Rumus Caesar PDF

Quick
Reference
Guide
CAESAR II
V E R S I O N 4.20
( L A S T R E V I S E D 1/2000)
CAESAR II Quick Reference Guide - 1/2000

CAESAR II Quick Reference Guide (Version 4.20)
The CAESAR II Quick Reference Guide is intended to aid users in quickly identifying
needed information and to resolve common questions and problems. This Reference
Guide is distributed with each copy of the software and users are urged to copy it (the
Reference Guide) as necessary.
Comments and suggestions concerning the CAESAR II program, the Users Guide, or
the Quick Reference Guide are always welcome. Users with problems, questions, or
suggestions can contact the COADE Development/Support staff.
CAESAR II
CAESAR II is an advanced PC based tool for the engineer who designs or analyzes
piping systems. CAESAR II uses input spreadsheets, on-line help, graphics, and
extensive error detection procedures to facilitate timely operation and solution.
CAESAR II is capable of analyzing large piping models, structural steel models, or
combined models, both statically and dynamically. ASME, B31, WRC, and rotating
equipment reports combine to provide the analyst with a complete description of the
piping systems behavior under the applied loading conditions. Additional technical
capabilities such as out-of-core solvers, force spectrum analysis (for water hammer and
relief valve solutions), time history, and large rotation rod hangers provide the pipe stress
engineer with the most advanced computer based piping program available today.
The CAESAR II program is continuously enhanced to incorporate new technical
abilities, to provide additional functionality, and to modify existing computation
procedures as the piping codes are updated. A complete list of the most recent changes
to the CAESAR II program can be found in the later section of Chapter 1 of the Users
Guide. Users desiring software sales or seminar information are urged to contact the
COADE Sales staff at:
Phone: 281-890-4566 E-mail: techsupport@coade.com
FAX: 281-890-3301 Web: www.coade.com
CAESAR II / Pipe Stress Seminars
COADE offers seminars periodically to augment the Engineers knowledge of CAESAR II
and Pipe Stress Analysis. The general seminar is held in the COADE Houston office and
covers three days of statics and two days of dynamics. This seminar emphasizes the
piping codes, static analysis, dynamic analysis, and problem solving.
Custom seminars held at client locations are also available. For additional seminar
details, please contact COADE and ask for seminar information.
CAESAR II Quick Reference Guide
Table of Contents
System Requirements ................................................................. 1
Troubleshooting.......................................................................... 1
Overview of CAESAR II Interfaces ........................................... 3
List of CAESAR II Piping Codes ............................................... 3
Restraints .................................................................................... 4
List of Setup File Directives ....................................................... 4
List of Materials ......................................................................... 7
Intersection Types in CAESAR II .............................................. 8
Code Stresses .............................................................................. 9
Node Locations on Bends ........................................................ 16
CAESAR II Combined Index ................................................... 18
CAESAR II Quality Assurance Manual ................................... 43
Mechanical Engineering News ................................................. 43
Additional COADE Software Programs ................................... 43
System Requirements
Pentium 200 or better CPU
Windows 95,98 or Windows NT 4.00
32 Mbyte RAM
80 Mbyte Hard Disk Space Free
VGA Graphics Board & Monitor 800x600
Troubleshooting
The installation aborts with an error stating: An error occurred during the move
data process: 623.
This is caused by attempting to install the software when a previous copy is currently
running.
This error occurs because InstallShield could not rename an intermediate file during
the file transfer process. This error can be caused by running the target application
during the installation, as well as some virus-checking programs. When this error
occurs, shut down all running applications and restart the installation process.
The installation aborts with an error stating: An error occurred during the move
data process: 115.
A problem has been encountered on Novell networks in that they may not work with
long file names. In builds of CAESAR II Version 4.00 up through and including
980122, the file C2PIPENET.EXE is longer than 8.3 characters, and causes the
installation to abort.
This error is caused when the installation can not write a file to the target hard disk. In
addition to the Novell problem noted above, a lack of sufficient access rights will also
cause this error. On some networks, other workstations using the software have caused
this error.
Any build after March 1, 1998 will report the file which can not be installed, prior to
the termination of the installation process.
The software will not startup properly and indicates an ESL (External Software
Lock) problem.
Check that the necessary ESL drivers have been loaded correctly. Refer to
..\caesar\assidrv or ..\caesar\ssidrv for documentation on the drivers. Check the file
patch.ver and insure the correct version (full run, limited run, dealer) has been
installed, and matches your ESL type.
To check that the drivers have been loaded properly, go to ..\caesar\assidrv (for red or
white) ESLs and run HINSTALL -info. For green ESLs, go to ..\caesar\ssidrv and
run CHECKVDD.
Q-1
The Main Menu starts up but attempting to enter the piping input immediately fails.
If this is an NT system, check the program directory for the files OPENGL32.DLL and
GLU32.DLL. These files should not exist in the CAESAR II program directory, as
they are Windows 95 components. Delete these two files. (Windows NT provides
these DLLs as part of the operating system. The Windows 95 versions are not
compatible with Windows NT.)
Try a different input file. If the user takes a pre-3.24 input file and renames it from _a
to ._a, then the logic to upgrade the file to the new format is bypassed. This will crash
the input processor which uses the file name format to detect pre versus post 3.24
versions.
This problem can also be caused by the lack of a configuration file, CAESAR.CFG or
changing the data directory to one containing an out-of-date configuration file.
Only a portion of the window can be seen, some parts or controls are cut off.
CAESAR II was designed to operate in 800x600 resolution with small fonts.
Large fonts, or custom fonts may be too large for this (800x600) resolution. Either
decrease the font size or increase the screen resolution.
When attempting to use a module which uses tab controls, such as: MISC,
C2SETUP, ROT, or PREPIP, some users may get an abort in a debug message
box.
This is probably caused by an out of date COMCTL32.DLL. Ask the user to check the
date of COMCTL32.DLL, usually located in C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM, but wherever
the Windows directory is. The date on the one that works is 8/26/96 or newer, and is
about 378K in size. The one that doesnt work has a date in 1995 and is about 178K.
The only people with this problem are running Win95 OSR1 (OEM Service Release
1). They should get the latest service packs from the Microsoft WEB site.
Q-2
Overview of CAESAR II Interfaces
There are several external interfaces in existence which transfer data between CAESAR II
and other software packages. These interfaces can be accessed via the TOOLS option of
the main menu.
CADWorx (requies AutoCAD)
AUTOCAD (DXF Output)
COMPUTER VISION (mainframe)
INTERGRAPH (mainframe)
CADPIPE (requires AutoCAD)
ISOMET (mainframe)
PDMS (mainframe)
PCF (Alias format)
Users interested in these interfaces should contact COADE for further information. We
anticipate other interfaces in the future. We will keep users updated via the newsletter
or revised documentation.
List of CAESAR II Piping Codes
ANSI B31.1 (1998) November 30, 1999
ANSI B31.3 (1999) April 15, 1999
ANSI B31.4 (1998) April 30, 1999
ANSI B31.4 Chapter IX (1998) April 30, 1999
ANSI B31.5 (1992) August 31, 1994
ANSI B31.8 (1995) December 7, 1995
ANSI B31.8 Chapter VIII (1995) December 7, 1995
ASME SECT III CLASS 2 (1998) July 1, 1999
ASME SECT III CLASS 3 (1998) July 1, 1999
U.S. NAVY 505 (1984)
CANADIAN Z662 (9/95)
BS 806 (1993, ISSUE 1, SEPTEMBER 1993)
SWEDISH METHOD 1 (2ND EDITION STOCKHOLM 1979)
SWEDISH METHOD 2 (2ND EDITION STOCKHOLM 1979)
ANSI B31.1 (1967)
STOOMWEZEN (1989)
RCC-M C (1988)
RCC-M D (1988)
CODETI (1995)
NORWEGIAN (1990, Rev 1)
FBDR (1995)
BS7159 (1989)
UKOOA (1994)
IGE/TD/12 (1990)
DNV (1996)
Q-3
Restraints
Restraint Type Abbreviation
1 - Anchor ........................................................................................... A
2 - Translational Double Acting ............................................ X, Y, or Z
3 - Rotational Double Acting ......................................... RX, RY, or RZ
4 - Guide, Double Acting................................................................ GUI
5 - Double Acting Limit Stop ......................................................... LIM
6 - Translational Double Acting Snubber ............ XSNB,YSNB, ZSNB
7 - Translational Directional ............................. +X, -X, +Y, -Y, +Z, -Z
8 - Rotational Directional .................................... +RX, -RX, +RY, etc.
9 - Directional Limit Stop .................................................. +LIM, -LIM
10 - Large Rotation Rod ..................................... XROD, YROD, ZROD
11 - Translational Double Acting Bilinear ............................ X2, Y2, Z2
12 - Rotational Double Acting Bilinear ......................... RX2, RY2, RZ2
13 - Translational Directional Bilinear ..................... -X2, +X2, -Y2, etc.
14 - Rotational Directional Bilinear ................ +RX2, -RX2, +RY2, etc.
15 - Bottom Out Spring ......................................... XSPR, YSPR, ZSPR
16 - Directional Snubber ......................... +XSNB, -XSNB, +YSNB, etc.
List of Setup File Directives
The following list represents the possible directives which can be controlled by the user
via the CAESAR II configuration file CAESAR.CFG. These directives can be changed
by the user through the use of the CONFIGURE-SETUP program, accessed via MAIN
MENU option #9. Directives are listed in groups corresponding to the configuration
program's menu options.
GEOMETRY DIRECTIVES
CONNECT GEOMETRY THRU CNODES = YES 34
MIN ALLOWED BEND ANGLE = .5000000E+01 36
MAX ALLOWED BEND ANGLE = .9500000E+02 37
BEND LENGTH ATTACHMENT PERCENT = .1000000E+01 38
MIN ANGLE TO ADJACENT BEND PT = .5000000E+01 39
LOOP CLOSURE TOLERANCE = .1000000E+01 42
THERMAL BOWING HORZONTAL TOLERANCE = .1000000E-03 92
AUTO NODE NUMBER INCREMENT= .1000000E+02 109
COMPUTATION CONTROL
USE PRESSURE STIFFENING = DEFAULT 65
ALPHA TOLERANCE = .5000000E-01 33
HANGER DEFAULT RESTRAINT STIFFNESS = .1000000E+13 49
DECOMPOSITION SINGULARITY TOLERANCE = .1000000E+11 50
BEND AXIAL SHAPE = YES 51
FRICTION STIFFNESS = .1000000E+07 45
FRICTION NORMAL FORCE VARIATION = .1500000E+00 47
FRICTION ANGLE VARIATION = .1500000E+02 48
FRICTION SLIDE MULTIPLIER = .1000000E+01 46
ROD TOLERANCE = .1000000E+01 59
Q-4
COMPUTATION CONTROL (Cont.)
ROD INCREMENT = .2000000E+01 58
INCORE NUMERICAL CHECK = NO 60
DEFAULT TRANSLATIONAL RESTRAINT STIFFNESS= .1000000E+13 98
DEFAULT ROTATIONAL RESTRAINT STIFFNESS= .1000000E+13 99
IGNORE SPRING HANGER STIFFNESS = NO 100
MISSING MASS ZPA = EXTRACTED 101
MINIMUM WALL MILL TOLERANCE= .1200000E+02 107
WRC-107 VERSION = MAR 79 1B1/2B1 119
WRC-107 INTERPOLATION = LAST VALUE 120
SIFS AND STRESSES
REDUCED INTERSECTION = B31.1(POST1980) 32
USE WRC329 NO 62
NO REDUCED SIF FOR RFT AND WLT NO 53
B31.1 REDUCED Z FIX = YES 54
CLASS 1 BRANCH FLEXIBILITY NO 55
ALL STRESS CASES CORRODED = NO 35
ADD TORSION IN SL STRESS = DEFAULT 66
ADD F/A IN STRESS = DEFAULT 67
OCCASIONAL LOAD FACTOR = .0000000E+00 41
DEFAULT CODE = B31.3 43
B31.3 SUSTAINED CASE SIF FACTOR = .1000000E+01 40
ALLOW USERS BEND SIF = NO 52
USE SCHNEIDER NO 63
YIELD CRITERION STRESS= MAX 3D SHEAR 108
USE PD/4T NO 64
BASE HOOP STRESS ON NO 57
FRP PROPERTIES
USE FRP SIF = YES 110
USE FRP FLEXIBILITY = YES 111
BS 7159 Pressure Stiffening= Design Strain 121
FRP Property Data File= CAESAR.FRP 122
Axial Modulus of Elasticity = .3200000E+07 113
Ratio Shear Mod : Axial Mod = .2500000E+00 114
Axial Strain : Hoop Stress = .1527272E+00 115
FRP Laminate Type = THREE 116
FRP Alpha = .1200000E+02 117
FRP Density = .6000000E-01 118
PLOT COLORS
PIPES LIGHTCYAN 1
HIGHLIGHTS GREEN 2
LABELS GREEN 3
BACKGROUND BLACK 5
AXES LIGHTRED 15
HANGER/NOZZLES BROWN 16
RIGID/BENDS LIGHTGREEN 17
NODES YELLOW 18
STRUCTURE LIGHTRED 31
DISPLACEDSHAPE BROWN 30
STRESS > LEVEL 5 RED 24
STRESS > LEVEL 4 YELLOW 25
STRESS > LEVEL 3 GREEN 26
STRESS > LEVEL 2 LIGHTCYAN 27
STRESS > LEVEL 1 BLUE 28
Q-5
PLOT COLORS (Cont.)
