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Subsea UK is the champion for the UK subsea industry. We act for the entire supply chain bringing together operators, contractors and suppliers in the industry.

A Career in Subsea
Join one of the UKs Growing, World-leading Technology Sectors

Subsea UK, Innovation Centre Exploration Drive, Aberdeen AB23 8GX E. info@subseauk.org www.subseauk.org

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Subsea Needs Fresh Engineering Talent

The UK subsea industry is one of the most exciting and fast-growing technology sectors in the world. Cutting-edge technology combined with world-leading engineering is ensuring that the UK is at the forefront of extracting one of the most precious commodities from under the seabed in a safe and environmentally responsible manner. The subsea oil and gas sector contributes over 3 billion to the UK economy. Over 800 companies are active in the sector, providing direct and indirect employment for approximately 40,000 people. Increasingly, recovery of the worlds oil and gas reserves is being achieved through subsea wells in some of the deepest waters and most challenging environments on our planet. This presents a real test of engineering ingenuity and expertise. The sector is set for explosive growth and the UKs world-leading position in subsea oil and gas is being challenged by a shortage of engineering talent. You could help ensure that the UK continues to lead the way and be a part of an exciting industry with a rewarding, long-term future. Subsea UK, an industry body that champions the sector, has launched an initiative to attract engineers and engineering graduates into the industry. This brochure highlights some of the fascinating career and development opportunities that exist in the world of subsea.

What Is Subsea?
Subsea is about creating facilities and systems that produce oil and gas from underwater reservoirs. It is about engineering, building and installing valves, pipelines and control systems in depths of up to 3km. Increasing numbers of subsea wells are being installed around the world because, it is an efficient and environmentally friendly way of producing oil and gas.

What Engineering Skills Are Required?

All of the main engineering disciplines are required in the subsea industry. > Engineers with mechanical and structural skills make big contributions to the development of valves, underwater structures, and pipelines. > Electrical and electronic engineers are involved with control systems. > Chemical engineers carryout process analysis of the systems to ensure fluids will flow satisfactorily. > Engineers of all disciplines are involved in the management process to bring hundreds of millions of dollars of equipment together to complete a single oilfield development.

What Job Opportunities Exist?

There are literally hundreds of career opportunities across the subsea spectrum from the oil and gas operators such as BP, and the large contractors such as Acergy and Technip, right through to the innovators - the small to medium sized businesses developing cutting edge technology.

What Can You Expect From Subsea?

> >
A challenging and exciting career in a fascinating industry which can take you all over the world. Lucrative rewards and great opportunities for personal development.

A subsea pipeline hundreds of km in length, and costing hundreds of millions of dollars.

There are literally hundreds of career opportunities across the subsea spectrum from the oil and gas operators such as BP, and the large contractors such as Acergy and Technip, right through to the innovators
Subsea oil and gas producing equipment up to 3km underwater.

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Subsea Needs You

UK-based market analysts, Douglas Westwood, predict that the global deepwater oil and gas market will almost triple in size from $8.5 billion in 2002 to $23 billion in 2010. Many other studies confirm that Subsea, which is a major part of these deepwater projects, will see a similar expansion. The UK leads the way in delivering subsea equipment and services and because of this, the current huge demand will continue to grow. The shortage of engineering skills is exacerbated by the ageing workforce in the oil and gas industry and we must bring in new blood to meet current and future demand. We will be constrained if we cannot bring fresh talent into the sector. Experience shows us that engineers from other sectors can become subsea engineers with the proper training and induction. Find out just how easy it could be...

Training and Development

Experience shows that engineers who are new to the subsea industry are able to become effective with a mixture of formal training and on the job experience. The appropriate mix of training and experience depends on the requirements of the job and on the employing company. Many of the larger subsea companies have their own training courses that are unique to them and are designed to meet the specific needs of their business. There is an extensive programme of training modules available across the industry and these can be used to create a balanced training plan over the first year or so of employment. Summary details of the training menu are shown below.

Plans are advanced with major universities to enable engineers to gain formal qualifications in subsea engineering if they complete a programme of training and assessment whilst at work. Engineers with subsea experience are also able to join relevant professional institutions including The Institute of Marine Engineers and The Institute of Mechanical Engineers. Many Subsea UK companies will support staff wishing to pursue membership.

The scope of some of the things we work on in terms of: scale, size, weight, sums of money is breathtaking
Keith Imrie, project engineer, Avergy.

