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An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in uniform motion, with a constant speed in the same direction unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force.
This law was derived from Galileo's Principle of Inertia which states: "A body moving on a level surface will continue in the same direction at constant speed unless disturbed."
F P t
Newtons 3rd Law:
All forces occur in pairs, and these two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
OR
If body A exerts a force F on body B then body B exerts an equal and opposite force F on body A.
In other terms:
When you sit in your chair, your body exerts a downward force on the chair and the chair exerts an upward force on your body. There
are two forces resulting from this interaction - a force on the chair and a force on your body. These two forces are called action and reaction forces and are the subject of Newton's third law of motion.
It was Galileos concept of inertia which lead Newton to discover his first law. In opposition to Aristotles laws Galileo boldly stated and proved that these laws were false. He reasoned that moving objects eventually stopped moving due to a force called friction. He also proved that heavy and light objects fall at the same speed.