STRESS < LEVEL 1 DARK BLUE 29
STRESS LEVEL 5 .3000000E+05 19
DATA BASE DEFINITIONS
STRCT DBASE= AISC89.BIN 70
VALVE & FLANGE= CADWORX.VHD 90
EXPANSION JT DBASE= PATHWAY.JHD 91
PIPING SIZE SPECIFICATION ANSI88
DEFAULT SPRING HANGER TABLE = 1 112
SYSTEM DIRECTORY NAME SYSTEM 123
UNITS FILE NAME= ENGLISH.FIL 124
MISCELLANEOUS CONTROL
OUTPUT REPORTS BY LOAD CASE YES 87
DISPLACEMENT NODAL SORTING YES 89
DYNAMIC INPUT EXAMPLE TEXT MAX 94
TIME HIST ANIMATE YES 104
OUTPUT TABLE OF CONTENTS ON 105
INPUT FUNCTION KEYS DISPLAYED YES 106
MEMORY ALLOCATED 6 NA
USER ID " " NA
ENABLE ODBC OUTPUT NO 125
APPEND RE-RUNS TO EXISTING DATA NO 126
ODBC DATAASE NAME <NONE> 127
<BELOW>
Q-6
List of Materials
The CAESAR II material table contains 17 different isotropic materials. Properties and
allowed temperature ranges for each isotropic material are listed below: (see Chapter 5
of the CAESAR II Technical Reference Guide)
MATERIAL ELASTIC POISSONS PIPE TEMPERATURE
NO. NAME MODULUSRATIO DENSITY RANGE
______________________ (psi) _______________ (lb./cu.in) __ (deg.F) __
1 Low Carbon Steel 29.5 E6 0.292 0.28993 -325 1400
2 High Carbon Steel 29.3 E6 0.289 0.28009 -325 1400
3 Carbon Moly Steel 29.2 E6 0.289 0.28935 -325 1400
4 Low Chrome Moly Stl 29.7 E6 0.289 0.28935 -325 1400
5 Med Chrome Moly Stl 30.9 E6 0.289 0.28935 -325 1400
6 Austenitic Stainless 28.3 E6 0.292 0.28930 -325 1500
7 Straight Chromium 29.2 E6 0.305 0.28010 -325 1400
8 Type 310 Stainless 28.3 E6 0.305 0.28990 -325 1400
9 Wrought Iron 29.5 E6 0.300 0.28070 -325 1000
10 Grey Cast Iron 13.4 E6 0.211 0.25580 70 1000
11 Monel 67%Ni/30%Cu 26.0 E6 0.315 0.31870 -325 1400
12 K-Monel 26.0 E6 0.315 0.30610 -325 1400
13 Copper-Nickel 22.0 E6 0.330 0.33850 -325 400
14 Aluminum 10.2 E6 0.330 0.10130 -325 600
15 Copper 99.8% Cu 16.0 E6 0.355 0.32290 70 400
16 Commerci al Brass 17.0 E6 0.331 0.30610 -325 1200
17 Leaded Ti n Bronze 1 14.0 E6 0.330 0.31890 -325 1200
In addition CAESAR II supports material types 18 or 19 for cut short and cut long cold
spring elements.
Material number 20 activates the CAESAR II orthotropic material model (i.e. Fiber-
glass reinforced plastic pipe); default coefficient of expansion is
12.0E-6in./in./F.
Material 21 indicates user defined properties.
Material numbers over 100 are from the Material Data base and include allowable stress
and other piping code data.
Q-7
Intersection Types in CAESAR II
Q-8
CAESAR II TYPE B31.3 TYPE NOTES SKETCH
1 Rei nforced Rei nforced - Used to l ower SI Fs
- Not a fi tti ng
- Modi fi ed Pi pe
2 Unrei nforced Unrei nforced - Routi ne I ntersecti on
- Not a fi tti ng
- Modi fi ed pi pe
- Usual l y the cheapest
3 Wel ded Tee Wel di ng Tee - Usual l y si ze-on-si ze
- Governed by B16.9
- Usual l y the l owest SI F
- Usual l y Expensi ve
4 Sweepol et Wel ded-i n
contour
- "Si t-i n" fi tti ng
- Forged fi tti ng on a pi pe
5 Wel dol et Branch Wel ded
On
- "Si t-on" fi tti ng
- Forged fi tti ng on a pi pe
6 Extruded Extruded
Wel di ng Tee
- Sel dom used
- Used for thi ck wal l mani fol ds
- Extruded from strai ght pi pe
Fabricated Tee
Fabricated Tee
Insert
Fitting
CAESAR II Quick Reference Guide - 1/2000 Q-9
Code Stresses
Listed below are the code stress equations for the actual and allowable stresses used
by CAESAR II. For the listed codes, the actual stress is defined by the left hand side
of the equation and the allowable stress is defined by the right hand side. The
CAESAR II load case label is also listed after the equation.
Typically the load case recommendations made by CAESAR II are sufficient for code
compliance. However, CAESAR II does not recommend occasional load cases.
Occasional loads are unknown in origin and must be specified by the user.
Longitudinal Pressure Stress - Slp
Slp = PD
0
/4t
n
code approximation
Slp = PD
i
2
/(D
0
2

- D
i
2
) code exact equation, CAESAR II default
Operating Stress - unless otherwise specified
S = Slp + Fax/A + Sb < NA (OPE)
B31.1
Sl = Slp + 0.75 i Ma / Z < Sh (SUS)
i Mc / Z < f [ 1.25 (Sc+Sh) - Sl ] (EXP)
Slp + 0.75 i Ma / Z + 0.75 i Mb / Z < k Sh (OCC)
B31.3
Sl = Slp + Fax/A + Sb < Sh (SUS)
sqrt (Sb**2 + 4 St**2) < f [ 1.25 (Sc+Sh) - Sl ] (EXP)
Fax/A + Sb + Slp < k Sh (OCC)
Sb = [sqrt ( (i
i
M
i
)
2
+ (i
0
M
0
)
2
)]/Z
ASME SECT III CLASS 2 & 3
B1 * Pmax Do + B2 * Ma / Z < 1.5 Sh (SUS)
2tn
i Mc / Z < f (1.25 Sc + 0.25 Sh) + Sh - Sl(EXP)
B1 * Slpmax + B2 * (Ma + Mb) / Z < 1.8 Sh and < 1.5 Sy. (OCC)
B31.1 (1967) and Navy Section 505
Sl = Slp + sqrt (Sb**2 + 4 St**2) < Sh (SUS)
sqrt ( Sb**2 + 4 St**2 ) < f (1.25Sc + 0.25Sh + (Sh-Sl))(EXP)
Slp + sqrt (Sb**2 + 4 St**2) < k Sh (OCC)
B31.4
If FAC = 1.0 (fully restrained pipe)
FAC | E dT - S
HOOP
| + S
HOOP
< 0.9 (Syield) (OPE)
If FAC = 0.001 (buried, but soil restraints modeled)
Fax/A - S
HOOP
+ Sb + S
HOOP
(If Slp + Fax/A is compressive)
If FAC = 0.0 (fully above ground)
Slp + Fax/A + Sb + S
HOOP
(If Slp + Fax/A is compressive)
(Slp + Sb + Fax/A) (1.0 - FAC) < (0.75) (0.72) (Syield) (SUS)
sqrt ( Sb**2 + 4 St**2 ) < 0.72 (Syield) (EXP)
(Slp + Sb + Fax/A) (1.0 - FAC) < 0.8 (Syield) (OCC)
B31.4 Chapter IX
Hoop Stress: S
h
<= F
1
S
y
(OPE, SUS, OCC)
Longitudinal Stress: |S
L
| <= 0.8 S
y
(OPE, SUS, OCC)
Equivalent Stress: S
e
<= 0.9 S
y
(OPE, SUS, OCC)
Where:
S
y
= specified minimum yield strength
F
1
= hoop stress design factor (0.60 or 0.72, see Table A402.3.5(a) of the B31.4
Code)
S
h
= (P
i
P
e
) D / 2t
S
L
= S
a
+ S
b
or S
a
- S
b
, whichever results in greater stress value
S
e
= 2[((S
L
- S
h
)/2)
2
+ S
t
2
]
1/2
Q-10
B31.5
sqrt (Sb**2 + 4 St**2) < f [ 1.25 (Sc+Sh) - Sl ] (EXP)
Fax/A + Sb + Slp < k Sh (OCC)
Sb = [sqrt ( (i
i
M
i
)
2
+ (i
0
M
0
)
2
)]/Z
B31.8
Se + Sl < Syield (OPE)
Sl = Slp + Sb < .75 (Syield) (SUS)
Se = sqrt ( Sb**2 + 4 St**2) < 0.72 (Syield) (EXP)
Se + Sl < .75 (Syield) * k (OCC)
B31.8 Chapter VIII
Hoop Stress: S
h
<= F
1
S T (OPE, SUS, OCC)
Longitudinal Stress: |S
L
| <= 0.8 S (OPE, SUS, OCC)
e
<= 0.9 S (OPE, SUS, OCC)
Where:
S = specified minimum yield strength
F
1
= hoop stress design factor (0.50 or 0.72, see Table A842.22 of the B31.8 Code)
T = temperature derating factor (see Table 841.116A of the B31.8 Code)
Note: the product of S and T (i.e., the yield stress at operating temperature) is
required in the SH field of the CAESAR II input
S
h
= (P
i
P
e
) D / 2t
S
L
= maximum longitudinal stress (positive tensile, negative compressive)
S
e
= 2[((S
L
- S
h
)/2)
2
+ S
s
2
]
1/2
S
s
= tangential shear stress
Canadian Z662
If FAC = 1.0 (Fully Restrained Pipe)
|E dT - S
h
| + S
h
< 0.9 S * T (OPE)
If FAC = 0.001 (Burried, But Soil Restraints Modeled)
|F
ax
/ A - S
h
| + S
b
+ S
h
< S * T (OPE)
(If F
ax
/ A - S
h
is compressive)
Canadian Z662 (Continued)
If FAC = 0.0 (Fully Above Ground)
|S
lp
+ F
ax
/ A| + S
b
+ S
h
< S * T (OPE)
(If S
lp
+ F
ax
/ A is compressive)
S
l
= 0.5S
h
+ S
b
< S * F * L * T (SUS, OCC)
S
E
= sqrt [S
b
** 2 + 4S
t
** 2] < 0.72 S * T (EXP)
RCC-M C & D
Slp + 0.75i Ma/Z < Sh (SUS)
iMc/Z < f (1.25 Sc + .25 Sh) + Sh - Sl (EXP)
Slpmax + 0.75i (Ma + Mb)/Z < 1.2 Sh (OCC)
Stoomwezen
Slp + 0.75i Ma/Z < f (SUS)
iMc/Z < fe (EXP)
Slp + 0.75i (Ma + Mb)/Z < 1.2f (OCC)
CODETI
sqrt (Sb **2 + 4St **2) < f [1.25 (Sl + Sh)] - Sl (EXP)
Slp + Fax/A + iMa/Z + iMb/Z < Ksh (OCC)
Sb = [ Sqrt ((i
i
M
i
)
2
+ (i
0
M
0
)
2
] /Z
Norwegian
Sl = PDi
2
+ .75 i Ma < Sh (SUS)
Eff(D
0
2
-D
i
2
) Z
iMc/Z < Sh + Sr - Sl (EXP)
PmaxDi
2
+ .75i (Ma + Mb) < 1.2 Sh (OCC)
Eff(D
0
2
-D
i
2
) Z
M = sqrt (M
x
2
+ M
y
2
+ M
z
2
)
Sr = Minimum of 1.25 Sc + 0.25 Sh; F
r
R
s
-F
2
; or F
r
(1.25R
1
+ 0.25R
2
)
(The latter applies to temperatures over 370c; 425c for Austenitic
stainless steel)
Norwegian (Continued)
F
r
= Cyclic reduction factor
R
s
= Permissable extent of stress for 7000 cycles
R
1
= Minimum of Sc and 0.267 R
m
R
2
= Minimum of Sh and 0.367 R
m
R
m
= Ultimate tensile strength at room temperature
FBDR
Sl = Slp + 0.75 i Ma / Z < Sh (SUS)
i Mc / Z < f [ 1.25 (Sc+Sh) - Sl ] (EXP)
Slp + 0.75 i Ma / Z + 0.75 i Mb / Z < k Sh (OCC)
BS 7159
If S
x
is tensile:
( )
sqrt S 4S
x
2
s
2
+
< Sh (OPE)
and
( )
sqrt S 4S
2
s
2
+
< Sh*E
H
/E
A
(OPE)
or, if S
x
is compressive:
S S
x x

< Sh*E
H
/E
A
(OPE)
and
S
x
< 1.25Sh (OPE)
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
S
P D
t
sqrt i M i M
Z
x
m
xi i xo o
+
+
1
]
1
4
2 2
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
P D
t
sqrt i M i M
Z
F
A
m
xi i xo o
x
4
2 2
1
]
1
(I f F
x
/A > P(D
m
)/(4t), and i t i s compressi ve)
( )
S
MP D
t
m

( ) 2
(for straight pipes)

( )
( ) ( )
+
+
_
,
1
]
1
MP D
t
sqrt i M i M
Z
m
i i o o
( ) 2
2 2

(for bends)
Q-13
BS7159 (Continued)

( )
( ) ( )
( )
+
+
1
]
1
MP D
t
sqrt i M i M
Z
m
xi i xo o
( ) 2
2 2
(for tees) ,

D and are always for the Run Pipe
m
t
Eff = Ratio of E
to E
x
UKOOA
a
b
(f
2
/r) + PD
m
/ (4t) (f
1
f
2
LTHS) / 2.0
Where:
P = design pressure
D
m
= pipe mean diameter
t = pipe wall thickness
f
1
= factor of safety for 97.5% lower confidence limit, usually 0.85
f
2
= system factory of safety, usually 0.67
a
b
= axial bending stress due to mechanical loads
r = a(0:1) /a(2:1)
a(0:1) = long term axial tensile strength in absence of pressure load
a(2:1) = long term axial tensile strength in under only pressure loading
LTHS = long term hydrostatic strength (hoop stress allowable)
BS 806
Straight Pipe
< S
A
OPE
f
c
= sqrt(F
2
+ 4f
s
2
) < S
A
SUS
< S
A
EXP
f
s
= M
t
(d + 2t) / 4I
F = max (f
t
, f
L
)
f
t
= pd/2t + 0.5p
f
L
= pd
2
/[4t(d + t)] + (d + 2t)[sqrt(m
i
2
+ m
o
2
)] / 2I
Bends
< S
A
OPE
f
c
= sqrt (F
2
+ 4 f
s
2
) < S
A
SUS
< S
A
EXP
f
s
= M
t
(d + 2t) /4I
F = max (f
t
, f
L
)
Q-14
BS806 (Continued)
f
t
= r/I * sqrt[(m
i
F
Ti
)
2
+ (m
0
F
To
)
2
]
f
s
= r/I * sqrt[(m
i
F
Li
)
2
+ (m
0
F
Lo
)
2
]
Branch Junctions
< S
A
OPE
f
cb
= q * sqrt[f
b
2
+ 4f
sb
2
] < S
A
SUS
< S
A
EXP
f
b
= (d + t)*p*m/(2t) + r/I*sqrt[(m
i
F
TL
)
2
+ (m
o
F
TO
)
2
]
F
sb
= Mt (d + 2t) / 4I
q = 1.0 except for operating cases
= .5 or .44 bases on d
2
/d
1
ratio in operating cases
m = geometric parameter
EXP S
A
= min[H*S
proof

ambient
+ H*S
proof

design
),
OPE S
A
= S
avg rupture
at design temperature
SUS S
A
= min[.8*S
proof
, S
creep

rupture
]
Det Norske Veritas (DNV)
Hoop Stress: S
h
<= n
s
SMYS (OPE, SUS, OCC)
Hoop Stress: S
h
<= n
u
SMTS (OPE, SUS, OCC)
Longitudinal Stress: S
L
<= n SMYS (OPE, SUS, OCC)
e
<= n SMYS (OPE, SUS, OCC)
Where:
S
h
= (P
i
P
e
) (D t) / 2t
n
s
= hoop stress yielding usage factor (see Tables C1 and C2 of the DNV Code)
SMYS = specified minimum yield strength, at operating temperature
n
u
= hoop stress bursting usage factor (see Tables C1 and C2 of the DNV Code)
SMTS = specified minimum tensile strength, at operating temperature
S
L
= maximum longitudinal stress
n = equivalent stress usage factor (see Table C4 of the DNV Code)
S
e
= [S
h
2
+ S
L
2
- S
h
S
L
3t
2
]
1/2
Q-15
Node Locations on Bends
Bends are defined by the element entering the bend and the element leaving the bend. The
actual bend curvature is always physically at the TO end of the element entering the bend.
