2d HV Schneider El Training 379

Safety
Training Documents 05-2009
Table of contents
Introduction Electrical damages Direct and indirect contact During intervention Causes of Electrical Accidents
SAFETY / 08.09
Illicit reproduction
Your electrical job would be easier if..

Your body was made of insulating materiel but unfortunately it is conducting electricity !! so, submitted to voltage, it will be crossed over by current Your body was made of fire resistant material, but unfortunately it burns !! So, close by electrical arcs, it will be damaged Your body was mechanically not vulnerable, but it is a fragile machine that cannot withstand violent mechanical stress
So the unique solution for you is to take care. After it will be too late
SAFETY / 08.09 Illicit reproduction
Basic precautions
No repairs or alteration should be carried out on any live equipment except where complete disconnection is not practicable No one should work on any live equipment unless protected by approved protective equipment or insulating devices Adequate precaution, such as locks on circuit breakers or switches, warning notices, sentries...must be taken to prevent electrical equipment from being electrically charged when work is being done
Caution : Violations of these recommendations Always lead to electrical accidents

Main risks, according to Accident type

Current flow trough body
Mechanical stimulation Internal burns & failures
Muscles contractions Lungs blocked Heart ventricular de-synchronization Members and crossed body flesh Venous system Kidneys and urinary system Brain Blood circuits (internal Haemorrhage) Flame burns (variable depth) UV's radiation burns (eyes, skin) Projection of burning fused material projection of objects during explosions Unexpected starts or stops Falling down or backwards or from ladders Burns due to new fire in building Toxic gases released (respiratory system)
Arc proximity or contact
External burns
Movements
Others
Fire escaping Chemical
SAFETY / 08.09
Your body is conducting electricity

Below 50 Volts skin impedance remains effective (approx 2000 )
Total impedance 2500 approximately 50V / 2500 = 20 mA = safe The skin resistance varies: it increases with the thickness of the keratinous layer it decreases with the contact surface, pressure, hydration, duration and voltage
Above 100Volts skin becomes fully conductive (flashed dielectric)

Remaining impedance: internal body only 650 100V / 650 = 150 mA Trip
Skin Internal body

average 650
(300 to 700)
VOLTAGE applied between 2 body points
Less than 100V dielectric withstand
SAFETY / 08.09
Voltages classification ( 14-11-1988 edition)
Alternative current
Continuous current
HTB
50000v 1000v 500v 50v
75000v
HTA
1500v
BTB
750v
BTA TBT
120v
SAFETY / 08.09
Features of the body according to current level crossing through
Current flowing trough body 1A 75 mA 30 mA 10 mA 0.5 mA Cardiac arrest Irreversible cardiac fibrillation threshold Respiratory paralysis threshold Non-release threshold, muscle contraction Perception threshold, very weak sensation
For average size person, and AC 50 Hz current

During how long can we safely withstand current flowing trough body
Zone 3 and 4 are dangerous, out of zone 1 and 2, circuit feeder should trip within time limits
ms
Current passage time t
10.000 5.000 1 2.000 2 3 4
sk Ri
sk Ri
1.000
e irr of
ac Re No
of
f fe sE ou er ng Da No
500
m te c ry ra po
rs ve
300
200 100 50
le ib
n tio
m da
ca dia ar
es ag
ct
or
st rre
re ar st
20 10 mA 50 100 200 500 1000 2000 5000 10A
IEC 60479-1 2005
0.1
0.2
0.5mA
10
20
30
Current flow through body

(from left hand down to feet)
SAFETY / 08.09
Internal damages from electric shock
Conducted electricity trough body parts will

Disturb or alter internal control signals from nervous system Energise wrong muscles, including vital ones, such as heart Burn body internal organs and tissues crossed, by impossibility to evacuate the heat generated
SAFETY / 08.09
Body reactions during, and soon after, electrical shock

Muscles
Flexing >> impossible to release contact with live parts Extensing >> backwards projection of body, >> induced wounds
Lungs
Tetanisation of breathing muscles >> fatal suffocation if persisting
Heart
Fibrillation and heart stop heavy probability only safe remedy: 48h under tight control
Kidneys and Myoglobin

When muscle is damaged, the myoglobin is released into the bloodstream. In large quantities, myoglobin can damage the kidney
SAFETY / 08.09
And some secondary reactions later after shock

Fatal risk, if not under control
Late Ventricular fibrillation (can occur and be fatal, at any moment within 48H after shock) only safe remedy: 48h under tight control
These secondary effects are more critical to detect, but should also lead to medical examination when occurring after an electrical accident
Skin problems Impaired earrings Dizziness Insomnia Depression Psychic troubles Memory loss
SAFETY / 08.09
External damages due to Electrical Arc

Electrical arc temperature can reach 15000 to 35000 C Electrical Arc will thus
Externally burn tissues by flame overheat Burn by UV radiation Project parts or fused material (at speeds nearing 400 Km per hour) Generate blasts from hot gases overpressure. The high pressures generated by an Arc blast can knock workers
Secondary effects can include later ocular problems
SAFETY / 08.09
Burns from LV short circuits arcs .!

On Dummy plastic face model
On real face, with safety goggles only

Accidents with MV most of the time cumulate shock and electric arc
Before physical contact is reached, voltage is flashing over between body point and live circuits
Arc is generated, and may further develop between phases Massive current flow is going through operator body due to high voltage compared to unchanged body impedance
Damages are often both internal and external
Thunder spike on foot
Electric arc (direct on body) Is usually fatal.

It can be identified from small surface deep perforation
SAFETY / 08.09
HV or MV ARC IMPACTS
On Leg In Hand
On Foot
On Shoulder
SAFETY / 08.09
Direct and indirect contact
Electrically shocked by direct contact between two live parts:

contact with an energized live part (direct contact) + contact with another energized live part (direct contact).
Frequent Ph or N Ph
No possible Protection !!!
If no earth leakage

Electrically shocked between a live part and earth
Contact with an energized live part (direct contact) + earth or earthed conductive part or an earthed phase
Very frequent N 1 2 3
SAFETY / 08.09
Protection against DIRECT contacts

Separation by distance
3m if service voltage < 57kV 5m if service voltage 57kV Distance
Separation by barriers, screen or insulation

IP2X or IPXXB Obstacles
Insulation (LV)
SAFETY / 08.09
Protection against DIRECT contacts (LV only)

Class II
Separation by a class II electrical equipment
SAFETY ELV Transformer
Service voltage reduced down to safety voltage

SAFETY ELV < 50 V
Quick disconnection of supply if earth fault detected (high sensivity RCD's)

30 mA
Very fast trip


Electrically shocked by contact with an accidentally energized conductive part + contact with another accidentally energized conductive part. Very rare N 1 2 3
SAFETY / 08.09

Electrically shocked by contact with an accidentally energized live part (indirect contact) + earth or earthed conductive part or an earthed exposed conductive part. Less and less frequent N 1 2 3
IxR=U
SAFETY / 08.09
Protection against INDIRECT contacts

Protection by automatic interruption of the power supply Earthing of all exposed conductive parts of electrical equipment and all accessible other conductive parts Two simultaneously accessible exposed conductive parts must be connected to the same earth terminal Automatic de-energizing of the faulty machine by a protection device (according to the earthing system choice) The protective device must operate with a compatible time
SAFETY / 08.09
Apart from any intervention

Maintenance engineers and management should make sure that proper danger and aid signalling is visibly installed, warning in understandable language
SAFETY / 08.09
During intervention
Risk is waiting for you, wear your PPE and use safety gear
SAFETY / 08.09
For a safe intervention,

You need (personal) Adequate professional electricity knowledge Adequate specific site activity safety training & habilitation Adequate electrical safety training and habilitation To be briefed about specific site organization, hazards, and safety instructions by local safety officer To have available with you, your general work-sites basic PPE safety helmet, shoes, glassesand your specific "electrician" PPE special facial shield, special gloves, locks, signs,.. And personal safety tools, such as insulated hand tools, LV voltage detectors
SAFETY / 08.09
How to avoid electrical accidents ?
You also need, or supply if missing, (common means to be available on site)

Kit of common electric safety tools and agreed means according to service voltage range MV substations: rescue sticks, voltage detectors, maneuvering insulated stick, insulating platform LV installations insulating mats, short-circuiting and earthing systems Common warning signs, safety lamps
SAFETY / 08.09
How to avoid electrical accidents ?
By observing simple electrical safety rules directed by common sense

Even if working practices are different from a country to another, GOLDEN RULES always apply.
By using simple, light and reliable electrical safety equipment
SAFETY / 08.09
Golden rules, before dead line intervention
1 . Select adequate equipment
2 . Separate work area from any voltage supply
3 . Lock out in open position all possible links to supply
4. Check absence of voltage on each conductor

SAFETY / 08.09
5. Short-circuit and earth every active conductor
6. Tag out , warn others and limit work place

MV Personnel Protective Equipment

26,5kV Maxi
20kV
17kV Maxi
26,5kV Maxi
SAFETY / 08.09
MV Safety Tools and equipment
45kV Maxi outdoor
45kV Maxi 24 or 40kV Maxi

MV Safety Tools and equipment 2
detector
Comparator
SAFETY / 08.09
Open air switchgear in indoor substation with accessible bare terminals
SAFETY / 08.09
Metal enclosed switchgear substation with plug-in insulated terminals
SAFETY / 08.09
Accident = Negligted behaviour some or many safety steps are by-passed
SAFETY / 08.09
You are professionals..!! You should know.!!
After it will be too late !
SAFETY / 08.09
from following RCA's, get used to detect, and efficiently fight the wrong behaviours leading to accidents
Analysis of causes of accidents (1)

Analysis of approximately 100 electrical accidents on LV installations, over a period of 15 years, shows the following split:
Field location
indoor workshops construction works sites others not specified
45 %
10 % (except frequent contacts with overhead LV or MV lines) 35 % 10 %
feeders machines, loads, tools, panels, enclosures, sockets
Equipment involved
With insulation faults 10 % 45 %
Except insulation faults 12% 36%
45 %
23 %
52%
See dangerous Panels on next pages
installation, modification, renovation troubleshooting cleaning (electrical parts) non-electrical work not specified
Type of occupation
42 %
2%
30 %
3%
SAFETY / 08.09
Causes of accidents analyses
Qualifications of injured personnel

sufficient qualifications insufficient qualifications 20 % qualifications unrelated to the accident 30 %
50 % Most part of victims have sufficient qualification !!!
death burns electric shocks
Consequences of the accident

32 % 42 % 36 %
Type of contact
direct contact indirect contact short-circuit not specified
45 % Contact with live conductors or parts

20 % contact with machines under insulation fault
30 % short circuit generated during works

5%
SAFETY / 08.09
EXAMPLE OF DANGEROUS PANEL TO ELIMINATE (Chillers power and control)

Yes, it runs!!
SAFETY / 08.09
Time to think to a new board. Or a new electrician ??
SAFETY / 08.09
Wrong methods, wrong end

Deadly shock from bare feeders of overhead crane
An electrician, in charge of replacing a rolling contact wheel on a 400V LV overhead crane, climbs up on the metal beam supporting the crane track, with the intention of carrying out a quick repair without switching off the feeding line and with no gloves on. By lack of attention, one of his hands comes in contact with one of the line conductors while his feet are resting on the beam. Stuck between line and beam, the worker will be found dead when the rescue team will finally reach him. Since the overhead crane track was earthed, the worker was subjected to a difference of potential, by direct contact between hand and feet, of 400/ 3 = 230 V.
Lesson
This job should have been done with power line off since no work should be done with the power on, unless the operating conditions make it dangerous or impossible to switch power off or if the nature of the work calls for power. In addition, ahead the power line , there should be a device able to switch off all the poles and to be locked in the open position, allowing work to be done with the power off without any risk of inadvertent reenergizing.
SAFETY / 08.09
Wrong gear, major burns
Measuring instrument in poor condition

