15.110.

Usando el software EES escriba un programa general para determinar la temperatura de flama adiabtica durante la ignicin completa de un combustible hidrocarburo CnHm a 25 c en una cmara de combustin de flujo estable cuando estn especificados el porcentaje de exceso de aire y su temperatura. Como un ejemplo muestra, determine la temperatura de flama adiabtica de propano lquido (C 3HG) conforme se quema de manera estable con 50 por ciento de exceso de aire a 25c. Adiabatic Combustion of fuel CnHm entering at T_fuel with Stoichiometric Air at T_air: Reaction: CxHyOz + (y/4 + x-z/2) (Theo_air/100) (O2 + 3.76 N2) <--> xCO2 + (y/2) H2O + 3.76 (y/4 + x-z/2) (Theo_air/100) N2 + (y/4 + x-z/2) (Theo_air/100 - 1) O2" "For theoretical oxygen, the complete combustion equation for CH3OH is" "CH3OH + A_th O2=1 CO2+2 H2O " "1+ 2*A_th=1*2+2*1""theoretical O balance" "Adiabatic, Incomplete Combustion of fuel CnHm entering at T_fuel with Stoichiometric Air at T_air:

Reaction: CxHyOz + (y/4 + x-z/2) (Theo_air/100) (O2 + 3.76 N2) <--> (x-w)CO2 +wCO + (y/2) H2O + 3.76 (y/4 + x-z/2) (Theo_air/100) N2 + ((y/4 + xz/2) (Theo_air/100 - 1) +w/2)O2" "T_prod is the adiabatic combustion temperature, assuming no dissociation. Theo_air is the % theoretical air. " "The initial guess value of T_prod = 450K ."

Procedure Fuel(Fuel$,T_fuel:x,y,z,h_fuel,Name$) "This procedure takes the fuel name and returns the moles of C and moles of H" If fuel$='C2H2(g)' then x=2;y=2; z=0 Name$='acetylene' h_fuel = 226730

else If fuel$='C3H8(l)' then x=3; y=8; z=0 Name$='propane(liq)' h_fuel = -103850-15060 else If fuel$='C8H18(l)' then x=8; y=18; z=0 Name$='octane(liq)' h_fuel = -249950 else if fuel$='CH4(g)' then x=1; y=4; z=0 Name$='methane' h_fuel = enthalpy(CH4,T=T_fuel) else if fuel$='CH3OH(g)' then x=1; y=4; z=1 Name$='methyl alcohol' h_fuel = -200670 endif; endif; endif; endif; endif end Procedure Moles(x,y,z,Th_air,A_th:w,MolO2,SolMeth$) ErrTh =(2*x + y/2 - z - x)/(2*A_th)*100 IF Th_air >= 1 then SolMeth$ = '>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' {MolCO = 0 MolCO2 = x} w=0 MolO2 = A_th*(Th_air - 1) GOTO 10

ELSE w = 2*x + y/2 - z - 2*A_th*Th_air IF w > x then Call ERROR('The moles of CO2 are negative, the percent theoretical air must be >= xxxF3 %',ErrTh) Else SolMeth$ = '< 100%, the solution assumes incomplete combustion with no O_2 in products.' MolO2 = 0 endif; endif 10: END

{"Input data from the diagram window" T_air = 298 [K] Theo_air = 200 [%] Fuel$='CH4(g)'} T_fuel = 298 [K]

Call Fuel(Fuel$,T_fuel:x,y,z,h_fuel,Name$) A_th =x + y/4 - z/2 Th_air = Theo_air/100 Call Moles(x,y,z,Th_air,A_th:w,MolO2,SolMeth$) HR=h_fuel+ (x+y/4-z/2) *(Theo_air/100) *enthalpy(O2,T=T_air)+3.76*(x+y/4-z/2) *(Theo_air/100) *enthalpy(N2,T=T_air) HP=HR "Adiabatic" HP=(xw)*enthalpy(CO2,T=T_prod)+w*enthalpy(CO,T=T_prod)+(y/2)*enthalpy(H2O,T=T_prod )+3.76*(x +y/4-z/2)* (Theo_air/100)*enthalpy(N2,T=T_prod)+MolO2*enthalpy(O2,T=T_prod)