The element leaving a bend must appear immediately after the element defining (entering)
the bend.
The default bend radius is 1.5 times the pipe nominal OD.
For stress and displacement output the TO node of the element entering the bend is
located geometrically at the FAR point on the bend. The FAR point is at the weldline
of the bend, and adjacent to the straight element leaving the bend.
The NEAR point on the bend is at the weldline of the bend, and adjacent to the straight
element entering the bend.
The FROM point on the element is located at the NEAR point of the bend if the total
length of the element as specified in the DX, DY and DZ fields is equal to: Radius * tan(
Beta / 2 ) where Beta is the bend angle, and Radius is the bend radius of curvature to
the bend centerline.
Nodes defined in the ANGLE # and NODE # fields are placed at the given angle on the
bend curvature. The angle starts with zero degrees at the NEAR point on the bend and
goes to Beta degrees at the FAR point of the bend.
Angles are always entered in degrees.
By default, nodes on the bend curvature cannot be specified within five (5) degrees of one
another or within five degrees of the nearest endpoint. This and other bend settings may
be changed through the MAIN MENU, CONFIGURE-SETUP processor. (See pp Q5-6)
When the FROM node on the element entering the bend is not at the bend NEAR point
a node may be placed at the near point of the bend by entering an ANGLE # on the bend
spreadsheet equal to 0.0 degrees. (See the following figure.)
When defining a bend element for the first time in the pipe spreadsheet, nodes are
automatically placed at the near and mid point of the bend. The generated midpoint node
number is one less than the TO node number on the element, and the generated near point
node number is two less than the TO node number on the element. A near point should
always be included in the model in tight, highly formed piping systems.
The top-left figure below shows the points on the bend as they would be input. The top-
right figure shows the actual geometric location of the points on the bend. The bottom-
left figure shows the same geometry except that two nodes are defined on the bend
curvature at angles of zero and forty-five degrees.
Q-16
CAESAR II Combined Index
The following index is a Combined Index, consisting of the index entries from all three
CAESAR II manuals. In this Combined Index, entries preceded with a U are referencing
the Users Guide, entries preceded with an A are referencing the Applications Guide,
and entries preceded with a T are referencing the Technical Reference Manual.
Numerics
180 degree return (fitting-to-fitting 90 deg.
bends)A2-6
3-D graphicsU5-38
3-D spaceT3-5
A
AbsU8-18
Absolute
Expansion loadT6-4
MethodT5-72, T5-75
Acceleration
FactorT5-68
VectorT5-49, T5-58
Access protected dataT2-28
Account numberT7-2
AccountingT7-2
File T7-7
MenuT7-3
Summary reportsT7-2
SystemT7-2
Accounting file structureT7-7
Acoustic
Flow problemsT5-51
ResonancesT5-85
ShockT5-88
VibrationT5-4
WavesA7-29
Activate accounting tabT7-3
Activate bourdon effectsT3-85
Actual cold loadsU6-19
Actual pressureT2-20
AddT4-3
Add f/a in stressesT2-11
Add torsion in sl stressT2-11
Added mass coefficientT6-33
Adding snubbersT5-45
AdvancedU8-27, U8-31
Advanced parametersT5-82, U8-19
Advanced parameters show screenU8-10
Airy wave theoryT6-29
Airy wave theory implementationT6-32
AISC 1977 databaseT4-47
AISC 1989 databaseT4-51
AISC databaseU10-5
AISC output reportsU12-47
AISC unity checks
Allow sideswayU12-42
Allowable stress increase factorU12-41
Bending coefficientU12-42
Double angle spacingU12-46
Fixity coefficientsU12-46
Form factor qaU12-42
Member typeU12-44
Stress reduction factorsU12-41
Structural codeU12-41
All cases corrodedT2-10
Allow short range springsT3-32, T3-81
Allow sideswayU12-42
Allow users sif at bendT2-9
Allowable
Load variationT3-31, T3-81
StressT2-38, T3-54, T6-41, T6-78
Stress tablesT3-59
Allowable stress increase factorU12- 41
Allowable stressesU5-15
Allowed travel limitT3-32
AlphaT4-6
Alpha toleranceT2-4, T3-8, U5-5
Alpha tolerance valueT6-7
Alternating pressureT5-87
Ambient temperatureT3-61, T3-62, T3- 87, U5-5
Analysis
TypeT5-49
Analysis menuU4-6
Analysis type (harmonic/spectrum/ modes/time-
history)T5-49
Analytical modelT6-67
Analyzing the dynamics job
EigensolverU8-33
Mode shapesU8-33
Performing a harmonic analysis
Forcing frequencyU8-34
Phase angleU8-34
Performing a modal analysis
EigensolverU8-33
Frequency cutoffU8-33
Modes of vibrationU8-33
Natural frequenciesU8-33
Sturm sequence checkU8-33
Q-18
Performing a spectral analysis
Mass participation factorsU8-35
Selection of phase angles
Harmonic resultsU8-34
Harmonic stressU8-34
AnchorT3-24
AnchorsA3-2, T3-100
Anchors with displacementsA3-3
Anchors, flexibleA3-5
AngleT3-12, T4-23, T4-25
Angle fieldA2-2
Angle to adjacent bendA2-3
Angular
Forcing frequencyT5-49
FrequencyT5-57, T5-58
StiffnessT3-74
Angular gimbalA5-26
Animation
MotionU7-18
Animation of dynamic resultsU9-14
Dynamic animationU9-14
AnimationU9-15
Dynamics review optionsU9- 15
ANSI
A58.1T6-22, T6-25
B16.5U12-23
B36.10T3-6
B36.10 Steel Pipe NumbersT3-6
B36.19T3-6
Nominal Pipe ODT3-6
API 560 (fired heaters for general refinery
services)U12-73
API 605 rating tablesU12-23
API 610 (centrifugal pumps)U12-57
API 617 (centrifugal compressors)U12-64
API 661 (air cooled heat exchangers)U12-66
API-650
delta tT3-45
fluid heightT3-44
nozzle heightT3-44
nozzlesT3-43
reinforcing 1 or 2T3-44
specific gravityT3-44
tank coefficient of thermal expansionT3-44
tank diameterT3-44
tank modulus of elasticityT3-45
tank wall thicknessT3-44
Applicable wave theory determinationT6-30
Applied load vectorT5-49
ArchiveA8-33, U6-13
ArchivingT9-12
Archiving and reinstallingU1-8
AreaT4-8
ASCE #7 wind loadsU6-9
ASME
Piping codesT6-94
Sect. IIIT2-12, T6-98
Sect. III Piping CodeT6-98
Sect. VIII Division 2T6-41
ASME III subsections NC and ND T6-100
ASME Sect. IIIT2-12
Australian 1990 databaseT4-59
Auto node number incrementT2-13
AutorunU2-22
Auxiliary
DataT3-93
Element dataT8-67
ProcessorsT1-2
Auxiliary data areaU5-9
Auxiliary data fields
Auxiliary screensU5-9
Expansion joint
Effective diameter of bellowsU5-10
Pressure thrust in expansion joints
U5-10
Auxiliary element dataT8-66
Auxiliary fields
boundary conditionsT3-23
component informationT3-11
imposed loadsT3-49
piping code dataT3- 54
Available commandsT3-65, U6-5
Available expansion joint end- typesT3-76
Available spaceT3-30, T3-76
AxesT2-17
Axial
BendingT6-79
Elastic modulusT2-21
Expansion stressT6-101
ModulusT3-9
RestraintT3-61
Shape functionT2-3
StiffnessT6-8
StressT6-74, T6-78, T6-101
Axial deflectionA5-4
Axial member forceU12-46
Axial strain
Hoop Stress (Ea/Eh*Vh/a)T2-21
Axial tensile strengthT6-79, T6-114
B
B1T3-18
B2T3-18
B31.1T6-94, T6-109
(post 1980)T2-11
(pre 1980)T2-11
reduced z fixT2-12
B31.3T6-95
sustained case SIF factorT2-8
B31.4T6-96
B31.4 Chapter IX T6-97
B31.8T6-98
B31.8 chapver VIII T6-99
BackfillU11-11
BackgroundT2-17
Ball JointsA6-5
BandwidthU6-12
Bandwidth optimizerT3-88
Base hoop stressT2-10
Base patternT4-18
Basic element dataT8-64, T8-66
load casesU6-16
loading caseT6-5
material yield strengthT3-60
operationU3-5
Batch modeT7-8
Batch runU6-2
Batch stream processorT7-8
BeamsT4-28
FixT4-29
FreeT4-29
BellowsT3-78, T6-9
Allowed torsionT3-75
Bellows application notesT3-76
Bellows IDA5-2
Bellows, tiedA5-4
BendT3-11
Axial shapeT2-3
CurvatureT2-14
Length attachment percentT2-14
MiterT3-12
NodeT3-21
RadiusT3-12, T6-85
Bend
angleA2-2, A2-3
auxiliary inputA2-4
dataU5-9
definitionA2-2
length attachment percentT2-14
radiusA2-2
stress intensification factorsU12-5
Bending coefficientU12-42
Bending stiffnessT6-8
Bending stressU12-14
BendsA2-1, T3-11
Bends with trunnionsU12-7
Bends, doubleA2-4
Bends, single-flangedA2-4
Bends, stiffenedA2-4
Bends, teesT3-101
Bilinear
RestraintsA3-47
SpringsU11-9
SupportsA3-47, U11-9
Block operationsT3-93
Bolts and gasketU12-20
Bonney forge sweepoletsT3-18, T6-90
Bottom-outA4-15
Bottom-out springA4-23
Boundary conditionsU5-6, U9-12
Bourdon pressureT3-85
BoxhT4-8
BoxwT4-8
BracesT4-30
FixT4-30
FreeT4-30
Branch
Combined stressT6-75
ConnectionsT3-17, T3-18
FlexibilitiesT6-15
Pipe spreadsheetT3-20
Stress intensificationT3-20
Torsional stressT6-75
Branch error and coordinate promptsT3-85
BreakT3-66
Break commandT3-65
BrowserU2-15
BS 5500
nozzlesT3-45
radio buttonT3-45
BS 7159T3-10, T6-113
codeT3-18, T6-66, T6-74
pressure stiffeningT2-20
BS 806T6-104, U12-6
17.3.1T6-104
Building elementsT4-15
Building spectrum / time history load casesT5-25
Building static load casesU6-6
Building the load casesU3-10
Buoyancy forceT6-31
Buried pipe
displacementsU11-4
exampleU11-13
restraintsU11-3
Butt weldT3-18, T3-64
Butt-welded teesT3-18
BYT4-14
C
Cad interfacesT8-4
CadcentreT8-63
Cadpipe example transferT8-8
Cadpipe interfaceT8-5
Cadpipe logT8-18
Cadpipe log file discussionT8-13
Cadpipe/CAESAR II data transferT8- 17, T8-18
CADWorx/PIPET3-68, U1-3
databaseT2-23, T3-67
directoryT3-68
linkT8-4
CAESAR II
fatal error processingT7- 10
file guideT9-2
gas thrust load calculationsA7-9
initial capabilities (12/ 84)T10-2
log fileT8-21
neutral file interfaceT8- 63
operational (job) data filesT9-12
quick startU3-2
underground pipe modelerU11-2
version 1.1s features (2/ 86)T10-3
version 2.0a features (10/ 86)T10-4
version 2.1c features (6/ 87)T10-5
version 2.2b features (9/ 88)T10-6
version 3.0 features (4/ 90)T10-7
version 3.21 changes & enhancements
(7/94)T10-18
(4/95)T10-20
version 3.23 changes (3/ 96)T10-22
(3/97)T10-23
version 4.00 changes and enhancements
(1/98)T10-26
version 4.10 changes and enhancements
(1/99)T10-27
Caesar.cfgT2-2
Calculate actual cold loadsT3-81
Canadian
Z184T6-100
Z662T6-102
CaseU9-16
Center of gravity reportU3-10
TutorialU3-10
Change passwordT2-28
Checking nozzle loadsA9-21
Checking the installationU2-11
Chopped strand matT2-20, T3-11, T6- 84,
T6-113
Circumferential
(hoop) directionT3-57, T3-59
StressT6-74
WeldT3-18
Weld joint efficiencyT3-56, T3-59
Weld strength factorT3-59, T6-110
Class 1
Branch flexibilityT2-12, T6-13
Flexibility calculationsT2-12
Intersection flexibilitiesT6-13
Closely spaced mitered bendA2-8
Closely spaced mode criteriaT5-67
CNodeA3-6, A3-22, A3-32, T3-24, T3-96,
T5- 46
Code
ComplianceT3-55, T6-18, T6-90, U8-5
Code stresses for dynamicsU9-7
Code-calculatedT3-20
Code-calculated stressT3-21
Code-calculated valuesT3-19
CodesT3-55
Codes and databasesT10-12
Code-specific notesT6-94
CODETI T6-111
Cold
Allowable stressT3-55, T6-96
Load caseT6-88
Load designT3-28
Loads U6-19
ModulusT3-62
Spring A6-8, T3-8, T3-9, T6-4
Spring elementT6-5
SustainedT6-20
Column reportsU7-5
ColumnsT4-32
FixT4-32
FreeT4-32
Combination casesA7-30
