1. Name of Biome: African Savanna Biome 2. Location of biomes: a. Latitudes: - The latitude of Savanna is 10 to 30 N or S. b.

Countries/States: - Eastern African, South America, Colombia, Brazil, Venezuela, Northern Australia 3. Precipitation Amounts: - The Annual precipitation of Savanna biomes is around 59 inch. 4. Types of precipitation - The types of precipitation are the wet and dry season. 5. Temperature a. Annual - The average of temperature is about 78 degrees. In dry season the average amount is 93 degrees and in rainy season the more comfortable is 61 degrees. - The savanna climate has fascinated many scientists and students by the way it changes and by the secrets it holds. The savanna has a Monsoonal wet season (summer) with some twenty-five inches of rain per month from the beginning of May and ending in November, and a dry season (winter) between October and March (in the Southern Hemisphere) and April to September (in the Northern Hemisphere) when there is only four inches of rain 6. What is the soil looks like: - The savanna has rich volcanic soil which provides the plants with nutrition and the plants in turn provide the animals with food and shelter. Thats where we come to the food chain. 7. 10 examples of animals: Grants Zebra Lion Vulture Giraffe Leopards Crocodile Hippopotamus Termite Cheetah Snake 8. For each animals example determine whether the organisms is a scavenger, predator ,or decomposer Grants Zebra Lion predator Vulture - Scavenger Giraffe scavenger Leopards predator Crocodile predator Hippopotamus Termite scavenger

Cheetah - predator Snake predator

9. 10 example of plants - Bermuda grass - Elephant grass - Jackalberry tree - Jarrah tree - Kangaroo paw - Manketti Tree - River bushwillow - Baobab - Umbrella thorn acacia - Acacia Senegal 10. For each plant, determine what might eat the plant. Give an example 11. Major issues in this area: - The major issues in this area are Pollution is one of the main threats to Africas savannas. The air can be polluted by smoke and exhaust fumes. If the air does get polluted animals will find it increasingly hard to breath and since they cant move out of the country they will eventually die out. Carbon dioxide (CO2) increases the heat of the biome, if too much carbon dioxide gets into the air the animals that have adapted to the plains may have to adapt again to fit into an almost desert-like biome. Seasons may have something to do with the savannas fate. 12. Are the plants and animals specialized to live there? If so, how ? - They specialized to live there because in plants they highly specialized to grow in this environment of long periods of drought. They have long tap roots that can reach the deep water table, thick bark to resist annual fires, trunks that can store water, and leaves that drop of during the winter to conserve water. The grasses have adaptations that discourage animals from grazing on them; some grasses are too sharp or bitter tasting for some animals, but not others, to eat. And for the animals they specialized to live there because the savannas have long legs or wings to be able to go on long migrations. Many burrow underground to avoid the heat or raise their young. The savanna is a perfect place for birds of prey like hawks and buzzards. The wide, open plain provides them with a clear view of their prey, hot air updrafts keep them soaring, and there is the occasional tree to rest on or nest in. Animals don't sweat to lose body heat, so they lose it through panting or through large areas of exposed skin, or ears, like those of the elephant. 13. 3 interesting facts: - The savanna harbors the largest mammal, herbivore biodiversity on the planet. - Something that is very interesting in the savanna biomes is that the soil types are very diverse. 14. List the Websites you used to find your information - www.blueplanetbiomes.org - www. bioexpetion.com - rrms.biomes.tripod - www.planetpatrol.info

A. Location of Fresh Water 1. Lake 2. Rivers 3. Streams 4. Wetlands 5. Ocean 6. Pond 7.

Aquatic Biomes Fresh Water

B. Standing water: Fed with mineral and nutrient-poor content water 1. Description of water - Natural or man-made, that is usually smaller than a lake. They may arise naturally in floodplains as part of a river system, or they may be somewhat isolated depressions 2. Oxygen content - 5 degrees C around 12 or 13 milligrams of oxygen in each litre of water 3. Description of algae growth - Algae, excessive aquatic plants, cloudy or murky water, odors and even lethargic fish are all problems that pond owners face, Algae growth is usually caused when the sun reacts to excess nutrients in the water. Those excess nutrients are a result of overstocking the pond with fish and/or overfeeding the fish 4. Animal life - Animals live in the water (fish, crayfish, tadpoles, etc.), some live above the water (ducks, insects, etc.), and others live in the area surrounding the pond (raccoons, earthworms, etc.). C. Standing water: Fed with large quantities of sediments and high concentration nutrients. 1. Description of water A river simply flows into the ground or dries up completely before reaching another body of water. 2. Oxygen content The lower oxygen levels, fish that require less oxygen, such as catfish and carp, can be found. 3. Description of algae growth 4. Animal life -

