Wi l le m A .

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Copyright 1990 by Wi l le m A . Va nG e m e r e n
Originally published in the U.S.A. under the title
Inte rp reting th e Pro ph etic Word

Published by Zondervan, Grand Rapids, Michigan

Chinese Translation Copyright 20 13 by

A K ERN EL O F W H EAT C H RISTIA N M IN ISTRIES

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13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1


Interpreting the

Prophetic Word
C O N T E N T S

15
16
25

27

The Prophetic Phenomenon in Israel

1 31
32
32
47
63

2 67
68
68
75
90
103

 3 107
108
111
114
123
132
141

151

The Message of the Minor Prophets

4 155
156

156
160
162
179
179
181
182
190
190
193
196
206

 5 211
212
212
213
214
218
218
219
222
225
225
226

237

228

6 241
242
242
245
246
252
252
253
254
260
260
261
262
269

 7
273
274
279
279
281
282
288
288
289
293
e
s gull 300

300
303

304
311

8 317
318
319
337
346
350
353
358
360

363

The Message of the Major Prophets

9 367
368
372
376
16 376
118 390
113 394

110 398
18 403

122 403
113 411
124 418
427

10 431
432
432
437
450
462
477

11 481
482
482
488
492
506
508
508
511
514

530

12 529

531
549
562
573

585
607


1. 30
2. 34
3. 35
4. 37
5. 43
6. 49
7. 55
8. 57
9. 60
10. 69
11. 73

12. 82
13. 97

14. 112
15. 126

16. 129
17. 132
18. 134
19. 139
20. 142
21. 149
22. 165
23. 168

24. 170
25. 176
26. 1732 185
27. 187

28. 2832 188

29. 189
30. 198
31. 200
32. 204
33. 216
34. 222
35. 230
36. 233
37. 236
38. 248
39. 252
40. 255

41. 258
42. 263

43. 267
44. 285

45. 295
46. 322
47. 333
48. 335
49. 338
50. 342
51. 345
52. 351
53. 354
54. 377
55. 382
56. 392

57. 398
58. 405
59. 409
60. 412
61. 413
62. 439
63. 454
64. 483
65. 485
66. 496
67. 499
68. 502
69. 509

70. 519
71. 524

72. 531

73. 533

74. 538
75. 543
76. 548
77. 556
78. 562
79. 567


1. 79
2. 931-586 81
3. 84
4. 85
5. 154
6. 159
7. 244
8. 276
9. 369
10. 434
11. 456

12. 552

The Prophetic
Phenomenon in Israel

shal om
10
12 shal om

44

Tanak h

1




1

TanakhThe Holy Scriptures: the New JPS Translation

according to the Traditional Hebrew Text (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society,
1988)

Roger Beckwith, The Old Testament Canon of New

29

Nev m

Ket u vm

1.

Testament Church and Its Background in Early Judaism (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1958)

30

885-841
841-753

(1) (2)
(3)

Robert R. Wilson, Early Israelite Prophecy, in Interpreting the Prophets,

ed. James Luther Mays and Paul J. Achtemeier [Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987], 1 -13
Georg Fohrer, Bemerkungen zum Neueren
Verstndnis der Propheten, Wege der Forschung 307 (1979): 475-92; Werner H.
Schmidt, Die Prophetische Grundgewissheit: Erwgungen zur Einheit prophet ischer Verkndigung, Wege der Forschung 307 (1979): 537-6 4

Robert L. Alden Evangelical Society

:

Study of the Prophets Since World

War II, in New Perspectives on the Old Testament , ed. J. B. Payne [Waco, Tex.:
Word, 1970], 145

68

3 10

10.