Combination load casesU6-16, U6-17
Combination methodU8-18
Combined stressT6-74
Combining independent piping systemsT3-89
Combining static and dynamic resultsT5-33
CommandsT1-2, U6-5
Compressed formattingT9-7
CompressionT6-70
Computation controlT2-3
Computational interfacesT8-81
Computed mass flowrateT5-96
Computed mass flowrate (vent gas)T5-92
Computervision interfaceT8-20, T8-21
Computervision/CAESAR II data transferT8-21
Concentrated forcesU8-2
Concentric reducer modelingA6-3
Concentric reducersA6-2
ConclusionsA8-42
ConfigurationT1-2, U2-12
ProgramT3-6
SpreadsheetsT2-2
Configure
SetupT3-102
Setup routineT3-70
ButtonT2-2
Configure-setupgeometryA2-3
Connect geometry through CNodesA4-12, T2-13
Connecting node displacementsA4-10
Connecting nodesA4-10, A7-79, T2-13, T3-24,
U10-19
Conservative cutoffT5-66
Constant effort hangerT6-12
Constant effort supportT6-12
Constant effort support designA4-5
Constant force valueT6-16
Construction design factorT6-101
Construction elementU5-5
Control
KeysT3-98
ParametersT1-2
Control informationT8-64
Control parametersU8-5, U8-10, U8-13, U8-19,
U8-26, U8-31
Controlling the dynamic solutionT5-3
Convergence errorT2-4
Convert input to new unitsT2-32
Converting forces/moments in CAESAR II
global coordinates to WRC 107 local
axesA7-83
ConvolutionsT3-76
Corroded effective section modulusT6-91
Corroded pipelines, B31G
Calculating corroded areaU12-27
Flaw LengthU12-27
Corroded stress calculationsT6-96
CorrosionT2-10, T3-7
CoversT3-79
Cpu time usedT7-2
Crane databaseT2-23, T3-67
Create a new units fileT2-30
Create tableT5-24
Creating a more accurate modelA9-12
Creep rupture design stress valueT3- 60
Creep rupture stressT3-56
Critical dampingT5-68
Cross section areaT4-8
Crotch RT3-17
Crotch radiusT3-17
Cryogenic piping dynamics exampleA7-36
Cumulative usageU9-8
Current dataT6-37
Current profileT6-31
Curve boundaryT3-39
Curved pipeT3-18
Cut longT6-5
Cut shortT3-8, T6-5
Cutoff
See non-conservative, conservative, and
optimalT5-66
Cutoff frequencyU8-10
Cyclic frequencyT5-57
Cyclic reduction factorT3-59, T6-86, T6-96
Cyclic reduction factor fieldsT3-62
Cyclic stress rangeU8-2
D
Damped harmonicsT5-51
DampingT5-50, T5-68, U8-13
Damping matrixT5-49
Damping ratioT5-58, T5-75
Data
DirectoryT3-102
FilesT9-4, T9-12
SetT9-5
Data fieldsU5-3
Data matrix interfaceT8-52, T8-79
Data processing - statT4-45
Database definitionsT2-22
Decomposition singularity toleranceT2-5, T5-82
Default
codeT2-7
restraint stiffnessT2-6
rotational restraint stiffnessT2-6
spring hanger tableT2-23
translational restraint stiffnessT2-6
Defining global restraints - fixT4-34
Defining response spectra profilesT5- 38
Defining time history profilesT5-17
Definition of a load caseU6-15
Degree-of-freedom oscillatorT5-77
DeleteT3-94, T4-3
Delta xT3-3
Delta yT3-3
Delta zT3-3
DensT4-6
DensitiesT3-10, U5-8
DensityT2-36
Depth-decay functionT6-36
Design
CADWorx/PIPEU1-3
Design strainT2-20, T6-74
Design stressT3-57
Det Norske Veritas (DNV) T6-116
Diagnostics menuU4-9
Diagnostics-error reviewT7-10
Diagonal damping matrixT5-58
Diagonal stiffness matrixT5-58
DiameterT3-6
Diameter fieldT3-6
Differences between the 1977 and 1989 AISC
codesU12-49
Diffraction effectsT6-36
Din nominal pipe odT3-6
Din pipe schedulesT3-7
DirectionT5-11, T5-14, T5-25, T5-38, T5-43
Directional combination methodT5-79
Directory structureT9-2
Discontiguous systemsA7-79
Discussion of resultsA7-45
Displaced shapeT2-17
DisplacementT3-48, T5-14
ComponentsT6-47
LoadsT6-4
RangeT6-18
ReportsT2-25
VectorT5-49, T5-58
Displacement load caseU6-17
Displacement reportA7-16, A7-30
Displacement reports sorted by nodesT2-25
Displacement stress rangeA8-27
Displacement submenuU7-14
Displacement vectorA3-4
DisplacementsT3-48, U5-12, U7-6, U9-5
Displaying element informationT3- 100
Distance to opposite-side stiffener or headT3-41,
T3-47
Distance to stiffener or headT3-41, T3- 47
Dlf curvesT5-88
DLF spectrum generatorU8-23
Double angle spacingU12-46
Double sum method (DSRSS)T5-74
Double-acting restraint (rotational)A3-18
Double-acting restraintsA3-17
Drag coefficientT6-39
Driving frequenciesU8-5
Driving frequencyT5-85, T5-87
Dual gimbalA5-30
Dummy leg, verticalA3-36
DuplicateT3-94
Duplicate dialog boxT3-94
DxT3-3
Dx,Dy,DzT4-14
Dxf autocad interfaceT8-4
Dxf fileT8-4
DyT3-3
Dynamic
AnalysesT5-61
Control parametersT1-2
Displacement criteriaT5-85
Earthquake loadingT3-87
EarthquakesT6-22
Equation of motionT5-49
Example input textT2-26
InputT1-2
Input processorT5-47
LoadT5-3
Load factorT5-52, T5-54, T5-63, T8- 82,
T8-87
Load factor spectrumT5-56
LoadsT5-51
ProblemT5-51
Dynamic amplitudeU8-2
Dynamic analysis inputT5-2
Dynamic analysis input processor
Dynamic analysis typesU8-7
Dynamic input commandsU8-8
Initiating dynamic inputU8-6
Prerequisites for dynamic inputU8- 6
Dynamic animationU9-14
Dynamic capabilities
Harmonic analysisU8-2
Concentrated forcesU8-2
Cyclic stress rangeU8-2
Dynamic amplitudeU8-2
Equipment start-upU8-2
Fluid pulsationU8-2
Forcing frequenciesU8-2
Phase angleU8-2
Rotating equipmentU8-2
VibrationU8-2
Modal analysisU8-2
Mode shapesU8-2
Natural frequencyU8-2
Spectrum analysisU8-2
Impulse analysisU8-2
Relief valveU8-2
Response spectrum methodU8-2
Response vs. frequency spectraU8-2
Sustained stresses in spectrum
analysisU8-2
Time history analysisU8-3
Dynamic capabilities in CAESAR IIU8-2
Dynamic example input textT2-26
Dynamic imbalanceU8-12
Dynamic load case numberU8-18
Dynamic load factorU8-20
Dynamic load specificationU8-5
Dynamic output processorU9-2
Boundary conditionsU9-12
Friction resistanceU9-12
Nonlinear restraintsU9-12
Forces/stresses, dynamicsU9-8
Global forces, dynamicsU9-7
Harmonic resultsU9-2
General resultsU9-3
Included mass dataU9-11
% Force activeU9-11
% Force addedU9-12
% Mass includedU9-11
Extracted modesU9-11
Missing mass correctionU9- 11
System responseU9-11
Local forces, dynamicsU9-6
Mass modelU9-12
Lumped massesU9-12
Mass participation factorsU9-9
Modes mass normalizedU9-10
Modes unity normalizedU9-10
Report types, dynamics
Displacements, dynamic outputU9-5
Report optionsU9-5
Restraints, dynamicsU9-5
Maximum load on restraintsU9-5
Maximum modal contributionU9-5
Mode identification lineU9-5
Spectrum resultsU9-3
Static/dynamic combinationsU9-3
Stresses, dynamicsU9-7
Code stresses for dynamicsU9-7
Stress intensification factorsU9-7
Stress reportU9-7
Time history resultsU9-3
Dynamic responsesU8-3
DzT3-3
E
E mod / axialT2-37
Earthquake
EffectsT5-3
LoadT5-53
Load magnitudesT6-22
LoadsT3-87
SpectrumT5-68, U8-14
Static load casesT6-22
Earthquake input spectrum
Spectrum definitionsU8-14
Response spectrum tableU8- 14
Shock definitionU8-14
Spectrum dataU8-14
Spectrum nameU8-14
Spectrum load cases
EarthquakeU8-16
El Centro earthquake dataU8- 17
Independent support motionU8-17
Spectrum load cases exampleU8-17
Static/dynamic combinations
ABSU8-18
Combination methodU8-18
Hanger sizing for dynamicsU8-18
Occasional allowable stressU8-18
Occasional dynamic stressesU8-18
Occasional StressU8-18
Piping codes for earthquakesU8-18
SRSSU8-18
Sustained static stressesU8- 18
EarthquakesU8-24
Eccentric reducer modelingA6-4
Eccentric reducersA6-2
Edit menuU5-24
EffT3-58
Eff, cf, zT2-36
Effective
diameterU5-10
gasket modulusU12-23
idT3-15
massT5-78
EfillT4-16
EgenT4-18
EigensolutionT5-57, U8-5
EigensolverU8-33
Eigensolver algorithmT5-54
EigenvalueT5-57
EJMA (expansion joint manufacturers
association)U12-33
El centroU8-15
Elastic ModulusT2-38, T3-61, T3-62, T6-83
Elbows - different wall thicknessA2- 13
Elbows, pressure-balancedA5-32
ElemT4-15
Element
DuplicationT3-94
ListT3-93
RotationT3-94
Element lengthU11-4
Element lengthsU5-3
Element offsetsT3-5
Elemental volume plotsT3-102
ElevationT6-27
Elevation table entryT6-25
End connection informationT4-26
End connectionsU10-6
Ending frequencyT5-8
Ending the input sessionA8-25
Endurance limitT5-52
Entering existing springs (no design)A4-7
Entering the dynamic analysis input menuU8-6
Entity informationT8-14
Entry into the processorU9-2
Entry into the static output processorU7-2
Equation
for pipe under complete axial restraintT3-61
for stressT3-61
ModelingT6-104
Equipment and component evaluationU12-2
Bend SIFs
TrunnionU12-6
Bends with trunnions
TrunnionsU12-7
Equipment checksU12-2
Flanges attached to bend ends
BS-806U12-6
FlexibilityU12-6
OvalizationU12-6
Intersection SIFsU12-3
Pressure stiffening
Flexibility factorU12-6
Stress intensification factorU12-6
Stress concentrations and intensifications
Peak stress indexU12-7
Stress concentration factorU12-7
TrunnionU12-7
Equipment start-upU8-2
Equipment vibrationT5-4
Equivalent stress failureT6-70
Equivalent wind pressureT6-25
Error checkingU6-2
Commands, error checkingU6-5
Errors, warnings, and notesU6-2
Error checking the modelU3-9
Error code definitionsT8-13, T8-14
Error handling and analyzing the jobU8-32
Errors
Errors and warningsU3-9
ESLU2-9, U8-32
driversU2-17
installation on a networkU2-20
menuU4-10
Estimated number of significant figures in
eigenvaluesT5-82
Evaluating pump discharge loadsA9-2
Evaluating vessel stressesT6-41
Examples
Dynamic analysisA7-58
Dynamic analysis of independent support
earthquake excitationA7-36
Dynamic analysis of water hammer loads
A7-20
Harmonic analysisA7-2
Jacketed pipingA7-72
Multiple load- case spring-hanger design
T3- 34
Natural frequency analysisA7-2
Nema sm23A7-95
Omega loop modelingA7-66
Relief valve loadsA7-7
Structural analysisA7-47
WRC 107A7-82
Example transferT8-29
Excitation frequencyU8-11
Exe files - requiredT9-3
Executing static analysisU3-12, U6-11
Existing file to start fromT2-31
Existing springsA4-7
ExitU2-19
Exit pipe end flow conditionsT5-97
Exp. coeff.T2-38
Expansion
AllowableT6-95, T6-101, T6-102
Case allowable stressT3-62
JointsT6-8
Load caseT6-88
StressT3-61, T3-62
Stress allowableT3-60
Stress rangeT6-18, T6-19
StressesT6-18
Expansion coefficientT2-38, T3-62
Expansion jointU5-10
ModelerT3-70, T3-74
StylesT3-77
Expansion joint design notesT3-75
Expansion joint ratingA5-10, U12-33
EJMAU12-33
Maximum axial movementU12-33
Maximum lateral deflectionU12-33
Maximum rotationU12-33
OutputU12-36
Expansion jointsA5-1, A5-2, T2-23, T3- 15,
T3-84, T6-8, U5-5, U5-28
DatabaseT2-23
ModelT3-70, T3-74
Expansion joints and rigidsT3-100
Expansion load casesU3-10, U6-18
Expansion stressesA8-27
Exponential formatT3-3
Extended
Operating conditionsT3-8, T3-9
RangeT3-28
External software lock
ESL updatingU4-10
Local ESLU2-20
Network ESLU2-20
Extra thermal caseT6-6
ExtractedT2-3, T5-77
Extracted mode shapesT6-46
Extracted modesU9-11
F
F1, rrgT2-38
F2, rmgT2-39
F3, rmminT2-39
FacT2-37, T3-61
FactorT5-25, T5-33
Fatal error dialogU6-3
Fatigue
Curve dataT3-64
CycleT3-58
EvaluationsT3-64
FactorT3-58
TestT6-90
Fatigue (FAT)U6-7, U6-16
