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Dr. Bambang Widianto Deputy For Social Welfare and Poverty Alleviation/ Executive Secretary Of The National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K)
Poverty Alleviation Academic Conference 2013 Jakarta, 12nd June, 2013.
NATIONAL TEAM FOR THE ACCELERATION OF POVERTY REDUCTION
Annual g
The growth incidence curve reveals FOUR GROUPS with different needs
1 15 29 43 57 71 85 Percentiles
99
2008-2012 growth
Growth in mean
+IDR750.000/kap/M 80%
6.0
4.0 2.0 0.0 1
4.87
15
29
43
57
71
85
99
Percentiles
Poor 29 mil
High 50 mil
Investment Climate
Community-Driven Development
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3. Promotion Strategy for the Poor to Get Access to Education, Health, Job, etc.
4. Protection from Shock.
Cluster II
Cluster III
Is there political support for social assistance? Raskin enjoys the most popular support, while BLT the least
Program
Raskin
BLT
Good Popular program amongst politicians Popular program amongst communities Weak Not popular amongst opposition politicians Receives the most complaints in communities Moderate Does not suffer from BLT political antipathy Still a pilot program that is not well-known by the public Good 20 percent government spending requirement supports sustainability of scholarships Good
PKH
Scholarships
Presidential Regulation No.15/2010 on the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction. To support the SBY-Boediono Vision-Mission on reducing poverty level to 8-10% by the end of the year 2014.
10 10
TNP2K Secretariat is the clearing house. TNP2K Pleno Meeting (chaired by the Vice President) is the decision maker.
Right from the beginning TNP2K believes that data is the central issue of improving poverty alleviation programs in Indonesia
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V. TARGETING OPTIONS:
Means-testing, although this requires high-quality data that is not available in many countries and may be expensive to put in place. Geographical targeting, whereby transfers are provided to everyone living in areas with high incidences of poverty.
Community-based targeting, which uses community structures to identify the poorest members of a community or those eligible according to agreed criteria. Providing benefit to those recognized as belonging to a specific vulnerable category of the population; and
Self-targeting ,such as in-work program that offer a below-market wage, based on the logic that individuals choose to opt to the program.
NATIONAL TEAM FOR THE ACCELERATION OF POVERTY REDUCTION
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SELF TARGETING:
Billion Litres
40 30 20 10 0 2005
2008
Fuel Consumption
2009 (Estimation)
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Cross-checked with other sources of poverty information, such as Family Planning Office data, previous poverty census (in certain provinces).
BPS surveyed the economic and social characteristics of the selected households. BPS used a Proxy Means Test (PMT) to decide eligibility
14 14
TARGETING EFFECTIVENESS
100
Percentage of beneficiaries
50
UCT 25
Effective Targeting Areas
Health Assistance 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0 1 2
15 15
Beneficieries
NonBeneficieries
+
+ +
Survey Sweeping
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Improvements to Methodology:
- More households surveyed (43% vs. 29% in 2008) - Use of census data as a starting point - Community involvement - More variables collected for better poverty prediction - Improvements to Proxy Mean Testing (PMT) methods
Note: * BPS: National Statistics Office ** TNP2K: National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction
NATIONAL TEAM FOR THE ACCELERATION OF POVERTY REDUCTION
17 17
18
25 %
Near Poor
11,66%
19 19 19
20
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Progress is slow. Health is the first one, and Jamkesmas (which is the health coverage for the poor) becomes the embryo for Health coverage as mandated by Law 40/2004 Why so? Because Jamkesmas coverage has been about 35% of the population well above 12% poverty rate in the country Raskin has also been quite above the poverty rate coverage of 25% Recently, the Government is about to increase BSM also to 25% coverage So, in principle, the poverty alleviation program (especially Cluster 1 programs) is effectively Indonesian Social Protection programs
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