J. R. Porter
The Origins of Prophecy in Israel, in FS
Ackroyd , 19

1 4
17 4 19 2 14 15 1
R. R.
Wilson, Prophecy and Ecstasy: A Reexamination, JBL 98 [1979]: 321-37
Simon B. Parker, Possession Trance and Prophecy in Preexilic Israel, VT 28
[1978]: 271-85

69

10
(1) (2) (3)
(4) (5) (6)
(7)

1

54

6 10

27

10 12 26 25 26

34 52 36 38
29

G unkel H ls c he r
Li ndbl om ecs t ati c
7 Ma x We be r
guru

Hermann Gunkel, The Prophets as Writers and Poets, Prophecy in Israel: Search
for an Identity, ed. David L. Petersen (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987), 22 -73

William McKane Prophet and

Institution, ZAW 94 [1982]: 251-66

Hermann Gunkel, Die getheimen

Erfahrungen der Propheten Israels: Ei ne

religionspsychologische Studie, Das Suchen der Zeit: Bltter Deutscher Zukunft 1

(1903): 112-53; G. Hlscher, Die Propheten: Untersuchungen zur Religions geschichte Israels (Leipzig: J. Hinrichs, 1914); Johannes Lindblom, Prophecy in
Ancient Israel (Oxford: Blackwell, 62)

70

8 Mowi nc kel

10

11 Da vi d L. P et e rs e n
12
(1)

13 (2)

14 (3)
15

Max Weber, The Prophet, in Prophecy in Israel: Search for an Identity 99-111

Sigmund Mowinckel, Cult and Prophecy, in Prophecy in Israel: Search for an

Identity, 74-98

10

Frank Moore Cross, Jr., Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic (Cambridge: Harvard
University Press, 1973), 223 -29 James G. Williams, The Social Location of
Israelite Prophecy, JAAR 37 (1969): 153-65

11

Thomas W. Overholt, Prophecy in Cross-Cultural Perspective; A Sourcebook for

Biblical Researchers (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1986)

12

David L. Petersen, The Roles of Israels Prophets , JSOTSS 17 (Sheffield: JSOT,

1981): 30-34

13

38-40

14

40-50

15

51-69

71

16
17

18

19

20

10

16

James F. Ross, The Prophet as Yahwehs Messenger, in FS Muilenburg, 112-21

17

J. Muilenburg, The Office of the Prophet in Ancient Israel, in The Bible in

Modern Scholarship, ed. J. Hyatt (Nashville: Abingdon, 1967), 74 -97

18

Petersen, Roles of Israels Prophets, 70-88 Porter,

The Origins of Prophecy in Israel, 18 -20 R. R. Wilson, Prophecy and
Society in Ancient Israel (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1980); idem., Sociological
Approaches to the Old Testament (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1984)

19

Gerhard von Rad, The Message of the Prophets, trans. D. M. G. Stalker (New York:
Harper & Row, 1965)

20

A. F. Kirkpatrick
The Doctrine of the Prophets [London:
Macmillan, 1917], 518

72

11

11.

21

22

21

Ronald E. Clements, Patterns in the Prophetic Canon, in Canon and Authority

Essays in Old Testament Religion and Theology, ed. George W. Coats and Burke O.
Long (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1977), 42-55 Hans Walter Wolff, Die
eigentliche Botschaft der klassischen Propheten, in FS Zimmerli, 547-57

22

Norman K. Gottwald, All the Kingdoms of the Earth : Israelite Prophecy and International Relations in the Ancient Near East (New York: Harper & Row, 1964), 364

73

O de nda a l

23
24
25

26

1 3

27
the oc e ntr ic

28

23

Dirk H. Odendaal, The Eschatological Expectations of Isaiah 40 -66 with Special Re-

24

Geerhardus Vos, Biblical Theology: Old and New Testament (Grand Repids: Eerd-

ference to Israel and the Nations (Phillipsburg: Presbyterian & Reformed, 1 970), 32
mans, 1948), 206-8
8-11
25