analysis of piping systemsT6-51
analysis using CAESAR IIT6-50
basicsT6-50
capabilities in dynamic analysisT6-61
curveU5-15
curve dataU5-16
curve dialogU5-16
failureU9-8
load casesU9-8
loadingsU7-11
stress typesU6-7, U8-11, U8-17, U9-8
Fatigue-type load casesU7-11
FDBRT6-113
Fetch lengthT6-28
Fiberglass reinforced plasticT2-19, T3-9, T3-11,
T6-90, T6-111
Fiberglass reinforced plastic piping systems
T3-85
Fiber-matrix compositeT6-68
File
Clean up filesT9-2
CompatibilityT6-10
File menuU4-3, U5-22
Files-accountingT7-7
FilletT3-18
Fillet weldT3-64
Final CAESAR II dataT8-17
Finite length expansion jointsT3-15
Fitting
Flexibility factorT2-19
Outside radiusT3-17
Fitting thicknessT3-13
Fixity coefficients, AISCU12-46
Flange databaseT3-66
Flange leakage and stress calculationsT10-9,
U12-18
Flange leakageU12-18
MethodologyU12-18
Flange rating
ANSI B16.5U12-23
API 605U12-23
Rating TablesU12-23
Leak pressure ratio
Gasket FactorU12-23
Flange ratingU12-23
Flanged endsT3-67
Flanges attached to bend endsU12-6
Flaw lengthU12-27
FlexibilitiesT6-45
Flexibility
AnalysisT3-62
FactorT2-19, T3-10, T3-12, T6-85
MatrixT6-18
OrientationT3-46
Flexible anchorsA3-5
Flexible anchors with predefined
displacementsA3-6
Flexible nozzle (WRC bulletin 297)A3-8
Flexible nozzle w/ complete vessel modelA3-12
Flexible nozzle w/ predefined displacements
A3-11
Flexible nozzlesU5-19
Fluid
Bulk modulusT5-96
HammerT5-6
Fluid densityT3-10, T5-96
Fluid loadsT6-31
Fluid pulsationU8-2
FnT3-58
ForceT5-11, T5-24, T5-38, T5-58
Orthogonalization after convergenceT5-84
SetsT5-59
Spectrum analysisT5-56
Force response spectrum definitionsT5-23
Force set #T5-26, T5-39
Force setsU8-5, U8-24, U8-28, U8-30
Force spectrum analysisT5-56
Force spectrum methodologyU8-20
Force spectrum nameT5-23
ForcesT3-49, T3-75, U5-13
Forces and momentsT3-49
Forces at elbowsT5-6
Forces, moments, displacementsT3-101
Forces/moments submenuU7-15
Forces/stressesU9-8
Force-time profilesU8-28, U8-29
Forcing frequencyU8-2, U8-34
Form factor QAU12-42
Free
Anchor/Restraint at nodeT3-35
Free codeA4-13, T3-36
Free end connections - freeT4-26
French petrochemical codeT6-20
FrequencyU8-13
Array spacesT5-84
CutoffT5-63, T5-65, U8-33
Friction
Angle variationT2-5
CoefficientT3-26
Normal force variationT2-4
Restraint stiffnessT2-4
Slide multiplierT2-5
StiffnessT2-4
Stiffness factorT5-62
Friction angle variationT2-5
Friction effectsU8-4
Friction normal force variationT2-4
Friction resistanceU9-12
Friction restraintsU8-4
Friction slide multiplierT2-5
Friction stiffnessT2-4, U8-4
From node numberT3-3
Frp
Alpha (e-06)T2-21
AnalysisT6-81
DataT9-6
Modulus of elasticityT2-21
Pipe densityT2-21
Property data fileT2-20
Frp coefficient of thermal expansion
(x 1,000,000 )T3-88
Frp laminate typeT2-20, T3-88
Frp modulus of elasticityT2-21
Frp pipe densityT2-21
Frp pipe propertiesT2-19
Frp property data fileT2-20
Frp ratio of shear modulus/emod axialT3-88
Ftg roT3-17
Full runU1-9
G
GT4-6
GapT3-26
Gasket factorU12-23
Gas-specific heatsT5-90
General informationA4-2
General notesT8-12
General notes for all codesT6-90
General propertiesT4-3
Generalized modal coordinatesT6-47
Generate filesU6-5
Generating CAESAR II inputA8-5
Generation of the CAESAR II configuration
fileT2-2
Generic databaseT3-67
Generic neutral filesT8-63
GenincT4-19
GeninctoT4-19
GenlastT4-19
Geometry directivesT2-13
German 1991 databaseT4-57
GimbalT3-78
Gimbal jointA5-26
Girth butt weldT6-90
Glass reinforced plasticsT6-66
Global
EditingT3-93
LevelT3-33
Load vectorT6-16
Stiffness matrixT6-11
X directionT3-3
Y directionT3-3
Z directionT3-3
Global element forcesU7-7
Global forcesU9-7
Global parametersU12-40
Gram-schmidt orthogonalizationsT5-83
Graphical outputU7-13
Graphics updatesT10-8
Gravitational acceleration constantT6-22
Gravitational loadingT3-87
Gravity loads - gloadsT4-39
Grinnell springsT3-28
Group modal combination methodT5-67
Grouping methodT5-73
Grp pipingT6-66
Grp piping offshoreT6-74
GuidesA3-20
H
HangerU6-19
AlgorithmT6-11
Auxiliary data fieldT3-23
Between two pipesA4-12
DataA4-3, T3-80
Default restraint stiffnessT2-6
DesignA4-2, A4-11, T6-10
Design algorithmT6-11
Design control dataU5-30
Design control dialogT6-12
Design control spreadsheetT3-32, T3-80
Design with anchorsA4-13
Design with support thermal movementA4-11
Design with user-specified operating load
A4-14
Hot loadsT6-10
Run control spreadsheetT3-28
TravelT6-10
Type restraintT3-25
Hanger selection
Actual cold loadsU6-19
Additional hangerU6-19
Design load casesU6-19
Hanger sizing load casesU6-19
Hot loadU6-18
Operating load casesU6-19
Recommended load casesU6-19
Restrained weightU6-18
Spring hanger designU6-18
Hanger sizingU6-19, U8-18
Hanger sizing algorithmA8-26, T6-10
Hanger tableT3-27, T3-82
Hanger/can available spaceT3-30
HangersA4-1, T3-27, T3-100, U5-20
Hangers/nozzlesT2-16
HardcopyU9-16
Hardware requirementsU2-3
HarmonicT5-4, U8-11, U8-34
AnalysisT6-27
EquationT5-49
LoadT5-85
LoadsA7-2, T5-86
MethodT5-4
ProfileT5-4
Harmonic analysisT5-49, T5-51, T5-85, U8-2,
U8-5
Harmonic analysis input
Harmonic displacementsU8-12
Harmonic forcesU8-11
Harmonic load definitionU8-11
Excitation frequencyU8-11
Phasing of harmonic loads
DampingU8-13
FrequencyU8-13
Harmonic control parametersU8-13
Harmonic forceU8-13
Pressure waveU8-12
Reciprocating pumpsU8-12
Rotating equipmentU8-12
Harmonic analysis of this systemA7-4
Harmonic control parametersU8-13
Harmonic displacementsT5-14, U8-12
Harmonic forceU8-11, U8-13
Harmonic forces and displacementsT5-11
Harmonic load vectorT5-49
Harmonic loadsU8-11
Harmonic resultsU8-34, U9-2
Harmonic stressU8-34
Header stress intensificationT3-20
Heat exchangersU12-66
HEI standard for closed feedwater heatersU12-71
Help menuU4-11
Help screenT3-4
Help screens and unitsT3-3
HighlightT3-101
Highlight commandU5-36
HighlightsT2-17
HingedT3-77
Hinged jointA5-19
Hinges, plasticA3-52
Hoop
DirectionT3-57
ModulusT3-9
StressT3-61, T6-74, T6-78
Stress in the pipeT3-62
Stress valueT2-10
HoopsU5-38
Horizontal dummy leg on bendsA3-40
Horizontal thermal bowing toleranceT2-15
Horizontal threshold valueT2-15
Hot
Allowable stressT3-57, T6-96
Hanger loadsT3-36
LoadT3-28, T6-10, U6-18
Load designT3-29
ModulusT3-62
SustainedT6-20
Html help facilityU2-16
Huber-von mises-hencky criterionT6- 70
Hydrodynamic loading of piping systemsT6-28
Hydrodynamic loadsT6-31
Hydrostatic pressureT6-114
Hydrostatic strengthT6-79, T6-114
I
ID manifold pipingT5-95
ID of relief valve orificeT5-89
ID of relief valve pipingT5-89
ID of vent stack pipingT5-89
ID relief exit pipingT5-95
ID relief orifice or rupture disk openingT5-95
ID supply headerT5-95
Idealized
Allowable stress envelopeT3-58
Envelope of combinationsT6-78
Stress envelopeT6-88
Identical resultsT2-2
IEEE 344-1975T5-71
I-factorsT6-80
IGE/TD/12U5-4, U5-16
IGE/tD/12 codeT3-7, T3-13, T3-64
Ignore spring hanger stiffnessT2-6
Implementation of macro-level analysis for
piping systemsT6-74
Importance factorT6-23, T6-26
Imposed stressesT6-67
ImpulseT5-6, U8-26
Impulse analysisU8-2
Impulse profileT5-6
In- and out-of-plane fixity coefficients ky and
kzU12-46
IncT4-16, T4-19, T4-24, T4-27, T4-38, T4-40
Include
Missing mass componentsT5-76
Piping input filesT3-89
Pseudostatic (anchor movement)
componentsT5-76
Include missing mass components T5-76
Include pseudostatic (anchor movement)
components T5-76
Include structural filesU5-34
Included forceT5-65
Included massT5-63
Included mass dataU9-11
Including structural modelsT3-91
Inclusion of missing mass correction during
spectral analysis resultsT6-46
IncmatidT4-17, T4-19
Incore numerical checkT2-5
Incore solutionU6-11
IncrementT5-8, T5-12, T5-44
IncsecidT4-17, T4-19
InctoT4-17, T4-19, T4-24, T4-27, T4-38, T4-41
Independent shockT5-71
Independent support motionA7-58, T5-55,
T5-56, T5-76, U8-17
Independent support motion load casesT5-79
Index numbers, structural steel inputU10-5
Inertia coefficientT6-39
In-plane bending momentT6-75, U12- 47
In-plane large bending momentU12-47
In-plane small bending momentU12- 47
In-plane stress intensificationT6-102
In-plane stress intensification factorT3-21
Input
Data cellsT3-3, T3-55
DynamicT9-12
EchoT3-97
FieldsT1-2
GraphicsT3-98
SoilT9-12
StaticT9-12
StructuralT9-12
Input items optionally effecting sif
calculationsT3-17
Input listingU9-12
Input menuU4-5
Input overview based on analysis categoryU8-9
Input plottingT3-98
Input presentation - plot, list, statT4- 42
Input reviewA8-20
Inputting constant effort supportsA4-6
InsertT4-3
Insert weldoletsT3-18
InstallationU2-2, U2-4
Installation directoryT2-2
Installation menu optionsU2-4
Installation processU2-4
Installed load caseT6-11, U6-17
Installed weightT6-11
Insul thkT3-7
InsulationT3-7
Insulation densityT3-10, U5-8
InterfacesT1-2, T8-2
Interfaces addedT10-12
Intergraph
DataT8-42
InterfaceT8-26
Intergraph data
after bend modificationsT8-46
after element sortT8- 39
after tee/cross modifications T8-40
after valve modificationsT8-41
Intergraph interfaceT8-23
Intermodal correlation coefficientT5- 74
Internet Explorer 4U2-16
Interpolation parametersT2-5
Intersection modelT3-16
Intersection stress intensification factorsU12-3
IntersectionsT3-18
J
Jacketed PipeA6-6
Jacketed piping
SystemsA7-72
Jacobi sweep toleranceT5-82
JacobusT8-63
JIS nominal pipe odT3-6
JIS pipe scheduleT3-7
Joint endtypesT3-74
K
KauxT3-89
Kaux menuU5-31
Kaux menu items
Include structural input filesU5-34
Review sifsU5-31
Special execution parametersU5-31
Kaux-include structural filesU10-6
Keulegan-carpenter numberT6-33
Kinematic viscosityT6-39
Korean 1990 databaseT4-62
L
LabelsT2-17
Laminate
PropertiesT6-72
TypeT2-20, T3-11, T3-88, T6-84, T6- 85
Large
LoadsA7-72
Large job includesT3-90
Large rotation rods
(basic model)A3- 42
(chain supports)A3-44
(constant effort hangers)A3-46
(spring hangers)A3-45
(struts)A3-47
LastT4-14, T4-17, T4-19, T4-24, T4-27, T4-38,
T4-41
Lateral
bearing lengthU11-4
control stopsA5-18
deflectionA5-4
forceT6-22
Leak pressure ratioU12-23
Length of manifold pipingT5-96
Length of relief exit pipingT5-96
Length of the vent stackT5-89
Liberal stress allowableT3-86
License types
Full runU1-9
LeaseU1-9
Limited runU1-9
Lift coefficientT6-39
Lift forceT6-31
Lift-offA4-15
Limit stopsA3-22
Line drawingU5-36
Line pressureT5-89
Line temperatureT5-89
Linear multi-degree-of-freedom systemT5-76
LinersT3-79
LIQT interfaceT8-81
Liquid vent systemT5-94
LISPT8-4
ListT4-43
List optionT3-92
List utilityT3-90
List/edit facilityT3-92
ListingT9-13
Load
DurationT5-67, T5-75
Forcing frequencyT5-68
ProfilesT5-59
RangeT3-28
VectorT6-47
Load caseT5-33, U7-2, U7-3, U7-4, U7- 11,
U7-13, U7-14, U7-17, U7-18, U8-11,
U8-15, U8-26, U8-35, U9-3, U9-5,
U9-8, U9-9, U9-10, U9-11, U9-15,
U10-6, U10-27, U12-12
Load case listU6-7
Load casesU3-2, U3-13, U5-5, U5-7, U5-20,
