Study no: Gerdeman and Anthony Michael (1998), conducted a study on Understanding the oral examination process in professional

certification examination. This study that the subjective nature of oral examinations often lead to reliability estimates that are lower than any other types of examinations (i.e.) written examinations. This current study attempts to evaluate the quality of one such exam by developing alternative indicators of exam quality using a preexisting data set. A series of examiner agreement variables were calculated for low, moderate and higher ability candidates and subsequently correlated with each other.

Study no: Williams and Michael (1998), conducted a study on Multiple choice examination answer changing and rationales. This study finds out that the reasoning answer changing varies. The theoretical basis of the study concerns the relationship between the degrees of successful outcomes to the rationale used to make a change of answer. The findings that changing initial answers on multiple-choice examinations would yield positive outcomes in next cases.

Study no: Hanzlik and Terry (2001) conducted a study on An examination of Iowa high school instrumental band directors assessment practices and attitudes towards assessment. This study examined the types and frequencies of assessment methods used by Iowa high school band deirectors assessment practices and attitudes towards assessment, as well a examined the effects of selected teacher background variables on teachers attitude towards assessment. These attitudes and assessment methods were determined utilizing the Survey of Bank Directors Attitude towards Assessment (SBDAA) developed by the researcher. ANOVAs and hierarchical regression techniques were used to explore the effects and relationships of the personal (teaching experience, education, age and gender) and institutional variables (school size, class length, academic credit status, guiding practices and instructional support) on attitude assessment. Through additional analysis, a significant curvilinear relationship was shown to exist between

high school teaching experience and attitude towards assessment when using the administrative subscale of the attitude measure. Study no: Mincks and Rena Marie (2000) conducted a study on Consequences of high stakes testing there is much in the literature explaining what teachers, parents and others think students feel about test taking. This study interviews student to find out from the stakeholders themselves what they are thinking regarding the Washington qualitative, one on, one intersection or interviews with small groups of students were conducted determine eighth grade students perceptions about the WASL. The questions for the interviews were designed to open conversations with the students to discuss concern from other studies around four themes. 1. Awareness of testing 2. Feelings about testing 3. Preparing for the test 4. The affects of high stakes tests. All students were aware that they must meet or exceed the standard on WASL as part of their graduation requirement. The students expressed some concerns regarding their education over emphasizing the passing of the WASL at the expense of having a full and complete education, one that prepares them for further education and for life.