Herbert B. Huffmon, The Origins of Prophecy, in FS Wright, 171-86

26

181 J. R. Porter

The Origins of Prophecy in Israel, 15

27

Koch metahistory
reality
poles Prophets, 1:73

28

Zimmerli
Cassandra

74

10 12

c orpus

2 7

c our t prop he ts

OTTO, 192

75

29 2

5 16

25
34

1 25,
1 17
30 31 32

27

33
1 9

1 5 34 35

29

2 8 10 22 32 38 44 45
1 29 29 25 Ilse von
Loewenclau, Der Prophet Nathan im Zweilicht von theologischer Deutu ng und
Historie, in FS Westermann, 202-15

30

1 17 32 34 25

31

11 9 25

32

33

9 10 20 22

34

Huffmon, The Origins of Prophecy, 179 -80; David L. Petersen, Late Israelite
Prophecy: Studies in Deutero-Prophetic Literature and in Chronicles (Missoula,
Mont: Scholars Press, 1977), 55 -87 Gary V. Smith
Prophet: Prophecy, ISBE
3:993

35

76

Hermann Gunkel, The Prophets as Writers and Poets, 22 -73; D. N. Freedman,

36
37 38

39

29 39 1 9 2 18

22 24 1 4
17 18 29
30 21 22 36 10 17 21 23
931-722

P ottery, Poetry, and Prophecy : An Essay on Biblical Poetry, JBL 96 (1977): 5-26; J.
H. Eaton, Vision in Worship: The Relation of Prophecy and Liturgy in the Old
Testament (London: SP CK, 1981)
36

Paul D. Hanson, Prophets and Kings, Humanitas 15 (1979): 287-303; Gottwald,

Israelite Prophecy, 53-57

37

Gottwald, Israelite Prophecy, 56

38

29
29 15 22

39

H. B. Huffmon, The Origins of Prophecy, 177

77

26

Wal te r Cross
40
41

42

43

44

45

40

Walter Gross, Lying Prophet and Disobedient Man of God in 1 Kings 13: Role
Analysis as an Instrument of Theological Interpretation in an OT Narrative Text,
Semeia 15 (1979): 97-129

41

108-10, 121-22

42

124

43

125

44

Alfred Jepsen, Gottesmann und Prophet: Anmerkungen zum Kapitel 1. Knige 13,
in FS von Rad, 171-81

45

Klaus Koch, Das Profetenschweigen des deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerks, in

FS Wolff, 115-28

78

29
26 40
1 18

22 24

1 34

1 4

1
12
13 43
1 36
19 21
2 10
14 21
4

14 17

37

20

25 27

17 21

1.

79

46

25 33 4

1 2

37

37

47

1 16

1 15
885-753

46

David L. Petersen
Roles of Israels Prophets; idem, Late Israelite
Prophecy

47

Merrill, History, 315-402

290-313 VanGemeren, Progress, 242-60

80

931-910

931-913

931

910-909
II

913-911

909-886

911-870

900

886-885
III

885

IV

885-874

875

874-853

853-852

852-841
V

873-848
848-841

841

841-814

841
841-835

814-798

835-796

800

796-767

792-740

798-782

793-753
VI

752

VII

752-742
742-740

VIII

740-732

IX

732-722

753

750

750-731

735-715
729-686

722

700
696-642
650

625

642-640

640-609

609

608-598

600

586

598-597
597-586

2. 931-586

81

885- 841

12

722

586

12.
12 15

7 24
1 15 25 26

82

841- 753

26 27
3 5 23

750 3

48

48

classical Hans Walter Wolff, Prophecy from the Eighth

Through the Fifth Century, in Interpreting the Prophets, ed. Mays and Achtemeier,
14-26 Menahem Haran
From Early to Classical Prophecy:
Continuity and Change, VT 27 [1977]: 385-97

83

931

875

800

931-910

885-874 874-853 841-814 793-753

750

722

3.

49

730
722

12

49

Morton Cogan, Imperialism and Religion: Assyria, Judah and Israel in the Eighth
and Seventh Centuries B . C . E . (Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1974)

84

7
14 35 37

20 22

19 50

931

740

700

650

931-913

792-740

729-686 696-642

586

640-609

600

4.