Moles_O2=MolO2 Moles_N2=3.76*(x+y/4-z/2)* (Theo_air/100) Moles_CO2=x-w Moles_CO=w Moles_H2O=y/2

SOLUTION for the sample calculation A_th=5 HR=-119067 [kJ/kg] Moles_CO2=3.000 Moles_O2=2.500 fuel$='C3H8(l)' h_fuel=-118910 Moles_H2O=4 MolO2=2.5 HP=-119067 [kJ/kg] Moles_CO=0.000 Moles_N2=28.200 Name$='propane(liq)'

SolMeth$='>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' Theo_air=150 [%] T_fuel=298 [K] x=3 Th_air=1.500 T_prod=1820 [K] y=8 T_air=298 [K] w=0 z=0

15.117. Usando el software EES determine el combustible entre CH4(g), C2H2(g), C2H6(g), C3Hg(g), C8H18 que proporciona la temperatura ms elevada cuando se quema completamente en una cmara adiabtica de volumen constante con la cantidad terica de aire. Suponga que los reactivos estn en el estado de referencia estndar. Adiabatic Combustion of fuel CnHm with Stoichiometric Air at T_fuel =T_air=T_reac in a constant volume, closed system: Reaction: CxHyOz + (x+y/4-z/2) (Theo_air/100) (O2 + 3.76 N2) --> xCO2 + (y/2) H2O + 3.76 (x+y/4-z/2) (Theo_air/100) N2 + (x+y/4-z/2) (Theo_air/100 - 1) O2" "For theoretical oxygen, the complete combustion equation for CH3OH is" "CH3OH + A_th O2=1 CO2+2 H2O " "1+ 2*A_th=1*2+2*1""theoretical O balance" "Adiabatic, Incomplete Combustion of fuel CnHm with Stoichiometric Air at T_fuel =T_air=T_reac

in a constant volume, closed system: Reaction: CxHyOz + (x+y/4-z/2) (Theo_air/100) (O2 + 3.76 N2) --> (x-w)CO2 +wCO + (y/2) H2O + 3.76 (x+y/4-z/2) (Theo_air/100) N2 + ((x+y/4-z/2) (Theo_air/100 - 1) +w/2)O2" "T_prod is the adiabatic combustion temperature, assuming no dissociation. Theo_air is the % theoretical air. " "The initial guess value of T_prod = 450K ." Procedure Fuel(Fuel$,T_fuel:x,y,z,h_fuel,Name$) "This procedure takes the fuel name and returns the moles of C and moles of H" If fuel$='C2H2(g)' then x=2;y=2; z=0 Name$='acetylene' h_fuel = 226730"Table A.26" else If fuel$='C3H8(g)' then x=3; y=8; z=0 Name$='propane' h_fuel = enthalpy(C3H8,T=T_fuel) else If fuel$='C8H18(l)' then x=8; y=18; z=0 Name$='octane' h_fuel = -249950"Table A.26" else if fuel$='CH4(g)' then x=1; y=4; z=0 Name$='methane' h_fuel = enthalpy(CH4,T=T_fuel) else if fuel$='CH3OH(g)' then x=1; y=4; z=1

Name$='methyl alcohol' h_fuel = -200670"Table A.26" endif; endif; endif; endif; endif end

Procedure Moles(x,y,z,Th_air,A_th:w,MolO2,SolMeth$) ErrTh =(2*x + y/2 - z - x)/(2*A_th)*100 IF Th_air >= 1 then SolMeth$ = '>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' w=0 MolO2 = A_th*(Th_air - 1) GOTO 10 ELSE w = 2*x + y/2 - z - 2*A_th*Th_air IF w > x then Call ERROR('The moles of CO2 are negative, the percent theoretical air must be >= xxxF3 %',ErrTh) Else SolMeth$ = '< 100%, the solution assumes incomplete combustion with no O_2 in products.' MolO2 = 0 endif; endif 10: END

