught six fine lightning bolts in their copper box. On the seventh day they made port. Tristran and Yvaine said their good-byes to the captain and the crew of the Free Ship Perdita. Meggot gave Tristran a small pot of the green salve, for his hand and for Yvaine to rub onto her leg. The captain gave Tristran a leather shoulder-bag filled with dried meats and fruits and fragments of tobacco, a knife and a tinderbox ( Oh, it s no bother, lad. We re taking on provisions here anyway), while Meggot made Yvaine a gift of a blue silk gown, sewn with tiny silver stars and moons ( For it looks so much better on you than it ever has on me, my dear) . (Gaiman, 1999: 245-246)

The above citation shows that the crewmen of the Free Ship Perdita give Tristran everything he needs. Meggot gives Tristran a small pot of the green salve for his broken hand. The captain gives Tristran a leather shoulder-bag filled with dried meats and fruits and fragments of tobacco, a knife and a tinderbox. This statement proves that Tristran is a groupdependent person who always needs the help of others.

14. Relaxed Relax means a person who has happy and comfortable feelings because nothing is worrying. Relax also means to (cause someone to) become less active and more calm and happy, or to (cause a part of the body to) become less stiff. Hornby (2000: 1073) states that relaxed is: a) (about something) (of a person) calm and not anxious or worried; b) (of a place) calm and informal; c) (about something) not caring too much about discipline or making people follow rules. Tristran is a relaxed person. It can be seen in this citation below: He was becoming sleepy now. For a time he fought to stay awake, and then he took off his overcoat, and put down his bag a large leather bag of the kind that, in twenty years time, would become known as a Gladstone bag and he laid his head on his bag, and covered himself with his coat. (Gaiman, 1999: 95) The citation above shows that Tristran is a person who is not anxious or worried about something. He takes a rest for a while before he continues his journey. The statement that Tristran is a relax person is also can be seen in this below description:

 Please, do something. The lion will kill him, pleaded the girl, urgently. Tristran would have explained to her that all he could possibly hope for if he approached the raging beasts was to be skewered, and kicked, and clawed, and eaten; and he would further have explained that, should he somehow survive approaching them, there was still nothing that he could do, having with him not even the pail of water which had been the traditional method of breaking up animal fights in Wall. But by the time all these thoughts had gone through his head, Tristran was already standing in the center of the clearing, an arm s length from the beasts. The scent of the lion was deep, animal, terrifying, and Tristran was close enough to see the beseeching expression in the unicorn s black eyes... (Gaiman, 1999: 152) The description above shows that Tristran is not too worried about the unicorn. He relaxes Yvaine and hopes her to be more patient. He thinks before he does something. Based on this reason, it can be concluded that Tristran is a relaxed person.

D. Moral Values According to Hornby (2000: 861), moral is standards or principles of good behavior, especially in matters of sexual relationship. It can also mean a practical lesson that a story, an event or an experience teaches you. While, Kenny in Nurgiyantoro (1998:320) says that the moral of a story is something that is regarded to be conveyed by the author to the readers in literature. Basically, in the literary works such as novels, poems or dramas contains some moral values that conveyed by the author to the reader. Moral values in the literary works can be good or positive moral lesson and can be bad or negative moral lesson. After analyzing the novel intensively, the researcher finds some moral

values that the author described in his novel. As the main character of the Stardust,

Tristran Thorn has positive moral values and negative moral values.

1. Positive Moral Values Positive moral values refer to true or good attitudes that should be applied by the readers. The writer finds some positive or good moral values of Tristran Thorn as the main character that should be applied by the readers as follows:

a. Polite Polite means behaving in a way that is socially correct and shows understanding of and care for other people's feelings. According to Hornby (2000: 976), polite has been defined as having or showing good manners and respect for the feeling of others. Tristran Thorn has polite characteristic. It can be seen in this quotation below: You says that now, said his host with gloomy relish, but you ll not be sayinthat in an hour s time. They ll undoubtedly disagree with you, like the fishwife who disagreed with her young man over a mermaid. And that could be heard from Garamond to Stormhold. Such language! It fair turned my ears blue, it did. The little hairy personage sighed deeply. Talkin about your guts, he said, I m going to attend to mine behind that tree over there. Would you do me the signal honor of keepinan eye on that there pack of mine? I d be obliged. Of course,said Tristran, politely. (Gaiman, 1999: 99-100) The quotation above shows that Tristran politely says to the little hairy man. The reason that Tristran is a polite person is also can be seen in this below citation:

He coughed, politely. A score of tiny eyes stared down at him. Several of the little creatures vanished. Others retreated high into the hawthorn bush, while a handful, braver than the others, flitted toward him. (Gaiman, 1999: 127) The above citation shows that Tristran politely coughs because he admires the little hairy man. Another last reason that Tristran is a polite person is can be seen in this citation below: Tristran Thorn approached the gap in the wall, from the Faerie side, for the second time since his conception eighteen years before, with the star limping beside him. His head was in a whirl from the scents and the sounds of his native village, and his heart rose within him. He nodded politely to the guards on the gap as he approached, recognizing them both. The young man shifting idly from foot to foot, sipping a pint of what Tristran supposed to be Mr. Bromios s best ale, was Wystan Pippin, who had once been Tristran s schoolfellow, although never his friend; while the older man, sucking irritably upon a pipe, which appeared to have gone out, was none other than Tristran s former employer at Monday and Brown s, Jerome Ambrose Brown, Esquire. The men had their backs to Tristran and Yvaine, and were resolutely facing the village as if they thought it sinful to observe the preparations occurring in the meadow behind them. Good evening, said Tristran, politely, Wystan. Mister Brown. (Gaiman, 1999: 283-284) The citation above shows that Tristran politely nods to the guards Mr. Wystan and Mr. Brown. He recognizes or admires both of the guards. Tristran also politely greets both of them.

b. Careful Careful means giving a lot of attention to what we are doing so that we do not have an accident, make a mistake, or damage

something. Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 177) explains that careful is giving attention or thought to what you are doing so that you avoid hurting yourself, damaging something or doing something wrong. Tristran is a careful person. He is often doing something carefully. It can be seen from this below description: Tristran blinked, and reached into the tin bowl and took out a large mushroom between finger and thumb. It was hot. He took a careful bite, felt the juices flood his mouth. It was the finest thing he had ever eaten and, after he had chewed and swallowed it, he said so. (Gaiman, 1999: 97-98) Based on the quotation above, the sentence He took careful bite,.. shows that Tristran is a careful person. Tristran bites the mushrumps and feels the juices given by the small figure or the little hairy man. Tristran is aware of spider walking across his face. He raises a hand and brushes the spider carefully from his cheek. It can be seen from this statement: And the moon was talking to him: Please, whispered the moon, in a voice that reminded him a little of his mother s, protect her. Protect my child. They mean her harm. I have done all I can. And the moon would have told him more, and perhaps she did, but the moon became the glimmer of moonlight on water far below him, and then he became aware of a small spider walking across his face, and of a crick in his neck, and he raised a hand and brushed the spider carefully from his cheek, and the morning sun was in his eyes And the world was gold and green. (Gaiman, 1999: 183-184) The quotation above indicates that Tristran is often taking care of himself. Tristran removes a large stone in the stallion s front inside hoof carefully. It can be seen from this statement:

There was a large stone in the stallion s front inside hoof, and Tristran removed it with care. (Gaiman, 1999: 213) The citation above shows that Tristran removes the large stone carefully. Tristran is also often thinking to what he wants to do. He thinks and carefully peels the leaf away from the wax. The reason that Tristran is carefully peeling the leaf away from the wax is can be seen in the below citation: Tristran ran to the stable door, then he stopped, and thought. He fumbled in his tunic pocket, finding the lump of wax, which was all that remained of his candle, with a dried copper leaf sticking to it. He peeled the leaf away from the wax with care. Then he raised the leaf to his ear, and listened to what it told him. (Gaiman, 1999: 214) The citation above shows that Tristran is always doing something carefully. Tristran also carefully unwinds the silver chain attached to the bird s foot. For more reason that Tristran is carefully unwinding the silver chain is can be seen through below citation: Carefully, Tristran unwound the silver chain, unhooking it from the root, while stroking the birds ruffled plumage with his left hand. There you go,he said to the bird. Go home. . (Gaiman, 1999: 251) The all above quotations distinctly proves that Tristran is a careful person. He gives a lot of attention to what he does to decrease accident and mistake that might happen to him or to limit damaging something. The citations above prove that Tristran is a person who always gives attention and always doing something carefully.