Experience shows that engineers who are new to the subsea industry are able to become effective with a mixture of formal training and on the job experience

Course Type
Global Subsea Expenditure
Africa Asia Australasia Latin America North America Western Europe Others

Description
Courses provided by a variety of specialist training firms to introduce staff to the jargon, techniques, and issues that relate to the production of oil and gas. Subsea UK has developed an internet-based course that can be taken from any location to help new starts learn about the design, installation and operation of subsea systems. Participants are assigned an experienced mentor to review assignments and provide support. Programme of visits to subsea companies gives new starts direct experience of different parts of the supply chain. Provided by a variety of specialist firms, these courses introduce engineers to the technologies and methods involved in marine pipelines. Pipelines are often the most costly part of a subsea system and are a specialism in their own right. Subsea equipment is subject to corrosion both by the external environment and by the oil and gas that flows within it. Courses on this topic are provided by a number of specialist training companies Risers are piping systems that connect the equipment on the seabed to the surface. They are subject to complex dynamic forces and require specialised design approaches and materials, particularly in deepwater. A number of specialist companies provide courses describing how subsea systems operate and the problems that need to be managed to ensure trouble free performance.

Duration
1 week

Typical Age Profile for Oil and Gas Personnel

Introduction to Oil and Gas Introduction to Subsea Technology and Methods

Approx. 2 weeks on a full-time basis

25,000

Percentage of Employees

20,000
$ Million

Subsea Awareness

1 week

15,000

10,000

Pipeline Engineering

1 week

5,000

0 2001 2002

2003

2004

2005 2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Corrosion and Subsea Materials

20 25 30 40 45 50 55 60 Employee Age

1 week

Source: Douglas Westwood

Riser Systems
These estimates of future expenditure are compiled from an analysis of the project plans of the oil and gas companies. Past experience shows that the figures tend to understate demand 3 to 4 years ahead because not all projects that will go ahead at that time are known about at the time of analysis. There is no single source of accurate data for the full population of subsea engineers. However, individual companies and some groups of companies have produced data for their employees. That tends to show that a few people joined the industry in the late 80s and 90s and that the median age of the population is above 45 years.

1 week

Operations and Integrity

1 week

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Career Prospects
The UK's subsea companies are active in the full lifecycle of the industry from research and development through to the operation of producing oil and gas fields. That means engineers can experience a range of jobs and can find a role that suits their skills and aspirations.

There are more than 100 companies associated with Subsea UK. These range from BP, one of the biggest companies in the world, Technip one of the biggest contractors in the world, to smaller organisations employing just ten's of staff. Together, these firms provide great opportunities to build a long and satisfying career.
Company Abalt Solutions Limited Acteon (UWG) Aker Kvaerner All Oceans Engineering Limited Andrew Palmer & Associates Ashtead Technology Ltd B & A Hydraulics Ltd Bel Valves BG Group Bibby Offshore Ltd Boreas Consultants Ltd Bowtech Products Ltd BP BPP Technical Services BSW "Ballgrab" Limited Buchan Technical Services Ltd Caley Ocean Systems Ltd CAPCIS Castrol Offshore Century Dynamics Ltd Champion Environmental Technologies Chevron Upstream Europe Circle Technical Services Ltd Coda Octopus Ltd Cormon Ltd Cranfield University CRP Group Ltd CSL CTC Marine Projects Cutting Underwater Technologies Ltd DES Operations Dunlaw Engineering Ltd Durham Business School Dynamic Positioning Services (DPS) East of England Energy Group Emerson Process Management Energy Industries Council eProduction Solutions ExxonMobil FMC Technologies Furmanite International Ltd Furness Enterprise Limited GEO Century GRL Gunn Engineering Services (Aberdeen) Ltd Halliburton Hayward Tyler Engineered Products Hedley Purvis Ltd - Pivicat SAS Hydrasun Hydratight Operations Ltd Hydrocable Systems Ltd Imes Systems Infinity Resources (UK) Limited Insensys Inspectahire Inst. Co. Ltd Institute for Energy and Environment, Strathclyde University INTEC Engineering (UK) Limited Isleburn Mackay & Macleod J & S Marine Ltd (Offshore) J P Kenny Engineering Limited KD Marine Ltd Kinetics Controls & Innovation Ltd Kongsberg Maritime Limited Litre Meter Ltd Master Flo Valve Co (UK) Limited MCS Met Office Marine Programme National Hyperbaric Centre National Oceanography Centre Nautronix plc NETmc Marine Norson Services Ltd NSIG (Northern Scotland Industries Group) Ocean Design Europe Ltd Oceaneering Intervention Engineering Oceanlab (University of Aberdeen) OceanTools Ltd ODS-Petrodata Ltd OIL Engineering Limited OTM Consulting Pan-Ocean Engineering Ltd PDL Solutions (Europe) Limited Pegasus International Perry Slingsby Systems Ltd Petrofac Facilities Management Phoenix Beattie Ltd Prosafe Offshore Pte Ltd Prospect Flow Solutions Reson Offshore Ltd Robert Gordon's University Rockwool Firesafe Insulation Ross Deeptech Initiatives Ltd Rotech Subsea Limited RUCO Ltd Scan Tech UK Score (Europe) Ltd Seaeye Marine Ltd Seal-Tite UK LLC Seatronics Shell SMD Hydrovision Society for Underwater Technology Solstad Offshore (UK) Ltd Sonardyne International Ltd Sonavision Ltd Stolt Offshore Sub-Atlantic Ltd Subocean Group Limited Subsea 7 Subsea Domain Ltd Talisman Energy (UK) Limited Technip Offshore UK Ltd The Engineering Business Ltd Total E & P Europe Tritech International Ltd Tronic Ltd University of Aberdeen Venture Production VerdErg Connectors Ltd Visualsoft Ltd Wellstream International Limited Xodus Group Limited Ythan Environmental Services Limited