50

294 323-38 VanGemeren, Progress, 246,

268-79

85

729-686

6 10
19 21
8

the ol ogy of Zi on 51

696-642 52

640-609
622 609

612 605
10

5 19

4

51

Jon D. Levenson, Sinai and Zion: An Entry into the Jewish

Bible (Minneapolis: Winston Press, 1985), 89 -184

52

86

Merrill, History, 433-36

10
5 26

The Exilic Era

53

c a noni c al re vel at i on

53

Merrill, History, 469-87

344-61 VanGemeren, Progress, 286-99

87

The P ost exilic Era

538

54

54

88

362-79 VanGemeren, Progress, 300-312

55

55

Robert P. Carroll, Ancient Israelite Prophecy

and Dissonance Theory, Numen 24 (1977-78): 135-51; idem, Second Isaiah and the
Failure of Prophecy, S T 32 (1978): 119-31; idem, Inner Tradition Shifts in Meaning
in Isaiah 1-11, ExpT 89 (1978): 301-4; idem, Twilight of Prophecy or Dawn of
Apocalyptic, JSOT 14 (1979): 3-35; idem, When Prophecy Failed: Cognitive
Dissonance in the Prophetic Traditions of the Old Testament (New York: Seabury,
1979); idem, Prophecy and Dissonance: A Theoretical Approach to the Prophetic
Tradition, ZAW 92 (1980): 108-19; idem, Eschatological Delay in the Prophetic
Tradition? ZAW 94 (1982): 47-58; idem, Prophecy, Dissonance, and Jeremiah
xxvi, in A Prophet to the Nations: Essays on Jeremiah Studies , ed. Leo G. Perdue
and Brian W. Kovacs (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1984), 381 -91; J. Collins,
The Place of Apocalypticism in the Religion of Israel, in FS Cross, 539-58; David
L. Petersen, Roles of Israels Prophets; idem, Late Israelite Prophecy

89

56

57

58 2 20 8

56

Carroll, When Prophecy Failed, 157-68

57

380-96 VanGemeren, Progress, 313-24

58

Robert P. Carroll, A Non -Cogent Argument in

Jeremiahs Oracles Against the Prophets, ST 30 (1976): 43-51; James L. Crenshaw,
Prophetic Conflict: Its Effect upon Israelite Religion (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter,
1971); idem, Prophecy, False, IDBS, 701-2; idem, A Whirlpool of Torment:
Israelite Tradition on God as an Oppressive Force (Philadelphia: Fortress,1984);

90

27 14
19 14
59

Simon J. De Vries, Prophet Against Prophet: The Role of the Micaiah Narrative (I

Kings 22) in the Development of Early Prop hetic Tradition (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1978); Frank Lothar Hossfeld and Ivo Meyer, Prophet gegen Prophet, Eine Analyse
der alttestamentlichen Texte Zum Thema: wahre and falsche Propheten (Fribourg:

Schweizerisches Katholisches Bibelwerk, 1973); Ronald E. Manahan, A Theology

of Pseudoprophets: A Study of Jeremiah, GTJ 1 (1980): 77-96; Robert MartinAchard, Hanania contre Jrmie: Quelques Remarques sur Jrmie 28, Bulletin du
centre Protestant dtudes 29 (1977): 51-57; Thomas W. Overholt, The Threat of
Falsehood: A Study in the Theology of the Book of Jeremiah , SBT 2/16 (Naperville:
Allenson, 1970); idem, Jeremiah 27 -29: The Question of False Prophecy, JAAR 35
(1967): 241-49; James A. Sanders, Jeremiah and the Future of Theological
Scholarship, Andover Newton Quarterly 13 (1972): 133-45; idem, Hermeneutics in
True and False Prophecy, in Canon and Authority, ed. Coats and Long, 21-41; Gary
V. Smith, Prophecy, False, ISBE 3:984-86; A. S. van der Woude, Micah in Dispute
with the Pseudo-Prophets, VT 19 (1969): 244-60; W. A. VanGemeren, Prophets, the
Freedom of God, and Hermeneutics, WTJ 52 (1990): forthcoming
Martin Buber, False Prophets [Jeremiah 28], in On the Bible: Eighteen
Studies by Martin Buber, ed. Nahum N. Glatzer (New York: Schocken, 1982), 166-71;
Gerhard von Rad, Die falschen Propheten, ZAW 51 (1933): 109-20
59

