Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2006; 34(2):223-225
Effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties resistant to leaf curl virus University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560065 (India)
Results and Discussion The data on the effect of planting seasons and varieties on fruit and seed yield and seed quality are presented in table 1,2 and 3. Plant Height: Planting seasons and varieties significantly influenced the plant height. The crop grown in rabi season recorded higher plant height ( 90.90 cm) followed by kharif (81.87 cm ) and summer (74.40 cm). Among varieties, vybhav recorded higher plant height (86.07 cm) over Nandhi, Sankranthi and Arka Vikas. The higher plant height in rabi was mainly due to warm weather prevailed during growth period and it put forth better growth. The varietal differences in plant height were due to genotypic make up. Such varietal difference also noticed by ( ) Fruit yield: Significant differences in respect of number of fruits, fruit yieldper plant and hectare were observed due to planting seasons, varieties and their interactions. The seasons effects on yield components observed to be profound. More number of fruits per plant (70.06), higher fruit yield per plant (3201 g) and fruit yield/ha (71t) was obtained in rabi season followed by kharif and summer seasons. There was almost more than 200 per cent reduction in yield during kharif and summer season. The reduction in fruit yield per plant and hectare in kharif was mainly attributed to infestation of pests like leaf minor, mites and alternaria disease. In summer season the crop was severely affected with abiotic stress and biotic stress factors. The reduction in yield from 35.8 to 72.2 percent was reported by (5) towards delayed planting from January to April. They also observed higher yield during JuneJuly and November planting under south Indian conditions. The present findings are inconformity with the above results of (5). Among the varieties, the Vybhav recorded more number of fruits per plant (57.72), fruit yield per plant (2214g) and fruit yield per hectare (49t) followed by the variety Vybhav recorded higher 91t fruit yield per hectare in rabi season. These seasonal and varietal interactions have been reported by (6) and (7). Leaf curl infection: Maximum leaf curl infection was noticed in summer at 45 (62.75%) and 90 days (100%) after planting. The higher incidence of leaf curl in summer was mainly attributed by higher whitefly population in summer. Among the varieties, Sankranthi, Nandi and Vybhav showed nil leaf curl virus disease in all the 3 seasons, while the Arka Vikas recorded leaf curl infection ranging from 80 100% in all the three seasons. This was mainly due to susceptible nature Arka Vikas to leaf curl viral infection (8). Seed yield: Planting seasons and varieties significantly influenced the seed yield per plant and hectare. Higher seed yield per plant (12.93g) and seed yield per hectare (287.39 kg) was recorded in rabi planted crop and was followed by kharif and rabi season. The increased seed yield may attributed to moderate climatic conditions and free from infestations of pests and diseases. Among the varieties, Nandi recorded significantly higher seed yield per hectare (210.43 kg) than Sankranthi (142.94) and Arka Vikas (138.42 kg). Even though the fruit yield was highest in Vybhav, its seed yield was lowest (95.40 kg/ha) and it was due to its lower seed to fruit ratio (0.18%). Similarly the varietal difference in seed yield due to genotypic was reported by (7). The Nandi recorded higher seed yield/ha (44.87kg) in rabi seasons. Seed quality parameters: The quality parameters viz., 1000 seed weight, per cent germination and seedling vigour index were highly influenced by planting seasons and varieties. Significantly higher 1000 seed weight (2.37g), germination (90.06%) and s vigour index (1395) was recorded in both kharif and rabi (2.35g, 89.75% and 1343 respectively). While, the lowest seed quality
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