While picking a voltage measurement in the control panel of a machine using his multimeter , the electrical repairman triggers a flash. His hand and face are burned. During inquiry, it is observed that the test probes, delivered with the multimeter at the origin, had been replaced by others, made locally, and stripped along several millimeters. When trying to reach one phase on a line contactor, the worker shorted two energized power phases terminals, with one of the stripped probes, causing a phase-to-phase powerfull short-circuit.
Lesson
The equipment used was inappropriate or in poor condition: the test probes should have been insulated along the entire length except one or two millimeters at tips level. Protection equipment was not worn ( gloves, facial screen,..) N.B. Several similar accidents occur due to: poor condition of multimeters cords, worn-out insulation of connectors: probes, clamps, plugs, etc... Particular care must be paid to maintain measuring instruments and accessories in perfect condition. The use of retractable type test probes is compulsory.
Never approach bare MV or HV

(safety distances 3 m below 57kV service voltage, and 5m above)
A company is repairing metal pipes on an outdoor site. Pipes are stored 80 m away from the running work place trenches, A worker is leading by hand the loads moved by a mobile crane on rubber tires. When the boom is fully raised and reasonably vertical, it's 7 m high above ground. Between pipes storage and work place, a live 50 kV overhead line crosses the crane's path. The lowest wire of the line is 8 m high above ground. To improve the stability of the moving crane, the hoist operator is driving the vehicle with the boom as vertical as possible, even though he could have carried these loads with lowered boom, such as maximum height could have been limited to 5 m above ground. Due to holes and hips of the track, the boom bounces and comes within 0.5 m from the lowest line wire. A double flashover occurs, one between boom and overhead line, and the other between ground and suspended load, through the flashed body of the worker guiding the load on the ground. The worker is thrown away on the ground, his dry clothes catch fire. Very heavily burned, he dies soon afterwards... Exposed between hand and feet to a voltage of 50 kV/3 the walking worker was electrocuted internally and burned externally, no survival chance left.
SAFETY / 08.09
So dont forget!
Wrong methods, wrong end Which one will you be ??

Thank you for your participation

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* Merci pour votre participation et rejoignez nous pour construire un nouveau monde lectrique.
Training MCset
Table of contents
Overview of Mcset Mcset range Measuring transformers for Mcset Withdrawable parts

Circuit breaker LF1, 2 and 3 Circuit breaker SF1 and 2 Circuit breaker Evolis Contactor Rollarc Switch DI
MCset safety systems MCset operating and main maintenance procedures Earth saving
Schneider Electric Training
Description
MCset is a switchgear in metal clad enclosure designed to produce the medium voltage of a high power substation up to 24 KV
MCset works with SF6 gas technology or vacuum All products comply with communication protocols : Modbus, Ethernet Every switchgears is drawable MCset ensures you

An easy installation A complete safe system Easy to operate and maintain Reduced maintenance
Overview of MCset
Bus bar
Low voltage control cabinet Sepam Withdrawable part (circuit breaker) Current transformer
Cables connections Voltage transformer compartment
Evolution of MCset
Belledone 1958
Fluair 1980
Venus 1987
MCset 1996
Cubicle for all functions
VPIS system
(Voltage Presence indicator System)

Pluggable device of 3 lights and capacitor divider Indicate the presence of tension on incoming cable (for incomer) or outlet cable( feeder) Synchro check With or without fuses
Mcset current and voltage ranges
MCset technical characteristics
Mcset dimensions cubicles
Protection and remote control

Sepam relay insure itself measure, control monitoring and protection. Power Logic (SMS) program allowed complete remote control of an installation by PC computer MCset switchboards can also be integrated in an other supervision system.
MCset range
AD type : incomer / feeder
1- Busbar for cubicles interconnections 2 -Withdrawable part (circuit breaker, contactor /fuse or disconnector switch/fuse) 3 -input/output connection box 4-Earthing switch 5-Current sensor 6-Voltage transformer (with fuse in option) 7-Low voltage auxiliaries (protection, monitoring and control)
CL-GL type: bus-coupler / bus-riser
CL-GL type
1- Busbar for cubicles interconnections 2 -Withdrawable part (circuit breaker, disconnector or earthing ) 3 -Current sensor 4-Voltage transformer (with fuse in option) 5-Low voltage auxiliaries (protection, monitoring and control)
TT type : Metering and busbar earthing
1- Busbars for cubicles interconnections 2 -Earthing switch 3 -Voltage transformers 4-Low voltage auxiliaries (protection, monitoring and control)
DI type : Switch fused feeder
1- Busbar for cubicles interconnections 2 -Switch and earthing switch 3 -MV fuses 4-Low voltage auxiliaries (protection, monitoring and control)
Functional unit type

MCset range is composed of 13 different functional cubicles The table below indicates the different functions depending on the need
Functional unit type

For example : to supply a motor with a circuit breaker The cubicle will be MF-B in an AD case
Measuring transformers
Measuring transformers for MCset
SEPAM Current transformers or LPCT Toroid (earth fault) Voltage transformers
Current transformers
Measuring CT :
Saturated zone Medium zone
Good accuracy close to nominal current Design to protect measuring devices (by saturation)
Linear Zone (no saturation)
Protection CT
Good accuracy for high current Wide range (tripping threshold)
One, two or three secondary(s)

Primary current from 50 to 2500 A Be careful of the direction between P1-P2 and S1-S2 (according to the drawing)
Protection CT features
600/5 A, 15 VA, 5P 10
Primary current Secondary current power(precision) Accuracy limit factor Accuracy class
Accuracy class
measuring : 0,2; 0,5 or 1 protection : 5 or 10
Accuracy limit factor

Ratio higher precise current / nominal current 10; 15; 20 or 30
CT wiring
Recommended Io minimum threshold: -0,30 In CT with DT curve -0,10 In CT with IDMT curve (or DT and H2 restraint )
This wiring not allowed residual current measurement
LPCT (Low power current transformer)

Secondary winding Primairy technology due to electronic relay New low consumption operation range Wide (ex: 5A - 1250 A) functions: measurement and 2 protection
Integrated shunt
Twisted cable with screen RJ45 plug
Accuracy guaranteed up to short circuit

(no saturation)
Directly connected to Sepam

Toroid CSH 120 and 200

Current transformer for earth fault
Same features for both except inside diameter (120 mm et 200 mm) Caution to the direction of the coil (P1- P2 and S1-S2 or arrow on the toroid) according to drawing Allowed only for insulated cable (low voltage insulation)
Toroid CSH 30

Design to convert CT output (1A or 5A) to Sepam residual current input Caution to the direction of the coil (P1- P2 and S1-S2 or arrow on the toroid) according to drawing
Residual current input

CSH 120 or 200
Ratio 1/470
CT 1A or 5A + CSH30
connected to CT secondary
Recommended for detection of very low default current
CT 1A : 2 Turn CT 5A : 4 Turn
Recommended Io minimum threshold : >1A

Recomended Io minimum threhold: 0,10 In CT (with DT curve)

CT 1A or 5A + CSH30
connected to CT secondary 1A: 2 turn 5A: 4 turn
Accuracy can be increase by 10 on Sepam by setting In0 = In/10
Recomended minimum threshold : 0,10 InCT (with DT curve)

ACE990 is an adaptator between MV toroid with a ratio 1/n (50 < n < 1500) and Sepam input This wiring allows to keep old toroid (in case of revamping for example) Range from 0,1 Ino to 15 Ino
Toroid CHS 120 and 200

Inside the shield of the incomer or out comer power cable a residual current can be generated due to various factors. This current could be enough to trip the Sepam(and the circuit breaker). Always re-passing through the toroid a cable connected to the shield. This way of cabling avoid troubleshooting tripping order.
i
Voltage Transformer
VT phase-neutral VT phase-phase Caution to the direction of the coil (P1- P2 and S1-S2 or arrow on the toroid) according to drawing 1, 2 or 3 transformer(s) Fuses integrated (option)
TP wiring
3 Tension phase-neutal (Standard drawing) 1 Residual tension(delta open)
Withdrawable parts for MCset
Withdrawable parts
CIRCUIT BREAKER LF 1 LF 2 LF 3 SF1 SF2 EVOLIS
CONTACTOR ROLLARC 400 ROLLARC 400D
EARTHING SWITCH
CONNECTOR TRUCK
Circuit breaker LF1, 2 and 3
Circuit breaker LF1, 2 and 3

Designed to operate until 17,5 KV Breaking in SF6 with self expansion technique 3 poles in a pressurized enclosure (1.5 bar) No filling is required Driven by energy accumulator which ensures very fast operation and a speed independent of the operator Operated by RI drive Included pressure sensor
Energy accumulator
Open Discharged
Open Charged
Close Discharged
Self-expansion technique
Two electrical contacts are inside a sealed chamber When these contacts are separated, the electric arc generated increases the pressure This overpressure creates a natural convection flow through the tubular contacts which is now open A magnetic field makes the arc spinning around the contact The field is created with a serial magnetic coil by the current of the short circuit The arc extended, blown and cooled by this technique, decreases rapidly and disappears
Self-expansion technique
Circuit breaker open Main Arcing contact contact are are opened opened Circuit breaker closed
LF1, 2, 3 envelope
Electrical contacts are inside a sealed chamber This chamber is composed of 3 independent sealed compartment with 3 overpressure valves SF6 is under a pressure of 1,5 bars Contains 3 molecular absorber
LF1, 2, 3 characteristics
RI Operating mechanism

Manual or powered by motor Driven by energy accumulator which ensures very fast operation and a speed independent of the operator Open/Close and charging/discharging indicator Number of operation counter With or without key to lock the circuit breaker (option) Trip with Mitop, shunt trip or/and under voltage coil
Tripping devices for MCset
Opening coil (also called opening release or shunt trip) Electric coil, single or double coil. Power supply AC or DC
Undervoltage : This release unit causes the opening of the circuit breaker when its supply voltage drops below a value less than 35% of the rated voltage. Power supply AC or DC
Mitop : low consumption release, with permanent magnet. Used only with the Sepam 100 LA, VIP 3000, Satimax Work without auxiliary power supply
RI drive characteristics
Circuit breaker wiring
Closing ( Sepam)
Ext ernal closing
External opening
Inhibit close ( Sepam) External inhibit close
Closing
Anti pumping relay
Opening
Trip circuit supervision

This function check the complete tripping circuit (equipped with shunt trip coil) and the auxiliary power supply
Normal circuit: Device D closed, input I11 is excited, input I12 is not excited. Device D open, input I11 is not excited, input I12 is exited. Default circuit : I11 and I12 get a different position After 200 ms if there is no change on I11 and I12 or if inputs I11 and I12 are not correct SEPAM send the message Control fault
Circuit breaker SF1 and 2
Circuit breaker SF1 and 2
Designed to operate until 24 KV Breaking in SF6 with self compression technique 3 poles in a pressurized enclosure (0,5 to 3,5 bar depending on the performance level) No filling is required Operated by GMH drive (with stored energy) Pressure sensor (option)
Self-compression technique
When the arcing contacts are separated, they drive (in a same axis) a piston. The SF6 gas compressed by this mechanism goes out of the chamber through a hole in front of the arc. The gas is exhausted with force and blows out off the electric arc
Self-compression technique
Circuit breaker closed Main contact are opened Circuit breaker open Arcing contact are opened
SF1 and 2 envelope
Leakage less than 0,3 % per year Molecular absorber Safety valve Underpressure sensor (or overpressure)
SF1 and 2 characteristics
GMH operating mechanism
Manual or powered by motor Driven by energy accumulator which ensure very fast operation and a speed independent of operator Open/Close and charging/discharging indicator Number of operation counter With or without key to lock the circuit breaker(option) Trip with Mitop, shunt trip or/and under voltage
GMH characteristics
Evolis circuit breaker
EVOLIS Circuit breaker