Goldingay

Gods Prophet, Gods Servant :
A Study in Jeremiah and Isaiah 4 0-55 [Exeter : Paternoster, 1984], 53

91

60
10
10 12 14 15 28

61

60

Zimmerli, The Law and the Prophets : A Study of the Meaning of the Old
Testament, trans. R. E. Clements [New York : Harper & Row, 1967], 65 -66

61

92

Manahan, A Theology of Pseudoproph ets: A Study of Jeremiah, 77 -96

2 4

62

6


9

63

18 19

1 11

9 10 14 15
13 14

10 17

10

62

Martin-Achard, Hanania contre Jrmie

63

Werner E. Lemke 23 24
The Near and the Distant God : A Study of Jer. 23: 23-24 in Its Biblical
Theological Context, JBL 100 [1981]: 541-55

93

16

20 33 40

14 64

65

28
29

64

Koch, Prophets 2:59

65

24 27

94

2 1

66

67

68
Si nai the ol ogy

66

Overholt, Threat of Falsehood , 71, 85

67

De Vries, Prophet Against Prophet, 142-44 Hossfeld and Meyer, Prophet gegen
Prophet, Eine Analyse der alttestamentlichen Texte zum Thema : wahre and falsche
Propheten Burke O. Long

Prophetic Authority and Social Reality, in Canon and Authority, ed.
Long and Coats, 19 3-20

68

A. S. van der Woude, Micah in Dispute with the Pseudo -Prophets, 258

95

69
70

71

13

Von Ra d
72 R. P. Ca rr oll

73

Cre nsha w
74 Ble nki ns opp

75

69

Crenshaw, Prophetic Conflict, 23-38, 69-73 John Bright, Covenant and

Promise: The Prophetic Understanding of the Future in Preexilic Israel [Philadelphia :
Westminster, 1976], 165

70

Crenshaw, Prophetic Conflict, 67-69

71

Thomas W. Overholt, Jeremiah 27 -29: The Question of False Prophecy, 241 -49

72

G. von Rad, OTT 2:209-10 n. 27

73

Carroll, When Prophecy Failed, 184-204

74

Crenshaw, Prophetic Conflict, 110-11; idem, Prophecy, False, IDBS, 701-2

75

Joseph Blenkinsopp, A History of Prophecy in Israel (Philadelphia : Westminster,

1983), 186

1998 238 1993

96

76
77
78

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

1.

13.

79

76

Ibid, 188 242

77

R. P. Carroll, A Non -Cogent Argument in Jeremiahs Oracles Against the

Prophets

78

Wilson, Sociological Approaches, 70-71

79

Motyer
IBD 3:1282

97

80
Sande rs
81

82

83

80

Paul D. Hanson

Prophets and Kings, Humanitas 15 [1979]: 289

81

Sanders, Hermeneutics in True and False Prophecy, 31

82

41

83

Walther Zimmerli, Prophetic Proclamation and Reinterpretation, in Tradition and

Theology in the Old Testament , ed. Douglas A. Knight (Philadelphia : Fortress, 1977),
100

