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The construction and earth-moving world is characterized by the introduction of increasingly restrictive legislation and increasing competition in all areas, affecting everyone in the business. As a construction equipment manufacturer we are continuously faced with ever-higher user demands on machine productivity. We meet the requirements of the new, stricter emissions legislation through state-of-the-art, innovative engine designs allied to well-proven Volvo engine technology and components. What is more, we do this while keeping machine performance high and fuel consumption low. This brochure is about how our new diesel engines fulfil these higher demands and also about how every drop of fuel is utilized optimally to deliver outstanding performance. One secret behind our world-class engines is the new Volvo Advanced Combustion Technology, V-ACT, that meets both your demands and those of society, today and in the future. Go for simplicity go The Volvo Way and stay one step ahead.
Exhaust rocker arm fitted with a patented, switchable double rocker device for Internal Gas Recirculation, I-EGR (Volvo D12D).
A
Exhaust valve motion Inlet valve motion
I-EGR a second opening (A) of the exhaust valve allows a controlled amount of exhaust gas to be fed back into the cylinder for a short moment during the inlet stroke.
The I-EGR function is not required at low engine speeds and is therefore automatically in the switched-off position at low revs. This ensures excellent engine response all the way up from low idle. The Volvo D16E represents the ultimate in largedisplacement, heavy-duty diesel engine technology.
A new generation of electronically controlled high-pressure unit injectors for precise fuel injection timing, injection pressure control and fuel quantity delivery for each com bustion sequence.
Valve mechanism with extra rocker arm for I-EGR actuation, (D16E).
The diesel engines used in Volvo construction machines cover a wide range from 1 to 16 litres in displacement. Each one is a state-of-the-art engine tailored specifically for our various construction machines. Volvo diesel engines are built on decades of experience and on the use of advanced technology. Volvo Advanced Combustion Technology, V-ACT, is yet another example of our engine
design capability based on cutting-edge technology that is now applied in the new generation Volvo diesel engines for off-road applications. Volvo diesel engines give you outstanding performance, competitive fuel consumption and low emissions. They are designed and precision-built to meet your high demands concerning reliability, durability and operating economy.
Key Volvo heavy-duty engine features for high performance, low emissions and low fuel consumption
In-line cylinder configuration, turbo-charging, direct injection, wet replaceable cylinder liners and air-to-air intercooling. Single cylinder head with overhead camshaft for precise control of valve timing. Four valves per cylinder for efficient gas flow. Vertically installed unit injectors for optimum distribution of fuel in the combustion chamber. Camshaft-driven unit injectors for fuel injection with extreme precision under high pressure. Electronically controlled high-pressure fuel injection system for precise fuel injection. The fuel injection pressure is also electronically controlled to provide flexible injection which minimizes the formation of soot and smoke. Turbocharger and intercooler with high efficiency ratings for large air surplus and low operating temperatures. EMS 2 (Engine Management System) technology. The E-ECU (Engine Electronic Control Unit) is integrated with the machines other electronic control units.
A POWERFUL rangE
Volvo D6E
Volvo D9B
Volvo D12D
Volvo D1.2
Volvo D1.6
Volvo D3.1
Volvo D3.4
Volvo D3D
Volvo D4D
Volvo diesel engine D9B The 9-litre Volvo D9B combines the best of two worlds it features the double rocker system of the D12D (see page 4) and the engine timing mechanism located close to the engine flywheel as in the D16E (see page 5).
Volvo D7E
Volvo D16E
Volvo D5D
Volvo D6E
6 cyl., 5.7 litres Rated output range 90 - 122 kW (122 - 166 hp)
Volvo D7E
6 cyl., 7.2 litres Rated output range 138 - 184 kW (188 - 250 hp)
Volvo D9B
6 cyl., 9.4 litres Rated output range 199 - 252 kW (271 - 343 hp)
Volvo D12D
6 cyl., 12.1 litres Rated output range 198 - 313 kW (269 - 426 hp)
Volvo D16e
6 cyl., 16.1 litres Rated output range 346 - 397 kW (471 - 540 hp)
The electronic control unit (E-ECU) is mounted either directly on the engine or on the chassis of the machine. The E-ECU continuously receives information from sensors that monitor engine function data, see the table to the right.
Engine speed and piston position. Camshaft position and speed. Fuel pressure and fuel temperature. Boost pressure and air temperature. Negative pressure and air temperature after the air filter. Oil pressure and oil temperature. Engine oil level. Coolant temperature. Coolant level in the expansion tank. Cooling fan engagement/disengagement. Condensate in the fuel pre-filter.
Power
High torque at low engine speeds for excellent engine response. Sustained high torque over a broad engine speed range and high torque rise.
Torque
Sustained high power over a wide engine speed range and excellent low-end torque to power through as load levels change.
Power Torque
Power
High power and torque for acceleration and high average speed and for operation with full load in poor underfoot conditions and on gradients.