Designed to operate until 17,5 or 24 KV 3 poles in a vacuum enclosure (10-2 Pa) Breaking with AMF technique Very simple and compact interrupter maintenance is required for poles during No 30 years(no need for contact wear inspection)
by P2 or RI drive (with stored energy Operated accumulator)
Evolis casing
Frontal breaker are available in fixe or withdrawable version A fixed lateral version is equipped with an integrated protection chain (VIP control unit and current sensor
Evolis Interrupter

Two electrical contacts, one fixed and the other mobile in an sealed enclose The latter enable a high level of vacuum (less than 10-2 Pa) This type of enclosure provide a good insulation and allows to reduce the gap between the open contacts In order to keep the vacuum level required for the correct operation of the breaker during 30 years the choice of materials and the sealed of the chamber are very important Getter material are used inside to absorb the residual gas
Evolis AMF technique

In vacuum breaking, the electric arc generated is made up of plasma and metal vapour At low value of current, these vapours very quickly condense on the shield and the arc disappeared At high current, the electric arc switches to a concentrated mode which causes high localized temperature rises on contacts The AMF technique(axial magnetic field) involve applying an Axial Magnetic Field parallel to the axis of the two contacts which allows a diffuse arc to be maintained The arc energy is spread over the whole contact surfaces area, therefore causing very low levels of erosion
Evolis interrupter
In vacuum breaking, the electric arc generated is made up of plasma and metal vapour Two different size are available depending of the voltage The Axial Magnetic field is generated by A coil outside the interrupter for rated voltage up to 17,5 KV A coil integrated inside the interrupter contact structure for the 24 KV
P2 Operating mechanism

Manual or powered by motor Driven by energy accumulator which ensure very fast operation and a speed independent of operator Open/Close and charging/discharging indicator Number of movements counter With or without key to lock the circuit breaker(option) Trip with Mitop, shunt trip or/and under voltage Equipped with anti-pumping relay
P2 Operating mechanism devices
P2 Operating mechanism devices
Circuit breaker Evolis range
Evolis characteristics
Rollarc contactor
ROLLARC contactor
Designed to operate until 12 KV Breaking with rotating arc technique 3 separate pressurized poles with SF6 Electromagnetic operated mechanism HPC fuses with striker pin (trip the 3 contactor) Included pressure sensor
Rotating arc technique

Arc rotation is obtained by electromagnetic field (Laplace law) This field is created by a solenoid powered by the mains Arc is blown away and cooled as it spins in the gas The fast rotational movement makes the arc rapidly reduce This technique associated with SM6 gas allows very fast arc extinction Allowed to modulate the cooling speed according to current value This soft way of switching avoids tear-offs current and dangerous overvoltage (advantage for motors)
Rollarc pole unit
Each pole unit consists of:
A main circuit breaking circuit with A

arcing contact blowing coil
An operating mechanism
Electromagnetic coil and opening coil (mechanic latch for 400D) Electromagnetic coil and latching coil (Electro-magnetic latch for 400)
Rollarc 400, electrical drawing
Rollarc 400 D overview
1 : MV connections 2 : LV connections 3 : Auxiliary contacts 4 : Pressure Switch 5 : Electromagnetic drive 6 : Mechanical latch (R400D) 7 : Opening coil 8 : Fixing point 9 : Hard point 10: Description plate
ROLLARC contactor Endurance
ROLLARC characteristics
Rollarc 400 electrical drawing
Rollarc 400D electrical drawing
DI switch
DI SWITCH
Breaking capacity with SF6 3 pressurized poles (0.4 bar) Including earthing switch system with spring mechanism Drive (very fast operations ) Breaking by rotating arc ( magnet inside) SF6 regenerator inside Overpressure safety valve
DI operating mechanism
Breaking capacity with SF6 switch and earthing Disconnector switch Driven by lever or motor With spring accumulator Synoptic indicator Broken fuses indicator
CI2 drive for DI

Switch function
To close

With the lever or the motor, run the mechanism until the end. It compress a spring ON push button or the trip coil release the energy stored and close the contact very fast OFF push button or trip unit release the energy stored and open the contact
To open
Earthing switch function

To close
Operating energy is given by the compression of a spring which cause the closing of earthing contact after passed a neutral point Same as above
To open
CI2 drive parts
Mcset safety systems

By operating mechanism

Operating lever designed to stop any attempt to re-open before complete closing (for switch and earthing) Automatic padlock enables or disables the drive of switchgears key locking systems
By indication on the front panel

A synoptic is moving to indicate the status of the switchgear VPIS system (capacitor divider) indicates directly the presence of tension on the power cables
By internal protection

Metal clad enclosure Disconnector switch with earthing switch closure capacity Safety overpressure valve Evacuation system for hot gases which goes away from the operator from flaps
By internal arcing flaps detection (option)
Causes of internal fault

Forgetting tools on busbar after maintenance Very corrosive atmosphere Forcing interlocking Overvoltage due to lightning Dust Presence of animals Protection system fault Component malfunction
Overpressure discharge on MCset
flaps gas
Internal arc detection

Internal arc detector Limit the duration of the arc Limit the damage of the arc Flaps opening gas exhaust
gas flaps micro-switch
Internal arc detection
Flaps are opened + auxiliary contacts 20 ms
Signal treatment
Breaking
30 ms
90 ms
(Tripping coil supply at 85%)

Internal arc beginning Information is send to SEPAM Opening tripping order for circuit breaker
End of Internal arc
Total treatment time with flaps less than140 ms
Key lock systems A1 type
Key lock systems A1 type

Aim of locking
Prevent to close the earthing switch under power Access inside the cubicle without earthing OPERATIONS : Open and lock the Low Voltage circuit breaker. Key 0 is free Insert key 0 in earthing switch Open the disconnector switch Close the earthing switch Remove the front panel
Key lock systems C4D type
Key lock systems C4D type

AIM OF LOCKING Prevents to close the earthing switch under power Access inside the cubicle if earthing switch is not closed Access to the transformer if earthing switch is not closed OPERATIONS : Open and lock the Low Voltage circuit breaker. Key 0 is free Insert key 0 in earthing switch Open the Medium Voltage circuit breaker Open the disconnector switch Close the earthing switch Remove the front panel Take the S key inside the cubicle Insert the S key inside the shutters protection connector Remove the transformers protection
Heater resistor
when the cubicle is installed in a humid atmosphere or is de-energized for extended periods of time.
Description : One heater resistor 50 W/230 Vac. The heater resistor is controlled by a miniature circuit breaker. The heater is switched off when the contactor is energized.
Mcset maintenance
WARNING !
All the following operations described should be carried out with the safety regulation in force and under the responsibility of an authorized person. Always keep in mind that electricity or storage energy spring can cause serious injury in case of non compliance of safety procedure.
Maintenance level
According to AFNOR rules there are 5 different level of maintenance
First level : simple adjustments using accessible devices, without dismantling or opening the equipment Second level : troubleshooting resolved by standard replacement of spare parts and minor preventive maintenance operations Third level : identification and diagnosis of failures, repairs by replacement of spare parts and by following all standard preventive maintenance operations Fourth level : all major corrective or preventive maintenance work Fifth level: Retrofit, modification or major repair work assigned to a central workshop.
Maintenance program
MCset is designed for long life cycle with reduced maintenance. Only few operations are required under normal operating conditions (temperature between - 25 C and 55C, clean environment, normal humidity). If possible these operations should be carried out once a year or at least every tree years Operate the different functions Operate the key lock systems Clean and lubricate withdrawable parts Clean and lubricate earthing switch Check all fuses Clean MCset internal parts Measure wear of poles (if possible) Clean the exterior cubicle envelope and air vents. In case of forced ventilation, cleaning is imperative.
Withdraw circuit breaker from MCset

Open low power compartment and open auxiliary circuit breaker Make a discharge sequence: closing/opening/closing
Press the red button 1 and in the same time turn the button 2 in rotation position Plug the crank and turn anti clockwise until the end (turn back quarter turn to release the mechanism) Remove the crank Turn the button 2 in position withdraw Open the breaker door
Withdraw circuit breaker from MCset

Release the Harting plug, disconnect it and place it on the holder Place the truck and adjust it to plug the two pins in their fixing holes Lock the pins by turning their cranks and break the truck with pedals Turn the button 2 in release position Pull with both hands to extract the circuit breaker until the end Lock the breaker on the trolley by turning button 2 in position withdraw
Draw in circuit breaker from MCset
Re-connect truck to MCset and lock it with the two pin crank and breaks Push circuit breaker in its compartment until the end Lock it by turning the button 2 in withdraw position Release and remove the truck Re-connect the Harting plug (push the red button and cover) and close the front door Press the red button 1 and in the same time turn button 2 in rotation position Plug the crank and turn clockwise until the end (turn back quarter turn to release the mechanism) The synoptic plugged appears Remove the crank
Checking power connections
Every two years (for example If possible) checking power connections is suitable It means mainly (after switching off the power and earthing), to check with a torque test key that every busbarss bolts are correctly tightened Check also that all connection cables are correctly connected to the termination and that every bolt is correctly tightened
Lubrication parts
MCset is designed for long life cycle with reduced maintenance. No particular operation is required under normal operating conditions (temperature between -25 C and 55C, clean environment, normal humidity) However, if possible, clean and lubricate every 3 or five years the operating mechanism Oil , grease and cleaner characteristic
Mechanical grease : ISOFLEX TOPAZ L152 Mechanical lubricant : MOBIL VACUOLINE 133 or SAE 15W40 Electrical contacts grease: Vaseline MOTUL SUPRACO WP70 Cleaner : type SRB2 or SRB
Lubrication parts : Earthing switch

Be sure that Power is off in all the plugs (incoming and out coming bus bar !) Put electrical contact grease on the tree copper earthing contacts (orange arrow )
Grease the lever mechanism
Grease the connecting roads of the traction lever
Lubrication parts : Shutter
Withdraw circuit breaker from MCset Be sure that Power is off in all the plug (incoming and out coming bus bar !) Operate manually the shutters Clean and replace mechanical grease on shutter rail Clean and replace mechanical grease on operating mechanism (axis and bearing) Check that shutter and mechanism are running well
Lubrication parts : Power plugs

Withdraw circuit breaker from MCset Be sure that Power is off in all plug (incoming and out coming bus bar !) Operate manually the shutters Clean and replace electrical contact grease on the six male contacts Clean and replace electrical contact grease on the six female plugs
Lubrication parts : Propulsion system
Remove the withdrawable part(circuit breaker, contactor...) Clean and grease the 2 lockers Clean and grease the finger Clean and grease (if possible) the spinning arms
Replacement parts for circuit breakers

Parts to be replaced
Breaking parts Key lock Closing spring Closing coil Opening coil Motor reducer gear Micro switch M1, M2, M3 end of charging switch Anti pumping relays Auxiliary contacts Operating mechanism plate Under voltage release (with lifter) Mitop Operation counter OR CLIENT Or installation Or installation OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT
Operated by
Description
Exchange only
Replacement parts for Rollarc contactor