98

9 15 52

84

18

the oc e ntri c ethi c s e sc hatol ogic al e thi c s

84

Buber, False Prophets (Jeremiah 28), 169 -71

99

85
Mona nt hropol ogy

86

32 87

88

85

12

86

Koch, Prophets 2:78-80

87

10 438 Walther Zimmerli, Fruch t der

Anfechtung des Propheten, in FS Wolff, 131-46

88

Childs, OTCT, 140-41

1999 183-85

100

89

90

1 11 1 4
30 34 13 23 18 20 25 29 5 9
19 25 6 8

91

4 21 11

89

H. W. Wolff, Prophetische Alternativen: Entdeckungen des Neuen im Alten Testament

(Munich: Kaiser, 1982): 77 -79

90

Zimmerli, The Law and the Prophets, 66

91

Terence E. Fretheim, The Suffering of God: An Old Testament Perspective , OBT 14

(Philadelphia: Fortress, 1984), 159

101

6
7 9

102

10

92

93

94

92

Zimmerli, OTTO, 216

93

Hans Jochen Boecker, berlegungen zur Kultpolemik der vorexilischen

Propheten, in FS Wolff, 169-80

94

P orter, The Origins of Prophecy in Israel, 28

103

95

R. E. Cle me nts
Well ha us ia n
96

97

98

95

R. E. Clements, Prophecy and Tradition (Atlanta: John Knox, 1975)

96

R. E. Clements, Prophecy and Covenant (London : SCM, 1965), 17

97

18

98

new eschatology

John Bright, Covenant and
Promise, 111

104

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

7. 722
8.

9.
10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

105

The Message of the

Minor Prophets

Mi nor P rophet s

760
732 722
612 586

1 5

Samuel J. Schultz
The Prophets Speak: Law of
Love the Essence of Israels Religion [New York: Harper & Row, 1968
Walter C. Kaiser, Jr.
TOTT

153

750

425

760

580

700

725

630

605

630

520

520

460

5.

154

democratization

753

2 3

3

792-740
793-753

792-740
750-731 735-715 729-686
793-753

Wilson, Prophecy and Society in Ancient Israel
[Philadelphia: Fortress, 1980], 226 -27

1 5 6 5 7 16 9 15
8 5 4 15 15 11 15
8 11 13 3 11 13 11
9 3 6 5 11 1 3 1

156

Hans Walter Wolff, Hosea, Hermeneia (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1974), xxi

4 17 4
25

10 13 717 2

sa c re d prost it uti on 7 8

11 13 4 1
22 16 6

4 9 1 9

7 4

Merrill, History, 373-77

Shalom M. Paul, Amos iii 15 Winter and Summer Mansions, VT 28 (1978):

358-60

Morton Cogan, Imperialism and Religion: Assyria, Judah and Israel in the Eighth
and Seventh Centuries B . C . E . (Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1974), 104

157

7
7 53
4
8
7 4
752
8 15
752-742
745-727
19
25
740-732

S yro-Ephra i mi t e

732
29 8 11 9

732
13 14
8 9 9 10
4
13 11 3 5 1
10
6

J. A. Soggin, Hosea und die Aussenpolitik Israels, in FS Fohrer, 131-36

Merrill, History, 391-401

Wolfgang Schtte 8 6
Eine originale Stimme aus d em syrishephraimitischen Krieg: Zu Hos 5, 8 -66, ZAW 99 [1987]: 406-8

10

158

Cogan, Imperialism and Religion , 97-110

841

753

732

722

841-753

(841-814) (814-798) (798-782)

(793-753)

(753)
(752 )

(752 -742)

(858-824)

(742-740 )
(740 -732)
(732-722 )

(810-783)

(745-727)
(727-722)
(722-705)

732
722

6.

159

11
9 4
2 1 2
12

13 9

14

l e ga l dis put ati on

6 7 11 8 9 1 14
2 3 1 5 5
1 2 2 1 2 2 1 7
6 15 5 9 16
Wol ff

11

Harrison, IOT, 861-68, 868-73;

12

Buss

Childs, IOTS, 374-77

The Prophetic Word
of Hosea: A Morphological Study, BZAW 11 [Berlin: Tpelmann, 1969], 65
13

79

14

Wolff, Hosea, xxiii

15

xxiii-xxiv

16

W. Brueggemann, Tradition for Crisis (Richmond:

John Knox, 1968), 55 -90; Buss, Prophetic Word

160

17 pa ral le lis m
c at c hw ord
i rony
s i mi le s
met a pho rs
re pe ti ti on
ass ona nc e
wordpl a ys
18