People Who Have Transferred to Subsea

Many engineers join the subsea industry directly from further education. Others begin in another field of the oil and gas business and transfer to subsea part-way through their careers. And there are those who begin work in a very different industry before making the switch. The following profiles show how others have entered the business and how their careers are developing. Find out more by applying to meet subsea companies and their people.

Engineering
There are many firms specialising in subsea engineering in the UK. They are involved at the very detailed level in the design of individual components, and at a broader scale in the configuration of oil fields. UK companies provide design services to many international locations including Africa, South America, and Russia.

Joe Cross
Joe Cross is a Controls Engineer working on the design and operation of subsea control systems in the North Sea, Malaysia and the Middle East. He transferred into the Subsea Industry in 1996 from the brewing company Scottish and Newcastle, where he supported the materials handling and controls systems within their UK brewing plants. Joe says that many of the principles of control system design are the same in brewing as in subsea, although the terminology is different. He believes that the subsea environment presents some very specific challenges such as corrosion and reliability, but he was able to get to grips with these areas quickly with the help of his new colleagues. Joe is now the team leader of the 15 strong controls group in J P Kenny's Aberdeen office.

Ana Requejo-Olivn
Ana began her career working in the railway industry in Germany before transferring to the UK subsea sector at the end of 2005. She has a first degree in electrical engineering, a Masters degree in computer science and some years experience in the design of integrated sensor technology for high speed train anti-skidding systems. Since joining the subsea industry, Ana has been working on a feasibility study for the upgrade of offshore facilities in a Middle Eastern oil field, researching alternative power supplies and subsea power transmission options. She has found the transition to be an exciting challenge and has been able to capitalise on much of her previous experience, particularly her knowledge of safety and safety management.

Installation
The biggest subsea installation companies including Subsea 7 and Techip run a major part of their worldwide operations from the UK. Employees of these firms help plan and manage complex marine activities many miles offshore. The development of new installation equipment costing many tens of millions of dollars is also controlled from the UK.

Keith Imrie
Keith began his career in the manufacturing of industrial switchgear and automotive steering column locks. Then in the autumn of 2000 he joined subsea umbilicals supplier Duco in Tyneside. He worked there as a manufacturing engineer and was able to capitalise on his experience of manufacturing processes and get a feel for the demands and features of the subsea projects. He left Duco in January 2006 and joined subsea company Acergy where he is now working as a project engineer supporting offshore construction activities. He says that the work is interesting and there is certainly much to learn. Adding The scope of some of the things we work on in terms of: scale, size, weight, sums of money is breath taking .

Equipment
Equipment includes large machined items such as valves, electronic equipment for control systems, complex underwater cables and power lines, etc. There are opportunities to work in the production of these items, and to liaise with the project teams responsible for integrating them into the oil and gas fields.

Andrew McIntyre
Andrew is an Aeronautical Engineering graduate who began his career working for in the Civil Engineering industry, gaining experience in advanced numerical analysis in both the nuclear and defence sectors. In 2004 he made the transition into the oil and gas sector, joining engineering company Prospect, which specialises' in the analysis of oil and gas flows from the reservoir through to the processing facilities. Andrew deals with issues such as heat transfer, multi-phase flow, marine dynamics and erosion simulation. He says he thoroughly enjoys the speed at which the subsea industry progresses, and the sheer diversity of the projects. To be able to physically see and handle a component that one has conceptualised on a computer screen only weeks before is extremely satisfying he adds.

Other Services
With the UK being the world's focal point for the subsea industry, there are many companies supporting the sector by providing analysis, consultancy and other services to the mainstream engineering based businesses.

Chantal Manco
Chantal joined the London office of engineering and project management specialist J P Kenny in September 2004, direct from Imperial College London. She has a first class degree in Mechanical Engineering and is fluent in French and English. Since starting work she has helped engineer a number of important subsea projects including the state of the art pipe in pipe system for the Tweedsmuir field in the North Sea, and the Moho-Bilondo project in West Africa. Chantal is working towards becoming a member of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers. She says she has learnt a lot in the last few years and is looking forward to getting practical exposure of J P Kenny's worldwide projects.

I thoroughly enjoy the speed at which the Subsea industry progresses and the sheer diversity of the projects Andrew McIntyre
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