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Core Mathematics C2

Candidates sitting C2 may also require those formulae listed under Core Mathematics C1.
Cosine rule
a
2
= b
2
+ c
2
2bc cos A
Binomial series
2 1
) (
2 2 1 n r r n n n n n
a b = + b b a
r
n
b a
n
b a
n
a + +
|
|

\
|
+ +
|
|

\
|
+
|
|

\
|
+

(n e )
)! ( !
!
C
r n r
n
r
n
r
n

= =
|
|

\
|
where
e < +

+
+ +

+ + = +
n n
nx x
n
2 1
) 1 (
1 ) 1 ( n x x
r
r n n n
x
r
, 1 (
2 1
) 1 ( ) 1 (
2

)
Logarithms and exponentials
a
x
x
b
a
log
log =
b
log
eometric series
u
n
= ar
1
S
n
=
G
n
r
r a
n

1
) 1 (
S

=
r 1
for r < 1
a
| |
Numerical integration
The trapezium rule: ~
(
]
(
b
a
x y d
2
1
h{(y
0
+ y
n
) + 2(y
1
+ y
2
+ ... + y
n 1
)}, where
n
a b
h

=
UA015572 Edexcel AS/A level Mathematics Formulae List: Core Mathematics C2 Issue 1 November 2004 5
Core Mathematics C3
Candidates sitting C3 may also require those formulae listed under Core Mathematics C1 and
C2.
Logarithms and exponentials
x a x
a =
ln
e
Trigonometric identities
B A B A B A sin cos cos sin ) ( sin =
B A B A B A sin sin cos cos ) ( cos # =
) ) ( (
tan tan 1
tan tan
) ( tan
2
1
t + =

= k B A
B A
B A
B A
#
2
cos
2
sin 2 sin sin
B A B A
B A
+
= +
2
sin
2
cos 2 sin sin
B A B A
B A
+
=
2
cos
2
cos 2 cos cos
B A B A
B A
+
= +
cos cos A
2
sin
2
sin 2
B A B A
B
+
=
Differentiation
sec x sec x tan x
x sec
2
x
cosec x cosec x cot x
f(x) f'(x)
tan kx k sec
2
kx
cot co
) g(
) f(
x
x
) ) (g(
) ( g ) f( ) g( ) ( f
2
x
x x x x ' '
6 UA015572 Edexcel AS/A level Mathematics Formulae List: Core Mathematics C3 Issue 1 November 2004

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