19

7 11 15 5 10 13 4
11 12 2

722

20
A.
B. 2 5

17

Wolff, Hosea, xxiv

18

Buss, Prophetic Word, 38-50; Wolff, Hosea, xxiv K arol Nandrasky, Die
Anschauungsweise und die Logik in der metaphorischen Ausdrucksweise des
Propheten Hosea, LB 54 (1983): 61-95

19

Grace I. Emmerson, Hosea: An Israelite Prophet in Judean Perspective, JSOTSS

20

) Buss, Prophetic

28 (Sheffield: JSOT, 1984); Mays, Hosea, OTL (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1969), 5

Word, 31-37

David B. Wyrtzen, The

Theological Center of the Book of Hosea, BibSac 141 (1984): 315-29

Philip J. King, Hoseas Message of Hope, BTB 12 (1982): 91-95

161

1. 2 1
2. 2 23
3. 1 5
C. 1 8
1. Tora h
1 19
2. 1 15
3. pra gmat i c re pe nt a nc e 1 11
4. 1 16
5. 1 14
6. 1 9
7. 10 17

8. 1 8

9. 9 15

10. 1 11
11. 12 14
12. 1 11

13. 12 16
14. 1 8
D. 9

162

6 5 10

21
22
23

24

25

21

Leon J. Wood, Hosea, EBC 7: 164-66

1988 435 LaSor, OTS, 335-36; A.
S. van der Woude, Three Classical Pr ophets: Amos, Hosea, and Micah, FS Ackroyd ,
45-46 Stephan Bitter, Die Ehe des Propheten Hosea: Eine
auslegungsgeschichtliche Untersuchung (Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , 1975)
E. Ball, Hosea, ISBE 2: 762-64

22

27 29 1
6

12 14 6 9 13 15

23

P. A. Kruger, Israel, the Harlot (Hos. 2: 4 -9), JNSL 11 (1983): 107-16

24

symbolism Dianne Bergant, Symbolic Names in Hosea,

TBT 20 (1982): 159-60

25

Jon D. Levenson
Sinai and Zion. An Entry into the Jewish Bible [Minneapolis: Winston Press, 1985],

163

3 1
12 22

1 2 8 2

s ync re ti s m

11

4 5

1 19

1 2
1

13

72

164

26

1 11

22.

27
16 11
11 12 11 3
3

26

Else Kragelund Holt, und im Buche Hosea, Scandinavian Journal of

the Old Testament 1 (1987): 87-103


Koch, Prophets 1: 91
Katherine D. Sakenfeld, The Meaning of
Hesed in the Hebrew Bible: A New Inquiry , Harvard Semitic Monographs 17
(Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1978 ) Faithfulness in
Action (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985)

27

Buss, Prophetic Word , 83-105

165

13 1 9 4
14

7

4

5 7 4 7 9
22

28
4

3 15

4 8

13 3 6

2 9 15 17
14
29

28

Wolff, Hosea, 129-30

29

166

Cogan, Imperialism and Religion, 97-110

10

15

re pe nte nc e
re mna nt

15

2 3

167

1 3

3 30

23.

6


23

(1) (2)

30

8 6
Millard C. Lind, Hosea 5: 8 -6: 6, Int 38 (1984): 398-403

168

6 31

12

9 11 21 22 7 10

13
5 16



931

5 23

31

Buss, Prophetic Word , 137-38

169

32
33 34

8 4 6 1 4 7 8
35

12

1 3 4

13
10 5 6

24
12 13

24.