U5-23, U6-6, U6-7, U6- 11, U6-12,
U6-13, U6-17, U6-18
Basic load casesU3-11
Combination load casesU3-11, U6-16
Example of load casesU6-17
Expansion load caseU6-18
Occasional load casesU6-18
Operating load casesU6-17
Stress categoryU6-15
Stress typesU6-16
Sustained load caseU6-18
Types of load casesU3-11
Types of loadsU6-15
Load cyclesU6-17
Load duration (time history or dsrss method)
(sec.)T5-67
Loading conditionsU5-7
LoadsT4-36
Local
element forcesU7-8
flexibilitiesT6-13
forcesU9-6
member dataU12-44
stressesT6-41
Location factorT6-101
Log fileT8-23
Longitudinal
Design stressT6-86
StressT2-10, T6-74
Longitudinal weld joint efficiencyT3- 55, T3-58,
T3-59
Loop closure toleranceT2-14, T3-85
Lumped massesU8-9
M
Macro-level analysisT6-72
Main menuU4-2
Analysis
Menu itemsU4-6
FileU3-2
Default data directoryU4-3
Input file typesU4-4
New commandU4-3
Open commandU4-3
Select an existing job fileU4- 4
Input
Data entryU3-6
Input menu itemsU4-5
Main show menuU7-14
Make units fileT2-29
Manifold pipe end flow conditionsT5- 97
Manifold pipingT5-95
Marine growthT6-36
MarklT6-108
MassT5-43
FlowrateT5-92, T5-96
MatrixT5-49
Normalized mode shapeT5-77
Mass and stiffness modelU8-5
Mass modelU8-9, U9-12
Mass participation
factorsU8-35, U9-9
reportA7-14, A7-30
Material
AddT2-34
Coefficient of thermal expansionT4-6
DatabaseT2-34, T9-2
DeleteT2-34
DensityT4-6
EditT2-34
Elastic propertiesU5-8
Fatigue curvesU5-15, T3-64
FilesT2-20
ID numberT4-5
Identification - MATIDT4-5
Name T3-9, U5-7
Number U5-7
PropertiesT3-9
Yield strengthU12-42, U12-46
MaterialsT3-9, T3-78
MatidT4-5, T4-17, T4-19
Matrix of modal massT5-77
Max. no. of Eigenvalues calculatedT5-62
Maximum
Shear theoryT2-8
Maximum allowed bend angleT2-14
Maximum allowed travel limitT3-32, T3-82
Maximum desired unity checkU12-43
Maximum table frequencyT5-23
Mechanical resonancesT5-85
Member end nodeU12-44
Member start nodeU12-44
Member typeU12-44
Member weight loadT4-38
Membrane stressU12-14
Memory allocatedT2-26
Menu
AccountingT7-3
ItemsT1-2
Menu commandsU5-22
Miche limitT6-30
Micro
Level analysisT6-66
ScaleT6-67
Mill toleranceT3-7
Mini-level analysisT6-71
Minimum
Wall mill toleranceT2-6
Yield strengthT3-60
Yield stressT3-61
Minimum allowed bend angleT2-14
Minimum angle to adjacent bendT2-14
Minimum desired unity checkU12-43
Minimum temperature curve (a-d)T2- 37
Minimum wall mill tolerance (%)T2-6
MiscellaneousT2-25, T10-9
Miscellaneous changesT10-12
Miscellaneous data group #1T8-73
Miscellaneous ModelsA6-1
Miscellaneous modificationsT10-8
Missing
Force correctionT5-78
MassT5-63, T6-46
Mass combination methodT5-79
Mass correctionT5-76, T5-78, U9-11
Mass data reportT6-48
Mass ZPAT2-3
Miter pointsT3-12
Mitered bend, evenly spacedA2-7
Mitered bend, widely spacedA2-10
Mitered bendsA2-7
MitersT3-12
Miters, closely spacedA2-7
ModalU8-9
Combination methodT5-72
CombinationsT5-72
ComponentsT5-71
ExtractionT5-52, T5-57
MatrixT6-46
Modal analysisU8-2
Modal analysis input
Control parameters
Cutoff frequencyU8-10
Lumped massesU8-9
System responseU8-9
Mass modelU8-9
System responseU8-9
Modal combination method (group/ 10%/dsrss/
abs/srss)T5-72
Modal extractionT5-57
Mode identification lineU9-5
Mode shapeT5-57, T5-60, T5-85, U8-2, U8-33
Model - expansion joint menuT3-71
Model menuU5-27
Model menu items
Expansion jointsU5-28
Hanger design control dataU5-30
TitleU5-29
ValveU5-28
Model modifications for dynamic analysisU8-3
Control parameterU8-5
DynamicsU8-5
Conversion from static inputU8-5
Mass and stiffness modelU8- 5
Friction effectsU8-4
Friction restraintsU8-4
Friction stiffnessU8-4
Nonlinear restraints in dynamicsU8-3
Dynamic responses, nonlinear
effectsU8-3
Nonlinear supportsU8-3
Static load case for nonlinear
restraintU8-3
Specifying loadsU8-5
Code complianceU8-5
Driving frequenciesU8-5
Dynamic load specificationU8-5
Force set specificationU8-5
Harmonic analysisU8-5
Load casesU8-5
Occasional stressesU8-5
Point loadsU8-5
Shock resultsU8-5
Static resultsU8-5
Model rotation, panning, and zoomingT3-98
Modeling
friction effectsT6-16
reducersA6-2
spring cans w/ frictionA4-24
techniquesT1-2
Models, complexA5-4
Models, simpleA5-4
ModesU8-33
Modes mass normalizedU9-10
Modes of vibrationT5-54, U8-9, U8-10, U8-33
Modes unity normalizedU9-10
Modified theoriesT6-36
Modifying mass and stiffness modelU8-13,
U8-19, U8-26, U8-28, U8-31
Modifying mass lumpingT5-43
Modulus of elasticityT3-9, T6-68, T6-71
Modulus ratioT3-62
MomentsT3-49, T3-75
Morrisons equationT6-31
MotionU7-18
Movement capabilityT3-76
MuT3-26
Multi-degree-of-freedom systemT5-68
Multiple can designA4-8
Multiple load case designT3-33
Multiple load case design optionsT3- 83
N
N1T4-13, T4-16, T4-18, T4-24, T4-26, T4-37,
T4-40
NameT4-7, T5-17
Name of the converted fileT2-33
Name of the input file to convertT2-32
Name of the units file to useT2-32
Natural frequenciesU8-5, U8-9, U8-33, U9-10
Natural frequencyT5-57, T5-77
Navy 505T6-104
Near/far point methodA3-36
Nema example pt69mA7-95
Nema SM23
Steam turbines
Cumulative equipment calculations,
NEMA SM23U12-50
Nozzel calculations, NEMA
SM23U12-50
Nema turbine exampleU12-51
Neutral fileT8-79
Neutral file interfaceT8-63
New units file nameT2-31
NfillT4-12
NgenT4-13
No rft/wlt in reduced fitting sifsT2-12
No. hangers at locationT3-32
No. of hanger-design operating load casesT3-81
No. of iterations per shift (0-pgm computed)
T5-83
No. to converge before shift allowed (0-not
used)T5-83
Nodal coordinate dataT8-79, T8-80
Nodal degree of freedomA3-3
Nodal displacementsT6-16
NodeT2-14, T3-12, T3-24, T4-11, T5-38, T5-45
NumberT3-3, T3-12, T3-19, T3-24
Node fieldsA2-2
Node numbersT3-101, U5-3
NodeincT4-14
NodesT2-16, T3-95
Nominal pipe schedulesT3-6
Nominal pipe sizeU5-4
Non-conservative cutoffT5-66
Non-extractedT5-78
Nonlinear
Code complianceT6-18
Piping code complianceT6-18
RestraintT6-18
Nonlinear code complianceT6-18
Nonlinear effectsU8-3
Nonlinear restraint statusU8-3
Nonlinear restraintsU6-13, U9-12
Nonlinear supportsU8-3
Non-zero displacementsA3-3
Norwegian (TBK 5-6) (1990, rev. 1)T6-112
Norwegian codeT6-110
Note dialogU6-4
Novell file server ESL installationU2- 20
Novell workstation ESL installationU2-20
Nozzle
Auxiliary data fieldT3-23, T3-38, T3- 43
DataU12-12
DiameterT3-41, T3-44, T3-46
FlexibilityU12-17
Flexibility - WRC 297T3-38
FlexibilitiesT3-23
Load summation reportA7-100
LoadsU12-13
Node numberT3-40, T3-43, T3- 46
Results for pt69mA7-99
ScreenU12-16
SpreadsheetA3-12
Vessel analysisT6-44
Wall thicknessT3-41, T3-44
NozzlesT3-100
NRC
Benchmark problemsA7-58
Spectrum exampleA7-58
NRC example NUREG9A7-58
Nuclear Regulatory Guide 1.92T5-72
Number formatsT3-4
Number of points in the tableT5-23
Number to converge before shift allowedT5-83
O
Occasional
Dynamic stressesU8-18
Load cases U6-18
Load factorT2-7, T2-8, T6-96
StressU8-2, U8-5, U8-18
Ocean currentsT6-33
Ocean wave particularsT6-29
Ocean wavesT6-28
ODBC driversU2-15
Off-diagonal coefficientsT2-5
Offset element methodA3-36
Offset gimbalA5-26
OffsetsU5-21
OffsettingT6-4
Old spring redesignA4-9
Omega loopA7-66
On curvature methodA3-36
On-diagonal coefficientT2-5
Online documentationU2-19
Operating
AllowableT6-101
AnalysisT6-18
CaseT6-10
Case vertical displacementT6-10
loadT3-33
Load case T6-17, T6-88
Load fieldT3-33
LoadsT3-29
PressureT3-63
TemperatureT3-61, T3-62
Thermal casesT3-33
Operating conditions
Temperatures and pressuresU5-4
Operating load, user-specifiedA4-14
Optimal cutoffT5-66
OrdinateT5-22
OrientT4-24
Orifice flow conditionsT5-97
OrthogonalT3-26
Orthotropic material modelT6-83
Out-of-plane bending momentU12-47
Out-of-plane large bending momentU12-47
Out-of-plane small bending momentU12-47
Outplane bending momentT6-75
Outplane stress intensificationT6-102
OutputT9-13
MenuU4-7
PlottingU7-13
ProcessorT5-59
Reports by load caseT2-25
Table of contentsT2-25
Output from the liquid relief load synthesizer
T5-96
Ovalization, bendsU12-6
Overburden compaction multiplierU11-11
OverviewA1-2, T1-2, T4-2, U2-2
Overview of CAESAR II interfacesT8-2
Overview of structural capability in CAESAR
IIU10-2
Overview of the dynamic analysis input
processorU8-6
P
Pad thkT3-17
PanningU5-35
Partition of y matrixT6-47
PDMST8-63
Peak pressureT3-63
Peak stress indexU12-7
Percent of iterations per shift before
orthogonalizationT5-84
Q-34
Performing the analysisU8-32
Performing the static analysisA8-26
PeriodT5-57
PhaseT5-12, T5-14
Phase angleT5-12, T5-14, U8-2, U8-12, U8-34
PhasingU8-12
Pipe
DensityT3-9, T3-10
Element exposed areaT6-25
Element spreadsheetT3-5, T3-49, T3- 50,
T3-51, T3-52, T3-54, T6-8
Nominal diameterA2-2
Outside diameterT3-46
Section dataT3-6
Section propertiesU5-4
SizeT2-22
SpreadsheetT3-71, T3-79
Stress analysisT6-66
Pipe and hanger supportA4-10
Pipe stress analysis of FRP pipingT6-66
Pipenet interfaceT8-86, T8-87
PipesT2-16
Piping
CodesT3-55
DimensionsU10-13
Element dataT6-39
Input plot utilityT4-42
JobU10-6
MaterialsT3-9, U5-7
Screen referenceT1-2
Size specificationT2-22
SpreadsheetT3-54
Spreadsheet dataT3-2
System modelT5-51
Piping codes for earthquakesU8-18
Piping inputU3-5
Alpha toleranceU5-5
Ambient temperatureU5-5
Construction elementU5-5
DensitiesU5-8
Expansion jointsU5-5
GenerationU3-5
Input spreadsheetU5-2
Insulation densityU5-8
Material nameU5-7
Material numberU5-7
Nominal pipe sizeU5-4
Rigid elementsU5-5
Sif & teesU5-6
Specific gravityU5-8
Stress intensification factorsU5-6
Thermal strainsU5-5
Plant spaceT8-63
Plastic hingesA3-52
Plastic pipeT3-9
PlateT3-76
PlotT4-42, U5-35
Plot colorsT2-16
Plot functions
Highlight commandU5-36
Line drawingU5-36
Panning, zooming, and rotatingU5- 35
Range of nodes to plotU5-36
Render and wire frame plotsU5-36
Volume plotU5-36
Plot screenT1-2
Plotting
Static output reviewU3-13
TutorialU3-8
Point loads T4-36, U8-5
PoisT4-5
Poisson effectT6-69
Poissons ratioT2-21, T2-37, T3-9, T3-61,
T3- 62, T4-5, T6-71, T6-83, T6-101
PolarT4-8
Polar moment of inertiaT4-8, T4-46
Practical applicationsT6-81
Predefined
Nuclear Regulatory Guide 1.60T5- 55
Uniform building codeT5-55
Predefined displacementsA3-6
Predefined el centroT5-55
Predefined hanger dataT3-36
Preparing the drawingA8-3
PressureT3-9
Hoop stressT6-101
PeaksT5-86
PulsesA7-21, T5-85, T5-86
StiffeningT2-3, T6-96
Stress multiplierT3-18
ThrustT6-9
WaveA7-28
Pressure ratingT3-76
Pressure stiffeningU12-6
Pressure thrustA5-2, U5-10
Pressure vs. elevation tableU6-8
Pressure waveU8-12
Pressure-balanced tees and elbowsA5-32
PressuresT3-9
Pricing factorsT7-3
Primary membrane stressT6-42
Primary stress indexT3-18
Print alphas and pipe propertiesT3-85
Print forces on rigids and expansion jointsT3-84
Printer/listing filesT9-8
Printing an input listingT3-96
Problem solutionA7-31
Procedure to perform elastic analyses of
nozzlesT6-43