Torque
Main benefits:
Power when and where needed. Torque as needed, with peak torque at low to modest engine speeds. Ample torque rise as required by application. Smooth, direct throttle response for optimum operability and maximum operator satisfaction. Low fuel consumption. Low exhaust emission levels. Low noise levels.
Fast response to changes in engine load essential for achieving high performance, for instance during tough trenching tasks and in mass excavation operations.
Power Torque
Power
Torque
Other features Apart from improved power, torque and engine response characteristics along with emissions-compliant reduced exhaust emissions, the new generation of medium-size Volvo diesel engines offer the following significant features: High power to weight ratio Competitive fuel efficiency Reduced engine sound level Very efficient air, oil and fuel filtration systems Easy maintenance Reliability Durability High performance under all conditions in all applications
E-ECU
Injector
Rail pressure sensor 2-way solenoid valve Rail PRV Slave piston Oil Supply High-pressure circuit Master piston Low-pressure circuit Control valve Return to tank PRV= Pressure relief valve FCV= Fuel control valve Exhaust rocker Intake rocker
High pressure pumps From tank Fuel pump Main filter FCV
As a leading engine and equipment manufacturer we offer a wide selection of customer support facilities and services for the support of our equipment through our global network of qualified dealers and strategically located parts warehouses.
VCADS Pro a PC-based diagnostics and service software tool for swift and accurate fault-tracing, diagnosing and programming. MATRIS a PC-based software that produces the oper ating history of the machine, including the engine data. Volvo Factory Remanufactured Components, REMAN the range includes complete engines as well as critical engine components. CareTrack a telematics system providing remote machine tracking, alarm- and error code monitoring, service& fleet management data as well as operation reports, including engine hours and fuel consumption rate. Volvo Customer Support Agreements Volvo diesel engines are designed and built for high performance. Proper service and maintenance are prerequisites for sustained performance, maximum uptime and long service life. Our flexible service and maintenance concept embraces four different levels of support, market-adapted to suit varying customer needs, from the regular inspections and servicing White Agreement level to the full-support, allinclusive Gold Agreement level.
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1893
Our first internal combustion engine was presented. This was the start of the companys success as one of the worlds leading manufacturers of crude oil engines.
1936
Production of our first diesel engines started with two small two-stroke, low-speed (900-1000 rpm) engine models for marine and stationary use: the single-cylinder 10 hp DW3 and the twin-cylinder 20 hp DW5. In the 1940s Volvo also produced twoand four-stroke semi-diesel engines in the 40 to 50 hp range.
1946
The first Volvo 6-cylinder diesel engine was introduced the 96 hp VDA (Volvo Diesel engine type A).
1980
During the 1980s, fuel injection systems underwent constant improvement to ensure greater fuel efficiency, at the same time as the demand for and delivery of low-emission engines increased steadily.
1991
In 1991, the air-to-liquid intercoolers received a Twin Pump device to give the charge air optimal temperature for even better engine efficiency, higher performance and lower emission levels in anticipation of the Tier1/ Stage I emission limits due to be enforced a few years later.
1993
The first Volvo diesel engine with a high-pressure, electronically controlled fuel injection system was launched: the six-cylinder, 12-litre D12A then the worlds most modern diesel engine featuring considerably higher engine efficiency and performance and greatly reduced emissions.
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1952
The first diesel engines for construction equipment were introduced as 3- and 4-cylinder direct injection engines with a displacement of 3.36-4.48 litres, producing 42.5-55 hp at a maximum of 1800 rpm. They were a success from the start thanks to excellent torque characteristics, low fuel consumption, reliability and as time proved exceptionally long service life.
1954
One of the worlds first turbocharged direct-injection heavy-duty diesel engines was introduced.
1978
Intercooler technology for higher performance, lower fuel consumption and cleaner emissions was put in production. Volvos, and the worlds, first truly low-emission engines for construction equipment were born.
2000
The Volvo D12C engine with an Engine Management System (EMS 2) that communicates with the machines other electronic systems was introduced in Volvo construction equipment. This enhanced total performance, adaptability and control. It also made it possible to meet Tier 2/Stage ll emission requirements well before they became mandatory.
2001 - 2004
Successive introduction of new engine versions with higher efficiency in order to meet Tier 2/Stage ll emission requirements while improving performance.
2005 - 2006
Introduction of a new generation of engines with Volvo Advanced Combustion Technology, V-ACT. These engines are characterized by enhanced fuel injection and air handling control. One prominent feature is Volvos patented I-EGR design. Low emission levels have been reached without sacrificing engine performance. The new engines comply with the stringent US Tier 3/EU Stage IIIA emission requirements.
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All products are not available on all markets. Under our policy of continuous improvement, we reserve the right to change specifications and designs without prior notice. The illustrations do not necessarily show the standard version of the machine.
Ref. No. 21 3 669 2726 English Printed in Sweden 2006.046 Volvo, Eskilstuna