Parts to be replace
Switching parts Contacts insertion, draw in position, auxiliary Electronic board and relay support circuit Closing release Opening release KMO, KMF, KN relay LV and HV fuses Transformer operating mechanism HV fuse blowing contacts
Operated by
OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT OR CLIENT
Description
Exchange only
Compartment accessibility
Access to the inter-cubicle fixing screws
Access to the LV compartment
Access to bus bar
Access to the removable part Simplifies cable access
Access to the MV cables, earthing switch Access to the rear jacks via the service void or cable trench
Replacement parts normally operated by Schneider electric after sales service

Replacing the upper and lower busbar insulator holder Changing bus bar rating Replacing earthing switch clamps and blades Installing an earthing switch. Earthing switch operating mechanism Installing or replacing a zero-sequence toroid Installing VT function Increasing the number of cables Replacing shutters and operating mechanism Extracting cubicle from switchboard Adding flap padlocking Replacing capacitive insulator Replacing draw-in stud
Replacement parts available for customer
"Power On" indicator lights Key-locking Zero-sequence toroid Operations on the VT compartment: MV and LV contacts, MV fuses, etc. Humidity resistor (drying) Cable connection insulator holder Moving part carrier and position contacts Position contacts of the earthing switch and removable part Surge arrester Winding ratio on CT or VT transformer
Opening covers
Switching off and earthing MCset Discharging energy storage spring Open the front door Remove the HARTING plug Remove the white cover (6 screws) Remove the black panel (4 plastic clips on the back or 6 nylstop nuts )
RI operating mechanism
1 2
1. Electrical anti pumping relay Rotary auxiliary switch block Terminal block Shunt (or overcurrent) trip devices Geared motor (optional) Operating mechanism Low energy trip device (optional) Closing coil
3. 5. 7.
8 7
9. 11. 13.
15.
RI operating mechanism
Energy storage spring
9
10 Crank
10
11
End of charge switch
11
Lubrication parts for RI drive
Pump with the lever to compress the Closing spring until the end Grease the upper spring guide axis Grease all along the top rail spring guide Grease all along the bottom rail spring guide Grease the bottom spring guide axis
Lubrication parts for RI drive

Grease the connecting road of manual lever Grease the ratchet wheel
Grease the axis of motor gear (optional) Grease the ratchet wheel
Replacing closing coil

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker as shown before Open the front door Remove the operating mechanism cover The trip device is located inside the RI drive Mark the wiring and disconnect it
Remove the Coil (2 bolts) Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble
Replacing shunt trip coil

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the operating mechanism cover The trip device is located on the left side of RI drive Mark the wiring and disconnect it
Remove the Coil (2 bolts) Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble
Replacing auxiliary block switch

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the operating mechanism cover The auxiliary switch is located in the middle of RI drive (red circle) Mark the wiring and disconnect it
Remove the terminal bloc (arrow orange) by unscrewing 2 bolts
Replacing auxiliary block switch
Remove the spindle and the clip Remove the two nylon stop nuts
Remove the auxiliary block switch Remove the screw with its nylon stop nut and then the rectangular plate. Remove the crank and replace it on the new auxiliary switch block. Take care to replace the crank in the good position / axis (0 engraved on the spindle) Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble
Replacing end of charge switch

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the operating mechanism cover The switch on the left side of RI drive (bottom)
Mark the wiring and disconnect it Remove the switch (2 bolts) Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble. Take care when replacing bolts (tightening torque 0,15 mdaN).
Replacing anti pumping relay

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the operating mechanism cover The switch is placed on the top of RI drive Mark the wiring and disconnect it Slid a 7 mm spanner between the terminal block and relay Unscrew by few turn and disengage the relay (exit hole) To reassemble, engage the front pin first and proceed in reverse order
GMH DRIVE
2
1. 3. 5. Opening coil Closing coil Under voltage coil Closing spring Motor and reduction gear Latching unit
3 4
1 4
7. 9.
11.
Lubrication parts for GMH drive

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the 2 operating mechanism covers Pump with the lever to compress the closing spring until the end Grease the upper spring guide axis Grease all along the top rail spring guide Grease all along the bottom rail spring guide Grease the bottom spring guide axis Do the same for the left spring Grease all axis and bearings of drive

Grease the moving parts of manual lever (axis and bearing ) Grease the ratchet wheel
Grease the axis of the motor and reduction gear (optional) Grease the ratchet wheel
To access to latching unit, remove opening coil and key lock (option) Check BAUMAN clips Clean parts with lubricant cleaner and brush lubrify axis and bearing with lubricant cleaner and brush
Replacing closing coil

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the operating mechanism cover The trip device is located inside the GMH drive Mark the wiring and disconnect it Unscrew the 2 fixing bolts and remove the coil
Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble Tighten torque 13 Nm Check that the half moon B release well the lever A during tripping
Replacing shunt trip coil

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the 2 operating mechanism covers The trip device is located inside RI drive Mark the wiring and disconnect it
Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble Tighten torque 13 Nm Check that the half moon B release well the lever A during tripping
Replacing end of charge switch

Switch off and earth MCset Discharging energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the 2 operating mechanism covers The switch is on the left side of GMH drive (top) Remove the 2 closing springs Remove the top axis of left closing spring Mark the wiring and disconnect it Remove the 2 switch holders fixing screws and their washers Remove assembly and exchange switch Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble. Take care when replacing bolts (tightening torque 2,8 Nm for switch and 6 Nm for metal holder )
Replacing anti pumping relay
Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the 2 operating mechanism covers The switch is placed between the 2 auxiliary block switches Mark the wiring and disconnect it Unscrew the 2 nuts and washers. Remove the relay Proceed in the reverse order to reassemble Tighten torque 2 Nm
Replacing under voltage coil

Switch off and earth MCset Discharge energy storage spring from circuit breaker Open the front door Remove the 2 operating mechanism covers The trip device is located inside GMH drive Mark the wiring and disconnect it Remove the coil (2 screw) Proceed in reverse order to reassemble Tighten torque 13 Nm Make sure when magnetic toroid is closed that the gap between cylinder and tripping lever (after screwing) is about 1 mm
Thermal diagnosis system

To reduce maintenance costs in MV substations, this system continuously monitors temperature rise.
The different temperatures are measured on most sensitive area and send by optic fiber to the control unit. The sensors are located on power cable connections and on top MV fuse holders. Optical fibres, avoid to introduce any risks of insulation or disturbance.
Functions:
Permanent monitoring of temperature Tripping of a pre-alarm, then an alarm by activating dry contact outputs, Indication of the zone and circuit involved.
Earth saving
All MCset products have been designed to be easily recycled to reduce the impact on our environment
Recycling center Service Gnraux Environnement 38V. Varces ZAC Champs St Ange 38760 Varces Allire et Risset. Tel +33(0)4 76 39 88 43

And join us to build a new electric world *
http://schneider-electric.fr
* Merci pour vot re part i ci pat i on et rej oi gnez nous pour const rui re un nouveau m onde l ect ri que.
Training Motorpact
Table of contents
The Motorpact Direct stator starting on full voltage (FVNR) Reduced voltage by auto-transformer Reduced voltage by soft starter Motorpact in focus Motorpact single line diagram Motorpact compartments Current and voltage transformers Operating panel Motorpact Safety systems Earth saving
What is Motorpact ?
Motorpact is a motor starter modular cubicle. It is designed for 3 phases asynchronous motors up to 7,2 KV and 3800 kW. It is fully tested for internal arc withstand. The MV starter and motor are the links between the electrical network and the mechanical load
What is Motorpact ?
Network Motor starter
Protections
Motor
Load
Overcurrent Thermal protection ...
The main functions of a MV motor starter are to start and protect MV motors The motor starter must also be designed to limit the constraints to the network and the load
Typical starter Applications
- Offshore platforms - Refineries - Mines - Cement plants - LPG carriers and cruise - Treatment plant....
Chillers Pump Compressor Conveyor Fans Blower Chipper Capacitor Bank Transformer etc...
When using MV Motor Starter ?
Medium voltage motor starters are normally used to drive induction motors (Squirrel Cage) 300 KW (400 horsepower) and up because they do so at lower cost than LV Motor starters. P=E*I, when E is large, I is smaller. Therefore, cables can be smaller and cheaper. I2R losses are also lower, so operating costs will be less expensive. In some case the cost of MV/LV transformers can also be eliminated.

E : Electro Motive Force (in Volts) I : Current (in Amperes) P : Power (in Watts) R : Resistance (Ohms)
In some cases the cost of MV/LV transformers can be eliminated.
Direct stator starting on full voltage (FVNR)

Main contactor Motor Load
Protection
Locked rotor current on starting is around 4 to 7 In depending on motor characteristics. Starting time of 1 to 10 seconds depending on the moment of total inertia (motor + machine) motor torque and load torque. The network must be able to withstand to starting current without disturbing other loads. The machine being driven must be able to withstand to mechanical impact due to the motor torque. This mode is very popular (simple, robust, not expensive).
Reduced voltage by auto-transformer

Auto-transformer CT1
Protection
Motor
Load
CT2 CT3
CT1 : Start Contactor CT2 : Main Contactor CT3 : Run Contactor
This system is recommended for high power motors. It has the advantage of not dissipate energy. It can be used to obtain, for the same decrease in current, less reduction in torque than with the reactor starter.
Reduced voltage by soft starter
Protection
Soft Starter
Motor
Load
Main contactor
By pass contactor
The soft starter is a solid state device which controls the motor during start-up. Different starting mode are available depending on the application. When the motor is running a contactor shunts the electronic starting module.
Reduced voltage by soft starter

Main contactor
Protection Soft Starter
Motor
Load
Main contactor Advantages

By pass contactor
Reduction of starting current Reduction of starting torque and mechanical shock(the torque may be adjusted to the resistant torque) It is a solution when auto-transformer motor starter is not possible. But it is not a variable speed starter
Motorpact in focus
Low voltage control cabinet Busbar compartment Line disconnector Operating panel
Load compartment
MV fuses
Vacuum contactor
Motorpact single line diagram

1-Earthing switch 2-Disconnector switch 3-H.P.F fuses 4-Withdrawable contactor 5-Current sensors 6-V.P.I.S 7-Second earthing switch 8-Voltage transformer 9-Second current sensor 10-Lighning arrester
Low voltage compartment
Compartment for control unit, monitor

Protection relay Sepam series 20, series 40 et series 80 Sepam 100 MI for drive and signalisation Power Meter or Circuit Monitor (Power Logic System) All drive devices
Insulated from other compartments

Disconnector/earthing switch compartment

2 positions
Closed or earthed
Mechanical drive
Earthing switch operated by a spring Closing interlock (allowed operation if MT door is closed and contactor is open)
Glass windows (visual check)

with Internal light for check (option)
Heavy duty (5000 movements) Include holders for power fuses
Bus bar compartment
Bus bar up to 3150 A Insulated or not Mounting directly on disconnector switch Short time current withstand
50 kA / 2s
Access to busbar by low voltage compartment (for maintenance)
Bottom compartment
The door can only be opened if contactor is open and earthing switch is closed Composed of:
Earthing switch with its glass windows Power fuses Vacuum contactor Current transformers LPCT Incoming or out coming connections
Option
MV transformer for Masterpact power supply Voltage transformer Lightning arrester Voltage presence indicator (VPIS)
MV fuses
MV power fuses are used for short circuit current protection. Contactor are used only for switching on and off the load on normal current
Fuses HPC (High Cutting Power) : Easy to access and check Special fuses for motor or other load

315 A maximum with simple fuses or 2 x 250 A maximum (double fuses)
Breaking capacity : 50 KA Blowing fuse indicator FuselogicTM open the tree poles of the contactors
Fuselogic (option)
Bowled fuse indicator