Proctor numberU11-11
Product demosU2-16
Product informationU2-19
Program improvementsU1-10
Program supportU1-5
Technical support phone numbersU1-5
TrainingU1-5
User assistance A1-2, T1-2
PRO-ISO
example transferT8-55
interfaceT8-53
interface (standard)T8-52
PRO-ISO/CAESAR II data transferT8-58
Proof stressT3-56, T3-60
Providing wind dataU6-8
Pseudostatic
Combination methodT5-79
DisplacementT5-56
ResponsesT5-79
Pseudo-static hydrodynamic loadingT6-31
Publication datesT3-55
PulsationT5-4
Pulsation loadsT5-85
Pulse table generatorT5-23
Pulse table/DLF spectrum generation T5-57,
U8-21, U8-28
PvarT3-63
Q
Quality assuranceT10-11
Quick startU3-2
R
RadiusT3-11
RandomT5-3
Random profileT5-3
RangeT3-101, T5-22
CommandT3-102
OptionT3-102
Range commandU5-36
Ratio of gas-specific heats (k) gas constant (r)
(ft.lbf./lbm./ deg.r)T5-90
Ratio shear mod
EmodT2-21
Rayleigh dampingT5-68
RCC-M Subsection C and DT6-110
Reciprocating pumpsU8-12
Recommended load cases for hanger
selectionU6-18
Recommended proceduresU11-12
Reduced intersectionT2-11, T6-90
ReducersA6-2
Re-enabling the autorun featureU2-22
ReferencesT6-40, T6-49, T6-88
Refractory lined pipeT3-7
Reinforcing padT3-17, T3-41
Relief
Exit pipingT5-95
Valve thrust load analysisT5-88
ValvesA7-10, T5-6, T5-95
Relief load
AnalysisT5-88
Relief load synthesis T5-88, U8-20
for gases greater than 15 psigT5-88
for liquidsT5-94
Relief load synthesizerU8-28
Relief loads spectrum U8-20
Force sets for relief loads
EarthquakesU8-24
Relief valvesU8-24
Skewed loadU8-25
Water hammerU8-24
Relief load synthesis
Dynamic load factorU8-20
Force spectrum methodologyU8-20
Relief valveU8-20
Thrust loadsU8-20
Spectrum definitions
DLF spectrum generatorU8- 23
Spectrum dataU8-23
Spectrum load cases
ImpulseU8-26
Time historyU8-26
Relief valveU8-2, U8-20, U8-24, U8-28
Relief valve example problem setupA7-10
Relief valve loading - output discussionA7-14
Relief valve or rupture diskT5-95
Relief valve thrust load analysisT5-88
Remaining strength of corroded
pipelines,B31gU12-27
Remove passwordT2-28
RenderU5-36
ReplaceT4-3
Report optionsU7-6
Report typesU9-5
Reset plotT3-99
Resetting element strong axis - angle, orient
T4-23
Re-setting loads on existing spring hangersT3-37
Residual responseT6-48
Resize membersU12-42
Response spectra profilesT5-17
Response spectrumT5-53
Response spectrum / time history profile data
point inputT5-22
Response spectrum methodU8-2
Response spectrum tableU8-14
Q-36
Response vs. frequency spectraU8-2
Restrained weightT3-36, T6-10, U6-18
Restrained weight runA4-13
Restraint
Auxiliary dataU10-20
Auxiliary fieldT3-24
LoadsT5-85
ReportA7-17, A8-37
SettlementA3-28
SummaryU7-7
TypeT3-24
Restraint between two pipesA3-32
Restraint between vessel and pipe modelsA3-33
Restraint, single-dimensionalA3-26
Restraint/force/stress reportsA7-30
RestraintsA3-1, T3-23, T3-100, U5-11, U7-6,
U9-5
Restraints on a bend at 30 and 60 degreesA3-35
Restraints on a bend at 45 degreesA3-34
Restraints submenuU7-15
Restraints, rotational directionalA3-25
Restraints, single-directionalA3-19
Re-use last eigensolutionT5-71
Review existing units fileT2-29
Reviewing the static resultsA8-29
Reynolds numberT6-33
RigidT5-78
Body motionA7-80
Element applicationT6-2
ElementsT3-14, T3-84, U5-5
Fluid weightT6-2
Insulation weightT6-2
Material weightT6-2
ModesT5-63
RodT3-32
Support displacement criteriaT3-31, T3-82
WeightU5-10
Y restraintsT3-36
Rigids/bendsT2-16
Rod incrementT2-4
Rod toleranceT2-4
RotateT3-94
RotatingU5-35
Rotating equipmentU8-2, U8-12
Rotating equipment report updatesT10-8
Rotation rodT3-25
Rotation rods, largeA3-42
Rotational directional restraints with gapsA3-25
Rotational optionT3-85
RotationsT3-99
Run control data spreadsheetT3-33
Rupture diskT5-95
Rupture disk openingT5-95
Rx (cosx, cosy, cosz) or rx (vecx, vecy, vecz)
T3-25
Rx, ry, or rzT3-25
S
Sample inputU10-8
ScT3-55
SchneiderT2-12
ScratchT9-12
ScreensU5-9
Se isometric viewT3-100
Sea spectrumT6-28
Seam-weldedT3-7, T3-13
Section IDT4-7, T4-17, T4-19
Section identification T4-7
Section modulus calculationsT3-13
Segment informationT8-14
SegmentsA7-74, A7-75
Seismic
AnalysisU8-2
Anchor movementsT5-56
LoadsT5-53
Spectrum analysisT5-53
ZoneT6-24
Zone coefficientT6-23
Selection of phase anglesU8-34
Serial numberU2-5
Set/change passwordT2-28
Setting
Defaults - DEFAULTT4-10
Nodes in spaceT4-10, T4-11
Setting up the spring load casesT6-11
Setup optionT3-94
Sh fieldsT3-57
ShapeT4-41
Shape factor, windU6-8
Shear modulus of elasticityT2-38, T3- 9, T3-88,
T4-6
Shft option disabledT3-98, T3-99
Shft option enabledT3-99
Shock
definitionU8-14
displacementT5-59
load caseT5-56
resultsU8-5
spectraA7-58, U8-2
Short range springsT3-32
Sidesway, AISCU12-42
SIFT2-7, T3-10, T6-90
(IN)T3-18
(OUT)T3-18
CurvesT6-104
FactorT6-100
SIFs & teesT3-16, U5-6
SIFs and stressesT2-7
Simple bottomed-out springA4-23
Simple bellowsA5-2
Simple bellows with pressure thrustA5-2
Simple hanger designA4-3
Simplified ASME Sect. VIII Div. 2 elastic nozzle
analysisT6-45
Single
Can designA4-4
Directional restraintT3-32
Element insertT3-65
Gimbal expansion jointT3-78
Hinged expansion jointT3-77
Unrestrained expansion jointT3-77
Single and double flanged bends or stiffened
bendsA2-4
Single-Directional Restraint and GuideA3-27
Single-Directional Restraint with Predefined
DisplacementA3-26
Single-directional restraintsA3-19
Singular stiffness matrixA7-80
Sinusoidal formsT5-49
Skewed double-acting restraintA3-29
Skewed loadU8-25
Skewed Single-Directional RestraintA3-31
Slip jointA5-24
SliponT3-76
Slotted hinge jointA5-21, A5-22
Slotted hinge joint (comprehensive)A5-22
Slotted hinge joint (simple)A5-21
Slug flowT5-6
Specifying the load
Force sets, slug flowU8-28
Force-time profileU8-28
Load cases, slug flowU8-28
Relief valveU8-28
Water hammerU8-28
Slug flow analysisU8-2
SnubbersU8-10
Snubbers, staticA3-51
Software revision proceduresU1-6
Soil
factorT6-22
model numbersU11-9
propertiesU11-2
stiffnessesU11-2
supportsU11-9
Sorted stressesU7-10
South African 1992 databaseT4-60
Spatial
Combination methodT5-71, T5-72
ComponentsT5-71
Spatial or modal combination firstT5-71
Special element informationU5-5
Special execution parametersT3-50, T3-84, T6-2,
U5-31
Specific gravityT3-10, U5-8
Specifying hydrodynamic parametersU6-10
Specifying loads, dynamicsU8-5
Specifying the loadsU8-9, U8-11, U8- 14,
U8-20, U8-28, U8-29
SpectrumT2-3, U8-35
Spectrum
analysisT5-53, T5-68, U8-2
dataU8-14, U8-23
definitionsU8-23, U8-28
load casesU8-16, U8-25, U8- 28, U9-3
nameU8-14
resultsU9-3
time history profileT5-25
Spectrum/time history force setsT5-38
Speed of soundA7-21
Spreadsheet overviewU5-2
Spring
RateT6-11
TablesT3-27
Spring can modelsA4-15
Spring can models with bottom-out and lift-
off capabilityA4-15
Spring cans with frictionA4-24
Spring design requirementsT6-10
Spring forcesT3-76
Spring hanger designU6-18
Spring hanger model with rodsA4-19
Spring hanger model with rods, bottom-out,
and lift- offA4-19
Spring rate and cold loadT3-37
Spring, bottomed-outA4-23
Square root of the sum of the squares (srss)
T5-72, T5-75
SrssU8-18
Standard airy wave theoryT6-32
Standard structural element connections - beams,
braces, columnsT4-28
Start nodeT5-12, T5-15, T5-26, T5-43
Start runU6-2
Starting CAESAR IIU3-2
Starting frequencyT5-8
StatT4-45
Static
Earthquake loadsT6-22
LoadT6-48
Load caseT5-61
Load case builderT6-25
Output processorT5-85
Seismic loadsT6-22
SuperpositionT6-19
Thermal criteriaT5-85
Q-38
Static analysis
Analyze commandU3-12
Static analysis fatigue exampleT6-52
Static analysis output listingA8-34
Static load case for nonlinear restraint status
T5-61
Static load case numberU8-18
Static load cases
Building static load casesU6-7
Limitations of the load case editorU6-6
Stress typesU6-7
Static output plotU10-22
Static output processor
132 column reportsU7-5
Animation of static solutionU7-4, U7-5
Commands in static outputU7-4
Initiating the static output processorU7-2
Output options in plotted resultsU7- 13
Plotting staticsU7-5
Report optionsU7-2
Report titlesU7-2
Show commandU7-14
Table of contentsU7-12
View-reportsU7-4
Static output reviewU3-13
Plotting static outputU3-13
Static resultsU8-5
Static seismic loadsT6-22
Static snubbersA3-51
Static solution methodologyU6-11
ArchiveU6-13
Incore solution
BandwidthU6-12
Nonlinear restraintsU6-13
Static analysis
Stiffness matrixU6-11
Static/dynamic combinationsU8-18, U8-26,
U8-28, U8-31, U9-3
StifT3-26
StiffnessT3-26
Stiffness characteristicsA4-15
Stiffness factor for frictionT5-62
Stiffness matrixT5-49, U6-11
Stokes 5th order wave theoryT6-29, T6-32
Stokes wave theory implementationT6-32
StoomwezenT6-110
Stop nodeT5-12, T5-15, T5-44
Straight pipeT3-18
Strain continuityT6-68
Strain equilibriumT6-68
Stream functionT6-33
Stream function wave theoryT6-29
Stream function wave theory implementation
T6-33
StressT2-17
CalculationT3-61, T6-96
CategoryU6-15
Cconcentration factorU12-7
Concentrations and intensificationsU12-7
CyclesT3-58
Intensification factor scratchpadT10-9
Intensification factorsT3-12, T3-19, T3-20,
T3-21, T6-85, U5-6, U9-7
Intensification factors/teesU5- 18
IntensityT6-42
Reduction factors cmy and cmzU12-41
Reduction factors, AISCU12-41
ReportA7-17, U9-7
Stiffening due to pressureT3-87
SubmenuU7-17
TypesU3-11, U6-6, U6-7, U6-16, U6-17,
U8-17
Stress increase factor
AISCU12-41
StressesT6-68, U7-9, U9-7
Stresses in the fiber-matrix interfaceT6-70
Stress-strain relationshipsT6-71
StrongT4-8
Strong axis moment of inertiaT4-8, T4-46
Structural
Classification optionsT6-26
codeU12-41
code, AISCU12-41
DatabaseT2-22, T4-46
Element keywordsT4-2
ElementsT4-40
PreprocessorA7-47
SteelA7-39
Steel checks - AISCU12-40
Steel modelerT1-2, T4-42
Steel plotT4-42
Structural steel exampleU10-8, U10- 12, U10-24
Structural steel inputU10-2
AISC database, structural steel inputU10-5
Connecting pipe to structureU10-19
Connecting nodesU10-19
Displaced shapeU10-21
Editing structural steel inputU10-4
End connections,structural steel inputU10-6
Format of structural steel inputU10- 3
Include in piping jobU10-6
Include a structural modelU10-6
Kaux-include structural filesU10-6
Index numbers, structural steel inputU10-5
Initiate structural steel input
Structural element preprocessorU10-2
Initiating structural steel inputU10-3
Help functionsU10-3
Keywords in structural steel inputU10-4
Running structural steel inputU10-6
Static output plotU10-22
Range commandU10-23
StructureT2-16
Structure dimensionsU10-14
Structure nodesU10-14
Sturm sequenceT5-80
Sturm sequence checkU8-33
Subsonic velocity gasT5-94
Subsonic vent exitT5-94
Subspace sizeT5-82
Supply headerT5-95
Supply header pipe wall thicknessT5-96
Supply overpressureT5-95
SupportA1-2
Sustained
AnalysisT6-18
StressT3-61, T3-62, T6-19, T6-96
