World History: Journeys from Past to Present

Table of Contents
List of illustrations and acknowledgments Preface 1 Human migration: world history in motion Introduction Evolutionary footprints: human origins in Africa Tracing migration routes Colonization of the planet Language and communication Demography, animals, and climate Linguistic evidence of migration The end of the Ice Age Crossing boundaries: later migrations Creating diaspora Crossing the seas: the Vikings and the Polynesians Globalization: forced and voluntary labor migrations Imperialism, industrialization, and urbanization Dislocations of war Inequality and anti-immigration legislation Studying migration Conclusions Selected references Online resources 2 Technology, environment, and transformations in world history Introduction Technology defines human culture Environment and technology Early human ecologies Subsistence and environment From early stone tools to pyrotechnology Agricultural beginnings Water control and the role of environment

From local to global food sources Villages, towns, and environment The age of metals Technology and environment: fueling industry Science, technology, and the Industrial Revolution Industrial capitalism, transportation, and production Global transformations Electrifying change The landscapes of imperialism Water wars Technology and war Ecology, technology, and global warming Conclusions Selected references Online resources 3 Cities and city life in world history Introduction World demography: crowded daily lives Emerging complexity Ancient settlements become cities Agriculture and the development of urban life Environmental factors and urban growth Cities as ceremonial and commercial centers Urbanization, conquest, and commercial growth The expansion of commercial cities Early modern urban cultures in East Asia Cities as sites of global commercial interaction Cities of conquest and colonization Urban cultural landscapes and global industrialization Cities and population growth Conclusions Selected references Online resources 4 Cosmos, community, and conflict: religion in world history Introduction

Reading the archaeological record The world of spirits: animism and shamanism Mounds, megaliths, and mortuary monuments Interpreting mythological traditions The diversity of divinity: goddesses, gods, and god-kings Priests, preachers, and prophets Christianity, Manichaeism, and Islam The spread of "world religions": Buddhisms, Christianities, and Islams Buddhisms in Asia Crusades, conflict, and change: the expansion of Christianities The spread of Islam: conquest, commerce and conversion Renewal and reform in the Islamic world Globalization and religious change Slavery, syncretism, and spirituality Religion and revolutionary change Conclusions Selected references Online resources 5 Finding family in world history Introduction Family and household in Roman law and society Christianity, family, and household in medieval and early modern Europe Demographic change, family, and household in early modern Europe The impact of Islam on family and household African families and households: matrilineality and motherhood Caste, family, and household in South Asia Southeast Asian family and household: indigenous traditions and Islamic influence Confucianism and the Chinese family Family and household in the Americas Globalization and changing families and households Colonialism and family in the Americas, Asia, and Africa Reform and revolution: women and family in the Islamic world and China Fertility and family: the demographic transition, 17502000 Conclusions Selected references Online resources

6 Making a living: world economies, past and present Introduction Cowries, coins, and commerce Over land and sea: ships of the desert and ocean Silk Roads and Central Asian caravan routes Trans-Saharan caravans and commerce The Indian Ocean "Lands below the winds": Southeast Asia Port cities, merchants, and maritime trade Making a living on the manor in medieval England Markets and money in China: the commercial revolution Trade and tribute in the Incan Empire Manors, markets, and money: some conclusions and comparisons Trading networks in the Americas Mercantilism and the Atlantic world, c. 15001750 Interlopers in international trade: the Portuguese empire The creation of an Atlantic economy: sugar and slaves The Pacific world China and the world economy, 15001800 The Industrial Revolution Capitalism Imperialism and colonialism as economic systems The global economy and the Great Depression The Second World War and national economies International economic organizations and agreements Globalization and its discontents Conclusions Selected references Online resources 7 Creating order and disorder: states and empires, old and new Introduction A "stateless society": archaeology and Igbo-Ukwu Lineage societies and empire Feudalism: between kinship and state Maritime and mainland empires in Southeast Asia: Srivijaya and Khmer

Trade, technology, ecology, and culture: the Mali empire in West Africa Nomads and empire in Eurasia: the Mongol empire Maritime and land-based empires, c. 15001800 The nation-state and revolutions in the Atlantic world New nations from an old empire: Hispanic America Settler societies and new nations: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa European nation states, nationalism, and the "new" imperialism The new imperialism, colonialism, and resistance in Africa From empire to nation: the Ottoman empire and Turkey From empire to nation: the British Raj and India Imperialism, Marxism, and revolution Reform, revolution, and Islamic nationalism Decolonization, nationalism, and revolution in Asia and Africa New states, new colonialism, and new empire Conclusions Selected references Online resources 8 Experiencing inequalities: dominance and resistance in world history Introduction Emergence of gender inequalities and social hierarchies Kinship, lineage, family, and gender hierarchies Gender and warfare Caste, clientage, and inequality Economic inequalities: feudalism and serfdom Slavery and other systems of inequality Globalizing inequality Global industrialization and inequality Imperialism, inequality, and the rise of global racism Resistance and organized labor International labor and political emancipation Gender and resistance Globalization and the struggle for equality Conclusions Selected references Online resources

9 Transmitting traditions: history, culture, and memory Introduction Oral traditions Memory devices Writing systems Technology and the transmission of cultural memory Information technology and the transmission of ideas The computer revolution and cultural memory Architecture and cultural memory Institutions and the transmission of cultural memory Renaissances: traditions and their transformations Keeping time Cultural memory systems and new encounters Colonizing memory Resistance in motion: cultural memory, politics, and performance Transnational technologies and global cultural memory Conclusions Selected references Online resources 10 Crossing borders: boundaries, encounters, and frontiers Introduction Mapping the world Sacred encounters: Christian, Islamic, and Buddhist pilgrims Sacred encounters: Jesuit missionaries in Asia, Africa, and the Americas Gender boundaries Boundaries, encounters, and frontiers in North America Boundaries and frontiers in the Russian Empire The "abode of Islam": boundaries, encounters, and frontiers in the Islamic world Boundaries and frontiers of the Chinese Empire Maritime boundaries, encounters, and frontiers Piracy, trade, and the politics of frontiers Frontiers of resistance in the Atlantic world Cultural boundaries and frontiers in the Caribbean Boundaries, encounters, and frontiers of the Pacific Culinary and drug encounters

Boundaries of the new imperialism National borders and transnational frontiers Conclusions Selected references Online resources 11 Imagining the future: the crossroads of world history Introduction Imagined worlds Critiques of industrialism and visions of community Marx and the critique of industrial capitalism Global war and peace in the twentieth century The impact of war on society War and resistance Women in war and peace Technology and the human costs of global warfare Postwar order/disorder Science and uncertainty: twentieth-century physics The irrationality and uncertainty of knowing: psychology and philosophy Modernism, art, and utopias Morality, human rights, genocide, and justice Conclusions Selected references Online resources Index