Indicate the state of the fuse Indicate the presence or not of the fuse Trip contact for protection relay back up
Glass windows in access door for visual check
Vacuum contactor
200, 400 or 450 A vacuum contactor Pluggable contactor truck Heavy duty plugs Light and compact ( 25 kg easy to handle) Electromagnetic drive Mechanical or magnetic latching Simple, reliable and very easy to use
Vacuum contactor
Control terminal blocks with drive unit
Closing coil
Load connections
Auxiliary switch
Indicator Open/close
Contactor features
Drawable contactor
Position embroche
Open the bottom door
PullRail the sorti rail guide
Position dbroche Extract the contactor
Withdrawable plugs
Heavy duty plugs

Heating duty tests
400 A permanent current
Mechanical duty
Contact plug
500 movements
Bottom compartment Power cables

Outlet by the bottom or the top Free space for power cables on the back Access by the front or by the rear
Bottom compartment SMALT (option)
Capotage Formex
Extrmits cbles
Measuring transformer
Current transformer or LPCT
Voltage transformer optional for measuring and protection
Voltage transformer optional for drive (CPT), with fuse protection
Fuses and holder for transformer
LPCT
The LPCT is the standard current sensor for Motorpact. It consists of a three core voltage current sensor mounted inside a block. The LPCT is compatible with Sepam series 20, 40 or 80 digital relays and provide the required performance for the protection and measuring functions. Due to its linearity, this sensor covers the entire operating range.
LPCT Characteristics
Accuracy
Current
Alternatively, Motorpact can be supplied with a three core phase CT. This CT is optimised for Sepam digital relays and will provide good performance and protection for the system. It is essential to verify, especially in case of rating change (change in motor power for instance), that dimensioning rules are satisfied.
Current transformer features
Zero sequence current transformer
Three types of zero sequence current transformer (ZSCT) may be used: Internally mounted zero sequence CT Internally mounted CSH 280 Internally mounted CSH 120 and 200
Heater resistor
Heaters are required to prevent condensation when the cubicle is installed in a humid atmosphere or is de-energized for extended periods of time.
Description : One heater resistor 50 W/230 Vac. The heater resistor is controlled by a miniature circuit breaker. The heater is switched off when the contactor is energized.
Thermal diagnosis system

To reduce maintenance costs in MV substations, this system continuously monitors temperature rise.
The different temperatures are measured on most sensitive area and send by optic fiber to the control unit. The sensors are located on power cable connections and on top MV fuse holders. Optical fibres, avoid to introduce any risks of insulation or disturbance.
Functions:
Permanent monitoring of temperature Tripping of a pre-alarm, then an alarm by activating dry contact outputs, Indication of the zone and circuit involved.
Option Transparent Ready
Ethernet
Motorpact front panel
WARNING !
All the following operations described should be carried out with the safety regulation in force and under the responsibility of an authorized person. Always keep in mind that electricity or storage energy spring can cause serious injury in case of non compliance of safety procedure.
Operating panel
The operating front panel comprises different control and indicating elements: Control Run and Stop pushbuttons, Indicating lights Local-remote switch (optional), Mimic diagram, VPIS Operating sequence, Open closed indicator, Running time meter (optional), as well as voltage presence indication system. A viewing window and a pushbutton for the disconnector and load compartment back light.
Operating panel (interlocking)
The operating front panel allows control, interlocking and padlocking: earthing switch operator, earthing switch key interlock, disconnector operator, disconnector key interlock, disconnector padlock provision, earthing switch padlock provision.
Voltage presence indicator system VPIS (option)
A pluggable device with 3 lights and a capacitor divider indicates the presence of voltage on power cables Synchro check With fuses holder (or not) Indicate the presence of tension on incoming cable for incomer cubicle and on outlet cable for feeder cubicle
Motorpact Safety systems
Causes of internal fault

Forgetting tools on busbar after maintenance Very corrosive atmosphere Forcing interlocking Overvoltage due to lightings Dust Presence of animals Protection system fault Component malfunction

By operating mechanism

Operating lever designed to stop any attempt to re-open after being closed (for switch and earthing) Automatic locker enables or disables the drive of switchgears key locking systems
By indication on the front panel

Symbol is moving to indicate the status of the switchgear VPIS system (capacitor divider) indicates directly the presence of tension on the power cables
By internal protection

Metal clad enclosure (option). Access type AFLR Double earthing switch Safety overpressure valve Evacuation system for hot gases which goes away from the operator with top flaps
Overpressure discharge
Overpressure gas flaps
Rear panels locked and screwed
Earth saving
All MCset products have been designed to be easily recycled to reduce the impact on our environment
Recycling center Service Gnraux Environnement 38V. Varces ZAC Champs St Ange 38760 Varces Allire et Risset. Tel +33(0)4 76 39 88 43
T hank you for your participation

A nd join us to build a new electric world *
http:/ / schneider -electric.fr
Training Sepex
Table of content
The loads and their constraint Switchgears and Sepam ANSI codes The Sepam protection relay Measuring transformers for Sepam Tripping devices Additional modules Sepam front panel
Table of content (following)
Sepam wiring and installation Software SFT 2841 Measurements functions Protection functions Disturbance recording SEPAM maintenance
The loads and their constraints
Different types of electrical faults

In the industry, wide networks and great diversity of mechanism can cause a lot fault and malfunction. These default can be generate by various factor such as insulation default, overload, short circuit We will separate these troubleshooting by origin :
Transformator faults Motor faults Generator faults Capacitor faults Busbars faults Substation faults
Transformator faults
Defaults and phenomena
Short-circuit
Impacts
Protections
Coil destruction Fame or tank destruction Magnetic circuit destruction
Max In I-50/51 Transformator differential - 87T Buchholz - 63 DGPT2- 63 Io Max - 50N/51N Earth differential restraint - 64 REF Earth thank - 50G/51G Max In- 50/51 Thermal image- 49RMS Temperature- 49T
Earth fault
Coil destruction Magnetic circuit destruction
Overload
Insulator destruction Reduction of duty
Start up pick with TC saturation
Randomize trip of protections H2 restraint
Transformer inrush current
Transfo magnetizing with TC measurement
Buchholz protection relays
Protection for breathing oil transformer Again internal fault

Slow leakage of gas make the float F1 moving down =Alarm Violent outlet of gas or dielectric liquid leakage make the float F2 = Switch off power supply
DGPT2 or DMCR protection relays

Protection for sealed oil transformer Against internal fault
Slow leakage of gas make the float F1 moving down =Alarm Overpressure (above 0,2 bars) make the float F2 moving up =Switch off power
Against overload (overheat)

Temperature threshold 1 =Alarm (above 90C) Temperature threshold 2 =Switch off power (above 100C)
Motors faults
Defaults
Upstream
Under voltage Unbalance current
Impacts
Current increase Overheat
Protections
Min voltage- 27 Max In- 50/51 Max reverse factor- 46 Thermal Image -49RMS Max In- 50/51 Machine differential - 87M Max Io- 50N/51N Pole slip- 78 PS Thermal image - 49RMS Excessive starting time - 48 Locking rotor -51LR I Mini -37
Inside
Short circuit Earth fault De-synchronized Overload Start too long Blocking rotor Pump cavitations
Coil destruction Magnetic circuit destruction Speed too low Over current Overheat Mechanical failure Pump destruction
Downstream
Use
Number of start per hour
Overheat
Number of start per hour limitation- 66
Motor starting curve
Protection relay
Protection against short-circuit (magnetic)
Id (2 to 2,5 In pic) Id (6 to 9 In RMS)
Generator faults
Defaults
Short-circuit
Impacts
Protections
Max I 50/51 Machine differential -87M Voltage restrain phase over current - 50V/51V Max Io 50N/51N Restricted earth fault - 64 REF Neutral voltage displacement- 59N Pole slip - 78PS Under impedance 21B Under and over frequency - 81H/81L Under voltage - 27 Overvoltage - 59 Directional active overpower - 32P Unbalance - 46 Max de tension 59
Earth fault
Loss of synchronization
Over speed Reactive power (motor) Overheat Overheat Engine performance Output voltage Mechanical stress Overheat
Regulation fault
Active power return Unbalance
Generator short-circuit curve
generator with excitation compound Generator with serial excitation
fault
Capacitor bank fault

This is your turn : Defaults Impacts Protections
Internal short circuit
Reduce capacity value
Overload
Reduce duty life
Earth fault Overvoltage
Insulator destruction Unbalance current Insulator destruction Reduce duty life
Other type of troubleshooting (network)

Overload
In temps
Over heating Voltage drop
Over voltage (peak)
short circuit Saturation
Over speed Destruction
Under voltage
V Ur temps
Current increase Overload
Overheat
Frequencies shift, harmonics, Ur transiting phenomena's
temps
Overheat Disturbation
Switchgears and SEPAM
Switchgears and protection relay

Isolate Operate services current yes yes no yes no Operate short circuit current yes no no no yes
Circuit breaker Interrupter Disconnecteur Contactor Fuse
no no yes no no
ANSI codes
ANSI codes
ANSI code 12 14 21 21B 24 25 6 27 27D 27R Functions name Overspeed Underspeed Distance protection Underimpedance Flux control Synchro-check Thermostat Undervoltage Positive sequence undervoltage Remanent undervoltage Definition Detection of rotating machine overspeed Detection of rotating machine underspeed Impedance measurement detection Back-up phase-to-phase short-circuit protection for generators Overerfluxing check Check before paralleling two parts of the power system Protection against overloads Protection for control of voltage sags Protection of motors against operation with insufficient voltage Check on the disappearance of voltage sustained by rotating machines after the power supply is disconnected Detection of stator winding insulation earth faults (impedant neutral) Protection against active overpower transfer Protection against reactive overpower transfer 3-phase protection against undercurrent Protection against active under power transfer Protection against reactive under power transfer Protection against overheating of rotating machine bearings
27TN 32P 32Q 37 37P 37Q 38
Third harmonic undervoltage Directional active overpower Directional reactive overpower Phase undercurrent Directional active under power Directional reactive under power Bearing temperature monitoring
ANSI codes
40 46 47 Field loss Negative sequence / unbalance Negative sequence overvoltage Protection of synchronous machines against faults or field loss Protection against unbalanced phase current Negative sequence voltage protection and detection of reverse rotation of rotating machines 48 - 51LR Excessive starting time and locked rotor Protection of motors against starting with overloads or reduced voltage, and for loads that can block 49 49T 50 50BF 50N or 50G 50V Thermal overload RTDs Instantaneous phase over current Breaker failure Instantaneous earth fault Instantaneous voltage-restrained phase over current 50/27 51 51N or 51G Inadvertent generator energizing Delayed phase overcurrent Delayed earth fault Detection of inadvertent generator energization 3-phase protection against overloads and short-circuits Protection against earth faults with 3 CTs or a single sensor (CT or core balance CT) 51V 59 59N Delayed voltage-restrained phase overcurrent Overvoltage Neutral voltage displacement 3-phase protection against short-circuits with voltage-dependent threshold Protection against excessive voltage or sufficient voltage detection Insulation fault protection Protection against overloads Protection against overheating of machine windings 3-phase protection against short-circuits Checking and protection if the circuit breaker fails to trip after a tripping order Protection against earth faults with 3 CTs or a single sensor (CT or core balance CT) 3-phase protection against short-circuits with voltage-dependent threshold
ANSI codes
63 64REF 64G 66 67 67N/67NC Pressure Restricted earth fault differential 100% generator stator earth fault Successive starts Directional phase overcurrent Directional earth fault Detection of transformer internal faults (gas, pressure) Earth fault protection for star-connected 3-phase windings with earthed neutral Detection of stator winding insulation earth faults (impedant neutral power systems) Protection function that monitors the number of motor starts 3-phase short-circuit protection according to current flow direction Earth fault protection depending on current flow direction (NC: Neutral compensated) 78 78PS 79 Vector shift Pole slip Recloser Vector shift disconnection protection Detection of loss of synchronization of synchronous machines Automated device that recloses the circuit breaker after transient line fault tripping
81H 81L 81R 87B 87G 87L 87M 87T
Overfrequency Underfrequency Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) Busbar differential Generator differential Line differential Motor differential Transformer differential
Protection against abnormally high frequency Protection against abnormally low frequency Protection for fast disconnection of two parts of the power system 3-phase protection against busbar internal faults 3-phase protection against internal faults in AC generators 3-phase protection against line internal faults 3-phase protection against internal faults in motors 3-phase protection against internal faults in transformers
The SEPAM protection relay
Sepam presentation
The SEPAM (System Electronic for Protection Automation and Measurement is a powerful programmable digital protection relay. It is design to measure, analyze and monitor current, tension, frequency, temperature in order to drive a switchgear, a contactor This architecture fit any industrial application with motors, generators, capacitors banks, networks
The Sepam range is composed by 3 family: Sepam series 20 Sepam series 40 Sepam series 80
It provide a complete, simple and reliable solution.
Sepam multifunction unit