c. Kind-hearted A kind-hearted person is one who likes other people a lot and always wants to help them; he is generous, helpful and thinking about other people's feelings. Kind-hearted is kind and generous (Hornby, 2000: 709). Tristran is a kind-hearted person; he likes to offer somebody to visit his house and give someone pleasure. It can be seen in this quotation: Truth to tell,said Tristran, I hope to spend the rest of my life as a sheep farmer in the village of Wall, for I have now had as much excitement as any man could rightly need, what with candles and trees and the young lady and the unicorn. But I take the invitation in the spirit in which it was given, and thank you for it. If ever you visit Wall then you must come to my house, and I shall give you woolen clothes and sheepcheese, and all the mutton stew you can eat. You are far too kind, said the driver. The path was easier now, made of crushed gravel and graded rocks, and he cracked his whip to urge the four black stallions on faster. You saw a unicorn, you say? . (Gaiman, 1999: 198-199) The citation above shows that Tristran kindly offers his new companion, Septimus, to come to his house if he visiting the village of Wall. He also offers some foods to be eaten by Septimus.

2. Negative Moral Values Negative moral values refer to wrong or bad attitudes that should not be applied by the readers. The writer finds some negative or bad moral values of Tristran Thorn as the main character that must not be applied by the readers as follows:

a. Impolite Impolite can be meant rude or behaving in a way that is socially incorrect and shows misunderstanding of and careless of other people s feelings. While, Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 650) says that impolite is means not polite; rude. Tristran Thorn has impolite characteristic: Tristran blinked sleepily, and then he yawned. He ran a hand through his unruly brown hair and looked down at the witch with fierce anger in his eyes. Why, you evil old crone he began. Hush your silly mouth, said Madame Semele, sharply. I got you here, safely and soundly, and in the same condition I found you. I gave you board and I gave you lodging and if neither of them were to your liking or expectation, well, what is it to me? Now, be off with you, before I change you into a wiggling worm and bite off your head, if it is not your tail. Go! Shoo! Shoo! Tristran counted to ten, and then, ungraciously, walked away. He stopped a dozen yards away beside a copse, and waited for the star, who limped down the side of the caravan steps, and came over to him. (Gaiman, 1999: 277-278) The citation above shows that Tristran is impolite person. He says impolite thing to Madame Semele. It shown in citation line 3 when he says Why, you evil old crone . He also impolitely walks away leaves Madame Semele without saying goodbye.

b. Careless Careless means not taking or showing enough care and attention. Literary relaxed, natural and free from worry. Hornby in

Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 1777) says that careless

means 1) not giving enough attention and thought to what you are doing, so that you make mistakes; 2) resulting from a lack of attention and thought; 3) ~ of something (formal) not at all worried about something; 4) not showing interest to effort (casual). Tristran is a careless person. It can be seen in this quotation below: Tristran hurried into the parlor, and informed Mr. Brown that he would be off now. And Mr.Brown grunted in a not entirely ill-natured way, and told Tristran that when he was younger he d not only had to stay late each night and shut up the shop, but that he had also had to sleep on the floor beneath the counter with only his coat for a pillow. (Gaiman, 1999: 58) The citation above shows that Tristran leaves his work at Monday and Brown s shop as a clerk. Because his action above, he can be fired and stopped by the owner of the shop as a clerk at the shop. Another statement which shows that Tristan is careless is also can be seen in this citation below: They were underground, and the candlelight flickered from the wet cave walls; and with their next halting step they were in a desert of white sand, in the moonlight; and with their third step they were high above the earth, looking down on the hills and trees and rivers far below them. And it was then that the last of the wax ran molten over Tristrans hand, and the burning became impossible for him to bear, and the last of the flame burned out forever. (Gaiman, 1999: 221) The citation above shows that because his careless, the last wax melts over and burns his hand. Another last statement which shows that Tristan is a careless person is can be seen in this quotation below: If my hand had not been burned, you would probably be dead now,he pointed out. She had the grace to look down, ashamed.

