Abstract

Diabetes is one disease that doesnt need any introduction to modern day people. Moreover, effect of microwave radiation on our body is one area that much of the modern day research is focused on. This study focuses on the effects that this two problems have on the brain, an area of huge interest for neuroscientists. Our study uses rats as the animal model for this experiment. The work has been carried out on four groups of rats i) control group which acts as a reference ii) diabetic rats iii) microwave irradiated rats iii) diabetic rats exposed to microwave radiation. The rats were made diabetic by injecting a chemical Streptozotocin i.p. The microwave radiation of 2.45 GHz was given to the rats with the help of a Microwave Analog Signal Generator. The effects produced on rat brain was analyzed by recording the brain electrical potential called Electroencephalography (EEG) with the help of R.M.S provided Polyrite machine. The signal processing toolbox of Matlab is used profoundly for processing the signal and performing spectral analysis of it mention results. The results have showed increase in slow waves activity especially Delta waves of EEG in all the groups with maximum effect on diabetic rats exposed to microwave radiation. Keywords: Microwave radiation, Diabetes, EEG, spectral analysis.

List of figures
Fig 1.1: Healthy EEG waveform

3 4 9 9
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Fig 1.2: EEG Power spectrum of a healthy patient

Fig 2.1: (a) Overall process of Type 2 Diabetes (b) Insulin Resistance created in Type 2 Diabetes Fig 2.2: Harmful effects of Diabetes Fig 3.1: Rats in their animal holder Fig 3.2: Experimental Setup for microwave exposure Fig 3.3: Electrodes implanted at different positions of rat brain Fig 3.4: Total EEG Setup Fig 4.1: Power Spectral Density of frontoparietal channel by Welch Method Fig 4.2: Power Spectral Density of frontoparietal channel by AR Method Fig 4.3: Power Spectral Density of occipital channel by Welch Method Fig 4.4: Power Spectral Density of occipital channel by AR Method Fig 4.5: Power Spectral Density of Temporal channel by Welch Method Fig 4.6: Power Spectral Density of temporal channel by AR Method

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Fig 4.7: Mean power of frequency bands in frontoparietal channel by Welch method 50 Fig 4.8: Mean power of frequency bands in frontoparietal channel by AR method Fig 4.9: Mean power of frequency bands in occipital channel by Welch method Fig 4.10: Mean power of frequency bands in occipital channel by AR method Fig 4.11: Mean power of frequency bands in temporal channel by Welch method Fig 4.12: Mean power of frequency bands in temporal channel by AR method Fig 4.13: Mean power of different channels by Welch method Fig 4.13: Mean power of different channels by AR method 50 51 51 52 52 53 53

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List of Tables
Table 2.1: Different Microwave Bands Table 2.2: EEG frequency bands Table 3.1: Flowchart of EEG signal processing Table 4.1: Blood Glucose level measures on Day 0 and Day 3 Table 4.2: Body weights of Rat 1 and Rat 2 15 24
39 42

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List of Abbreviations
CNS PNS EEG GHz KHz PSD AR A/m V/m IEEE RF ISM SAR DNA PW CW mW W J/g Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Electroencephalography Gega Hertz Kilo Hertz Power Spectral Density Auto Regressive Ampere per meter Volt per meter Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Radiofrequency Industrial Scientific and Medical applications Specific Absorption rate Deoxyribonucleic Acid Pulsed Wave Continuous Wave milliwatt microwatt Joule per gram

C.S.F cl K ECG PPP FFT gm i.p. STZ dB dBm mm/min Fs mg/dl

Cerebro Spinal Fluid Chlorine Potassium Electroencephalography Post Synaptic Potential Fast Fourier Transform Gram Intraperitoneal Streptozotocin Decibel Decibel to 1 milliwatt Millimeter per minute Sampling frequency Milligram per deciliter

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