AQUACTIC BIOMES Marine

1. Name of biome: - Ocean 2. Location - The climate of the ocean doesn't vary much throughout the seasonal changes. It does not changed because water does not heat up or cool down quickly. Then ocean

carries warm and cool currents that heat or cool the land it goes by. Climate is not really a factor of the ocean, however, the location of the water is. The water near the poles is very cold and often frozen over which forms glaciers, while the water near the equator is warm and tropical. 3. Plant life - Plant life in the ocean is very important to the survival of all parties involved. Plants are the basis of the food chain for almost all animals, mainly excluding those found in the deeper regions of the waters where there is very little to no sun light available to plants (although it could be argued that the only way the bacteria could survive to chemosynthesis is by "breathing" the oxygen supplied by plants further up in the ocean)and There are bacteria that can live as deep as 1500m to 3200m near deep sea hot vents. These bacteria use a compound called hydrogen sulfide, instead of sunlight, to make their food. And there are many plants that live and thrive in the ocean. They include seaweed, rockweed, sargassum, and sea grass. Plants in the sea serve as places of shelter for tiny fish. Their long weed-like tentacles make perfect hiding places when trying to escape predators. 4. Animal life - The main kinds of animals in the sea are whales, dolphins, sharks, and seals which are some of the most popular kinds of sea mammals. Other kinds of animals and fish that live in the sea are the walrus, star fish, eel, crabs, jelly fish, and fresh and salt water fish, but this is just a small list compared to the many different kinds of fish that inhabit the marine biome. In general these fish have about five different adaptations. These adaptations include sleek bodies to cut down on friction when swimming through the water, gills to allow them to breath underwater, eyes on the sides of their heads so they can see enemies coming, fins to help them swim faster, and they have color coded skin to help them hide from their enemies. 5. Important characteristics - The largest of all the ecosystems, oceans are very large bodies of water that dominate the Earths surface. Like ponds and lakes, the ocean regions are separated into separate zones: intertidal, pelagic, abyssal, and benthic. All four zones have a great diversity of species. Some say that the ocean contains the richest diversity of species even though it contains fewer species than there are on land. 1. Name of biome: - Coral reefs 2. Location - Coral reefs flourish in shallow areas (less than 120ft, or 37m) in tropical latitudes, or where warm ocean currents flow into more temperate areas. In deeper waters, not enough light penetrates the depths 3. Plant life - Coral reefs are living ecosystems with an abundance of marine animal and fish species. Plants such as turtle grass, algae and mangroves are an important element vital to the survival of the world's coral reefs. Plants are the beginning of the food chain and especially so in coral reefs, but while other marine species rely on the plants as a food source, the plants themselves rely on those same organisms for growth. It is indicative of the "circle of life" in the ocean.

4. Animal life - Coral reefs are living ecosystems with an abundance of marine animal and fish species. Plants such as turtle grass, algae and mangroves are an important element vital to the survival of the world's coral reefs. Plants are the beginning of the food chain and especially so in coral reefs, but while other marine species rely on the plants as a food source, the plants themselves rely on those same organisms for growth. It is indicative 5. Important characteristics - Coral reefs are widely distributed in warm shallow waters. They can be found as barriers along continents (e.g., the Great Barrier Reef off Australia), since reef waters tend to be nutritionally poor, corals obtain nutrients through the algae via photosynthesis and also by extending tentacles to obtain plankton from the water. 1. Name of biome: - Estuaries 2. Location - Estuaries and the lands surrounding them are places of transition from land to sea, and from fresh to salt water. Although influenced by the tides, estuaries are protected from the full force of ocean waves, winds, and storms by the reefs, barrier islands, or fingers of land, mud, or sand that define an estuary's seaward boundary. 3. Plant life - Mangrove trees and blue crabs are some of the estuarine species that have adapted to unique environmental conditions. In almost all estuaries the salinity of the water changes constantly over the tidal cycle. To survive in these conditions, plants and animals living in estuaries must be able to respond quickly to drastic changes in salinity. 4. Animal life - In estuaries we find many fish nurseries - fish such as salmon and sea trout, striped bass, flounder and eels; and migratory birds, such as the black-tailed godwit and the Canada Goose that use estuaries during migration. There are abundant bird populations living in estuaries. Because of the lush plants and plenitude of fish and other animals, there is much for them to eat. Birds such as sandpipers, great blue herons, great egrets and green herons commonly live in estuaries due to their long legs for wading and long toes that allow them to walk in mud easily. They have bills that are adapted for catching fish, worms, crabs and the invertebrates that thrive in estuaries. 5. Important characteristics - Estuaries are areas where freshwater streams or rivers merge with the ocean. This mixing of waters with such different salt concentrations creates a very interesting and unique ecosystem. Microflora like algae, and macroflora, such as seaweeds, marsh grasses, and mangrove trees (only in the tropics), can be found here. Estuaries support a diverse fauna, including a variety of worms, oysters, crabs, and waterfowl.

Food Chain in terrestrial biomes

1.

Elephant grass Grants Zebra LionVultureBacteria 2.

Umbrella Thorn acaia giraffeleopardsvulturefungi

3.

>

Acaia senegal Termite antelope Cheetahsnakebacteria 4.

Grasshippopotamus crocodilesnakefungi

Food Chain in Aquatic biome 1.

PhytoplanktonZooplanktonBarncleshawkfishscorpionfishmoray eelbascillus cereus

2.

PhytoplanktonZooplankton Anchovy milkfishhuman 3.

PhytoplanktonZooplankton perch heron bacteria

4.

PhytoplanktonZooplankton anchovy human 5.

PhytoplanktonZooplankton milkfish human