You know, he added, changing the subject, I left my bag in that madwomans inn. We have nothing now, save the clothes we stand up in. Sit down in, corrected the star. Theres no food, no water, were half a mile or so above the world with no way of getting down, and no control over where the cloud is going. And both of us are injured. Did I leave anything out? You forgot the bit about clouds dissipating and vanishing into nothing, said Yvaine. They do that. I ve seen them. I could not survive another fall.(Gaiman, 1999: 230) The quotation above shows that he leaves his bag in the old woman s inn which contains some goods that he needs. The quotation above shows that Tristran is a person who is not giving enough attention and thought to what he is doing.

c. Hard-hearted Hard-hearted means not kind or sympathetic person. Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary (2000: 588) says that hardhearted means giving no importance to the feelings or problems of other people. Tristran is also has characteristic as a hard-hearted person. It can be seen in this below citation: Tristran Thorn ran all the way home. Brambles snagged at his clothes as he ran and a branch knocked his hat from his head. He stumbled, breathless and torn, into the kitchen of the house on Westward Meadows. Look at the state of you! said his mother. Indeed! I never did! Tristran merely smiled at her. Tristran? asked his father, who at five and thirty was still middling tall and still freckled, although there were more than a few silvering hairs in his nut-brown curls. Your mother spoke to you. Did you not hear her?

I beg your pardon, Father, Mother, said Tristran, but I shall be leaving the village tonight. I may be gone for some time. Foolishness and silliness! said Daisy Thorn. I never heard such nonsense. But Dunstan Thorn saw the look in his son s eyes. Let me talk to him,he said to his wife. She looked at him sharply, then she nodded. Very well, she said. But who s going to sew up the boy s coat? That s what I would like to know. She bustled out of the kitchen. The kitchen fire fizzed in silver and glimmered green and violet. Where are you going?asked Dunstan. East,said his son. (Gaiman, 1999: 66-67) The citation above shows that Tristran does and says something unkind to his parents. He runs to the kitchen carelessly and makes his mother, Daisy Thorn anger. He precisely smiles at his mother when his mother is angry to him. It makes his mother peevish and annoyed. Because his unkind action and words, his mother is annoyed and says unkind words to him.

CHAPTERV CONCLUSIONANDSUGGESTION In this chapter, the researcher presents conclusion and suggestion based on the research finding and discussion in the previous chapter. The researcher draws conclusionandsuggestionasfollows: A. Conclusion Based on the research finding and discussion in the chapter four, the researchermakesconclusionasfollows: 1. CharacterizationsofTristranThorn TristranThornisthemaincharacterinthenovelStardust.Ascommonlyof the main character, Tristran is categorized as the protagonist character. The characterizations of Tristran Thorn are caring, helpful, thoughtful, responsible, loving,romantic,andcurious. 2. PersonalityofTristranThorn The personality of Tristran Thorn as the main character in the novel Stardust which written by Neil Gaiman are outgoing, dominant, serious, conscientious, timid, venturesome, sensitive, trusting, suspicious, forthright, self assured,apprehensive,groupdependent,andrelaxed.

 3. Moralvalues TherearetwokindsofmoralvaluesthatcanbetakenfromTristranThorn asthemaincharacterinthenovelStardustwhichwrittenbyNeilGaiman;namely positive or good moral values and negative or bad moral values. Positive moral values are classified as follows: polite, careful, and kindhearted. While Negative moralvaluesareclassifiedasfollows:impolite,careless,andhardhearted. B. Suggestion Based on the result of the analysis of the novel Stardust which written by Neil Gaiman;theresearcherhassomesuggestiontothereaders.Theyareasfollows: 1. FortheReaders Theresearchersuggeststhereadersthatbesideforenjoyment,byreading andstudyingprimarilynovelscangetanoptimaladvantagefromwhatbeingread and studied. Reading a novel is a pleasant and enjoyable activity. By reading novelsor studying literarywork,wecanget someknowledge, suchas the wayof life,cultureandmoralteaching(values)oftheliteraryworksweread.Inaddition, byreadingsomeEnglishliteraryworks;italsocanenrichandimprovetheEnglish abilityofthereaders.

2. FortheOtherResearchers The researcher also suggests the other researchers that analyzing literary worksisanenjoyableactivitywhichhassomebenefits.Theotherresearcherscan discuss and analysis this novel using other approaches or studies. The other researchers also can discuss and analysis other literary works by using psychologicalapproach.

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Electronic Sources: Johnson, M. C. 2009. Review on Stardust by Neil Gaiman. The Making of A Student. Google. (http://ceruleanmind.blogspot.com/2009_10_01_archive.html) Retrieved on June 11st 2012, at 18:32. http://www.neilgaiman.com/p/About_Neil/Biography. Retrieved on June 11st 2012, at 18:40.