{"Input data from the diagram window" Theo_air = 200 [%] Fuel$='CH4(g)'}

T_reac = 298 [K] T_air = T_reac

T_fuel = T_reac R_u = 8.314 [kJ/kmol-K] Call Fuel(Fuel$,T_fuel:x,y,z,h_fuel,Name$) A_th =x + y/4 - z/2 Th_air = Theo_air/100 Call Moles(x,y,z,Th_air,A_th:w,MolO2,SolMeth$) UR=(h_fuel-R_u*T_fuel)+ (x+y/4-z/2) *(Theo_air/100) *(enthalpy(O2,T=T_air)R_u*T_air)+3.76*(x+y/4-z/2) *(Theo_air/100) *(enthalpy(N2,T=T_air)-R_u*T_air) UP=(x-w)*(enthalpy(CO2,T=T_prod)-R_u*T_prod)+w*(enthalpy(CO,T=T_prod)R_u*T_prod)+(y/2)*(enthalpy(H2O,T=T_prod)-R_u*T_prod)+3.76*(x+y/4-z/2)* (Theo_air/100)*(enthalpy(N2,T=T_prod)-R_u*T_prod)+MolO2*(enthalpy(O2,T=T_prod)R_u*T_prod)

UR =UP "Adiabatic, constant volume conservation of energy"

Moles_O2=MolO2 Moles_N2=3.76*(x+y/4-z/2)* (Theo_air/100) Moles_CO2=x-w Moles_CO=w Moles_H2O=y/2 SOLUTION for CH4 A_th=2 Moles_CO=0.000 Moles_H2O=2 Moles_N2=7.520 Name$='methane' Moles_O2=0.000 R_u=8.314 [kJ/kmol-K] MolO2=0 fuel$='CH4(g)' Moles_CO2=1.000 h_fuel=-74875

SolMeth$='>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' Theo_air=100 [%] T_fuel=298 [K] UP=-100981 Th_air=1.000 T_prod=2824 [K] UR=-100981 T_air=298 [K] T_reac=298 [K] w=0

x=1

y=4

z=0

SOLUTION for C2H2 A_th=2.5 Moles_CO=0.000 Moles_N2=9.400 fuel$='C2H2(g)' Moles_CO2=2.000 Moles_O2=0.000 h_fuel=226730 Moles_H2O=1 MolO2=0

Name$='acetylene' R_u=8.314 [kJ/kmol-K] SolMeth$='>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' Theo_air=100 [%] T_fuel=298 [K] UP=194717 x=2 Th_air=1.000 T_prod=3535 [K] UR=194717 y=2 T_air=298 [K] T_reac=298 [K] w=0 z=0

SOLUTION for CH3OH A_th=1.5 Moles_CO=0.000 Moles_N2=5.640 Name$='methyl alcohol' fuel$='CH3OH(g)' Moles_CO2=1.000 Moles_O2=0.000 R_u=8.314 [kJ/kmol-K] h_fuel=-200670 Moles_H2O=2 MolO2=0

SolMeth$='>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' Theo_air=100 [%] T_fuel=298 [K] UP=-220869 x=1 Th_air=1.000 T_prod=2817 [K] UR=-220869 y=4 T_air=298 [K] T_reac=298 [K] w=0 z=1

SOLUTION for C3H8 A_th=5 Moles_CO=0.000 Moles_N2=18.800 fuel$='C3H8(g)' Moles_CO2=3.000 Moles_O2=0.000 h_fuel=-103858 Moles_H2O=4 MolO2=0

Name$='propane' R_u=8.314 [kJ/kmol-K] SolMeth$='>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' Theo_air=100 [%] Th_air=1.000 T_air=298 [K]

T_fuel=298 [K] UP=-165406 x=3

T_prod=2909 [K] UR=-165406 y=8

T_reac=298 [K] w=0 z=0

SOLUTION for C8H18 A_th=12.5 Moles_CO=0.000 Moles_N2=47.000 fuel$='C8H18(l)' Moles_CO2=8.000 Moles_O2=0.000 h_fuel=-249950 Moles_H2O=9 MolO2=0

Name$='octane' R_u=8.314 [kJ/kmol-K] SolMeth$='>= 100%, the solution assumes complete combustion.' Theo_air=100 [%] T_fuel=298 [K] UP=-400104 x=8 Th_air=1.000 T_prod=2911 [K] UR=-400104 y=18 T_air=298 [K] T_reac=298 [K] w=0 z=0