32

Claude J. Peifer, The Marriage Theme in

Hosea, TBT 20 (1982): 139-44

33

Buss, Prophetic Word, 129

34

H. W. Wolff, Prophetische
Alternativen: Entdeckungen des Neuen im Alten Testament [Munich: Kaiser, 1982],
24-39 Von
Rad, OTT 2:140

35

Helen

Schngel-Straumann,

Gott

Quartalschrift 166 (1986): 119-34

170

als

Mutter

in

Hosea

11,

Theologische

10

9

9 4

11

2
5 1 2 3 4 1 13

10 2 6
9 9 10 12

36
1 3
45 2

36

Steve McKenzie, Exodus Typology in Hosea, ResQ 22 (1979): 100-108

171

9 37

9 4
38

9 39

16
9

37

Reidar B. Bjornard, Hosea 11: 8-9, Gods

Word or Mans Insight? Biblical Research 27 (1982): 16-25 Walther
Eichrodt

The Holy One in Your Midst: The Theology of Hosea, trans.
Lloyd Gaston, Int 15 [1961], 273

38

14
Steve McKenzie, The Jacob Tradition
in Hosea xii 4-5, VT 36 (1986): 311-22

39

Hendrikus Berkhof, Christian Faith: An Introduction to the Study of Faith , trans.

Sierd Woudstra, rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986), 131

9 G. von Rad, OTT 1:206

172

1 4 1
3, 4

15 11 32
40

41

40

Koch, Prophets 1: 89

41

Von Rad, OTT 2:
146

173

5 7 3 8 1

fer tili ty c ul ts
42

8 43

9
15 9 43

44

42

12
18 21 23

43

Moshe Weinfeld, Hosea and Deuteronomy, in

44

Anne Marie Sweet, A Theology of Healing, TBT 20 (1982): 145-49

Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomic School (Oxford: Clarendon, 1972), 366 -70
Dennis J. McCarthy
Prophets and Covenant Community, Jeev
11 [1981]: 105-12

174

14 23 5 8
45
46

20 5
47

25

26 27 2 9 17
21 22 5 8

48

45

J. Gerald Janzen

Metaphor and Reality in Hosea 11,
Semeia 24 [1982]: 7-44
Buss, Prophetic Word, 138

46

Dumbrell, CCOTT

47

16
20

Buss, Prophetic Word , 106

48

Eichrodt, The Holy One in Your Midst, 271

175

15
10 11 15 22 23

23
22 23
11 49

19 50

25.

49

E. Hammershaimb
Some Leading Ideas in the
Book of Micah, in Some Aspects of Old Testament Prophecy from Isaiah to Malachi
[Copenhagen: Rosenkilde Og Bagger, 1966], 29 -50

50

Mordechai A. Friedman, Israels Response in Hosea 2: 17b: You

Are My Husband, JBL 99 (1980): 199-204
ketubbah Jon D. Levenson, Sinai and Zion, 75-80

176

51

22 23
18
52
shal om 16 21 23 53

10 11 4 8

54
11 5 55

729-686
640-609

51

divine
Person
subject
Eichrodt, The
Holy One in Your Midst, 272

52

O. Palmer Robertson

The Christ of the Covenants [Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980], 111

53

Buss, Prophetic Word, 109

54

Gerald D. Swaim, Hosea the Statesman, in FS LaSor, 177-83

55

A. Gelston, Kingship in the Book of Hosea,

OTS 19 (1974): 71-85

177

1 5 9 14 18 19 25 17 18

25 26 10
6 13 7
1 26

36 38 10 12 9

56

33

56

Eichrodt, The Holy One in Your Midst, 263

Wolff, Hosea, 63

178

1 57

58
(1)
(2) (3)

59

(1)

2 1 3 1 4 ( 2 ) 9 1 4 1 6 1 7
(3) 60 (4) (5)
2 (6)

57

58

Leslie C. Allen, The Books of Joel, Obadiah, Jonah, and

Micah, NICOT (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976): 19-25; Harrison, IOT, 876-79

564-65 LaSor, OTS, 438-39; Childs, IOTS, 386-89 The

Date of Joel, by John Alexander Thompson, in FS Myers, 453-64

59

6 199 5
279-82 E. J. Young, An Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1964), 254-57

1996
360-64 G. L. Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction (Chicago: Moody
Press, 1974), 303-7

60

Ahlstrom, Joel and the Temple Cult of

Jerusalem, SVT 21 (Leiden: Brill, 1971): 1 -22

179