CT, VT Probes
Sepam
Measurements
Digital input
Protections functions Control command (local, remote) Diagnostic Alarme Max de I
Local drive, P.C Supervision
Communication Datation Watchdog (auto-control)
OK
Sepam application
Simplicity and performance
Sepam series 80 Sepam series 40

High-performing solutions for demanding applications Intelligent solution for complex applications
Sepam series 20
Simple solutions for common applications
Sepam series 20
Metering and protection current or voltage 10 logical inputs (opto-coupler) 8 logical outputs (relay)
1 Modbus communication port 8 temperature probe inputs 2 oscilloperturbographie records Control matrix One software : SFT2841
Sepam series 20
Sepam series 40
Metering and protection current, voltage , power, directional... 10 logical inputs (optocoupleurs) 8 logical outputs (relays)
1 Modbus communication port 16 temperature probes inputs Control matrix One software : SFT2841 One equation editor (logical equations) Several oscilloperturbographie records
Sepam series 40
Sepam series 80
Metering and protection current, voltage , power, directional, differential... 42 logical inputs (optocoupleurs) 23 logical outputs (relays) 2 Modbus communication port 16 temperature probes inputs Control matrix One software : SFT2841 One equation editor or Logipam (option) Several oscilloperturbographie records Memory cartridge and backups battery
Sepam series 80
Sepam series 80
UMI types
Series 20 Series 40
Series 80
Measuring transformers
Measuring transformers for Sepam
SEPAM Current transformers or LPCT Toroid (earth fault) Voltage transformers
Measuring CT :
Saturated zone Medium zone
Good accuracy close to nominal current Design to protect measuring devices (by saturation)
Linear Zone (no saturation)
Protection CT
Good accuracy for high current Wide range (tripping threshold)
One, two or three secondary(s)

Primary current from 50 to 2500 A Be careful of the direction between P1-P2 and S1-S2 (according to the drawing)
Protection CT features
600/5 A, 15 VA, 5P 10
Primary current Secondary current power(precision) Accuracy limit factor Accuracy class
Accuracy class
measuring : 0,2; 0,5 or 1 protection : 5 or 10
Accuracy limit factor

ratio higher precise current / nominal current 10; 15; 20 or 30
CT wiring
Recommended Io minimum threshold: -0,30 In CT with DT curve -0,10 In CT with IDMT curve (or DT and H2 restraint )
This wiring not allowed residual current measurement
LPCT (Low power current transformer)

Secondary winding Primairy technology due to electronic relay New low consumption operation range Wide (ex: 5A - 1250 A) functions: measurement and 2 protection
Integrated shunt
Twisted cable with screen RJ45 plug
Accuracy guaranteed up to short circuit

(no saturation)
Directly connected to Sepam
Toroid CSH 120 and 200

Same features for both except inside diameter (120 mm et 200 mm) Caution to the direction of the coil (P1- P2 and S1-S2 or arrow on the toroid) according to drawing Allowed only for insulated cable (low voltage insulation)
Toroid CSH 30

Design to convert CT output (1A or 5A) to Sepam residual current input Caution to the direction of the coil (P1- P2 and S1-S2 or arrow on the toroid) according to drawing

CSH 120 or 200
Ratio 1/470
CT 1A or 5A + CSH30
connected to CT secondary
Recommended for detection of very low default current
CT 1A : 2 Turn CT 5A : 4 Turn
Recommended Io minimum threshold : >1A
Recomended Io minimum threhold: 0,10 In CT (with DT curve)

CT 1A or 5A + CSH30
connected to CT secondary 1A: 2 turn 5A: 4 turn
Accuracy can be increase by 10 on Sepam by setting In0 = In/10
Recomended minimum threshold : 0,10 InCT (with DT curve)
ACE990 is an adaptator between MV toroid with a ratio 1/n (50 < n < 1500) and Sepam input This wiring allows to keep old toroid (in case of revamping for example) Range from 0,1 Ino to 15 Ino
Toroid CHS 120 and 200

Inside the shield of the incomer or out comer power cable a residual current can be generated due to various factors. This current could be enough to trip the Sepam(and the circuit breaker). Always re-passing through the toroid a cable connected to the shield. This way of cabling avoid troubleshooting tripping order.
Voltage Transformer
VT phase-neutral VT phase-phase Caution to the direction of the coil (P1- P2 and S1-S2 or arrow on the toroid) according to drawing 1, 2 or 3 transformer(s) Fuses integrated (option)
TP wiring
3 Tension phase-neutal (Standard drawing) 1 Residual tension(delta open)
Analog input for Sepam series 80

Input available on all Sepam series 80:
3 phases current 1 residual current 3 phase voltage 1 residual voltage l1, l2, l3 l0 V1, V2, V3 V0
Input available according to the type of Sepam 80

3 other phases current 1 other residual current 3 other phases voltage 1 other residual voltage l1, l2, l3 l0 V1, V2, V3 V0
Tripping devices for SEPAM
Tripping devices for SEPAM
Opening coil (also called opening release or shunt trip) Electric coil, single or double coil. Power supply AC or DC
Undervoltage : This release unit causes the opening of the circuit breaker when its supply voltage drops below a value less than 35% of the rated voltage. Power supply AC or DC
Mitop : low consumption release, with permanent magnet. Used only with the Sepam 100 LA, VIP 3000, Satimax Work without auxiliary power supply
Additional modules for SEPAM
Sepam modular architecture

Series 20 or 40 Series 80
Function enhance by optional modules

To exactly fit your needs To easily involve in the future
Add inputs and outputs Sepam series 20, 40

MES 114 module Add to Sepam
10 digital input 4 output relays
3 types
MES 114, inputs voltage from 24 to 250 V DC MES 114 E, input voltage from 110 to 250 V DC or AC MES 114 F, input voltage from 220 to 250 V DC or AC
MES 114
Input /output wiring (for Sepam 20)
Add input and output Sepam series 80

Module MES 120 Addition of modules with 14 logic inputs 6 output relays 3 Types Only direct current general case, without immunity constraint MES120 auxiliary supply 100 or 110V VDC MES120H auxiliary supply >200V VDC MES120G Up to 3 modules Maximum configuration: 42 inputs (3 x 14) 23 outputs (3 x 6 + 5)
MES 120
Logic input 120H
MES 120
MES 120G
MES
Input wiring (for Sepam 80)

Function
Circuit breaker closed Circuit breaker open Logic blocking reception 1 Logic blocking reception 2 Coupling eneble (ANSI 25) SF6 Pressure default Opening order Closing order Inhibit recloser Buchholz trip Thermostat trip Over pressure trip Thermistor trip Buchholz Alarm Thermostat trip
Input
I101 I102 I103 I104 I104 I105 I106 I107 I108 I108 I109 I110 I111 I112
Function
Pressur alarm Selector on circuit breaker position (ANSI10) Selector on coupling position (ANSI 10) Selector on auto (ANSI 43) Selector on manual local position (ANSI 43) Opposite side closed Opposite side open Correct voltage opposite side CT opposite side prohibited (local) Automatic closing order Coupler open coupler closed Coupler closed latched Coupler closing order
Input
I114 I201 I202 I203 I204 I205 I206 I207 I208 I209 I210 I211 I212 I213 I214
I113
Coupling prohibited (local)
Output wiring (for Sepam 80)

Functions Outputs
All logic outputs can be modify according to the installation drawing with software SFT2841 The setting is done with SFT 2841 Menu Sepam setting Input / output
Acquire temperatures
MET148-2 module Measurement of 8 temperatures By Pt100, Ni100 or Ni120 RTD To protect transformers, motors and generators Number of modules per Sepam Series 20: 1 Series 40: 2 Series 80: 2
MET 148-2 (Temperature)

Line impedance matching (interlinking of modules)

Connection of temperature sensors to screw-type terminals

RC: if the module is not the last one RC: if the module is the last one
Cross-section of 0.2 to 2.5 mm Maximum distance: 1 km Use shielded cable Connect the shielding at the module end Do not connect the shielding at the sensor end
Selection of the module number

MET1: 1st module MET2: 2nd module (Series 40 and 80 only)
Compulsory connection of the earthing terminal

2.5 mm cable with 4 mm ring lug Length < 200 mm
Add analogue output
MSA141 module Choice of measurement via SFT2841 Transmission format

0-10mA 0-20mA 4-20mA
1 module per Sepam
MSA 141 (Analogue output)


Connection of the analog output to screw-type connector

Cross-section of 0.2 to 2.5 mm Maximum load impedance: 600 Use shielded cable Connect the shielding at the module end only

Modules interlinking
Principle

D on Sepam Da on module Dd on module Da on following module
DSM303
Rules for series 20 & 40

3 modules maximum DSM303 modules at end of chain The MSA141 module must be the first in the chain
Rules for series 80

3 modules maximum per chain 2 chains maximum DSM303 and MCS025 modules at end of chain Special CCA785 cord for connection of MCS025
Da
Dd
Da
Dd

RC: if the module is not the last one rc: if the module is the last one
MSA141
MET148-2
Communication with a network
Modbus interfaces
ACE949-2: 2-wire RS 485 ACE959: 4-wire RS 485 ACE937: Optic fiber
Number of interfaces that can be connected:
Series 20: 1 Series 40: 1 Series 80: 2
Communication network wiring
Supervision or SFT 2841
RS 232 3 wire ACE909-2
CCA612 ACE949-2 RC
CCA612 ACE949-2 RC
CCA612 ACE949-2 RC
110 to 220 Vac power supply 50 to 60 Hz
RS 485 - 2 wire Distributed power supply 12 or 24 Vdc
ACE 909-2 (Communication)

Connection with screw-type connector

V+ and V- 12 or 24 Vcc L+ and L- network RS 485 Use shielded cable Connect the shielding


Enable the coupling of 2 networks

MCS025 module For substation, transformer, generator and busbar applications Control between 2 different network
Voltage Frequency Phase
Configuration via Sepam unit 3 output relays for enable coupling via circuit breaker
MCS025 wiring
Measuring
Sepam 80
Synchro Check ANSI 25
MCS025
Circuit breaker drive ANSI 94/69 Outputs Coupling enable
Input Coupling enable
Additional Sepam 100 modules

Sepam 100 modules complete the Sepam range and can be installed separately or combined with a Sepam protection relay, Sepam 2000, Sepam series 20, 40 or 80.
Sepam 100 MI : Cubicle local control and indication modules (various block diagrams are available) Sepam 100 LD : High impedance differential protection Sepam 100 LA : Self-powered protection (back-up protection without auxiliary power supply)
SEPAM front panel
Description of advanced UMI

