Do the things in bold.

Consider the set of equations: x + y + z=6 2x + 3y + 4z = 20 3x - 4y + 2z = 1

Matrices As Functions Under Multiplication

Verify that they have, as their only solution, (1,2,3) Now note that in a sense what we are asking when we solve the matrix is what (x,y,z) works such that

Note that plugging (1,2,3) in for (x,y,z) solves this. Now, consider the following function

1 1 1 x 6 2 3 4 y = 20 3 4 2 1 z

x+ y+z 6 2 x + 3 y + 4 z = 20 Or 3 x 4 y + 2 z 1

f(x,y,z) = ( x+y+z, 2x+3y+4z, 3x-4y+2z)

Note the comparison between the function and the matrix. The first position is the matrix top row, the second position is the second row, etc. Note that plugging (1,2,3) into this function gives the result (6,20,1) Thus a matrix, under multiplication, is really nothing more than a function that we are plugging values into. We can, therefore, consider function type of analysis to a matrix. We can consider things like one-to-oneness, onto, from what space to what space (ie domain and range), inverses, etc. In this case we are mapping from an R3 to R3 and in essence, the question the matrix and set of equations is asking is Under the function f above, what values map to (6,20,1)? What might you consider about the concepts of one-to-one, onto, domain, and range, and inverse? Now consider a new function and corresponding matrix. x + y + z=6 2x + 3y + 4z = 20 3x + 4y + 5z = 10 Verify it has no solution. This tells you that for the function. g(x,y,z) = ( x+y+z, 2x+3y+4z, 3x+4y+5z) that will map to (6,20,10). that there is nothing in the first space

What might you consider about the concepts of one-to-one, onto, domain, and range, and inverse? Consider one more. x + y + z=6 2x + 3y + 4z = 20 3x + 4y + 5z = 26 Verify that this has no solution. This tells you that for the function h(x,y,z) = ( x+y+z, 2x+3y+4z, 3x+4y+5z) space that will map to (6,20,26). that there are infinite things in the first

What might you consider about the concepts of one-to-one, onto, domain, and range, and inverse? Assignment: Go back to the problems in 1.2 odds 15-35 and write them as equations like f, g, and h above and as matrix multiplication as in the first example above. Show that plugging the answers you got, when you did these problems originally, into the function, or into the multiplication solves it. Make sure you can explain when the functions are 1-to-1, onto, both, or neither.