CHAPTER 10 SOLUTIONS

10.1
Rich and Lean Stream Summary
F (kg/s)

ys or xs

yt or xt

n (kg/s)

R1
(off-gas)

0.2

0.002

0.0001

0.00038

L1
(additives)

0.08

0.003

0.006

0.00024

L2
(catalytic
solution)

0.05

0.002

0.004

0.0001

Unlimited

0.008

0.010

Unlimited

L3
(organic oil)

Determine the minimum amount of organic oil required using the CI method.
Rank order source and target mass fractions
For each source and target mass fraction (boldface), determine closest
mass fractions in other process phases [y = 0.25(xL1 + 0.0001),
y = 0.5(xL2 + 0.0001)].
y
R1

L1

L2

xL1

xL2

0.0020

0.0079*

0.0039

0.0001

0.0003

0.0001

0.000775

0.003

0.00145*

0.001525

0.006

0.00295

0.00105

0.0041

0.002

0.00205

0.0081*

0.004

infeasible mass fraction (out of range)

SM-10-1

Rank order mass fractions in rich phase

y0 = 0.00205

[xL1,0 = 0.0081*,

xL2,0 = 0.004]

y1 = 0.0020

[xL1,1 = 0.0079*,

xL2,1 = 0.0039]

y2 = 0.001525

[xL1,2 = 0.006,

xL2,2 = 0.00295]

y3 = 0.00105

[xL1,3 = 0.0041,

xL2,3 = 0.002]

y4 = 0.000775

[xL1,4 = 0.003,

xL2,4 = 0.00145*]

y5 = 0.0001
[xL1,5 = 0.0003,
xL2,5 = 0.0001*]
* infeasible mass fraction (out of range)
Carry out mass balances in intervals
From Rich Streams
Interval
(kg/s)
1
2
0.2(0.002 - 0.001525)
3
0.2(0.001525 - 0.00105)
4
5

0.2(0.00105 - 0.000775)
0.2(0.000775 - 0.0001)

To Lean Streams
(kg/s)
0.05(0.004 - 0.0039)
0.05(0.0039 - 0.00295)
0.08(0.006 - 0.0041)
0.05(0.00295 - 0.002)
0.08(0.0041 - 0.003)
-

Excess
(kg/s)
-510-6
4.7510-5
-1.04510-4

R
(kg/s)
-510-6
4.2510-5
-6.210-5

-3.310-5
1.3510-4

-9.510-5
4.010-5

Carrying-out the composition-interval method:

Mass Flows
Between Intervals

yo = 0.00205
y1 = 0.0020

y2 = 0.001525
y3 = 0.00105
y4 = 0.000775
y5 = 0.0001

nExcess
n1 = -510-6

R1
n2 = 4.7510-5

R2
n3=-1.04510-4

R3
n4 = -3.310

Initial Pass

Final Pass

9.510-5

-510-6

9.010-5

4.2510-5

13.2510-5

-6.210-5

3.310-5

-9.510-5

4.010-5

13.510-5

-5

R4
n5 = 1.3510

-4

nLE

SM-10-2

Pinch

10.2
a.
Rich and Lean Stream Summary
F (kg/s)

ys or xs

yt or xt

n (kg/s)

R1
(condensate
from Stripper 1)

2.0

0.050

0.010

0.08

R2
(condensate
from Stripper 2)

1.0

0.030

0.006

0.0240

L1
(Gas oil)

5.0

0.005

0.015

0.050

L2
(Lube oil)

3.0

0.010

0.050

0.060

Determine the minimum amount of external MSA for a MEN using the CI method.
Rank order the source and target mass fractions.
For each source and target mass fraction (boldface), determine the closest mass
fractions in the other process phases [y = 2(xL1 + 0.001), y = 1.53(xL2 + 0.001)].
y
R1

R2

L1

L2

xL1

xL2

0.05

0.024*

0.032*

0.01

0.004*

0.0055*

0.03

0.014

0.018608

0.006

0.002*

0.0029*

0.032

0.015

0.019915

0.012

0.005

0.00684*

0.04743

0.0227*

0.03

0.01683

0.007415*

0.01

infeasible mass fraction (out of range)