PC connection Green ON LED Red Fault LED 9 indication LEDs Metering Switchgear, network and machine diagnosis Alarms Reset Sepam Confirm user choices Acknowledge and clear alarms Move cursor up LED test Move cursor down Entry of password Sepam characteristics Setting of protection functions activated via SFT2841
Description of mimic-based UMI

Battery Cartridge Close switchgear Open switchgear Move cursor up
Confirm user choices Move cursor down
PC connection 3-position selector switch
Mimic diagram
IHM Mimic
Feeder N12
The Key show the Mimic diagram
All information are shown in the screen Moving installation diagram All measurement needed All equipment controlled by Sepam can be operate by front panel
Operate switchgears by Sepam front panel
Operation allowed Operation prohibed
Place the selector in local or test position Keys and enable to select switchgears to operate. Sepam control that this equipment is allowed to operate If operation is allowed, confirm by pressing A windows surrounding the switchgear is flashing Operate the device by pressing the ON or OFF button key
Opening Closing
Mode selector
3 modes are available
REMOTE mode
drive with supervision system are enable drive with Sepam front face are enable but can be disable by one variable
LOCAL mode
drive by supervision system are enable except closing order drive by Sepam front face are enable
TEST mode
same than local mode None remote signal (TS) is send to supervision
The Sepam loop

Example :
Press the measuring button : A new screen appeared with a loop :
Measuring
Current Frequency Energy
Voltage Power
Select the folder needed by : or
Valid the choice by :
Rules of use
Current I RMS
Chosen directly from a series of screens in a loop:

After chosen one menu (Current for example) Press the function key to navigate inside the second loop Inside some menu the clear key can be use to reset the memory
Bar graph
I Max
I Average
Io
Io
Current operations
3 Keys
Metering : Diagnosis :
to display the variables measured by Sepam to provide access to diagnostic data on the breaking device and additional measurements to facilitate fault analysis. to consult the 16 most recent alarms that have not yet been cleared.
Alarms :
MIMIC base UMI Advanced UMI
Operating functions
3 Keys
Reset : Clear :
to reset latched information to acknowledge the active alarm, reset the peak demand measurements or clear the alarm history to test the LEDs and the display
Test lamps :
Advanced UMI
mimic-based UMI
Reset
The reset key is used to reset latched information.

extinction of signal lamps resetting of protection units after the disappearance of faults.
Sepam resetting must be confirmed (Sepam series 40 & 80 only). Be carful : The alarm messages are not deleted and will come back again !
Clear
The clear key is used When an alarm is present on the Sepam display
Acknowledge the active alarm return to the screen that was present prior to the appearance of the alarm or to a less recent unacknowledged alarm Sepam is not reset.
In the metering or diagnosis menus

reset the average currents, peak demand currents, running hours counter when they are shown on the display.
In the alarm menus

Clear the alarm history when they are shown on the display.
Parameters and protections setting

2 Keys
Status : Protection :
to display and enter the Sepam general settings to display and set the protection units, to enable or disable the protection units (Sepam series 20 & 40 only).
Advanced UMI
MIMIC base UMI
3 categories of users
Operator
Access to all data in read mode only Clear/Reset actions
Personnel qualified to set protection functions

Know the Setting code (1 key) Operator + access to protection settings
Personnel qualified to set Sepam parameters

Know the Parameter code (2 keys) Operator + access to protection settings + access to Sepam parameters
SEPAM wiring and installation
Base unit
Simple flush mounting in panel
Fixed by plastic spring clips The direction in which the spring clips are mounted depends on the thickness of the mounting plate.
Held by 2 mounting clips
Base connectors Sepam 20 et 40

A connector
Auxiliary power supply Ground 1 residual current input 4 outputs
O1 and O2: Power output (8A) O3 and O4: signalization (2A)
B connector Sub D9
CCA630 for CT CCA670 for LPCT
C and D RJ45 connectors

Communication port Modbus Connection for auxiliary modules
E connector
Input for VT (series 40 only)
Base connectors Sepam 80

A connector
C2 C1 F
Io
Io
G Vo
V3
V2
V1
D2 D1
Auxilary power supply Ground 5 outputs

O1 to O4: Power outputs O5: signalizsation
RJ45 connectors
05 04 03 02 01
2 communication ports Modbus 2 connection for auxilary modules 1 rserved (F)
E connector
Input for VT (V1,V2,V3 or U21,U32) 2 residual current inputs 1 rsidual voltage input
Base connectors Sepam 80

B1 B2 H1 3 phases current inputs 3 other phases current inputs I101 to I114, O101 O106
14 inputs, 6 outputs Ox01: Power output Ox02 Ox06: signalization
B2
B1
H2 H3
I201 I214, O201 O206

Idem
I301 I314, O301 O306

Idem
H3
H2
H1
Sensors wiring for Sepam 80
Base power supply requirements

Series 20 and 40
Nominal range : 24 - 250 VDC or 110 - 250 VAC (47.5 / 63 Hz) Absolute range ( -20 / +10% )
Series 80
Accept only DC voltage supply Nominal range : 24 - 250 VDC Absolute range ( -20 / +10% )
Focus on DC supply : Rectified only should not be used because it will reduce lifetime Acceptable ripple content on DC voltage : 12%
SEPAM and circuit breaker wiring
Closing (Sepam)
External closing
External tripping
Inhibit closing (Sepam) Inhibit closing (external)
Closing
Anti pumping
Opening
Trip circuit supervision

This function check the complete tripping circuit (equipped with shunt trip coil) and the auxiliary power supply
Normal circuit: Device D closed, input I12 is excited, input I11 is not excited. Device D open, input I12 is not excited, input I11 is exited. Default circuit : I11 and I12 get a different position After 200 ms if there is no change on I11 and I12 or if inputs I11 and I12 are not correct SEPAM send the message Control fault or TCS
Breaker failure supervision (ANSI 50BF)

If a circuit breaker fails after a tripping order (detected by the non-extinction of the fault current), this backup protection send a tripping order to the upstream or adjacent breakers.
Description: The "breaker failure" protection function is activated by an O1 output tripping order It checks that current disappeared during the time delay T It may also take into account the position of the circuit breaker, read on the logic inputs After that time the Sepam activate one of its output in order to trip an other circuit breaker
Software SFT2841
Software SFT2841
SFT2841 V10.3 2 operating modes

not connected connected to Sepam
Windows XP and Vista On-line help available For commissioning, the SFT2841 tool is

useful for Series 20 recommended for Series 40 essential for Series 80
CD Sepam V10.3
SFT2841 v10.1 Readme.txt Lisezmoi.txt Install Demo SFT2826v0202 Readme.txt Lisezmoi.txt Install Disks Documentation English French
Sepam software installation
After inserting the CD, autorun displays this screen. You may choose: SFT2841 installation SFT2826 installation (curves viewer) Presentation of the Sepam offer

Sepam range application solutions documentation product implementation different specifications per application order form
Code entry
SFT2841 may be installed in demonstration version or full version Demonstration version

no serial number requested connected mode disabled file saving disabled
Full version
enter the serial number on the label stuck on the back of the CD box format: XXXXXXX-XX
Starting SFT2841
Click on the icon
Select the working language
Choose the operating mode:
connected point to point via the front panel via the network disconnected (according to Sepam) create a new file or edit an existing file
Toolbar
Password
Save a current file
To change the categorie of users
Open a new file Open an existing file
File extension series 20, rpg series 40 and 80, type of Sepam (e.g. M41)
Print a report

Sries 20 & 40 : Text file, all the parameters are listed Sries 80 : Word file with cover page, contents and structured presentation of parameters
Toolbar
Sepam parameter setting

setup environment automation inputs / outputs
Control Matrix Function setting

disturbance recording mimic diagram
Protection setting Equation editor
Guided navigation
for logical sequencing of screens
Toolbar
Sepam diagnosis

Switchgear diagnosis

Software versions Sepam status Presence of modules Testing of 3s pulse outputs
Cumulative breaking current Number of switchgear operations
Alarm management

Measurements
Current alarms Alarm history (200 alarms)
All the measurements available on the Sepam type
Network diagnosis

Disturbance recording

Phase displacement Number of trips Machine diagnosis
Recovery of recording Selection by date Voluntary trigger Starting the SFT2826 Software
Software help
In any SFT2841 menu Just click on the top interrogation point to get help The user manual will be open automatically in the good page Scroll pages and find your answer !
Download Sepam program

To save in a file all the data from a Sepam
Download / load Sepam program

To save Sepam program on a computer Menu Sepam Download (Sepam-pc) Save as
Print a report
Fill identification form for each Sepam Print or save in an other file ( pdf)
Print a report
Sepam xxxx (21/03/2006) Proprits du dossier Client : Formation Affaire : Srie 20, 40 & 80 Tableau : Dossier Cellule : Srie 20 Date d'impression : 27/03/06 Configuration matrielle du Sepam Type d'application : Sous-station (S20) Repre du Sepam : Sepam xxxx Modle de Sepam : Modle UD (avec IHM avance fixe) MES (Module d'entres / sorties) : MES114 (Module 10E + 4S) MSA141 (Module 1 sortie analogique) : Absent DSM303 (Module IHM avance dporte) : Absent Interface de communication : Absent Mode synchronisation : Rseau Paramtrage des sorties Utilise Bobine mission Bobine manque Mode impulsionnel O1 Oui X O2 Oui X O3 Oui X O4 Oui X O11 Oui X O12 Non O13 Non O14 Non -
Srie 20 & 40
Text type file All parameters availables
Srie 80
Front page Contents Presentation of all parameters by chapters Word type files
Print a front label

Menu Sepam Edit label Fill boxes for each LED Menu File Print label
Modify or create of new messages

Alarms messages and operation message can be modifyed with SFT 2841 software.These new messages can be affected with the matrix.
On the matrix menu , click on event Select the tab Protections, Logic, Inputs or Equations Double-click on empty space or existing message to modify or create it

A new screen appeared
You can affect a pre-defined message by double click on his number You can also modify an existing message: Just click on it and select create message You can also create a new message : just click on the button create message and then double click on this new message
The bitmap Windows alowd to write a text or create a drawing
Click on the number corresponding to the message and then to affect
Click on OK to load the new matrix on the Sepam
The control matrix

The control matrix allowed to affect easily
Protection functions Logic functions Inputs Logipam Logical outputs Front L.E.D Messages Oscilloperturbo-graphic records
to others Sepam functions :
Each columns realize an OR functions between each column an lines
Logic button on control matrix

Closing Tripping Inhibit closing Pick-up Drop-out TCS fault CCS fault Logic discrimination trip Blocking send 1 Load shedding
Closing by switchgear control function Tripping by switchgear control function Inhibition by switchgear control function Logic OR of the instantaneous output of all protection A time delay protection has not come back to 0 Trip circuit fail Closing circuit fail Tripping order sent by logical discrimination Blocking order sent to next Sepam Load shedding order sent Only when logic discrimination is used without switchgears control function By default on O102 Motor application By default on O3. Only available if switchgear control is in circuit breaker mode Forced on O1, if switchgear control is in circuit breaker mode By default on O2. Only available if switchgear control is in circuit breaker mode Except protections 38/49T, 48/51LR, 49 RMS, 64G2/27TN and 66.
Measurements functions
Current
Phase current
This function gives the RMS value of each phase current.
Residual current
This function gives the RMS value of the residual current obtained by one of the following methods: measurement calculation of the sum of the phase currents
Average current and peak demand phase currents
This function gives: the average RMS current for each phase obtained for each integration interval. the greatest average RMS current value for each phase obtained since the last reset. Adjustable integration interval: 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 mn.
Average current and peak demand phase currents