Stress limitT3-60
Sustained load casesU 3-10, U6-18
Sustained stressesA8-27, U8-2, U8-18
Sustained stresses and non linear restraintsT6-19
Swedish codeT6-106
Swedish method 1 and 2T6-108
SyT3-60
Sy data fieldT3-56
System
DampingT5-68, T5-76
Directory nameT2-23
Mass matrixT5-76
OverviewA8-2
RedesignA9-24
ResponseU8-9, U9-11
RequirementsU2-3
Stiffness matrixT5-76
System and hardware requirementsU2-3
T
Tangent intersection pointA7-66, T3- 12
Tank node numberT3-44
Tapered transitionsT3-18
Task barU2-8
Technical discussion of liqt int erfaceT8-81
Technical discussion of pipenet interfaceT8-87
Technical notes on CAESAR II hydrodynamic
loadingT6-33
Technical reference manualU1-4
Technical supportA1-2, U1-5
TeeT6-90
Tees, pressure-balancedA5-32
TemperatureT2-38, T3-8
De-rating factorT6-101
Differential multiplierT6-86
TemperaturesT3-8
Ten percent methodT5-73
Theoretical cold loadT3-37, T6-11
Thermal
BowingT2-15
Expansion coefficientT2-4, T2-21, T3-8,
T3-61, T3-62, T3-88
Expansion/pipe weight reportT6-2
Load caseU6-18
ShakedownT6-4
StrainsU5-5
Support movementA4-11
Thermal bowing delta temperatureT3-86
Thermodynamic entropyT5-94
Thermosetting plastic materialT6-66
Thicknesses, diameter, length, material
numberT3-101
ThrustT3-15, T5-88
at the end of the exit pipingT5- 96
at the end of the manifold pipingT5-97
at the vent pipe exitT5-93
at valve pipe/vent pipe interfaceT5-92
loadsU8-20
Tie barA5-4, A5-15
Tie rod model, comprehensiveA5-18
TiedT3-77
Tied bellows (simple vs. complex model)A5-4
Tied bellows expansion jointA5-6, A5-8
Tied bellows expansion joint (complex
model)A5-8
Tied bellows expansion joint (simple model)
A5-6
Tied single expansion jointT3-77
Tied universal expansion jointT3-78
TimeT5-24, T5-58
History analysisT5-6, T5-57, T5-59, T5-68,
U8-3
History animationT2-26
History load casesT8-82, T8-87, U8-16,
U8-30, U9-3
StepT5-67
Time historyT5-57, U8-26, U8-29, U8- 35
Force-time profilesU8-29
Load profilesT5-17
Profile definitionsU8-29
ResultsU9-3
VibrationU8-29
Time vs. forceU8-29
Time-dependent
accelerationT5-77
applied forceT5-77
displacementT5-77
velocityT5-77
TitleU5-29
Title pageT3-79
TOT4-13, T4-16, T4-18, T4-24, T4-27, T4-37,
T4-40
ToT3-3
To node numberT3-3
Toolbar buttonsT1-2
Tools
AccountingT7-3
Material databaseT2-34
Multiple job analysisT7-8
Tools menuU4-8
Topographic factor parametersT6-26
TorsionT6-92
Torsional
MomentT6-75
Spring ratesT3-75
StiffnessT6-8
StressesT6-90
TrainingU1-5
Transient
LoadT5-53
Load casesT5-59
PressureT5-93
Transient pressure rise on valve closingT5-93,
T5-97
Transient pressure rise on valve openingT5-93,
T5-97
Translational
OptionT3-85
RestraintT3-26
StiffnessT3-74
TranslationsT3-99
Transverse stiffnessT6-8
TrunnionU12-6, U12-7
T-univT3-78
Turbine tripA7-20
TutorialA8-1, A9-1
Center of gravity report, tutorialU3-10
Plotting, tutorialU3-8
Sample model input, tutorialU3-6
TypeT3-11, T3-24
Type fieldT3-11
U
UbcT5-18
Uk 1993 databaseT4-63
UKOOA codeT3-10, T6-115
UKOOA specification and recommended
practiceT6-66, T6-74
Ultimate loadU11-9
Ultimate tensile strengthT3-60
Umbrella fittingT5-90
Unbalanced pressure forceT5-5, T5-86
Underground pipe/buried pipe
Bilinear supportsU11-9
Bilinear springsU11-9
Soil supportsU11-9
Ultimate loadU11-9
Yield displacementU11-9
Yield stiffnessU11-9
Convert input commandU11-8
Element lengthU11-4
Buried pipe displacementsU11-4
Lateral bearing lengthU11-4
Meshing
Lateral bearing meshesU11-7
Overburden compaction multiplierU11-11
BackfillU11-11
Backfill efficiencyU11-11
Proctor numberU11-11
Soil model numbersU11-9
Spreadsheet
Buried element descriptionsU11-3
Underground pipe modelerU11-2
Buried pipe restraintsU11-3
Soil propertiesU11-2
Soil stiffnessesU11-2
ZonesU11-5
Lateral bearing regionsU11-5
Underlying theoryT6-66
Uniform
Building codeT5-18, T5-69
LoadT4-38
Loads-UNIFT4-37
Support excitationT5-55
Uniform load caseU6-17
Uniform load in gsT3-87
Uniform loadsT3-50, U5-13
Uniform loads - unifT4-37
Units
Conversion DataT8-78
File nameT2-23
File operationsT2-29
Specification - UNITT4-4
Units conversion dataT8-77
Units file nameT2-23
Units file operationsT2-29
Units specification - unitT4-4
Universal expansion jointsA5-10
Universal joint (comprehensive tie rod
model)A5-16
Universal joint with lateral control stopsA5-18
UnskewT3-94
Unsupported axial lengthU12-46
Unsupported length (in-plane bending)U12-46
Unsupported length (out-of-plane bending)
U12-46
UntiedT3-77
Untied universal expansion jointT3-78
Update historyT1-2
Updates and license typesU1-9
Usage factorU9-8
Use FRP flexibilitiesT2-19
Use FRP sifT2-19
Use out-of-core eigensolver (y/n)T5- 84
Use pd/4tT2-10
Use pressure stiffeningT2-3
Use schneiderT2-10
Use WRC 329T2-9
User
Defined spectraT5-55
IDT2-26
User assistance
Technical support phone numbersU1-5
TrainingU1-5
User IDT2-26
Users guideU1-4
User-DefinedT4-8
User-defined SIFs anywhere in the piping
systemT3-18
UtilitiesT4-42
U-univT3-78
Ux,uy,uzT4-38
V
ValveU5-28
/Flange databaseT2-23
Orifice gasT5-94
Pipe/vent pipe interfaceT5-92
Valve orifice gas conditionsT5-94
Valve/flange databaseT3-66
Valves and flangesT2-23
Vector of modal forceT5-77
Velocity vectorT5-49, T5-58
Velocity vs. elevation tableU6-8
Vent
Pipe exitT5-93
Pipe exit gasT5-94
StackT5-91
Vent pipe exit gas conditionsT5-94
Version and job title informationT8-63
Vertical dummy leg on bendsA3-36
Vertical in-line pumpsU12-63
Vertical leg attachment angleA3-39
Vessel attachment stresses/WRC 107
Input data, WRC 107U12-10
Nozzel loads, WRC 107
Curve ExtrapolationU12-13
Interactive ControlU12-13
Nozzle data, WRC 107U12-12
Nozzle loads, WRC 107U12-13
Reinforcing padU12-9
Stress summations, WRC 107
Analyze-stress summationU12-14
Bending stressU12-14
Membrane stressU12-14
Vessel
centerline direction cosinesT3- 47
centerline direction vector x, y, zT3-41
dataU12-11
diameterT3-41, T3-46
material no. (optional)T3-42
material numberT3-47
node number T3-39, T3-41, T3-46
reinforcing pad thicknessT3- 41, T3-46
temperatureT3-47
temperature (optional)T3-42
type cylinder (0) or sphere (1)T3-46
wall thicknessT3-41, T3-46
Vessel, pipe and hanger supported fromA4-10
Vibration T5-51, U8-2, U8-29
View/edit fileT2-31
ViewsT3-100
Volume plottingT3-100, U5-36
Von mises theoryT2-8
Vortex sheddingT6-27
W
Wall thicknessT2-6
Wall thickness/schedule fieldT3-6
Warning dialogU6-4
Water hammerA7-21, U8-24
Specifying the load
Force sets, slug flowU8-28
Force-time profileU8-28
Load cases, slug flowU8-28
Relief valveU8-28
Slug problemsU8-28
Water hammer analysisU8-2
Water hammer loading - output discussionA7-30
Water hammer/slug flow (spectrum)U8-28
Wave dataT6-38
Wave spreadingT6-28
Wave theoriesT6-31
Weak axis moment of inertiaT4-8, T4- 46
WebsiteU2-18
Weight analysisT3-36
Weld idT3-18, T6-90
Weld joint efficiencyT6-96
WeldedT3-76
Welding Research Council Bulletin 297U12-15
Widely spaced mitered bendA2-10
Wind
EffectsT5-3
Exposure optionsT6-26
ForceT6-25
LoadT3-7
LoadsT6-25
PressureT6-25
Shape factorT4-40, T6-25
SpeedT6-25
Wind data
ASCE #7 wind loadsU6-9
Methods of wind loadingU6-8
Pressure vs. elevation tableU6-8
Shape factorU6-8
Velocity vs. elevation tableU6-8
Wind loadsT6-25
Wind loads - windT4-40
Wind shape factorT3-52
Wind/waveU5-14
Wind/wave loadsT3-51
WindowsA3-24
Windows server installationU2-20
Wire frameU5-36
WnT3-76
Woven rovingT6-113
Woven roving constructionT6-84
WRC 107T2-5, T6-43, T10-8
WRC 107 (vessel stresses)U12-8
WRC 107 stress summationsU12-13
WRC 297A3-8, T6-45, T10-9, U12-15
Nozzle flexibilityU12-17
Nozzle screenU12-16
WRC 329T2-11, T6-13, T6-90
WRC 329/330T6-90
WRC axes orientationU12-9
Wt/schT3-6
X
X (cosx, cosy, cosz) or x (vecx, vecy, vecz)T3-25
X , y, or zT3-24
Xrod (cosx, cosy, cosz) or xrod (vecx, vecy,
vecz)T3-25
Xrod, yrod, zrodT3-25
Y
Yield
Criteria theoryT2-8
StrengthT4-6
StressT2-8, T2-38, T3-56, T6-96
Yield displacementU11-9
Yield forceA3-52
Yield stiffnessU11-9
Youngs modulusU12-42, U12-46
Youngs modulus of elasticityT4-5
YsT4-6
Z
Zero
Period accelerationT5-55
Weight rigidsT6-2
Zero length expansion joints A5-19, A5- 21,
A5-26, T3-15
Zone definitionsU11-5
ZoomingT3-99, U5-35
ZPA time history output casesT5-68
CAESAR II Quality Assurance Manual
The CAESAR II Quality Assurance Manual is intended to serve as a publicly available
verification document. This manual discusses (briefly) the current industry QA stan-
dards, the COADE QA standard, a series of benchmark jobs, and instructions for users
implementing QA procedures on their own hardware.
The benchmark jobs consists of comparisons to published data by ASME and the NRC.
Additional test jobs compare CAESAR II results to other industry software programs.
For additional information on the CAESAR II Quality Assurance Manual, please
contact the COADE sales department.
Mechanical Engineering News
As an aid to the Users of COADE software products, COADE publishes Mechanical
Engineering News several times a year. This publication contains discussions on recent
developments that affect users, and technical features illustrating modeling techniques
and software applications.
This newsletter is sent to all users of COADE software at the time of publication. Back
issues can be acquired by contacting the COADE sales staff.
Additional COADE Software Programs
CADWorx - An AutoCAD based piping design/drafting program with a bi-directional
data transfer link to CAESAR II. CADWorx allows models to be created
in ortho, iso, 2D, or 3D modes. CADWorx template specifications,
combined with built in auto routing, auto iso, stress iso, auto dimensioning,
complete libraries, center of gravity calculations, and bill of materials,
provides the most complete piping package to designers.
CodeCalc - A program for the design or analysis of pressure vessel components.
CodeCalc capabilities include: tubesheets, rectangular vessels, flanges,
nozzles, Zick analysis, and the standard internal/external thickness and
pressure computations on heads, shells, and cones.
PVElite - A comprehensive, GUI based program for the design or analysis of tall
towers and horizontal vessels. Additional modules for nozzles, flanges,
baserings, and WRC107 are provided.
TANK - A program for the design or rerating of API-650/653 storage tanks. The
program includes API-650 Appedices A, E, F, M, P, and S, as well as API-
653 Appendix B. Computations address: wind girders, conical roof
design, allowed fluid heights, and remaining corrosion allowance.
Q-43
COADE, Inc.
12777 Jones Rd., Suite 480
Houston, Texas 77070
Phone: (281)890-4566
Fax: (281)890-3301
E-mail: sales@coade.com
WWW: www.coade.com
C A E S A R I I
Q U I C K R E F E R E N C E G U I D E
V E R S I O N 4.20
( L A S T R E V I S E D 1/2000 )

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