SM-10-3

Rank order mass fractions in rich phase:

y0 = 0.05

[xL1,0 = 0.024*,

xL2,0 = 0.032*]

y1 = 0.04743

[xL1,1 = 0.0227*,

xL2,1 = 0.03]

y2 = 0.032

[xL1,2 = 0.015,

xL2,2 = 0.019915]

y3 = 0.03

[xL1,3 = 0.014,

xL2,3 = 0.018608]

y4 = 0.01683

[xL1,4 = 0.007415,

xL2,4 = 0.01]

y5 = 0.012

[xL1,5 = 0.005,

xL2,5 = 0.00684*]

y6 = 0.01

[xL1,6 = 0.004*,

xL2,6 = 0.0055*]

y7 = 0.006

[xL1,7 = 0.002*,

xL2,7 = 0.0029*]

infeasible mass fraction (out of range)

Carry out mass balances in intervals:

From Rich Streams
Interval
(kg/s)
1
2(0.05 0.04743)
2
2(0.04743 - 0.032)
3
2(0.032 - 0.03)
4

3(0.03 0.01683)

5
6
7

3(0.01683 - 0.012)
3(0.012 0.01)
1(0.01 0.006)

To Lean Streams
(kg/s)
3(0.03 - 0.019915)
5(0.015 - 0.014)
3(0.019915 - 0.018608)
5(0.014 - 0.007415)
3(0.018608 0.01)
5(0.007415 0.005)
-

Carrying-out the composition-interval method:

SM-10-4

Excess
(kg/s)
0.00514
6.0510-4
-0.004921

R
(kg/s)
0.00514
0.005745
0.000824

-0.019239

-0.018415

0.002415
0.006
0.004

-0.0160
-0.0100
-0.0060

Mass Flows
Between Intervals

yo = 0.05

y1 = 0.04743
y2 = 0.032

y3 = 0.03

y4 = 0.01683
y5 = 0.012

y6 = 0.01

y7 = 0.006

nExcess
n1 = 0.00514
R1
n2 = 6.0510-4
R2
n3 = -0.004921
R3
n4 = -0.019239
R4
n5 = 0.002415
R5
n6 = 0.006
R6
n7 = 0.004
nLE

SM-10-5

Initial Pass

Final Pass

0.018415

0.00514

0.023555

0.005745

0.024160

0.000824

0.019239

-0.018415

-0.0160

0.02415

-0.0100

0.008415

-0.0060

0.012415

Pinch

b.
When using the minimum activated carbon, the minimum number of mass exchangers
is seven. Note that 0.11 is the maximum mass fraction of phenol adsorbed on the
activated carbon; hence, 0.0108/(0.11 0) = 0.098 kg/s and 0.01586/(0.11 0) =
0.0144 kg/s. These sum to 0.1124 kg/s, the minimum amount of activated carbon.

F, kg/s

Pinch
0.050

0.0358
1

R1

0.01321

0.01683
3

0.01

0.0108
5

0.006

0.01683

0.030
2

R2

L1

0.015

0.007415

0.005

0.005

0.007245

0.0379
5

0.00483

L2

0.02386

0.0144
1

0.0284

0.0132

0.01

3
0.098

L3

x = 0.11
(y = 0.00222)

0.0108
7

0.01586

SM-10-6

0.0144

c.
There are three mass loops in the network above because the minimum number of
mass exchangers is four. When the three loops are broken, a resulting network is:
F, kg/s
0.050

0.01

0.02
2

R1

0.006

0.030
1

R2

0.012

0.014

0.005

L1

0.018

L2

0.030
2

0.01

0.06
3

L3

x = 0.11
(y= 0.00222)

0.006

0.2364

0.02

The amount of activated carbon, (0.02 + 0.006)/(0.11 0) = 0.2364 kg/s, which

exceeds the minimum amount computed in part b (0.1124 kg/s). Note that the effluent
mass fraction of stream L1 is limited by its minimum approach to the mass fraction of
stream R2 (xL1 = 0.03/2 0.001 = 0.014). Hence, the effluent mass fraction of stream
L1 cannot exceed 0.014.

SM-10-7

10.3
This solution has not been completed. The exercise was based upon the example by
A. Gupta and V. Manousiouthakis (Waste Reduction Through Multicomponent Mass
Exchange Network Synthesis, Comput. Chem. Eng., 18, S585-S590, 1994). It
appears to require reformulation in some way.

SM-10-8