A 100A Average current 5mn 5mn 5mn 5mn 5mn 100A A Peak demand current 5mn 5mn 5mn 5mn 5mn
55A 63A Resetting to zero:

89A
78A
59A t
55A 63A
89A
89A
89A t
via the clear key on the display if one of the two screens is displayed, via the clear command in the SFT2841software, via the communication.
Pick current, RMS, and true RMS

RMS Current:
This is the average value of an alternative current threw a resistor * For a sinus waveform Irms = Imax / 2
True RMS Current

For a non sinus waveform
Itrue rms =
In case of square waveform the difference between RMS and true RMS calculus will be 11%
* (120A AC RMS = 120A DC)
Voltage
Phase-to-phase voltage
This function gives the RMS value of each phase-to-phase voltage obtained: by calculation when 3 phase-to-earth VTs are connected, by measurement (U21 and U32) and by calculation ( U13 ) when 2 phase-to-phase VTs are connected, by measurement (U21) when a single phase-to-phase VT is connected, in which case the U32 and U13 voltages are not available.
Phase-to-neutral voltage
This function gives the RMS value of each phase-to-neutral voltage obtained: by measurement when 3 phase-to-earth VTs are connected, by calculation when 2 phase-to-phase VTs are connected and the residual voltage is measured.
Residual voltage
This function gives the value of the residual voltage Vo obtained by one of the following methods: calculation of the sum of the 3 phase-to-neutral voltages, measurement, using an open star-delta VT.
Power
This function gives the following power values:

active P = 3.U.I.cos reactive Q = 3.U.I.sin apparent S = 3.U.I
The calculation is based on the following data:

phase currents I1 and I3, phase-to-phase voltages U21 and U32, if only the U21 voltage is connected, the network voltage is considered to be balanced.
The "Type of cubicle" Incomer or Feeder parameter influences the sign of the measurement.
Power factor (cos)

This function gives the phase displacement between the phase currents and phase-toneutral voltages.
Q V -CAP I -IND +CAP +IND P
Switchgear diagnosis functions

Cumulative breaking current and number of operations
This function gives: total cumulative breaking current in square kilo amperes, for five current ranges (0 to 2, 2 to 5, 5 to 10, 10 to 40 and >40 In), total number of opening operations. The function is activated by trip orders (O1). The values are saved in the event of a power failure. The initial value may be initialized using the SFT2841 software.
Operating time

This function gives the time between the trip order (O1) and the change of status of the "device open" position contact. The value is saved in the event of a power failure.
Charging time

This function gives the time between the change of status of the "device closed" position contact (I12) and the appearance of the end of charging information. The value is saved in the event of a power failure.
Protections functions
Protection system diagram
I>Is
St Si
SEPAM
Protection relay hysteresis

I ou U
I>Is S
St Si
Is I { t
I).100 Hysteresis = (Is - Is Approximately 93 %
S t
Minimum dtection time

Is
St Si
I>Is S
T < Mdt S
t
detection time Minimum (approximately) 25 ms
Si
t
St
t
Operating time (short default)

Is
St Si
I>Is S
S
t
Mdt
trip delay Itd : Instantaneous Mtd+10ms=35ms Td : Trip delay
Mdt : Minimum detection time
Si
t
St
Itd
t
Td
Operating time (with permanent fault)

Is I
I>Is S
T
St Si
S
t Mdt
Si
Mdt : Minimum detection time trip delay Itd : Instantaneous Mtd+10ms=35ms

Td : Trip delay
St
Itd t Td
Group A and Group B

Two groups called Group A and Group B of units are available for the folowing protection functions :

Phase overcurrent (50/51) Earth fault (50N/51N or 50G/51G) Directional phase overcurrent (67) Directional earth fault (67N)
Example: 2 groups of 2 units
Number of units :
50/51 Series 20 Series 40 Series 80 2 4 8 50N/51N 50G/51G 2 4 8 67 0 2 2 67N 0 2 2
1 B 1 A 2 B 2 A
DT curves
Definite time
Current threshold :
Is is the operation set point

Delay :
T is the protection operation time

delay
IDT curves (Inverse Definite Time)
There are several types of IDT curves, determined by equations and defined by the various standardization organizations: for example, the IEC defines

standard inverse time (SIT), very inverse time (VIT), extremely inverse time (EIT).
Current setting Is which corresponds to the vertical asymptote of the curve Time delay T which corresponds to the operation time for I = 10 Is.
IDT curves
Example of calculus:
An engine get an SIT protection curve. Settings are : Is = 1000 A and T=4 s. We wants to know the tripping time for a current of I de 3500 A. Solution: We use an SIT curve
I/Is =3500/1000 = 3,5 We are going to find on the table value of k corresponding With it we can make the calculus : t=T.k so : t = 4x1,858 = 7,43 s Tripping time for a current of 3500 A will be : 7,43 seconds.
Customized curve
Available with Sepam 80 Define dot by dot with SFT2841 software (Application menu) This curve allowed to fit all specific applications
Discrimination retrofit
Holding time
Trip threshold
Time holding time = 0 I > Is holding time with SIT curve (disc relay) holding time with DT curve (coil earth syst)
Harmonic 2 restraint
50N/51N function (Advanced Parameters) H2 restraint to ensure stability during transformer energization.

Fixed ratio (17%) restraint activated by parameter setting
This function has to be used only in the case of earth fault overcurrent made by sum of 3 CT on the upstream side of a transformer.
Directional phase over current (67)

The polarization value is the phase-to-phase value in quadrature with the current for cos= 1 (90 connection angle).
U32 for I1, U13 for I2 and U21 for I3
A phase current vector plane is divided into two half-planes that correspond to the line zone and busbar zone. The characteristic angle is the angle of the perpendicular to the boundary line between the 2 zones and the polarization value.
I1 I1
I1
No fault tripping
Fault tripping in line
Fault tripping in busbar
Directional earth fault (67N)

Earth fault protection, with selective tripping according to fault current direction. Picks up if the earth fault current in the chosen direction (line or busbar) reaches the operation set point 3 types of protection function

Type 1, for radial feeders in resistive, isolated or compensated neutral systems Type 2, for closed ring distribution networks with directly earthed neutral. Type 3, for distribution networks in which the neutral earthing system varies according to the operating mode.
The polarization value is the residual voltage V0
Thermal overload (49RMS)

This function is used to protect equipment (motors, transformers, generators, lines, capacitors) against overloads, based on measurement of the current consumed. Principle: heat rise calculation is based on the current consumed (if I is constant, heat rise is equal to the square value of the current ratio E=( I / Ib )
With I=Ib
With I=0
User information The following information is available for the user:

time before restart enabled (in case of inhibition of starting) time before tripping (with constant current) heat rise.
49 thermal overload
CB tripping E=120% E=100% E= 63% E= 36%
T1
T2
E=100% when I=Ib during an infinite time
t = Tripping time from the hot curve (E=100%) depending on T1 and on the value of the current
Excessive starting time (48-51LR)

Starting is detected when current goes over 10% of Ib. Is is set lower than the value of starting current and ST longer than normal starting time. If the consumed current is higher than Is during a time longer than ST the CB trips.
Locked rotor (48-51LR)

If the current exceeds Is without going under and over 10% of Ib this is a case of locked rotor. LT must be set with a time delay shorter than the locked rotor time given by the motor manufacturer To protect the motor in case of locked rotor during starting its possible to use an external zero speed switch relay. If the motor speed is zero the CB trips with LTS time delay which is shorter than ST.
Excessive starting time Locked rotor during start
ST LTS
Starts per hour (66)

This function picks up when the number of starts reaches the following limits :

Nt- maximum number of starts allowed per period of time P (from 1 to 6 hours) Nh-maximum allowed number of consecutive hot starts Nc-maximum allowed number of consecutive cold starts
T = time delay between stop and start (from 0 to 90mn) in documentation : time between starts Measurement:

waiting time number of starts allowed
Motor hot state : 50% heat rise (70% Ib)
Remanent under voltage (27R)

After a loss of power supply, motors sustain voltage on busbar. The fast re-energizing can cause transient electrical and mechanical phenomena. This protection function is used to give closing authorization to power supply changeover. Setting the protection function :
Disturbance recording function

The disturbance recording is a capture of waveform composed by:
Analogical signals (Currents, Voltages) Logical inputs and outputs.
The beginning of this record is started by a trip event After that trip the record continue during the time set in the Sepam
Record stack on memory
Trip event Number of pre-trig periods
Set up a disturbance record

Series 20 Records features
2 records maximum 86 periods 4 channels current or tension 10 logical inputs O1 outputs pick-up
Pre-trig adjustment
Set up a disturbance record

Series 40
Records features
All analogical channels 10 logical inputs O1 to O4 outputs pick-up 1 variable for logic equation
Record setting depending of memory

Number of records Length of each records
Pre-trig adjustment
Set up disturbance record

Srie 80 Analog records features
All analogical channel are available
Logic inputs records features

All logic inputs are available
Pick up Flag rec: logical equation or Logipam Black finger : channel available Grey finger : still selected
Record setting depending of memory

Number of records Length of each records Number of samples
Pre-trig adjustment
Displaying disturbance records

Click on Disturbance recording button Click on the record that you want to see Click on the downloading button to transfer the record to the PC Save as the record on the PC To display the curve click on the viewer program to launch it On the SFT2841
File, open Select the record Then open

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2d HV Schneider El Training 379

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Safety

Training Documents 05-2009

Your electrical job would be easier if..

Caution : Violations of these recommendations Always lead to electrical accidents

Main risks, according to Accident type

Arc proximity or contact

Fire escaping Chemical

Your body is conducting electricity

Above 100Volts skin becomes fully conductive (flashed dielectric)

Skin Internal body

VOLTAGE applied between 2 body points

Less than 100V dielectric withstand

Voltages classification ( 14-11-1988 edition)

Features of the body according to current level crossing through

For average size person, and AC 50 Hz current

Current passage time t

10.000 5.000 1 2.000 2 3 4

20 10 mA 50 100 200 500 1000 2000 5000 10A

IEC 60479-1 2005

Current flow through body

Internal damages from electric shock

Conducted electricity trough body parts will

Body reactions during, and soon after, electrical shock

Kidneys and Myoglobin

And some secondary reactions later after shock

External damages due to Electrical Arc

Secondary effects can include later ocular problems

Burns from LV short circuits arcs .!

On real face, with safety goggles only

Damages are often both internal and external

Thunder spike on foot

Electric arc (direct on body) Is usually fatal.

Direct and indirect contact

Electrically shocked by direct contact between two live parts:

No possible Protection !!!

Direct and indirect contact

Protection against DIRECT contacts

3m if service voltage < 57kV 5m if service voltage 57kV Distance

Separation by barriers, screen or insulation

Protection against DIRECT contacts (LV only)

Separation by a class II electrical equipment

SAFETY ELV Transformer

Service voltage reduced down to safety voltage

Quick disconnection of supply if earth fault detected (high sensivity RCD's)

Very fast trip

Direct and indirect contact

Direct and indirect contact

Protection against INDIRECT contacts

Apart from any intervention

For a safe intervention,

How to avoid electrical accidents ?

You also need, or supply if missing, (common means to be available on site)

How to avoid electrical accidents ?

By observing simple electrical safety rules directed by common sense

By using simple, light and reliable electrical safety equipment

Golden rules, before dead line intervention

1 . Select adequate equipment

2 . Separate work area from any voltage supply

3 . Lock out in open position all possible links to supply

4. Check absence of voltage on each conductor

5. Short-circuit and earth every active conductor

6. Tag out , warn others and limit work place

MV Personnel Protective Equipment